Apr 22, 2011 - CCP is leading NASA's efforts to develop an American-made ... development of commercial end-to- .... Soft
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Commercial Crew Program Overview Masters Forum 20
Maria Collura April 22, 2011
Commercial Crew Program
CCP Objective CCP is leading NASA’s efforts to develop an American-made commercial capability for crew transportation and rescue services to the ISS following this year's retirement of the space shuttle fleet – Kennedy Space Center will host the program office dedicated to enabling commercial human spaceflight capabilities. – Program Manager (PM) will reside at KSC – Deputy Program Manager located at JSC
Program Mission – Manage the investment in the development of commercial end-toend space transportation systems – Manage the CTS (Crew Transportation System) certification process – Lead the technical and programmatic partner integration and approval functions
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CCP Organization Human Exploration & Operations Directorate C3PO Program
Commercial Crew Program
FAA
ISS Program Technical Authority LSP Program
Systems Systems Engineering & Requirements
Partner Team (Blue Origin)
Launch Vehicle Spacecraft Launch & Recovery Systems Mission Planning & Integration
Partner Team (Boeing)
Partner Integration
Partner Team (Sierra Nevada)
Program Control & Integration
Partner Team (Space X) 3
CCT-1100 Series Documents ESMD-CCTSCR-12.10 Agency and HQ Level Requirements levied on the Program intended to certify a CTS to carry a NASA crewmember to LEO
CCT-PLN-1100 High Level Program Summary of roles, responsibilities, and interfaces between CCP and partners in the development of CTS, and How NASA and the CP will work together to achieve a Certified Human Flight Vehicle
SSP 50808
CCT-REQ-1130 Crew Transportation and Services Requirements - must meet to transport NASA Crew to the ISS
ISS Visiting Vehicle Requirements - must comply with to interface with the International Space Station
CCT-PLN-1120 Crew Transportation Technical Management Processes – summary of technical management processes that support certification and expectations for evidence of compliance
CCT-STD-1150
CCT-STD-1140 Crew Transportation Design Standard Guidelines - provides expectations, and criteria used in evaluation of technical standards
Crew Transportation Operations Standard Guidelines - provides expectations for minimum criteria and practices for operations
CCT-DRM-1110 Crew Transportation System DRMs – potential reference missions for current and evolvable systems architecture designs 4
Insight/Oversight Model – Level of Involvement NASA will perform insight/oversight on the Commercial Partner’s design, development, and certification process to evaluate the end-toend crew transportation system Scientific & Commercial Spacecraft--Contracted
Human Spaceflight
Commercial Crew
COTS & CRS
Low In/Oversight
Launch Services Program
Intense In/Oversight
Commercial Crew Structure and Timelines Title
CCDev
CCDev Round 2
Purpose Develop and demonstrate technologies that enable commercial human spaceflight capabilities.
Mature the Design and Development of elements of the system, such as launch vehicles and spacecraft.
CCDev Round 3
Design of integrated commercial crew systems.
CCP
Mature Development, Test and Certification of end-toend systems.
2010
February Awards
2011
2012
2013-2016
April All Agreements Complete
October Announcement for Proposals
April Awards
May Agreements Complete
Prepared for services to ISS by end of 2016. Today
6 Pre-Decisional – NASA Internal Use Only
Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) •
The NASA Recovery Act stimulus funding, included $50M to stimulate efforts within the private sector to develop and demonstrate technologies that enable commercial human spaceflight capabilities
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On February 1, 2010 five partners were announced and received funding: – Blue Origin – Boeing – Paragon – Sierra Nevada Corporation – United Launch Alliance (ULA)
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All Agreements were concluded by December 2010, with the exception of ULA and Boeing who received no-cost extensions to April 2011 7
Commercial Crew Development Round 2 CCDev2
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CCDev 2 Summary Participant Name
Work Summary
NASA Funding
Blue Origin
Space Vehicle design to SRR, pusher escape ground and flight testing, and engine pump and thrust chamber testing
$22,005,000
Boeing
CST-100 design maturation to PDR and launch vehicle integration
$92,300,000
Sierra Nevada Corporation
Dream Chaser crew transportation system design maturation to PDR and component testing
$80,000,000
Side-mount LAS engine design maturation and partner-funded crew accommodation prototype
$75,000,000
Total Funding
$269,305,000
SpaceX
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Blue Origin Total NASA funding
• $22M
Description & Features:
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Flare
•
• • •
Bi-directional Fins
Deep-throttling Engines
Launch vehicles – Atlas V – Then on their own Reusable Booster System (RBS) Biconic shape capsule spacecraft • Composite structure Landing system trade study Pusher Escape System Testing Fully Reusable Booster System (RBS) • Post separation, RBS will either ballistic trajectory downrange or restart engines to return to launch site
