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s Work g n i n Lear h s i ew F Ttion of J y A t u er D R Distrib Prop for Not

On The Map was conceived and developed by Vavi Toran and edited by Rachel Dorsey This pilot version is intended for registered partner schools. If you’ve come across these materials without registering please be in touch with [email protected] to learn how to become a partner. Materials are for educational purposes. They are not for distribution, copying, or sharing in any form. Materials: binder, maps, PPT presentation, email attachments, etc. The educational materials compiled herein draw from many sources. They have been compiled and edited for the sole use of educators. Jewish LearningWorks does not claim to have authored all material. A special thank you to our supporters and partners: Bonnie & Marty Tenenbaum Foundation The iCenter for Israel Education

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Introduction and Rationale Knowledge and appreciation of historic and current events and their complexity are important aspects of understanding and engaging with Israel. Maps are among the most effective visual tools for introducing the history and complex reality of ancient and modern Israel, its land and its people. We embarked on this project to address a challenge. We were hearing important questions from Jewish educators: “Do you have a good map I can use?” and “Which map should we be using in my class?” These questions indicated confusion among some educators with regard to maps, as well as the fact that maps themselves can tell a story and diverse maps tell diverse stories. Maps are both essential tools in modern life and primary source documents reflecting the people, time, and cultures that produced them. They can be read on different levels and used for various purposes. By closely examining these unique documents, students learn to recognize maps beyond their use as tools for locating places. Critical inquiry prompts students to grapple with the basic elements of Israel as a nation and a society with multiple narratives and many points of view. The ever-changing borders of Israel tell fascinating stories of strife, struggle and achievement, which can shed light on current and past events. Maps play a complex role in Israel education. In studying a topic in which land and sovereignty are so important, geographic literacy can enhance our understanding of the subject. At the same time,

There are many ways to look at Israel; small as it is on a globe, there are diverse Israels. Even a simple thing like a map of Israel lends to differing perspectives that reflect deep values. Therefore, every Israel curriculum is partial, in both senses of the word: it reflects the biases and perspectives of the authors, and tells only part of the mosaiclike, often conflicting narratives. This complexity makes curricularizing Israel one of the most challenging (yet exciting) of Jewish educational tasks! Curricularizing Israel: Principles & Themes by Jan Katzew The Aleph-Bet of Israel Education The iCenter http://www.theicenter.org/

I N T R O D U C T I O N A N D R AT I O N A L E ·

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Enduring Understanding • • •

•

•

The history of Israel is complex. There are many ways to look at Israel. There is an ongoing physical and spiritual connection between the people and the land. There is an ongoing dispute between people over rightful “ownership” of the land. Learning about Israel is meaningful through a Jewish values’ lens (i.e. love of the land, principles of liberty, democracy and compassion for others).

Essential Questions • •

• •

•

•

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What are the complex realities of Modern Israel? How is the history of Israel manifested in present day situation and events? Who are the people whose narratives are being told? What is their relationship to the land? What are their perspectives? What are the connections among borders, territory and a spiritual longing for the land? What Jewish values can be associated with “reading” maps and learning about Israel’s society and history?

· I N T R O D U C T I O N A N D R AT I O N A L E

s Work g n i n Lear h s i ew F Ttion of J y A t u er D R Distrib Prop for Notunderstanding. As maps can be employed to obscure we study Israel through a geographic lens, we aim to illuminate how maps can be used to disclose and conceal information, what is included and what is excluded from a map.

