Frameworks for Educational Technology: SAMR, the ... - Hippasus

Frameworks for Educational Technology: SAMR, the EdTech Quintet, and the Horizon Report Ruben R. Puentedura, Ph.D.

Enhancement

Modification Tech allows for significant task redesign Augmentation Tech acts as a direct tool substitute, with functional improvement Substitution Tech acts as a direct tool substitute, with no functional change Ruben R. Puentedura, As We May Teach: Educational Technology, From Theory Into Practice. (2009)

Transformation

Redefinition Tech allows for the creation of new tasks, previously inconceivable

gy

on

da go

C

Pe

nt

te

PCK PK

CK

TPK

TPCK

TCK

TK

Technology Punya Mishra & Matthew J. Koehler, “Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge”. Teachers College Record, 108(6). (2006)

gy Pe

nt

te

da

on

go

C

PCK

PK

CK

TPK

TPCK

TCK

TK

Technology Lee S. Shulman, "Those Who Understand: Knowledge Growth in Teaching." Educational Researcher, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Feb., 1986)

Condition Mix of natural & artificial features that give meaning to a location Location Position in space Links Connections between places

Phil Gersmehl. Teaching Geography. The Guilford Press. (2005)

Formal Region Group of places with similar conditions Functional Region Group of places linked together by a flow

Spatial Thinking Skills Comparison

How are places similar or different?

Aura

What is this place’s influence on nearby places?

Region

What nearby places are similar to this one?

Transition

How do things change between two places?

Hierarchy

What larger area is this area inside? What smaller areas are inside it?

Analogy

What places have similar conditions?

Pattern

What distinctive arrangements can you see on a map?

Association

Are these patterns similar?

gy

t

Pe

en

da

t on

go

C


PCK PK

CK

TPK

TPCK

TCK

TK

Technology

Modification Tech allows for significant task redesign

Augmentation Tech acts as a direct tool substitute, with functional improvement

Substitution Tech acts as a direct tool substitute, with no functional change





gy

t

Pe

en

da

t on

go

C


PCK PK

CK

TPK

TPCK

TCK

TK

Technology








gy

t

Pe

en

da

t on

go

C


PCK PK

CK

TPK

TPCK

TCK

TK

Technology








gy

t

Pe

en

da

t on

go

C


PCK PK

CK

TPK

TPCK

TCK

TK

Technology








Study Ligas (2002)

Xin & Reith (2001)

Higgins & Raskind (2005)

Salomon, Globerson & Guterman (1989)

SAMR Level

Description

Effect Size

S

CAI system used to support direct instruction approach for at-risk students.

0.029

A

Multimedia resources provided to contextualize learning of word meanings and concepts.

0.264

M

Software/hardware used for text-to-speech, definitions, pronunciation guide for children with reading disabilities.

0.600

R

Software presents students with reading principles and metacognitive questions as part of the reading process.

1.563

Pearson, P.D., Ferdig, R.E., Blomeyer Jr, R.L., & Moran, J. "The Effects of Technology on Reading Performance in the Middle-School Grades: A Meta-Analysis With Recommendations for Policy." Learning Point Associates/North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (NCREL) (2005).

Study

SAMR Classification

S to A

S: Computerized algebra drills, some tied to realworld scenarios A: Tools for basic visualization; adaptive response to student progress

A to M

A: Interactive tools for concept exploration and visualization M: Narrated animation as final project

Algebra I Effectiveness of Cognitive Tutor Algebra I at Scale, by John F. Pane, Beth Ann Griffin, Daniel F. McCaffrey, Rita Karam Earth Science Using Laptops to Facilitate Middle School Science Learning: The Results of Hard Fun, by Alexis M. Berry, Sarah E. Wintle

Description

Effect Size

≈ 0.2 50th perc. → 58th perc.

≈ 0.6 50th perc. → 73rd perc. (≈ 1.4 a month later) (50th perc. → 92nd perc.)

Social

Mobility

Visualization

Storytelling

Gaming

200,000 years

70,000 years

40,000 years

17,000 years

8,000 years

Ruben R. Puentedura, “Technology In Education: The First 200,000 Years” The NMC Perspective Series: Ideas that Matter. NMC Summer Conference, 2012.

