In child protection, UNICEF's technical assistance focused on improving existing norms, generating knowledge of violence
ANNUAL REPORT
2014
PERU
UNICEF works every day so that children in Peru have equal opportunities and develop their full potential. Everything we do is guided by the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the most ratified international human rights treaty in the world. The realization of each of these rights will give rise to a new generation, which we call Generation i: the Generation of Inclusion, the Generation of equal opportunities. Generation i will be a generation of citizens who respect human rights, are tolerant and build peace; a generation that uses natural resources responsibly and takes care of the environment; a generation that respects institutions and norms that strengthen democracy. The generation that will achieve sustainable development in Peru. Generation i is only possible if we guarantee all children their rights.
Foreword 2014 was a special year. We marked the 25th anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the most ratified human rights treaty in the world, which guides our work. In Peru, we celebrated by recognizing thirteen women and men who have contributed to public policies for Peruvian children and adolescents. Among the recipients was Javier Pérez de Cuellar, who served as Secretary General of the United Nations when the Convention was adopted in 1989. UNICEF Executive Director Anthony Lake visited Peru in April. His meetings with President Ollanta Humala and other authorities helped reaffirm UNICEF’s commitment to Peru. This year we reached the midpoint of the current Country Programme 2012-2016. The public policies that have started to take effect at the national and regional level encourage us to keep moving forward. UNICEF continued to work with communities and local and regional authorities in six regions – Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cusco, Loreto and Ucayali – to pilot models for scaling up. Our Child Survival and Development programme continued to help Peru in fighting child mortality, chronic malnutrition and anaemia in young children. The Government of Peru universalized multi-micronutrient supplementation for all children aged six months to three years. In education, Peru’s main challenges include: adapting curricula to the realities of students, strengthening the capacity of teachers, promoting intercultural bilingual education (IBE), expanding access to pre-school in remote areas and investing in infrastructure. In 2014, UNICEF supported Peru’s efforts to overcome these challenges and we continue to do so. Peru has always shown interest in adapting national legislation to align with the Convention. UNICEF has provided technical assistance to the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations (MIMP) to reform the Code for Children and Adolescents such that it meets international standards and contributes to improving children’s rights. Elections were held across the country to elect municipal, provincial and regional authorities. UNICEF worked with Peru’s elections agency (JNE) to ensure new decision-makers would prioritize children in their government plans. UNICEF also helped develop a new tool to track public spending on children.
Peru’s geography makes it one of the countries most vulnerable to natural disasters. UNICEF continued to work with different levels of government to build a rights-based approach to disaster risk reduction. UNICEF works in Peru to help Peruvians guarantee the rights of children. As international cooperation funding decreases, the cause for children’s rights will depend on national solidarity. This year, along with corporate social responsibility initiatives, UNICEF launched a national monthly donor programme. For the seventh year in a row, the Buena Onda (Good Vibe) social mobilization and fundraising campaign allowed us to share our work with Peruvians. We reached children and youth through the La Onda de mi Cole (My School Vibe) engagement initiative. Around 70,000 students made their voices heard on issues that matter to them: bullying, domestic violence, online safety and the environment. UNICEF is well aware that girls are Peru’s most excluded children. To reverse this situation, we strive to make all of our programming gender-sensitive. We conducted a study of IBE schools on the barriers that rural and indigenous girls face in accessing, staying in and finishing school. The results were captured in “School of Silence”. The documentary was originally pitched as a high-level advocacy tool, but quickly became our most-watched video on YouTube. We ended the year by naming Marco Zunino a new national UNICEF Ambassador. To our national, regional, provincial and district government partners; to our Ambassadors and friends of UNICEF; to children and adolescents; to our corporate partners and monthly donors and to the media: thank you for working together. In the coming months my time at UNICEF will draw to a close. I leave with the satisfaction of having contributed to the creation of a new generation of Peruvians; a generation we call Generation i: the generation for whom the dream of inclusion and equal opportunities will become real. Thank you for letting me be a part of this dream. Paul Martin Representative in Peru
Child Survival and Development Peru has prioritized comprehensive early childhood care. In 2014, UNICEF supported the Government of Peru in ensuring that pregnant women and children in the most excluded regions have access to quality and culturally relevant health services. We also assisted government efforts to reduce chronic malnutrition and anaemia, and to promote early childhood development.
