Prepared for Seminar - The Colombian Peace Process: State of Play of Negotiations .... â¢National plan for rural electr
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The Post-conflict phase in Colombia: What role for the international community? Prepared for Seminar - The Colombian Peace Process: State of Play of Negotiations and Challenges ahead Brussels, June 29, 2016 Adam Isacson Senior Associate, Regional Security Policy Program Washington Office on Latin America 1666 Connecticut Ave NW, Suite 400, Washington DC 20009 www.wola.org
[email protected] office: (202) 797-2171 | fax 797-2172 google voice: (202) 596-2321 | skype: adamisacson | google talk: cipcolombia | twitter: @adam_wola
Colombia Is Good at Planning
A Middle Income Country
Donor Coordination
Historically Ungoverned Zones
Source: Juan Carlos Garzón - http://bit.ly/1UWgvLm
Priority Zones for Post-Conflict
Source: UN/OCHA - http://bit.ly/1OQFHhw
Source: Fundación Paz y Reconciliación - http://bit.ly/1OQENla
Coca and Eradication in Colombia 250
Aerial Fumigation
Manual Eradication 41
200
33
150
144
136
157
96
167
6
44
119 116
114 114
102
51
83 153
85
22 105 102 103
13
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
12
101 47
2001
2000
1996
47
1999
6
1998
9
1997
5
43
78
134
84
1995
0
139 130 133 137
31
112
56
36
2015
172
67
19
31
2014
80
50
35
100
100
45
159
61
144 4
123
1994
Thousands of Hectares
170
66
Coca Cultivation
Source: U.S. Department of State, International Narcotics Control Strategy Reports .
Illegal Gold Mining on the Andágueda River, Chocó, Colombia, March 2014
Murders, Disappearances, and Attempts on the Lives of Human Rights Defenders 80
78
Homicides Attacks Disappearances
69
60
55 51
49
50
40
41
39
32
28
20
21
20
6
0
2010
2011
5
2012
1
2013
1
2014
1
Jan-Sep 2015
Source: Somos Defensores - http://www.somosdefensores.org/
Of 32 Governors Elected in October 2015, Colombia’s Peace and Reconciliation Foundation Identified 10 With Likely Political Support from Organized Crime
Source: Peace and Reconciliation Foundation - http://bit.ly/1lZtrAV
Judicial System Absence
Source: Dejusticia - http://bit.ly/1Z68ClL
Judicial System Needs
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Infrastructure Manpower Protection Technology Internal Controls
San José del Guaviare
Leave Behind State Capacity and Presence
San Juan de Arama, Meta
Change the incentive structure for civilian ministries’ employees in ungoverned areas
Municipalities Within the National Territorial Consolidation Plan
Commitments in the First Accord (Land and Rural Development) • A Land Fund, including some purchases of under-used lands for distribution. • "Massive formalization" of landholdings. • Mechanisms to resolve land conflicts. • A National Cadaster System. • Establishment of Campesino Reserve Zones for small landholders. • Development Programs with a Territorial Focus (PDET). • National plan for tertiary road building. • National plan for irrigation and drainage. • National plan for rural electrification and internet connectivity. • National plan for rural health care. • Special plan for rural education. • National plan for building and improving rural housing (includes building aqueducts). • National plan for rural economic assistance. • National plan for technical and technological assistance. • National plan for subsidies and credits. • National plan for marketing campesino production. • Plan to guarantee rural workers' rights (includes labor inspectors). • Special system for food security.
Rural Development Accord: A “Back-of-the-Envelope” Cost Estimate
Oil Price Collapse Tightens Budget
Source: Treasury Ministry of Colombia - http://bit.ly/1JGuLV4
Auction Off Those Seized Assets
Source: El Espectador -
U.S. Aid to Colombia Economic/Institutional Assistance Military/Police Assistance
2000-2016: US$9.94 billion 29% Economic/Institutional 71% Military/Police
$1,050 $900 $750
772
137
$600
606
$450
611
135
596
143
589
150
619
251
255
248
214 439
197
434
196
250 171
324
310
1 224
247
240
174
170
200
,r eq . 17
16
20
20
15
14 20
13 20
12 20
11 20
10 20
09 20
08 20
07 20
06 20
05 20
04 20
03 20
02 20
01 20
00 20
99 19
98
115
19
97
87
19
96
64
156
222
1 1
152
20
$150
402
389
9
$300
$0
134
116
19
Millions of Nominal U.S. Dollars
231
Source: numerous U.S. government documents compiled at www.securityassistance.org/Colombia
UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Field Office
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