Gujarat - AECEN

Shapoorji Pallonji Energy (Gujarat) Pvt Ltd.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) (2 X 660 MW )Coal Based Thermal Power Plant At Villages Kaj / Nanavada in Kodinar Taluk in Junagadh District Gujarat

Draft Final Report

February 2011

Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 PREAMBLE 1.2 PROJECT PROPONENT 1.3 PROPOSED PROJECT 1.4 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION 1.5 SUPPORTIVE RESOURCE BASE 1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.7 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 PROJECT LOCATION 2.2 PROCESS SELECTION 2.3 PROCESS DESCRIPTION 2.3.1 STEAM GENERATING UNIT 2.3.2 TURBINE GENERATOR UNIT 2.3.3 DE-AERATING HEATER AND CLOSED HEATERS 2.3.4 CONDENSING EQUIPMENT 2.3.5 AUXILIARY STEAM SYSTEM AND AUXILIARY BOILER 2.4 COAL HANDLING SYSTEM 2.5 FUEL OIL SYSTEM 2.6 PLANT WATER SYSTEM 2.7 ASH HANDLING SYSTEM 2.8 MISCELLANEOUS AUXILIARIES 2.8.1 HYDROGEN GENERATION PLANT 2.8.2 CONDENSATE POLISHING UNIT 2.8.3 TURBINE OIL PURIFICATION SYSTEM 2.8.4 CHEMICAL FEED SYSTEM 2.8.5 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM 2.8.6 POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM 2.8.7 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM 2.8.8 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ACTIVITIES SOURCES OF POLLUTION 2.9 2.9.1 EMISSION FROM STACK 2.9.2 WASTEWATER 2.10 POLLUTION MITIGATION SYSTEM 2.10.1 ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS 2.10.2 CHIMNEY 2.10.3 SPACE FOR FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION 2.10.4 EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT 2.11 POWER EVACUATION CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 STUDY AREA 3.3 COMPONENTS OF BASELINE STUDY 3.4 METHODOLOGY

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3.5 STATUS OF BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 3.5.1 PHYSIOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY 3.5.2 GEOLOGY & SOIL 3.5.2.1 SOIL QUALITY 3.5.2.2 SOIL QUALITY AT SITE 3.5.3 CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY 3.5.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3.5.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 3.5.6 HYDROLOGY OF THE SITE 3.5.7 SURFACE WATER QUALITY 3.5.7.1 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.5.8 GROUNDWATER QUALITY 3.5.8.1 GROUNDWATER QUALITY MONITORING 3.5.9 LAND USE AND LAND COVER 3.5.10 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 3.5.11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PATTERN 3.5.12 COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES CHAPTER 4: IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS 4.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS 4.2.1 AIR QUALITY 4.2.2 NOISE LEVELS 4.2.3 WATER QUALITY 4.2.4 LAND USE 4.2.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4.2.6 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE OF MARINE OUTFALL 4.3 OPERATIONAL PHASE IMPACTS 4.3.1 AIR QUALITY 4.3.2 NOISE LEVEL WATER QUALITY 4.3.3 4.3.3.1 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND IMPACTS 4.3.4 SEAWATER INTAKE AND MARINE OUTFALL LAND USE PATTERN 4.3.4 4.3.5 ASH MANAGEMENT 4.3.6 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY (WITHIN PLANT AREA) 4.3.7 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTES 4.3.8 DOMESTIC SOLID WASTES 4.3.9 INFRASTRUCTURE 4.3.10 SUMMARY CHAPTER 5: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PORGRAMME 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 5.3 MONITORING PLAN 5.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES CHAPTER 6: ADDITIONAL STUDIES 6.1. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND R& R ACTION PLAN