Social

Mobility

Visualization

Storytelling

Gaming

200,000 years

70,000 years

40,000 years

17,000 years

8,000 years

Bookmarks

RSS Feeds

Discussions

Microblogging

Blogging

Wikis

Telepresence

File Sharing

Social

Mobility

Visualization

Storytelling

Gaming

200,000 years

70,000 years

40,000 years

17,000 years

8,000 years

Class

School

Homework

World

Home

Learning Environments Contextual Search Augmented Reality

Cloud Resources Mobile Tools

Sensors Recorders

Social

Mobility

Visualization

Storytelling

Gaming

200,000 years

70,000 years

40,000 years

17,000 years

8,000 years

Social

Mobility

Visualization

Storytelling

Gaming

200,000 years

70,000 years

40,000 years

17,000 years

8,000 years

SOCIAL

Pictorial vocabulary; Narrative sources; Narrative transitions; Narrative constraints Text/image integration

CDS Seven Elements; Montage structures

Narrative structures; Narrative flows

Ludic elements

Image Assembly

Sequential Art

Moving Image

Interactive Media

Interactive Fiction

5-Card Nancy

Comic Life

Premiere

Pachyderm

Inform 7 MOMENT

PLACE

Infinite Canvas Prezi

Social

Mobility

Visualization

Storytelling

Gaming

200,000 years

70,000 years

40,000 years

17,000 years

8,000 years

Formal Definition of Game (Salen & Zimmerman)

“A game is a system in which players engage in an artificial conflict, defined by rules, that results in a quantifiable outcome.”

Salen, K. and E. Zimmerman. Rules of Play : Game Design Fundamentals. The MIT Press. (2003)

Michael Fullan. Great to Excellent: Launching the Next Stage of Ontario's Education Agenda. (2013)

categorizing, providing commentary, analyzing searching, browsing, accessing, collecting

find differences, similarities and create meaning from them linking, referencing

Annotating

Comparing

Discovering

Referring

Scholarly Primitives

selecting according to a criterion, showing relationships of items selected to the original set

Sampling

Representing

changing depiction mode, publishing

Illustrating showing an example, highlighting features within an example John Unsworth. Scholarly Primitives: What Methods Do Humanities Researchers Have in Common and How Might Our Tools Reflect This? Humanities Computing, Formal Methods, Experimental Practice Symposium, Kings College, London. (May 2000)

















Condition Mix of natural & artificial features that give meaning to a location Location Position in space Links Connections between places

Phil Gersmehl. Teaching Geography. The Guilford Press. (2005)

Formal Region Group of places with similar conditions Functional Region Group of places linked together by a flow

Place/Space Place

Identity

Home

Diaspora

Rooted

Nomadic

Theatrical Space

Helen Nicholson. Theatre & Education. Palgrave Macmillan. (2009)

Shigeru Ban - Log House, Kobe – Photo by Forgemind ArchiMedia

Shigeru Ban - The Nomadic Museum – Photo by weird tramp

The Big Idea: The big idea is a broad concept can be explored in multiple ways, is eng and has importance to learners, and larger society. Examples of big id Resilience, Separation, Creativi Health, Sustainability, and Democracy.

Essential Question: By de the big idea allows for the generation of a wide varie essential questions. Eventu process narrows to one ess question that reflects the in of the learners and the needs their community.

The Challenge: From the essentia question a concise challenge is articul that asks the learners to create a specific so Challenge Based Learning - About CBL (2011)

















Key Trends Driving Ed Tech Adoption Fast

(1-2 yrs.)

Rethinking the Roles of Teachers

Shift to Deep Learning Approaches

Mid-Range

Increasing Focus on Open Content

(3-5 yrs.) Increasing Use of Hybrid Learning Designs

Important Ed Tech Developments Adoption:

1 yr. or less

BYOD

Cloud Computing

Adoption:

2-3 yrs.

Games and Gamification

Learning Analytics

Adoption:

4-5 yrs.

The Internet of Things

Wearable Technology

Long-Range Rapid Acceleration of Intuitive Technology

(5+ yrs.) Rethinking How Schools Work

Significant Challenges Impeding Ed Tech Adoption Solvable

understand and know how to solve

Difficult

understand but solutions are elusive

Wicked

complex to define, much less address

Authentic Learning Opportunities

Integrating Personalized Learning

Complex Thinking & Communication Competition from New Models of Ed

Increased Privacy Concerns Keeping Formal Education Relevant

Key Trends Driving Ed Tech Adoption Fast

(1-2 yrs.)

Rethinking the Roles of Teachers

Shift to Deep Learning Approaches

Mid-Range

Increasing Focus on Open Content

(3-5 yrs.) Increasing Use of Hybrid Learning Designs

Important Ed Tech Developments Adoption:

1 yr. or less

BYOD

Cloud Computing

Adoption:

2-3 yrs.

Games and Gamification Learning Analytics

Adoption:

4-5 yrs.

The Internet of Things

Wearable Technology

Long-Range Rapid Acceleration of Intuitive Technology

(5+ yrs.) Rethinking How Schools Work

Significant Challenges Impeding Ed Tech Adoption Solvable

understand and know how to solve Authentic Learning Opportunities Integrating Personalized Learning

Difficult

understand but solutions are elusive

Wicked

complex to define, much less address

Complex Thinking & Communication Competition from New Models of Ed

Keeping Formal Education Relevant Increased Privacy Concerns

Hippasus

Blog: http://hippasus.com/rrpweblog/ Email: [email protected] Twitter: @rubenrp This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.