UNICEF in action • UNICEF provided technical assistance for the National Plan for the Reduction of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality. We participated in the development of a cross-sectoral early childhood development (ECD) policy “Children First”, led by the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion (MIDIS). We supported the Ministry of Health (MINSA) in implementing the Plan for the Reduction of Chronic Malnutrition and Anaemia 2014 – 2016, particularly in the regions where UNICEF works. • We generated evidence and initiatives for inclusion. In partnership with the Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), we are developing a model for delivering maternal and child health services in remote areas of Cusco. Mobile health units provide gynaecological, dental and laboratory services to women and children in hard-to-reach communities. • We assisted in providing HIV testing and treatment to indigenous communities in Condorcanqui, Amazonas. • We supported efforts to strengthen national ECD programmes and promoted breast-feeding in public and private health institutions. • Through UNICEF Procurement Services, the Government of Peru acquired high quality, low-cost rapid HIV tests for pregnant women, syringes and HPV vaccines.
Peru universalized multi-micronutrient supplementation for children under the age of three. This strategy, promoted globally by UNICEF, is highly effective for the prevention and treatment of anaemia, which affects 52% of urban children and 44% of rural children in Peru.
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Quality and equitable education Our work particularly focused on reducing inequality in access to quality education, by expanding educational opportunities for Peru’s most excluded children. All these actions are performed with the valuable support of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada – DFATD.
UNICEF in action • We provided technical assistance – with a focus on increasing budgets – to help expand access to pre-school in rural and bilingual communities through a non-school-based programme for children aged three to five years. • We helped improve the quality of pre-school education by contributing to the design and implementation of the Programme for Professional Training in Pre-Primary Intercultural Bilingual Education, including a framework for teachers in the Amazon. • We helped boost teacher performance in IBE primary schools. A total of 4,575 school directors and teachers in five regions have specialized in IBE. • We supported capacity building of instructors and students at higher education institutions that offer IBE programmes. • We promoted a gender-sensitive approach in the classroom by training 150 IBE trainers and developing a training toolkit. • We supported the Ministry of Education, regional education offices and local education management units in implementing IBE policy, strengthening cross-sectoral coordination to develop management models with a territorial focus. These efforts were undertaken in partnership with the Roundtable on Poverty Reduction, the National Education Council and the National Assembly of Regional Governments.
We promoted the Child Friendly Schools (CFS) approach for indigenous children, through capacity building of regional and local education officials and specialists in five regions. In 2014, a CFS initiative developed by the District Municipality of Ccarhuayo in Cusco, with the support of UNICEF, received a national award for intercultural best practices in public management.
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Child Protection
In child protection, UNICEF’s technical assistance focused on improving existing norms, generating knowledge of violence prevention strategies, and expanding and culturally-adapting protection services. We also contributed to increasing birth registration and promoting strategies to build life skills through sport.
UNICEF in action • Under the leadership of the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations, we started a multi-country study of the determinants of violence against children. Vietnam, Zimbabwe and Italy are also participating in the study. The results will provide a better understanding of the causes of violence in Peru; generate evidence and alternative intervention strategies; and inform decisionmaking on policies and public investment for violence prevention. • Working with the Ombudsperson’s Office, we provided technical assistance to the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations to revise the Code for Children and Adolescents, particularly on issues of youth justice, children without parental care and the national protection system. • We assisted the National Registry of Births and Marriages (RENIEC) in revising national policy on identity, particularly on eliminating gaps in birth registration. We facilitated South-South cooperation with countries that have had success in universalizing birth registration and in working with excluded – and particularly indigenous – populations. • We supported the implementation of Sport for Development (S4D) strategies in urban areas through the national Yachay programme of the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations. This contributed to strengthening the life skills of adolescents in the programme and to generating evidence on the impact of S4D.
The Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations and the Ministry of Economy and Finance expanded the number of districts with a Municipal Defense for children and adolescents (DEMUNA). Coverage increased from 60% to 68%. In the regions where UNICEF works, we assisted in the creation and improvement of services. We also supported child protection training at the national level.
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Public policy
We helped make investment in children a priority on the public agenda, emphasizing the need for evidencebased policies and budgets developed through social participation, partnerships and capacity building.
UNICEF in action • We advocated for the inclusion of children in municipal and regional election agendas. Candidates developed rights-based government proposals and signed 26 governance agreements for 2015-2018 with specific goals on child nutrition, health, education and protection. • We organized the international seminar “Investment in Children in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Commitment to Equity at 25 years of the CRC”. More than 200 experts from 22 countries shared their experiences and contributed inputs for the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child´s forthcoming General Comment on Article 4 of the Convention, as well as dialogue on the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals. • We helped highlight the situation of indigenous Amazonian children, as well as the search for solutions to improve their lives. We contributed to a forum on early childhood in Condorcanqui and a meeting – held in the border region between Brazil, Colombia and Peru – for authorities from all three countries to exchange their experiences in child health, education and protection. • We strengthened local capacity to analyse and use evidence to develop policies for children. We worked with public sector workers and social actors – including children and adolescents – in Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cusco, Loreto and Ucayali.