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6.1.1 6.1.1.1 6.1.1.2 6.1.1.3 6.1.1.4 6.1.1.5 6.1.1.6 6.1.1.7 6.1.1.8 6.1.1.9 6.1.1.10 6.1.1.11 6.1.1.12 6.1.1.13 6.1.1.14 6.1.1.15 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.4 6.1.5 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.1.1 6.2.1.2 6.2.1.3 6.2.1.4 6.2.2 6.2.2.1 6.2.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.3.1 6.2.3.2 6.2.3.3 6.2.4 6.2.4.1 6.2.5 6.2.6 6.2.7 6.2.8 6.2.9 6.2.9.1 6.2.10 6.3 6.3.1.1 6.3.1.2 6.3.1.3

DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA FOR SOCIAL STUDY 154 SOCIOECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITION IN THE STUDY AREA 155 GENDER AND AGE PATTERNS OF HOUSEHOLD HEADS 156 OCCUPATION OF THE HOUSEHOLD HEAD 157 EDUCATION OF THE HOUSEHOLD HEAD 158 HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHY 159 HOUSEHOLD ANNUAL INCOME AND SAVINGS 160 SOURCE INCOME OF HOUSEHOLD 160 ANNUAL SAVINGS OF HOUSEHOLD 161 HOUSEHOLD LOAN DETAILS 161 HOUSEHOLD AMENITIES 162 STATUS OF WOMEN IN THE HOUSEHOLD 164 STATUS OF WOMEN IN THE HOUSEHOLD LAND POSSESSION 165 PERCEPTION ABOUT THE PROJECT 168 PERCEPTION ON THE ECONOMIC BENEFIT BROUGHT ABOUT BY THE PROJECT 169 ISSUES OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS (PAPS) 169 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 170 PROJECT SITE LAND ACQUIREMENT 170 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 171 POTENTIAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS 173 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 175 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS IN PROPOSED THERMAL POWER PLANT 175 LIGHT DIESEL OIL (LDO) 176 HEAVY FUEL OIL (HFO) 176 HYDROGEN GAS 176 STEAM GENERATOR (BOILER) 177 IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR HAZARD POTENTIAL AT PROPOSED THERMAL POWER PLANT178 MAJOR HAZARD POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT 178 HAZARD POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS PLANT SECTIONS 178 180 HAZARDS DUE TO LOSS OF CONTAINMENT ACCIDENT SCENARIO 180 CONSEQUENCE ANALYSIS AND VULNERABLE ZONE 180 180 RELEASE OF LDO FROM RUPTURE OF 2000 KL CAPACITY TANK RELEASE OF HFO FROM RUPTURE OF TANK OF 1000 KL CAPACITY 183 RELEASE OF HYDROGEN FROM 37 KG CYLINDER 185 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY FOR PROPOSED POWER PLANT 186 COAL DUST EMISSIONS FROM COAL HANDLING SYSTEM 186 SAFEGUARDS TO CONTROL DUST EMISSIONS 186 OCCUPATIONAL RISK DUE TO HYDROGEN GAS USED IN GENERATOR COOLING 186 SAFEGUARDS FOR HYDROGEN GENERATION AND HANDLING SYSTEM 187 OCCUPATIONAL RISK DUE TO HIGH NOISE GENERATION 187 SAFEGUARDS TO REDUCE THE OCCUPATIONAL RISK DUE TO HIGH NOISE 188 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 188 EMERGENCY CLASSIFICATION 189 LEVEL 1 EMERGENCY 189 LEVEL 2 EMERGENCY 189