Maps • Can represent history, geography, natural resources, demographics (objective) • Can serve as tools to “tell a story” - points of view rooted in the time of their creation, narratives, approaches, interpretations, commentaries, visual midrash (subjective) • Might inform, influence or criticize (intentional, deliberate) Maps serve as vehicles to understand • History of ancient and modern Israel • Current events, areas of conflict, political viewpoints and perspectives • Changing borders of Israel and its neighbors • Terms and terminology (Green Line, Gaza Strip, East and West Jerusalem, Golan Heights, Palestinian Territories, Areas A and B, Judea and Samaria, West Bank, Gaza Envelope Region, refugee camps, etc.) • Multiple narratives of Israelis, Palestinians, and other people • Connection (physical and spiritual) of the people to the land

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sh Jewi f F Ttion o y A t r u e D R Distrib Prop for Using NotVisual Arts to Explore Maps

Artists frequently serve as diagnosticians or commentators on a particular culture or events by illustrating an x-ray of life under certain circumstances at a given time and place. The artists who “comment” on the Israeli map provide us with material to delve into different perspectives and narratives. They shine a light on an issue without claiming to be either objective or accurate. In fact, almost by definition they are neither. It is through the common language of art—a language that transcends speech—that one might interpret its hidden meaning and gain new appreciation of society and politics in the deepest sense. Encounter Conversation Guidelines Downloadable guidelines to help create a framework in which people of diverse ideological viewpoints can explore deeply contentious and charged topics respectfully. We at Jewish LearningWorks are using these guidelines in some of our educators’ gatherings. See web link in Unit 10 and printed in Addenda.

Critical Thinking and Teaching Israel

As educators we seek to cultivate critical thinking in our students but we often struggle with applying this to Israel. We find it hard to answer core questions, such as these: •

•

•

•

What are the base line values, knowledge or attachments that students need in order to apply critical thinking and avoid alienation? At what age is it appropriate to start to introduce complexity into the study of Israel? How can critical thinking avoid producing alienation and conversely, work to deepen students’ relationship to Israel? What happens when our parents, board, staff and leadership (not to mention the students themselves) have different opinions on the appropriateness of our approach?

Alexandra Benjamin, Senior Educator

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The experiential program consists of seven units, addenda, resources, glossary and timeline. It is intentionally flexible and adaptable to many settings, time constraints, and educational goals. We encourage educators to find the path for critical inquiry that is most appropriate for students in their school or congregation. However, we recommend that you start with Unit 1, as it establishes the premise of the multiplicity of maps and offers ideas and suggestions on how to “read” them. Re s o u rces fo r I nt ro du c t io n and R at i o nal e The Complexity of “Complexity” in Israel Education by Alex Sinclair http://ejewishphilanthropy.com/ the-complexity-of-complexity-inisrael-education/ Teaching Critical Thinking and the History of Israel by Jonah Hassenfeld http://ejewishphilanthropy.com/ teaching-critical-thinking-and-thehistory-of-israel/

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· I N T R O D U C T I O N A N D R AT I O N A L E

Units

Page

1 THE Map of Israel? Which One!?!

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2 Milestones: History of Contemporary Israel

through Maps

3 Zoom In: The Green Line

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a West Bank

78

b The Gaza Strip

90

c Golan Heights

96

d Jerusalem

99

4 The People and the Land –

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133

Multiple Narratives

5 The Importance of Water

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6 Paving Roads:

195

Next Steps Towards Peace

7 The Map and Me: Artistic

209

Explorations and Final Project

8 Addenda

273

9 Glossary, Timeline

TBD

10 Web Resources

TBD

Un its in clud e •

A collection of maps

•

Background material, commentary

and guiding questions

•

Ideas for lessons and projects

• Resources

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Unit 1:

THE Map of Israel? Which One?! Unit Introduction Maps are common objects. We see them every day, we use them when we travel, and we refer to them often. We often take the information we find in them as objective fact, when they are actually quite subjective. A map is defined as a representation, usually on a flat surface, of a whole or part of a geographical area. A map’s job is to describe spatial relationships of the specific features that the map aims to represent. There are many different types of maps that attempt to represent specific things. Maps display political boundaries, population, physical features, natural resources, roads, climates, elevation (topography), economic activities and more. Maps are produced by cartographers. Cartography refers to both the study of maps and the process of map-making. It has evolved from basic hand-drawings to complex computer graphics and technologies. We must always be aware that the specific view offered by a map is partial and particular. Though maps often look as though they are presenting “just the facts”, there is much more to a map. In his book The Power of Maps, Geographer Denis Wood reminds us that maps “are embedded in a history they help to construct.” With these words, Wood calls attention to two aspects that a critical reader needs to bring to their encounter with maps: Like all other

Enduring Understanding for Unit 1 •

•

•

Maps are visual documents that can be read and interpreted like text. There is no one “correct” map of Israel—there are many. Maps of Israel represent many points of view and perspectives.