Peru now has an officially adopted a tool to track public spending on children and adolescents. The tool was built through a participatory process with the Ministry of Economy and Finance, the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations, the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion, the Roundtable on Poverty Reduction and UNICEF. The tool links the budget to the 25 results outlined in the National Action Plan for Children and Adolescents (PNAIA) and three components of the Include to Grow strategy. The tool also disaggregates the budget by sector, programme, level of government, age group and child right.
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2014 marked the 25th anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Over the years, Peru has implemented various public policies for children that have resulted in the following achievements:
1 Reduction of child mortality. In 1990, 79 children died per 1,000 live births. By 2012, the rate decreased to 18 per 1,000.
2 Reduction of maternal mortality. In 1990, 265 mothers died per 100,000 live births. By 2010, this figure decreased by 64% to 93 per 100,000.
3 Elimination of iodine deficiency. Between 1986 and 1996, prevalence decreased from 36.4% to 10.8% among
students in highland and Amazonian regions. Since 1998, the United Nations has certified Peru as a country that has virtually eliminated iodine deficiency disorders.
4 Reduction of child chronic malnutrition from 28% in 2007 to 17% in 2013. 5 Adoption of the Code for Children and Adolescents in 1992, with the aim of adapting national legislation to the Convention.
6 Creation of an office responsible for children and adolescents, now in the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations. The office develops policies and standards to guarantee children’s rights.
7 In the past 25 years, Peru has developed four national action plans for children and adolescents (PNAIA). Various regions and municipalities have created their own action plans.
8 Creation of a department for children and adolescents in the Ombudsperson’s Office to monitor the Government of Peru’s efforts to guarantee children’s rights.
9 Launch of the Include to Grow strategy. Three of the strategy’s five components relate to children and adolescents.
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10 Budget programmes with a focus children. Between 2009 and 2013, funding increased for budgetary
programmes on nutrition (50%), maternal and child health (230%), learning achievements (1,128%) and birth registration (493%).
11 Monitoring of investment in children. In 2014, the Multisectoral Commission of the PNAIA adopted a tool to track public spending on children and adolescents.
12 Promotion of universal access to primary education. In 2012, the net enrolment rate of children aged six to eleven years in primary school was 96%. Ten years earlier, in 2002, the rate was 91.5%.
13 Intercultural Bilingual Education as a national priority. In 2002, the 2021 National Accord recognized the
importance of equal opportunities and non-discrimination, which led to the creation of a law on Intercultural Bilingual Education (Law 27818).
14 Right to identity. In Peru, 95.8% of children under five have a birth certificate and 96.8% of children under 18 have a national identity card.
15 Creation of the DEMUNAS. These institutions promote, defend and monitor children’s rights.
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Why does UNICEF work in Peru? Peru’s Congress recognized UNICEF’s work during a visit from Executive Director Anthony Lake. The following is an excerpt of his remarks: I am honoured to be here to thank the National Congress for recognising UNICEF’s work in Peru and around the world. But I am very aware that this honour is not for me. It is for all the UNICEF staff – international and Peruvian – who have done so much for almost seven decades in the service of Peru’s beautiful children and their rights. It is also for all of our UN colleagues. And in honouring us, you also honour all of our Peruvian partners with whom, through whom and for whom we work. (…) We’ve helped millions of Peruvian children reach their fifth birthday and live happier, healthier lives. But there are millions more that need our support. And we are ready to stay here to work with you for the rights of every Peruvian child, especially the most excluded. Some would ask why UNICEF would wish to work in Peru and other middle or high income countries. Our answer is simple: every child has the right to a fair start in life. The right to education and to nutrition, to protection and to health. Yet in every country, everywhere in the world, too many children are denied that fair start to life. Today, 75 per cent of the world’s poor live not in the poorest countries, but in middle income countries where the challenge is not overall economic growth but, rather, equitable growth. The kind of growth that, studies show, is the most sustainable. The kind of growth that benefits, and is based on, the welfare of all its citizens. In Peru, for example, despite all its admirable progress, 42 per cent of children in Huancavelica are chronically malnourished – more than twice the national average. In the Amazon region, more than half of all children suffer from anaemia, including 54 per cent in Ucayali where I was yesterday. In the province of Purús in Ucayali Region, less than 1 per cent of children had access to clean water according to the 2012 national household survey. Those are statistics. Numbers. Numbers which represent, of course, human beings, children like Maria. Maria, an adolescent girl in Ayacucho who wants to go to secondary school but has to stay at home instead to help her family with farm work. There’s no secondary school nearby, and the two-hour walk is isolated and dangerous. So she stays at home.