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6.3.1.4 LEVEL 3 EMERGENCY 6.3.2 OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY OF DMP PREPARATION 6.3.2.1 OBJECTIVE 6.3.2.2 METHODOLOGY 6.3.3 VULNERABLE ZONE FOR PROPOSED THERMAL POWER PLANT 6.3.3.1 SITE MAIN CONTROLLER 6.3.3.2 THE SITE INCIDENT CONTROLLER TEAM 6.3.3.3 THE AUXILIARY TEAM 6.3.3.4 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SITE MAIN CONTROLLER (SMC) 6.3.3.5 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SITE INCIDENT CONTROLLER (SIC) 6.3.3.6 RESPONSIBILITIES OF AUXILIARY TEAM CONTROLLER (ATC) 6.3.3.7 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SIC SUPERVISORS 6.3.3.8 RESPONSIBILITIES OF ATC SUPERVISORS 6.3.3.9 MEDIA COORDINATOR 6.3.3.10 COMMUNICATION FUNCTION 6.3.3.11 MEDICAL FUNCTION 6.3.3.12 WARNING SYSTEM 6.3.3.13 EMERGENCY PLAN INITIATION 6.3.4 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 6.3.4.1 RAISING ALARM 6.3.4.2 DECLARING MAJOR EMERGENCY 6.3.4.3 TELEPHONE MESSAGES 6.3.4.4 COMMUNICATION OF EMERGENCY 6.3.4.5 CONTROL OF EMERGENCY 6.3.4.6 CONTROL ROOMS & PLANT SHUTDOWN 6.3.4.7 ALL CLEAR SIGNAL 6.3.4.8 ACTION ON PLANT 6.3.4.9 CO-RELATED ACTIVITIES 6.3.4.10 PRE-EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES 6.3.5 EMERGENCY TIME ACTIVITIES 6.3.6 POST- EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES 6.3.7 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN 6.3.7.1 NEED OF THE OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN 6.3.7.2 LEGAL AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR OFF-SITE EMERGENCY RESPONSE 6.3.7.3 ROLE OF PLANT MANAGEMENT 6.3.7.4 ROLE OF EMERGENCY CO-ORDINATION OFFICER 6.3.7.5 ROLE OF THE LOCAL AUTHORITIES 6.3.7.6 ROLE OF FIRE AUTHORITIES 6.3.7.7 ROLE OF THE POLICE & EVACUATION AUTHORITIES 6.3.7.8 ROLE OF HEALTH AUTHORITIES 6.3.7.9 ROLE OF THE "MUTUAL AID" AGENCIES 6.3.7.10 ROLE OF THE FACTORY DIRECTORATE 6.3.7.11 ROLE OF TELEPHONE DEPARTMENT CHAPTER 7: BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT 7.1 NEED OF THE PROJECT 7.2 GENERAL BENEFITS

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7.3 SOCIAL BENEFITS 211 7.4 TECHNOLOGICAL BENEFITS 212 CHAPTER 8: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.1 INTRODUCTION 213 8.2 MANAGING IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION STAGE 213 8.3 SOURCES OF POLLUTION DURING OPERATION STAGE 218 8.4 PROPOSED POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM DURING OPERATION STAGE 219 8.4.1 STACKS 222 8.4.2 ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR (ESP) 222 8.4.3 FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION (FGD) 222 8.4.4 COAL HANDLING SYSTEM 222 8.4.5 COOLING SYSTEM 222 8.4.6 D M PLANT REGENERATION WASTE 223 8.4.7 GUARD POND 223 8.4.8 SEWAGE TREATMENT 223 8.5 ASH HANDLING SYSTEM 223 8.5.1 BOTTOM ASH HANDLING SYSTEM 223 8.5.2 FLY ASH HANDLING SYSTEM 223 8.5.3 ASH SLURRY DISPOSAL SYSTEM 224 8.5.4 ASH UTILIZATION 224 8.5.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 225 8.5.6 STUDY ZONES FOR MARKET SURVEY 225 8.5.7 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR THE MARKET SURVEY 225 8.5.8 MAJOR FIELD SURVEY FINDINGS AND BASIS FOR DEMAND PROJECTIONS FOR DRY FLY ASH AND BOTTOM ASH 225 8.6 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PROJECT 230 8.7 GROUNDWATER RECHARGE 235 8.8 PASTURE LAND DEVELOPMENT 235 8.9 HERBAL GARDEN DEVELOPMENT 237 238 8.10 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY 8.10.1 PROJECT AREA PROFILE 239 8.10.2 SITUATION ANALYSIS 239 239 8.10.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 8.10.4 PROJECT COMPONENTS 239 8.10.5 ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES 243 8.10.6 WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT 244 8.10.7 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 245 8.10.8 AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT 246 8.10.9 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION IN NON-FARM SECTOR 247 8.10.10 WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT 247 8.10.11 IMPLEMENTATION OF CSR PLAN 248 8.10.12 BUDGET 250 8.10.13 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FOR SPEGPL – A MODEL 250 8.11 INSTITUTIONAL SETUP FOR EMP 251 8.12 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET 253

