Asthma in New Jersey - CDC

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The following data provide an overview of the burden of asthma in New Jersey (NJ) compared with the U.S.. All stated com
Asthma in New Jersey Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affects an estimated 16.4 million adults (aged ≥ 18 years)1 and 7.0 million children (aged< 18 years)1 in the United States (U.S.), regardless of age, sex, race, or ethnicity. Although the exact cause of asthma is unknown and it cannot be cured, it can be controlled with self-management education, appropriate medical care, and avoiding exposure to environmental triggers. The following data provide an overview of the burden of asthma in New Jersey (NJ) compared with the U.S. All stated comparisons (e.g., higher, lower, similar) indicate that the group is statistically significantly different than the reference group (e.g., adults aged 18-24 years, men, non-Hispanic whites, children aged 15-17 years, and boys).

Asthma Prevalence

In 2008, an estimated 572,877 adults in New Jersey had asthma. Adult lifetime asthma prevalence was 12.8% and adult current asthma prevalence was 8.6% compared with U.S. rates of 13.3% and 8.5%, respectively2. Adult Current Asthma Prevalence by Age, BRFSS, 2008 18

Percent

12

Child Current Asthma Prevalence by Age, BRFSS, 2008 18

U.S.

NJ

38 States

15

13.4

12

10.2

9

7.4

8.2

7.5 7.8

9.1 8.5 8.5 9.0

7.2

8.0

Percent

15

NJ

In 2008, an estimated 174,346 children in New Jersey had asthma. Child lifetime asthma prevalence was 12.9% and child current asthma prevalence was 8.6% compared with the 38 participating states’ rates of 13.3% and 9.0%, respectively2.

9.7

11.3

10.6

10.4 8.8

9

6

6

3

3

10.1

5.7 4.1

0

0

18-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

0-4

65 +

5-9

10-14

15-17

Adult current asthma prevalence was lower among adults aged 25-44 years and 55+ years than adults aged 18-24 years in New Jersey; however, the rate was highest among adults aged 18-24 years throughout the U.S.

Child current asthma prevalence was lower among children aged 0-4 years than children aged 15-17 years in New Jersey. A similar pattern occurred throughout the 38 participating states.

Adult Current Asthma Prevalence by Sex, BRFSS, 2008

Child Current Asthma Prevalence by Sex, BRFSS, 2008

18

NJ

18

U.S.

15

38 States

15

12

10.5

9

6.6

12

10.4 Percent

Percent

NJ

6.5

7.6

6.8

6

6

3

3

0

10.4

10.3

9

0

Men

Women

Boys

Girls

Adult current asthma prevalence was higher among women than men in New Jersey. A similar pattern occurred throughout the U.S.

Child current asthma prevalence was higher among boys than girls in New Jersey. A similar pattern occurred throughout the 38 participating states.

Adult Current Asthma Prevalence by Race/Ethnicity, BRFSS, 2008

Child Current Asthma Prevalence by Race/Ethnicity, BRFSS, 2008

NJ

18

U.S.

15

14.0

Percent

9

8.6 8.8

10.0

38 States

12

9.3

8.7 7.2

6.3

6

4.1

9.7 9

6.8

8.1

8.1

7.7

6

8.0

4.9

3

3 0

0

White NH

Black NH

Hispanic

Other NH Multirace NH

Adult current asthma prevalence was higher among non-Hispanic blacks and lower among non-Hispanic persons of other races than non-Hispanic whites in New Jersey; however, rates were higher among non-Hispanic multirace persons and non-Hispanic blacks throughout the U.S.

CS223984_A

NJ

16.0

12.5

11.4

12

15.1

15

Percent

18

White NH

Black NH

Hispanic

Other NH Multirace NH

Child current asthma prevalence was higher among non-Hispanic blacks than non-Hispanic whites in New Jersey; however, rates were higher among non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic multirace persons throughout the 38 participating states.

Asthma in New Jersey Asthma Hospitalizations

Asthma Deaths

New Jersey Hospital Discharge Data, 2008

Age-Adjusted Asthma Mortality Rate by Race, NVSS, 2007

500

436.7

30

NJ

400

U.S.

27.6

25.4

Rate/100,000

321.0

200

182.0

170.2 93.4

100

197.6

126.8 63.1 58.4

Rate/million

300

5-9

12.2 10

6.8

82.2

0 0-4

20

10-14 15 - 17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+

The age-adjusted asthma hospitalization rate in New Jersey was 171.2/100,000 persons3 compared with the U.S. rate of 144/100,000 persons4. In New Jersey, the hospitalization rate for children was 202.4/100,000 persons3 and for adults was 167.1/100,000 persons3.

8.8

**

0

White

Black

Other

Asthma was the underlying cause of death for 88 adults and less than 10** children in New Jersey5. The age-adjusted asthma mortality rate in New Jersey was 9.6/million and the U.S. rate was 11.0/million5. **The estimate is suppressed.

Asthma Patient Education and Medication Use The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Expert Panel Report 3: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma includes recommendations by medical and public health experts to aid in the clinical practice of managing asthma. The NHLBI Guidelines focus on four areas of asthma management and care: Assessment and Monitoring, Patient Education, Control of Environmental Factors Contributing to Asthma Severity, and Pharmacologic Treatment. Items included in the following table are related to asthma patient education and medication use for adults with current asthma in New Jersey. Patient Education: Adults with Current Asthma6

Respondents

Yes

Ever taught how to recognize early signs or symptoms of an asthma episode

315

64%

Ever told what to do during an asthma attack

317

78%

Ever taught how to use a peak flow meter to adjust daily medications

318

52%

Ever given an asthma action plan

316

32%

Ever taken a course on how to manage asthma

322

8%

Respondents

Yes

308

64%

blank row Medication Use: Adults with Current Asthma6 Used a prescription asthma medication in the past 3 months7 Notes: 1. National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 2008 2. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), 2008 When the sample size is fewer than 50, prevalence estimates are considered unstable and should be interpreted with caution. Indicated with an asterisk (*) All stated comparisons (e.g., higher, lower, similar) indicate that the group is statistically significantly different than the reference group (e.g., adults aged 18-24 years, men, non-Hispanic whites, children aged 15-17 years, and boys). 3. State Hospital Discharge Data, 2008 4. National Hospital Discharge Survey, 2008 When estimates are based on fewer than 60 hospitalizations, they are considered unstable and should be interpreted with caution. Indicated with an asterisk (*) 5. National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), 2007 When estimates are based on fewer than 20 deaths in the numerator, they are considered unstable and should be interpreted with caution. Indicated with an asterisk (*) When estimates are based on fewer than 10 deaths in the numerator, data are suppressed due to confidentiality. Indicated with double asterisks (**) 6. Asthma Call-back Survey, 2008 7. Medication includes inhalers, pills, syrups, and nebulizers.

CDC’s National Asthma Control Program For more information on asthma: http://www.cdc.gov/asthma http://www.state.nj.us/health/fhs/asthma/index.shtml