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I visited a Shipibo community in the region of Ucayali. I saw, first-hand, how the government and local community are preserving children’s cultural identity and improving their learning achievements. Teaching in their mother tongue at an early age and linking the curriculum to local culture means that children not only better understand lessons and enjoy them more but, also, perform better. And more, they grow up proud both of their indigenous roots and proud to be Peruvians. Peru is recognised as a regional and world leader in helping to adapt health services to the needs and culture of indigenous mothers. For example, traditionally in the highlands of Cusco, where I will visit tomorrow, mothers gave birth at home, risking death or disability to themselves and their infants. Today, 85 per cent of births take place in clinics where female health workers, traditional birthing practices and the presence of family members combine to dramatically reduce maternal and neonatal deaths. In child protection, Peru has increased birth registration from less than 5 per cent in the 1990s to over 97 per cent today, giving almost all children their right to a name and access to vital social services. The remaining 3 per cent are largely in the Amazon regions. This accomplishment was recognized, last year, by UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon as an outstanding example of public administration (…) (…) When I met with the Social Cabinet ministers, I was also impressed by Peru’s efforts to advance Early Childhood Development. Investments in child health, pre-school, chronic malnutrition and, recently, micronutrient disorders are paying off. I was inspired when I read these words this young mother offered to our UNICEF staff: Claudia lives in Chaupiorcco, a small community in Apurimac. She said: “I have six children. Bringing up the four youngest, I did everything I learned in the Community Monitoring Centre. All my pre-natal check-ups; took my children to the health centre for their growth monitoring; cared for them and played with them. Today, I see the difference between them and their older siblings. They’re healthier, learn more quickly and communicate better. We’ve planted a seed. In ten years, many of our children will be community leaders. They’ll be better prepared and our place will be a better place.” Let me echo Claudia’s sentiments. Because I share her sense of optimism. She said, “We’ve planted a seed.” From what I’ve seen and heard, you’ve planted many seeds for Peru’s children and they’re taking root. It is up to all of us, working together, to nurture them and realise the promise of the next generation of this wonderful country. ¡Muchas gracias! Anthony Lake Lima, 24 April 2014
Emergency Response UNICEF’s technical assistance to the national and regional governments focused on incorporating a rightsbased approach to disaster risk management. These efforts will help Peru prioritize children’s rights when responding to emergencies and climate change.
UNICEF in action • We developed communication for development strategies to help teachers and students prepare and respond to 11 common natural disaster situations in Peru. • UNICEF, along with other United Nations agencies, produced an “Analysis of the implementation of Disaster Risk Management in Peru,” and proposed recommendations for the national disaster risk reduction law. • We made the voices of Peruvian children heard at a regional meeting on disaster risk management in Ecuador. • We helped 117 communities in 22 municipalities create risk maps and risk reduction action plans, strengthening their resilience to emergencies and disasters. • We assisted 97 DEMUNAS in developing child protection plans for emergency and disaster situations. • Our advocacy efforts resulted in 20 local governments in the Lima Region increasing their disaster risk reduction budgets by US$3.3 million. • We supported the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations in their response to the earthquake in the Province of Paruro in Cusco. We provided technical and financial assistance for the Juguemos Sonríe programme, which provides safe spaces for children affected by emergencies and disasters to support their emotional rehabilitation.
The National Disaster Risk Reduction Plan 2014-2021 (PLANAGERD) was approved. UNICEF provided technical assistance to the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations, and regional and local governments to incorporate a rights-based approach in their plans under PLANAGERD.
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Corporate partnerships and local resource mobilization In 2014, we consolidated our individual donor fundraising through a year-round monthly donor telemarketing campaign Hazte socio de UNICEF. By phone, we invite Peruvians to become monthly donors. At year’s end, we had 2,467 active donors with an average monthly donation of US$ 12. This campaign has proven to be sustainable and has high potential for growth. The seventh edition of Buena Onda allowed us to familiarize Peruvians with our work and offer them the opportunity to support Peruvian children through monthly donations. The support of companies and corporate partners was fundamental to the campaign’s success. As in previous years, our partners Cencosud and Saga Falabella supported our Un sol para los niños campaign in November and December. Through new partnerships with Almacens Paris and TopiTop, we were able to reach a wider public in and outside of Lima. Our partnership with Bruño, signed in 2013, began to take effect this year. The publishing house donates a percentage of their sales to UNICEF and distributes information on children’s rights in their textbooks. The 2014 Holiday Card collection included a variety of designs and the first edition of e-cards produced by Punto Celeste, UNICEF’s licensee in Peru.