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LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1.1 TABLE 1.2 TABLE 1.3 TABLE 2.1 TABLE 2.2 TABLE 2.3 TABLE 3.1 TABLE 3.2 TABLE 3.3 TABLE 3.4 TABLE 3.5 TABLE 3.6 TABLE 3.7 TABLE 3.8(A)

LIST OF CONSULTANT 1 ALL INDIA INSTALLED CAPACITY POWER PLANTS IN MW 5 TERMS OF REFERENCE APPROVED BY MOEF AND COMPLIANCE STATUS 6 PROJECT AT A GLANCE 18 COAL ANALYSIS 25 FUEL ANALYSIS 26 GEOLOGICAL DETAILS OF THE PROPOSED SITE AREA 39 LITHOLOGY OF THE PROPOSED SITE AREA 40 DETAILS OF SOIL QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS 403 ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF SOIL QUALITY 44 DETAILS OF SOIL ANALYSIS FOR SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM SITE 45 MONTHLY AVERAGE OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA (MARCH-MAY, 2010) 47 LIST OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS 48 CONCENTRATION OF RESPIRABLE SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER (PM10) IN AIR SAMPLES 49 TABLE 3.8(B) CONCENTRATION OF FINE PARTICULATE MATTER (PM 2.5) IN AIR SAMPLES 50 TABLE 3.8(C) CONCENTRATION OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE IN AIR SAMPLES 51 TABLE 3.8(D) CONCENTRATION OF OXIDES OF NITROGEN IN AIR SAMPLES 52 TABLE 3.8(E) CONCENTRATION OF OZONE (O3) IN AIR SAMPLES 53 TABLE 3.9 DETAILS OF NOISE MONITORING STATIONS 55 TABLE 3.10 LEQ DB (A) VALUES (DAY & NIGHT) 55 TABLE 3.11 ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLES 58 TABLE 3.12(A) BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND IN SURFACE WATER SAMPLES 62 TABLE 3.12(B) CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND IN SURFACE WATER SAMPLES 63 TABLE 3.13 CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SURFACE WATER SAM 63 TABLE:3.14 RESULTS OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY MONITORING (MARCH – MAY 2010) 67 TABLE 3.15 AREA STATISTICS OF LAND USE/ LAND COVER MAP 71 TABLE 3.16 FOREST AREA WITHIN 10KM RADIUS FROM THE PROJECT SITE 73 77 TABLE 3.17 ASSESSMENT OF FLORA TABLE 3.18 FLORA OF THE PROJECT AREA 78 TABLE 3.19 MEDICINAL PLANTS AND USAGES 81 83 TABLE 3.20 SPECIES OF AVIFAUNA WITH HIGH POPULATION TABLE 3.21 LIST OF BIRDS DWELLING IN THE AREA 85 TABLE 3.22 LIST OF WILDLIFE DWELLING IN THE AREA 88 TABLE 3.23 PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN COASTAL WATERS 92 TABLE 3.24 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES CALCULATED FOR STATIONS 1-10 94 TABLE 3.25 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES CALCULATED FOR STATIONS 1-10 94 TABLE 3.26 BENTHIC COMMUNITY DIVERSITY INDICES CALCULATED FOR STATIONS 1-10 AND IB 1-395 TABLE 3.27 LIST OF FISH DWELLING IN THE COASTAL AREA 97 TABLE 3.28 POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD INFORMATION 100 TABLE 3.29 SCHEDULED CASTE AND SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULATION 102 TABLE 3.30(A) WORK PARTICIPATION RATES 105 TABLE 3.31 LIST OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES AVAILABLE IN THE VILLAGES 107 TABLE 4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS 110 TABLE 4.2 FUEL COMBUSTION DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 111