Essential Questions for Unit 1 • •

•

How can maps be interpreted? What are some of the reasons there are many maps of Israel? In what ways do maps of Israel tell different stories?

THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?! ·

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historical sources, maps can be “factual” but they also must be read carefully as contextualized documents. Maps are made at a particular moment in time by people who are embedded within a social and personal context of hopes, dreams, biases, predilections, and vested interests that can and do influence the map.


The Many Maps of Israel

The maps chosen for this section represent a variety of points of view. As an introduction to the entire unit they are meant to familiarize students with some of the many maps of Israel, and to introduce them to an exploration, an interpretation and finally an understanding of the visual images, their background, their purpose and the stories they tell.

Maps don’t just reflect reality, they help to create it. Mapping something gives it an aura of authority and permanence — sometimes deserved and sometimes not.

Many types of maps are shown in this tool, including historical, ancient, political, topographic, geographic, thematic, road, illustrated, symbolic, artistic and more.

The maps of Israel are no exception. They too have to be read with a discerning eye, in order to understand the subtext they represent.

Most of the maps will appear again in another section with more comprehensive notes by theme or topic. These maps can be used for a final observation and reflection on the entire unit.

Web Res o u rces fo r U n it 1 :

We have made the following assumptions about maps in general: • Each map has its own point of view or perspective. • Maps are descriptions. • Maps are selective. • Maps have a purpose or agenda. • Every detail on a map such as size, colors, fonts etc. is determined intentionally.

What Can Maps Tell Us? http://chnm.gmu.edu/ worldhistorysources/unpacking/mapsq1. html Understanding Maps – Thought.Co http://geography.about.com/od/ understandmaps/a/whatisamap.htm Types of Maps - Thought.Co http://geography.about.com/od/ understandmaps/a/map-types.htm Seeing Through Maps by Ward L. Kaiser and Denis Wood – Chapter 1 http://www.odtmaps.com/pdf/ SeeingThroughMaps_Chapter1.pdf 8

· THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?!

Questions to ask: • Is there such a thing as a true and accurate map? • What is ON the map? What does the map describe? • What is OFF the map, and how do we figure out what was left out and why? • What story does the map tell us?

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Suggested Lessons and Activities for Unit 1

Experience Printout copies of Activity 1 pages (see Addenda) and cut up puzzle pieces to create one map from several different maps. The goal is to demonstrate that there is no ONE map of Israel: ancient, historical, geographic, satellite, Palestine, with/ without the Green Line, artistic, cartoon, JNF, etc.

Explore

Display the map collection for Unit 1 1. Choose one map. What kind of a map is it? What’s on the map? What’s off the map? Is there a particular point of view? What does it tell you? What questions do you have about it? 2. Find someone with another map and discuss together (or choose another map and make a comparison). How are they similar? How are they different? What does the new map tell you? What questions do you have about it?

Unpack Give your students background on the selection of maps, and lead a lively conversation. You can use the same questions we introduced for “Explore.”

Reflect How do you feel about this activity? What did you observe in general? What questions came up for you? What would you like to know more about?

Summarizing Activity (in groups or solo)

• Draw your own map based on your knowledge and interpretation. It can be a map of Israel, your home, your classroom, your school, your neighborhood, or something else. • Decide on a medium (i.e. pens, crayons, pictures, magazine clippings, etc). • What kind of map did you create (symbolic, illustrated, city or floor plan, etc.)? • Present and compare.

THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?! ·

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Maps for Unit 1

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Bünting Clover Leaf Map Ancient and Symbolic Map 1585

Jerusalem is central and holy to three religions— Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The most holy sites for each of these religions are situated in the Old City of Jerusalem: The Western Wall and Temple Mount for Jews, The Church of the Holy Sepulcher for Christians and Al-Aqsa and Dome of the Rock mosques for Muslims. Re s o u rces Clover Leaf Map - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ B%C3%BCnting_Clover_Leaf_Map Midrash about Jerusalem Midreshet (in Hebrew & English) https://tinyurl.com/ycgfs9on

One of the most iconic world maps, The Bünting Clover Leaf Map, also known as The World in a Cloverleaf, is an historic mappa mundi (map of the world) drawn by the German Protestant pastor, theologian, and cartographer Heinrich Bünting. The map was published in 1581. A mosaic model of the map is installed on the fence of Safra Square at the site of Jerusalem’s city hall. The shape is a symbol of the Christian Trinity. The city of Jerusalem is represented as the center, surrounded by three central continents, with some more areas of the world being accordingly illustrated separately from the clover.

10 · THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?!

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Jerusalem, the navel of the world – in Jewish thought “Just as the navel is in the center of a person, so the land of Israel is in the middle of the world, as it is written [Ezekiel 38:12] “…living at the center of the earth.” …The land of Israel sits in the middle of the world, and Jerusalem in the middle of the land of Israel, and the Temple in the middle of Jerusalem and the Sanctuary in the middle of the Temple and the Ark in the middle of the Sanctuary, and the foundation stone in front the Ark, and upon it stands the world…” Midrash Tanhuma, Kedoshim 10 This expressive Midrash characterizes three spiritual centers of the world upon which countless generations of Jews have projected their hopes and dreams. The desire to reach these centers permeates almost every aspect of Judaism: its thought, custom and liturgy. The importance of these locations is emphasized even in the rules governing prayer; Jews in the Diaspora face Israel, Jews in Israel face Jerusalem, and Jews in

Logos inspired by Bünting Clover Leaf Map Alma Hebrew College and The Jerusalem Center

THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?! · 11


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Land of the Twelve Tribes Historical Map

This map, estimated to represent 13th century BCE, depicts the territory and boundaries of The Twelve Tribes of Israel. The tribes (Reuben, Simeon, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Benjamin, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Ephraim and Manasseh) are the traditional divisions of the ancient Jewish people. Estimated historical era - 13th century BCE. Biblical tradition holds that the twelve tribes of Israel are descended from the sons and grandsons of the forefather Jacob and are called “Israel” from Jacob’s name given to him by God. After the Exodus and the 40-year wandering in the desert under Moses’ leadership, the children of Israel enter the land of Canaan under Joshua’s leadership. After conquering the land, the tribes are each allotted an individual territory to settle.

From www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ jsource/Judaism/tribes.html


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Current Political Map From: Israel Ministry of Tourism

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TOURIST INFORMATION MAP CITY / TOWN / VILLAGE 6 CROSS ISRAEL HIGHWAY HIGHWAY - ROAD NO. MAIN ROAD - ROAD NO. REGIONAL ROAD-ROAD NO. RAILWAY NATURE RESERVE / NATIONAL PARK ISRAEL TRAIL AIRPORT / AIR FIELD INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY: BORDER CROSSING ISRAEL FORWARD LINE SYRIAN FORWARD LINE GAZA STRIP LIMIT GOLAN HEIGHTS

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WEST BANK ISRAEL- PALESTINIAN INTERIM (AGREEMENT Information updated 20.3.2000)

Area A - Palestinian responsibility for civil affairs, internal security and public order.

The Green Line is often referred to as pre-1967 borders or the 1967 borders or 1949 Armistice lines by many international bodies and national leaders.