Comments:
• •
Orbital
Direct docking to ISS Vehicle Mass: 22,000 lbm
Design Reviews Suborbital
Capacity Summary Low Altitude
CC + PM
Goddard
Time
SV + Atlas V
SV + RBS
Subs/Suppliers: NASA Ames Research Center NASA Stennis Space Center ULA
SRR May 2012 kg/Flt
PDR --Max Crew
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Aerojet Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control HSWT U.S. Air Force Holloman High Speed Test Track 10
Boeing Total NASA funding
• $92M
Description & Features:
Ascent Cover Forward Heatshield
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Forward Window Side Hatch
Side Window
LAS Roll Thrusters (8)
CM RCS Thrusters (12)
• • •
CM-SM Umbilical
SM RCS Thrusters (28)
Orbital Maneuvering, Attitude Control (OMAC)
Radiators (4) Thruster Doghouse (4)
123456-006
• Orbital insertion
• MECO • LV staging • Spacecraft separation • LV disposal Mission control
Pad operations • Spacecraft arrival at launch pad • Hoist and mate to launch vehicle • Late cargo loading • Crew ingress • Countdown • Launch
Comments: MMOD/Thermal Shield
• • •
Direct docking to ISS 48 hours of autonomous flight operations Vehicle Mass: 30,430 lbs
• Crew ingress • De-orbit preps • Un-docking • Separation
• Rendezvous/proximity operations • Docking • Mated operations • Crew Cargo transfer
Launch
Launch Abort Engine (LAE)
Launch vehicles – Atlas V 412, Delta IV – Compatible with Liberty and F9 CST-100 is a reusable capsule spacecraft Land landing on airbags Integrated bi-propellant SM propulsion system
De-orbit burn
Design Reviews
Orbital operations Spacecraft operations control • Mission planning • Ground processing ops control • Crew training • Cargo manifesting • Integrated testing • Launch operations • Orbital command and control • Landing and recovery control
• SM separation • SM disposal
Capacity Summary Landing
Delta SDR May 2011 kg/Flt
PDR April 2012 Max Crew
1,164
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Subs/Suppliers: Pre-launch processing • Cargo loading • Final test and checkout • Fueling • Ordnance installation • Encapsulation
Assembly, refurbishment and test • Spacecraft element production • Element test and checkout
Software Development and Integration • Flight, Ground, Mission Ops SW Dev • Avionics HW/SW and ISS Integration testing • Mission / Vehicle Common Data System
Recovery • Initial safing • Crew egress • Cargo removal • Load on transporter • Transport to manufacturing for potential reuse
Airborne Systems BA ILC Dover Spincraft
United Space Alliance United Launch Alliance PWR
193879-011.pptx
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Sierra Nevada Corporation Total NASA funding
• $80M
Description & Features:
• •
Launch vehicles – Atlas V-402 – Investigating other options (ATK Booster) Dream Chaser is a Reusable – Piloted Lifting Body, Derived from NASA HL-20 – Onboard hybrid propulsion & high lift provide runway landings for nominal missions and ascent aborts
Comments:
• • •
Direct docking to ISS Vehicle Mass: 27,100 lbm Multiple & Flexible Abort Options (no black zones)
Design Reviews Capacity Summary
SRR May 2011 Cargo (kg/Flt) w/Crew
1,500
PDR May 2012 Max Crew
2
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Subs/Suppliers: United Launch Alliance AEROJET Adam Works Boeing MDA NASA LaRC
United Space Alliance Draper Laboratory SAS Virgin Galactic University of Colorado
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SpaceX Total NASA funding
• $75M
Description & Features:
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Dragon Capsule Spacecraft • Cargo version to evolve into crew version • Many systems identical in both • Integrated LAS development and crew accommodations are the focus for CCDev2 • Water landing (helicopter recovery) for early missions and land landing for later missions
Comments: DRAGON AT A GLANCE
WINDOWS Flight-proven and common to cargo and crew Dragon
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Design Reviews
DRACO THRUSTERS Flight-proven and common to cargo and crew Dragon GROUND LANDING Propulsive, precise system part of long-term capability
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INTEGRATED LAS Offers significant advantages over tower systems
Capacity Summary
Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle • Two-stage – LOX and kerosene Falcon 9/Dragon launches • Successful COTS launch 12/8/10 • 11 more scheduled before crew launch
LAS PDR Sept 2011 kg/Flt
Concept Baseline Review May 2012 Max Crew
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Subs/Suppliers: PICA-X SpaceX system has large factor of safety for ISS reentry
ARES Corporation Odyssey Space Research ATA Engineering Wyle Laboratories Information Systems Laboratories Inc.
Paragon SDC ILC Dover Oceaneering Orbital Outfitters 13
• A successful Commercial Crew Program will: – Transform human spaceflight for future generations – Result in safe, reliable, cost effective crew transportation to LEO and in support of ISS – Free NASA’s limited resources for beyond-LEO capabilities – Reduce reliance on foreign systems
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