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TABLE 4.3

STACK AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS FOR SPEGPL THERMAL POWER PROJECT (2 X 660 MW) 119

TABLE 4.4 TABLE 4.5 TABLE 4.6

MIXING HEIGHT DATA USED FOR MODELING 120 FIRST 10 MAXIMUM 24 HOURLY INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATION 121 RESULTANT MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION AFTER COMMISSIONING OF THE PROJECT AT THE AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS 123 EXPECTED NOISE LEVELS FROM DIFFERENT UNIT OF POWER PLANT 127 BREAKUP OF WATER REQUIREMENT 130 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS LIKELY TO ACCRUE DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 145 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS LIKELY TO ACCRUE DURING PROJECT OPERATION PHASE 147 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 149 OPERATION PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 151 LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 152 VILLAGES WITHIN 10KM RADIUS OF PROPOSED SITE 154 DETAILS OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TO BE STORED AT PROPOSED POWER PLANT 177 CODED SIREN FOR EMERGENCY DECLARATION 197 ENERGY DEMAND AND SHORTAGE APRIL 2008 TO JANUARY 2009 210 MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING CONSTRUCTION STAGE216 MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURING OPERATION STAGE 220 SPECIFICATION FOR PLANTATION 231 NUMBER OF TREES TO BE PLANTED UNDER GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT 231 SPECIES SUGGESTED FOR GREENBELT ALONG BOUNDARY 232 BUDGET FOR GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT 235 SPECIES SUGGESTED FOR PLANTATION IN HERBAL GARDEN 237 SECTOR-WISE PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS 241 PROJECT TEAM AND ITS WORKING 248 BUDGET FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF CSR ACTIVITIES (TILL MAY 2015) 250 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGET 254

TABLE 4.7 TABLE 4.8 TABLE 4.9 TABLE 4.10 TABLE 5.1 TABLE 5.2 TABLE 5.3 TABLE 6.1 TABLE 6.2 TABLE 6.3 TABLE 7.1 TABLE 8.1 TABLE 8.2 TABLE 8.3 TABLE 8.4 TABLE 8.5 TABLE 8.6 TABLE 8.7 TABLE 8.8 TABLE 8.9 TABLE 8.10 TABLE 8.11

FIGURE 2.1 FIGURE 2.2 FIGURE 2.3 FIGURE 2.4 FIGURE 2.5 FIGURE 2.6 FIGURE 3.1 FIGURE 3.2 FIGURE 3.3 FIGURE 3.4 FIGURE 3.5 FIGURE 3.6 FIGURE 3.7 FIGURE 3.8 FIGURE 3.9 FIGURE 3.10

LIST OF FIGURES LOCATION MAP PLANT LAYOUT SITE BOUNDARY COORDINATES GOOGLE MAP SHOWING INTAKE POINT AND MARINE OUTFALL PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR POWER PLANT COAL FLOW DIAGRAM MAP SHOWING STUDY AREA WITHIN 10KM RADIUS CHART SHOWING THE SOIL CLASSIFICATION WINROSE DIAGRAM FOR VERAVEL PROJECT SITE SPECIFIC WINDROSE DIAGRAM FOR THE MONTHS OF MARCH – MAY 2010 MAP SHOWING LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR/NOISE QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS MAP OF EXISTING WELL IN THE PROJECT SITE WATER CONTOUR MAP OF PROJECT SITE DRAINAGE CONTOUR MAP OF PROJECT SITE MAP SHOWING LOCATION OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS MAP SHOWING LOCATION OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS

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FIGURE 3.11

FIGURE 6.23 FIGURE 6.24 FIGURE 6.25 FIGURE 6.26 FIGURE 8.1 FIGURE 8.2

MAP SHOWING LANDUSE PATTERN WITHIN 10KM RADIUS OF THE PROJECT AREA AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE IN VILLAGES COMPARED TO DISTRICT SEX RATIO VARIANCE OF THE VILLAGES LITERACY VARIATION AMONG THE VILLAGES SC & ST POPULATION VARIATION AVERAGE PERCENTAGES OF MAIN, MARGINAL AND NON WORKERS CATEGORIES OF WORKERS (AVERAGE PERCENTAGES OVER ALL VILLAGES) LAND USE CLASSIFICATION IN STUDY AREA 24 HOURLY MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN µG/M3 24 HOURLY MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION OF SULPHUR DI OXIDE IN µG/M3 24 HOURLY MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION OF SPM IN µG/M3 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM LOCATIONS OF INTAKE POINT AND MARINE OUTFALL LOCATION OF GIR FOREST RESPONDENT’S RELATIONSHIP TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD BY VILLAGE NUMBER OF YEARS OF RESIDENCE IN PRESENT VILLAGE TYPE OF GOVERNMENT ID OWNED BY RESPONDENT GENDER DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD HEADS AGE STRUCTURE OF HOUSEHOLD HEADS OCCUPATION OF THE HOUSEHOLD HEADS EDUCATION OF THE HOUSEHOLD HEAD SOCIAL CATEGORY OF THE HOUSEHOLDS NUMBER OF TOTAL FAMILY MEMBERS IN THE HOUSEHOLD ANNUAL INCOME OF THE HOUSEHOLDS SOURCE INCOME OF HOUSEHOLD ANNUAL SAVINGS OF HOUSEHOLD TYPE OF RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURE LIVESTOCK OWNED BY TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD ITEMS OWNED PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN IN THE HOUSEHOLD (TOTAL) PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS POSSESSING AGRICULTURAL LAND SIZE OF AGRICULTURAL LAND OWNED BY RESPONDENTS MARKET VALUE OF AGRICULTURAL LAND OWNED BY RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS SHOWING AWARENESS OF THE PROJECT MAIN SOURCES OF INFORMATION REGARDING THE PROJECT RESPONDENTS’ VIEW ON WHETHER THE PROJECT WILL BRING ECONOMIC BENEFIT RADIATION VS DISTANCE FOR LATE POOL FIRE FOR LDO RADIUS FOR LATE POOL FIRE FOR LDO RADIATION VS DISTANCE FOR LATE POOL FIRE FOR HFO INTENSITY RADIUS FOR LATE POOL FIRE FOR HFO LOCATION OF GREENBELT INSTITUTIONAL SETUP FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

ANNEX 1.1 ANNEX 3.1 ANNEX 3.1 (A)

LIST OF ANNEXES PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) GUIDELINES FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING AMBIENT AIR QULAITY DATA

FIGURE 3.12 FIGURE 3.13 FIGURE 3.14 FIGURE 3.15 FIGURE 3.16 FIGURE 3.17 FIGURE 3.18 FIGURE 4.1 FIGURE 4.2 FIGURE 4.3 FIGURE 4.4 FIGURE 4.5 FIGURE 4.6 FIGURE 6.1 FIGURE 6.2 FIGURE 6.3 FIGURE 6.4 FIGURE 6.5 FIGURE 6.6 FIGURE 6.7 FIGURE 6.8 FIGURE 6.9 FIGURE 6.10 FIGURE 6.11 FIGURE 6.12 FIGURE 6.13 FIGURE 6.14 FIGURE 6.15 FIGURE 6.16 FIGURE 6.17 FIGURE 6.18 FIGURE 6.19 FIGURE 6.20 FIGURE 6.21 FIGURE 6.22