We signed a partnership with Peru Rail that, starting in 2015, will raise funds from passengers who buy their tickets online. Passengers will also be able to make donations during the train journey.
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Communication and social mobilization Equity was the focus of our communication strategy. We engaged the public on issues in health, early childhood development, education, protection and investment in children to improve understanding of inequities in Peru. We put children’s issues in the headlines through interviews, opinion pieces, press releases and reporter field visits; dissemination of programme videos on television and social networks; engagement on Facebook and Twitter; as well as through specialist and celebrity spokespeople. We helped put equity on the public agenda through: the presentation of the “School of Silence” documentary, publications on the Good Start programme and the tool to track public spending on children, the Investment in Children seminar and our commemoration of the 25th anniversary of the Convention. For the seventh straight year, we organized the Buena Onda social mobilization and fundraising campaign. As a part of the campaign, around 70,000 students participated in the La Onda de mi Cole engagement initiative. The campaign came to a close with a 10-hour family-friendly fair attended by 8,000 people and a 4-hour live TV programme on América Televisión. We provided technical assistance to the “Iron Children” and “Thanks, teacher!” media campaigns, launched by the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, respectively. We continued to monitor the representation of children in Peru’s leading newspapers. This year, we found that 40% of news items adequately represented children (10% more than in 2013). Children still have a limited voice in the media and news reports regularly fail to protect the identity of children. Save the Children and the Ombudsperson’s Office have joined our monitoring efforts. It is important to highlight that this year UNICEF Peru’s social media following grew by 230% on Facebook, and by 118% on both Twitter, and YouTube.
Through a partnership with the National Radio and Television Society, we launched the Generation i campaign. The initiative succeeded in getting Lima’s major mayoral candidates to commit to working for children.
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ANNE X 1
Budget
Country Programme component Child survival and development Quality and equitable basic education Child protection Policy, social investment and knowledge generation Cross-sectoral Programme Support (national administrative and logistical costs) TOTAL
Funding sources
Estimated spending in 2014 in US$ 1,247,821 2,329,201 431,328 1,059,038 743,867 474,683 6,285,938
US$
Bilateral contributions from donor countries
2,527,694
Administrative budget - UNICEF Regular Resources - UNICEF Local private funding Emergency Programme Fund National Committees - UNICEF Thematic Funds Other
1,204,672 501,793 0 675,279 740,904 635,596
TOTAL
6,285,938
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ANNE X 2
Partners and collaborators
Strategic private sector partnerships
Partner companies and institutions
• Almacenes París • América TV • C.C. Plaza Norte • Cencosud • Dynamicall • Editorial Bruño • Grupo El Comercio • Infoductos y Telecomunicaciones • Lan Perú • Punto Celeste • Rimac Seguros • Saga Falabella • Sociedad Nacional de Radio y TV • TopiTop
• Ajeper • Alfa CableTv • Andina de Televisión • Canal N • Cedapp • Centro de locución Gina Parker • Centro Relojero Suizo • Copiloto • Corporación Pro • Corporación Radial del Perú • Corporación Universal • Del Barrio Producciones • Diario El Peruano • Escuela de baile de Vania Masías • Escuela de fútbol Óscar Ibáñez • Estudio Navarro, Ferrero & Pazos Abogados • Frecuencia Latina • Gloria • Grupo RPP
Bilateral donors • Canada • Korea • USA
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• Havas Media • Jockey Plaza • La Tarumba • Level 3 • Mad Science • Mágico Gato • Media Networks • Meliá Lima • Notaría Benvenuto • Noticias Perú • Oechsle • Radio Moda • Radio Planeta • Publicis • Red de Energía del Perú • Taller de Creatividad y Desarrollo Musical Kalimbá • Teatro La Plaza • Tondero Producciones • Universal Music Perú
ANNE X 3
UNICEF Ambassadors and Friends
National Ambassadors
Friends of UNICEF
• Gastón Acurio • Dina Páucar • Mónica Sánchez • Gian Marco Zignago • Marco Zunino
• Armando Canchaya • Lorena Caravedo • Mayra Couto • Jason Day • Mónica Delta • Denisse Dibós • Orlando Fundichely • María Grazia Gamarra • Mávila Huertas • Óscar Ibáñez • Fernanda Kanno • Daniel Lazo
• Milagros Leiva • Juliana Oxenford • Ernesto Pimentel • Juan Carlos Rey de Castro • Fátima Saldonid • Nataniel Sánchez • Rodrigo Sánchez Patiño • André Silva • Bruno Tarnecci • Melania Urbina • Pamela Vértiz
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