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Armistice Lines (1949-1967) – The Green Line In 1949, with UN mediation, Israel concluded armistice agreements with Jordan, Egypt, Syria, and Lebanon, thus reaching an official cessation of hostilities of the first Arab-Israeli war that had started in May 1948. The parties agreed that the armistice agreements would serve as interim arrangements until replaced by permanent peace treaties. The 1949 Armistice Lines between Israel and its Arab neighbors came to be known as The Green Line.

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Note: persons intending to enter areas deﬁned in the above mentioned agreement are advised to consult an appropriate authority.

Gulf of

S o urces Israel Tourist Information https://info.goisrael.com/en/ About the omission of the Palestinian territories: Ha’aretz www.haaretz.com/israel-s-tourismministry-is-wiping-palestinians-offthe-map-1.289387 Times of Israel http://jewishnews.timesofisrael. com/71707/

The Green Line is discussed in more details in Units 2 and 3. THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?! · 13


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Map of Israel Current Political Map From: The United Nations’ Cartographic Section Israeli official maps convey an inconsistency in outlining the state’s borders. Maps 3 and 4 are examples of inclusion and omission of the Green Line. Armistice Lines (1949-1967) – The Green Line In 1949, with UN mediation, Israel concluded armistice agreements with Jordan, Egypt, Syria, and Lebanon, thus reaching an official cessation of hostilities of the first Arab-Israeli war that had started in May 1948. The parties agreed that the armistice agreements would serve as interim arrangements until replaced by permanent peace treaties. The 1949 Armistice Lines between Israel and its Arab neighbors came to be known as The Green Line. The Green Line is often referred to as “pre-1967 borders” or the “1967 borders” or “1949 Armistice lines” by many international bodies and national leaders. The Green Line is discussed in more detail in Units 2 and 3.


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Topographic Map of Israel This topographical map of the central and northern regions of Israel shows the Jezreel Valley separating the Northern Galilee region from the central mountain range. The Jordan River connects the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea. The Negev Desert is to the south. Altitude numbers are shown in meters. The lowest point on earth is the surface of the Dead Sea (in Hebrew: “Salt Sea”), about 400 meters below sea level. The map marks no borders, cities, etc.

M o re ab o ut Is rael ’s geo graphy - Is rael M i ni str y o f Fo reign Af f airs https://tinyurl.com/pdoqc6e

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Topography of Palestine The map represents the topography of the land marked as Palestine (pre 1948). “Palestine” was the name used for this area under the Ottoman Empire. After World War I, the name “Palestine” was applied to the territory that was placed under British Mandate; this area included not only present-day Israel but also presentday Jordan. It was not a Palestinian state. The map marks only Arab cities and villages and mixed Jewish and Arab cities (Haifa, Jaffa). It omits Tel Aviv, which was established in 1909, and all other existing Israeli cities, periphery towns, kibbutzim, and moshavim (cooperative agricultural communities). “Palestine” is discussed in more detail in Unit 3. The Palestinian connection to the land is discussed in more detail in Unit 4.

Res o urces O rigin o f th e n am e “Pales tin e” www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ jsource/History/palname.html https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Timeline_of_the_ name_%22Palestine%22


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Satellite Map

With Hairline Borders

Notice the difference in color between the topography within and beyond the Green Line. The darker area within the Green Line are forests planted mainly by JNF. Notice a difference in color along the southwestern border with Egypt. The lighter color is due to Bedouin owned herds grazing on the Egyptian side of the border.

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Israel vs. California Map Comparison Map How does Israel compare to California? Consider size, territories, cities, etc. Comparison maps of Israel are usually meant to illustrate how small Israel is in comparison to its neighboring Arab countries and to give a perspective to educators and students who study about Israel.