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ANNEX 3.2 ANNEX 3.3 ANNEX 3.4 ANNEX 3.5 ANNEX 3.6 ANNEX 3.7 ANNEX 4.1 ANNEX 6.1 ANNEX 8.1

PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATION ZOOPLANKTON POPULATION SUB-TIDAL AND INTER TIDAL BENTHIC POPULATION INTER TIDAL FAUNAL POPULATION BACTERIAL POPULATION IN COASTAL WATERS MARINE FISH PRODUCTION IN JUNAGADH DISTRICT ISOPLETHS OF SOX, NOX AND SPM LIST OF LANDOWNERS SPECIES SUGGESTED FOR PLANTATION

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page i Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0

Introduction M/s Shapoorji Pallonji Energy (Gujarat) Pvt. Ltd (SPEGPL) proposes to install 2 x 660 MW imported coal based Thermal Power Plant (TPP) using supercritical technology in villages Kaj-Nanavada in Kodinar taluka of Junagarh district Gujarat. The proposed project is covered under Category A of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification – 2006 and requires an Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). Terms of Reference for the proposed power plant were approved by MoEF vide letter dated 24th May 2010. EIA was carried out by a consortium of consultants based on extensive field work and published data. EIA study aimed at assessment of existing environmental conditions, impact of the proposed project on the environment, and developing environmental management plan so as to mitigate adverse impacts. The present Summary has been prepared as per guidelines provided in EIA Notification Appendix IIIA.

2.0

Project Description Location The boundary of the proposed TPP falls between latitude from 20o44’ 26.43” to 20o45’43.70” North and longitude from 70o 48’34.27” to 70o50’ 02.38” East. The nearest railway station Kodinar is 17 Km from the site by road. The nearest airport is at Diu at a distance of about 50 km by road from the project site. About 340 ha of land for the TPP and about 25 ha land for coal/water pipe corridor will be purchased through negotiations with the land owners. Entire plant site is outside CRZ limits. However, intake well, pumphouse, outfall and initial portion of coal conveyor pipes will be within CRZ limits. These activities are permitted in CRZ area as per CRZ Rules 2011. Application for relevant permissions is under process. Process The proposed TPP will comprise 2 x 660 MW boiler and turbines, with matching coal handling facilities; sea water intake and treated effluent outfall into sea, desalination plant, ash management system, and ancillary infrastructure and utilities. The power evacuation will be done through two numbers of 400 kV double

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page ii Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

circuit lines. Each generator shall be connected to the 400 kV switchyard through its associated step-up Generator Transformer (GT). Supercritical technology has been selected for the boilers. This technology will facilitate higher efficiency around 41%. Air pollution load will be lower than the conventional technology. The firing system would employ latest low NOX burners. The proposed TPP will use imported coal with minimum gross calorific value 5000 Kcal/Kg and maximum sulphur content 0.7 %. Ash coneten in the coal will be less than 10 %. The annual coal requirement will be 4.5 Million Tons. The coal for the proposed TPP will be transported by closed pipe conveyor from the proposed port n e a r Chhara -Sarakhedi villages through dedicated coal-water pipeline corridor. Light diesel oil (LDO) for boiler start up and heavy fuel oil (HFO) for low load operation and flame stabilization will be used. The air emissions after passing through Electro Static Precipitator of efficiency 99.94% will be discharged through chimney of height 275 m. This will ensure high level dispersion of residual pollutants and will minimize addition to existing level of air pollutants. The proposed TPP will use sea water for meeting water requirements during operational phase. Total sea water requirement is estimated at 13,193 m3/hr. National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) and M/s Indomer Coastal Hydraulics Pvt Ltd have carried out modeling studies for deciding the water intake and effluent outfall points. They have recommended submerged type intake well of 10m diameter at water depth of -9.0 meter below Chart Datum. The location of intake point is at 20042’ 54” N: 70044’ 54.5” E about 585 meters inside the sea. Recommended outfall location is 20042’ 47.3” N 70045’ 46.3” E and at water depth of -8.0 to -8.5 meter below Chart Datum located on the Eastern side of the intake well. The distance between intake well and the outfall is 1500 meters. The bottom ash falling from the boiler furnace shall be conveyed to clinker grinders by means of scraper chain conveyor. Each bottom ash hopper outlet will be equipped with hydraulic operated hopper isolation gate. Hopper will have capacity to hold ash for four hours. At the discharge end of scrapper chain conveyor a clinker grinder will be provided. Bottom ash clinkers after crushing shall be transported continuously to the Bottom Ash slurry sump through slurry trenches. Flushing apparatus will be employed for coarse ash handling. From economizer hoppers coarse ash will flow to respective bottom ash slurry sump through pipe. Coarse ash slurry and bottom ash slurry will DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page iii Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

