Gaza: The Impact of Conflict on Women - NRC

Nov 2, 2015 - of the Gaza Strip, leaving more than 2,200 persons dead and more than 19,000 homes ...... The windows and doors were blown in. ...... Agencies that provide an outreach programme through their mobile clinics or other such.
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Gaza: The Impact of Conflict on Women November 2015

Gaza: The Impact of Conflict on Women November 2015

November 2015 Researched and written by Hannah Rought-Brooks. Edited by Elisabeth Koek, Martin Clutterbuck and Wafa Kafarna. Thanks to UNRWA, OCHA and UN Women for their valuable inputs. Cover photo (front): Palestinian women around destroyed houses in Shejaiya neighbourhood, Gaza City (Emad Badwan, 2014). Cover photo (back): A Palestinian woman in Al-Fakhura school bombed by Israel during the JulyAugust 2014 conflict (Emad Badwan, 2014). The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) is an independent, international humanitarian nongovernmental organisation that provides assistance, protection and durable solutions to refugees and internally displaced persons worldwide.

This publication has been produced with the assistance of the UK Department for International Development and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position or the official opinion of the UK Department for International Development and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

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CONTENTS Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................ 5 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 8 2 Background and Context................................................................................................................... 11 3 International Legal Framework ......................................................................................................... 14 3.1 International Humanitarian Law ............................................................................................ 14 3.2 International Human Rights Law (IHRL) .............................................................................. 15 3.3 Legal Status of Women in Gaza ............................................................................................ 17 4 Women’s Experiences of Conflict .................................................................................................... 19 4.1 Memories of the 2014 War: Loss of Life ............................................................................... 19 4.2 Displacement.......................................................................................................................... 23 5 Women’s Lives in 2015 .................................................................................................................... 36 5.1 Shelter and WASH ................................................................................................................. 36 5.2 Family Life, Children, Grief and Loss ................................................................................... 42 5.3 Housing, Land and Property .................................................................................................. 47 5.4 Livelihoods and Women’s Changing Roles: Impact of Conflict and Blockade ................... 50 6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................ 56 7 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................. 58

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Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, December 2014

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Executive Summary This report focuses on the impact of the on-going occupation, conflict and Israeli imposed blockade on women’s lives in Gaza. Over a year after the July-August 2014 Israeli military operation on Gaza, it is clear that women remain profoundly affected by the events. The conflict left more than 2,200 dead and more than 19,000 homes destroyed or uninhab