From Israel Size Comparison maps http://iris.org.il/sizemaps.php


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Defense Zone Map – Home Front Command Thematic Map

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The Israeli Home Front Command published this map to inform the public on the regional defense zones that were used during Operation Protective Edge in the summer of 2014. The map details the individual defense zones and the amount of time citizens have to get to a shelter or protected area should a siren signal a missile attack from Gaza. You’ll notice that the entire state of Israel is within missile range.

Illustrated Map Artist: Rutu Modan The Map of Israel as Illustration, Artwork and Icon The Israel Museum, Jerusalem

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This retro-style tourist map was used as the cover to the catalog of the Israel Museum’s “On the Map: The Map of Israel as Illustration, Artwork and Icon” exhibition in 2008. It marks places and events. The artist includes items that might not have been displayed on an actual tourist map such as a weapon-bearing soldier near Gaza, Arabs and Bedouins, and the controversial Haifa oil refinery’s chimneys. Do you find anything unusual about this map? Is there anything missing?

http://museum.imj.org.il/ exhibitions/2008/OnTheMap/ OnTheMap-about.html THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?! · 17


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Palestinian Traditional Costumes Map 1948 Illustrated Map The map displays a wide range of traditional Arab and Bedouin clothing styles. A person’s attire was largely dependent on locality, whether the person were a villager, Bedouin or townsperson, their marital status, religion, class and the time period. The map includes holy places such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, and marks only Arab villages and towns. See more about the Palestinians’ connection to the land in Unit 4.

Res o u rces Pal es ti ni an Po ste r Pro j e c t http://www.palestineposterproject. org/poster/palestinian-traditionalcostumes-map Pal es ti ni an Cl o t h in g http://www.raqs.co.nz/me/ clothing_palestine.html Pal es ti ni an Cos t u m e s https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Palestinian_costumes


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Eretz Moledet (Homeland) My Israel - JNF Poster

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This map, which is part of an educational kit, depicts the land as a lush green oasis, as described in Shir Ha’amaalot (Song of Ascents, Psalms 126) which recounts the joy of returning to Zion and rejuvenating the land. The Jewish National Fund, Keren Kayemet LeYisrael, was founded by the Fifth Zionist Congress in Basel in 1901 with Theodor Herzl’s support, in order to buy and develop land for Jewish settlement. The JNF is a non-profit organization. By 2007, it owned 13% of the total land in Israel. Since its inception, the JNF says it has planted over 240 million trees in Israel. It has also built 180 dams and reservoirs, developed 250,000 acres of land and established more than 1,000 parks. JNF continues to be involved in many initiatives of community building, water solutions, forestry and green innovation. When looking at this map, it is important to note that the perspective is from the West, as a 3D perspective from above, as if a bird’s eye view or, that of a landing airplane. Also, the green areas are misrepresented. The vast majority of the area beyond the Green Line is hilly and barren, not lush and green as depicted here, as is the Negev desert.

Res o urces Eretz M o led et - J NF ( in Hebrew) http://www.kkl.org.il/moledet/ Sh ir H a’m aalo t - M echon M am re http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/ pt/pt26c6.htm


s Work g n i n Lear h s i ew F Ttion of J y A t u er D R Distrib Prop or t fartists David Reeb and Avner Bar HamaNoare who use

Introduction to Images 13 and 14

the map of Israel in their artwork and present opposing political views. The questions they raise represent a central machloket (constructive conflict) in Israeli society – the issue is the Green Line and its inclusion or omission from official maps.

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Orange Map: Today Gush Katif–Tomorrow Jaffa Artist: Avner Bar Hama 2008 Conceptual Art Exhibited at “L (A) T T I T U D E S”– an exploration of maps of Israel and Palestine created by ten contemporary artists, at Ann Loeb Bronfman Gallery, Washington DC

Res o u rce Creat i ng t he O ra n g e M a p D C J CC https://16thstreetj.wordpress. com/2008/02/27/creating-orangemap-by-avner-bar-hama/


The map was made up of artificial oranges and “Jaffa” stickers to create a 25-foot map of Israel on the floor of the gallery. The color orange was embraced by the Israeli settlers and their supporters who opposed the 2005 unilateral withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and the Israeli army’s dismantlement of the settlements. Among them were 17 settlements that comprised a bloc known as Gush Katif (Harvest Bloc). In addition to being a variety of oranges (“Jaffa Oranges”), Jaffa is also a city located directly next to Tel Aviv, and is a mixed Arab-Jewish town.

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Green Line

Artist: David Reeb

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In the mid-1980s, the Green Line (which marks the pre-1967 borders of the State of Israel) became a dominant component of David Reeb’s paintings. His representation of this charged political frontier makes a statement about the permanent status the occupation acquired in Israeli consciousness. Fro m Tel Aviv M us eum of Ar t http://www.tamuseum.org.il/ collection-work/4487

Hityashvut Artist: Michael Sgan-Cohen Conceptual Art Hityashvut is a simple wooden classroom chair, its seat painted with free brush strokes depicting a general map of Israel, and its back painted as blue skies. The word Hityashvut (settlement) denotes both the act of sitting down (lashevet) and the act of settling the land of Israel. To clarify: In Hebrew, the common term for the Israeli settlements outside the Green Line is hitnakhluyot. This term was introduced when the Likud party came to power in 1977, evoking Biblical injunctions and promises to “inherit” the land through settlement; it officially replaced the earlier and emotionally neutral word hityashvut. The term hitnakhluyot is still widely used in the media and in public, although some think it has acquired a derogatory connotation in recent years. The settlers themselves are called mitnakhalim. Most settlers, their supporters, and most official Israeli government references use the term yishuvim for settlements and mityashvim for settlers, evoking a continuation of earlier Zionist settlement history.

15 Ab o ut S gan - Co h en ( in Hebrew) https://tinyurl.com/ycqflfdp



16

Pho to by Paul G o l d m a n circ a 1 9 5 7 http://www.jewishbookcouncil. org/book/paul-goldman-pressphotographer-1943-1961


David Ben-Gurion Cartoon by Moshik Lin 2011 An iconic snapshot of Israel’s first prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, doing a headstand on the beach in Herzlyia in September 1957 (below), provides the basis for this cartoon. Moshik Lin is showing the upright figure of Ben-Gurion set alongside a map of Israel turned on its head. The scene reverses words attributed to Ben-Gurion when explaining his fondness for headstands: “I stand on my head so that the State of Israel could stand on its feet.” The political cartoon allows Israeli artists to deal with highly sensitive political and societal issues with a mix of humor and seriousness. Appreciated for their provocative nature, these cartoons often convey opinion as effectively as any political speech, newspaper article or newscast.

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Unit 1

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16 Maps


16 Maps ·· Unit 1 · On the Map 24 · THE MAP OF ISRAEL? WHICH ONE?!


EL TRAIL

‘AFULA

UM EL FAHM

BET SHEAN

Jordan River Boarder Crossing

JENIN

HaYarden (Jordan)

HADERA

QAZIR HARISH

ISRA

PARDESS HANNA-

TIBERIAS

NAZARETH ‘ILLIT

NAZARETH

MIGDAL HAEMEQ

BINYAMINA

Caesarea

YOQNE’AM ’ILLIT

SEA OF GALILEE -211

ZIKHRON YA'AQOV

QESARIYYA

QIRYAT TIV’ON

SAKHNIN

Mt. Carmel

SHEFAR’AM

QIRYAT ATA

NESHER TIRAT KARMEL

KARMI’EL

QIRYAT HAYYIM BIALIK

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QIRYAT YAM

QIRYAT Port MOZKIN of Haifa QIRYAT

HAIFA

QAZRIN

N

HTS

AKKO (ACRE)

SAFED (ZEFAT) HAZOR HAGELILIT ROSH PINNA

GALILEE

HEIG

MA’ALOT TARSHIHA

SYRIA

NAHARIYA

AN

GOL

SHELOMI

Rosh Haniqra

MAJDAL SHAMS

LEBANON

Unit 1

Mt. Hermon

QIRYAT SHEMONA

16 Maps

ISR AEL

METULA

HaYarden (J rdan) o


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Tel Arad

‘ARAD

KUSEIFA

Salt Ponds -427

BE’ER SHEVA

Mezada (Massada)

ISRAEL TRAIL

METAR

OMER TEL SHEVA

LEHAVIM

RA IL

Z

THE DEAD SEA -427

J U D E A N

QIRYAT HEVRON ARBA (HEBRON)

EL T

JORDAN

ISRA

OFAQIM

KEREM SHALOM

Eshkol HaBsor

D E S E R

IP

R

T S Z A

(G

)

JUDEA (YEHUDA)

A

BETHLEHEM

BETAR ILLIT

A

RAHAT

MA’ALE ADUMMIM

JERUSALEM

NETIVOT

Z

QIRYAT GAT

Allenby Bridge

YERIHO (JERICHO)

A

MEVASERET ZIYYON

RAMALLAH

SEDEROT

Qarni Border Crossing

MODI’IN

OFRA

MODI’IN ILLIT

BET SHEMESH

Erez Border Crossing

QIRYAT MALAKHI

ASHQELON

MA’ALE EFRAYIM

Ben SHOHAM Gurion Airport LOD

GEDERA

Adam Bridge

ELI

NES RAMLA ZIYYONA

ARI’EL

EL’AD

YEHUD

PETAH TIQWA

ROSH HA’AYIN

YAVNE REHOVOT Port of Ashdod ASHDOD

(SHOMRON)

RISHON LEZIYYON

SAMARIA

RAMAT HOD HASHARON HASHARON

BENE BERAQ RAMAT GAN GIV’ATAYIM

HERZLIYYA

TEL-AVIVYAFFO

SHEKHEM (NABLUS)

KEFAR QALQILYA SAVA

RA’ANANNA

·

ISRAE L TRA IL

TAIYIBA

On the Map

TULKARM

KEFAR YONA

EVEN YEHUDA

NETANYA

Ramat Hovav

DIMONA

ht ak

h

qa

NE’OT HAKIKKAR

Ha

SEDE BOQER

Nizzana Border Crossing

AE

L

IL

'Arav a

G

E

esh kht Ma mon Ra

MIZPE RAMON

Valle y

E

T

RA

N

a

a

n

e

s

e

r

D

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t

‘U Va vda lle y

'Uvda EL T RAIL

YOTVATA

RA

Hai Bar

IS

JORDAN ‘EN YAHAV

LEGEND

I SR

Avedat

V

Ben Gurion Burial Place

TOURIST INFORMATION MAP CITY / TOWN / VILLAGE 6 CROSS ISRAEL HIGHWAY HIGHWAY - ROAD NO. MAIN ROAD - ROAD NO. REGIONAL ROAD-ROAD NO. RAILWAY NATURE RESERVE / NATIONAL PARK ISRAEL TRAIL AIRPORT / AIR FIELD INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY: BORDER CROSSING ISRAEL FORWARD LINE SYRIAN FORWARD LINE GAZA STRIP LIMIT GOLAN HEIGHTS

HAIFA 6

Planned

4

40

461 STATION

/

WEST BANK ISRAEL- PALESTINIAN INTERIM (AGREEMENT Information updated 20.3.2000)

Area A - Palestinian responsibility for civil affairs, internal security and public order. Timna Valley

EILAT

EGYPT

m

m Ha ak g

NIZZANE SINAI

Ha

h es ht ol ad

Ha

YEROHAM

es

Mamshit

n

ta

Haluza Desert

Area B - Palestinian responsibility for civil affairs, public order of Palestinians, Israel responsibility for security of Israelis.

Rabin Border Crossing

Note: persons intending to enter areas deﬁned in the above mentioned agreement are advised to consult an appropriate authority.

Gulf of




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