accumulate in slurry sump and will be further transported to the common dewatering bins through slurry pumping system. Economiser ash will be evacuated continuously. Two Intermediate surge Hopper will be provided for two boiler units. Fly ash from ESP hoppers will be conveyed pneumatically to the ash silos in dry form. It will be utilized as per rules. Unutilized fly ash will be disposed in ash pond as slurry form. Pollution Control Measures The Boilers will be provided with high efficiency electrostatic precipitators (ESP) to control particulate matter in flue gas to a maximum exit concentration of 50 mg/Nm3. Gaseous emissions shall be widely dispersed using 275 m tall stack. Coal yard will be provided with dust suppression system which would spray water on the coal piles. The Coal yard would have a drainage system to drain out rainwater & collect in a runoff pond. Dust extraction (bag filters) / suppression system at all coal transfer points, viz. crusher house, junction towers etc. will be provided. The oil from unloading and pumping areas and drainage will be recovered by recovery pump and sent back to the oil tanks. 3.0

Description of Environment Study for establishing status of baseline environment in area covering 10 km radial distance around project site was carried out during 1st March – 31st May 2010. Physical Environment The site is fairly plain topography having a natural gradient from west to east and sloping towards south (max 13 msl and min 2 msl contours at project site). The study area is characterized with brown soil, muddy clay, clayey and silty sand, Miliolite limestone and Gaj formations. The geological and lithological studies at site have been carried out by M.S. University, Baroda. The alluvium deposits were found to be of fairly recent age and only 5 to 20 m in thickness. Transmissibility and permeability of certain regions is fairly high due to the cavernous nature of the rocks present (mainly Miliolite limestone. The soils sampled from the area comprise 40% clay, 45% sand and balance silt. The CEC (cation exchange capacity) ranges from 0.011meq/100gm to 0.0272meq/100gm. The sodium content in soil is fairly

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page iv Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

high with the sodium absorption ratio (SAR) varying from 0.7mg/kg to 2.81 mg/kg. The organic carbon content was found ranging from 0.92% to 1.78% by mass. Air and Noise Environment The climate of the area is hot and dry for most part of the year. Daytime temperatures are high which are cooled by the sea breeze during evening. The predominant wind direction is from NNW followed by WNW. Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in the study area at six locations. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, O3, and mercury levels were analyzed and found to be below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), 2009. Mercury and Arsenic was not detected in any of the samples. The ambient noise levels in the six villages were found to be within the acceptable limits (residential area). The average noise level for day time is ranges between 48 dB (A) and 50 dB(A) whereas the nighttime average noise level ranges from 39 dB(A) to 42 dB(A). Water Environment Singhwadi River, Somat and Rupan Nadi are the three streams present in the study area. The streams do not pass through the project site. M/s Indomer Coastal Hydraulics (P) Limited, Chennai has carried out marine environmental impact assessment. In seawater the observed pH ranges from 8.10 - 8.24. Rest of the parameters did not show much variation and were found to be within normal range. The BOD and COD levels indicate a fairly well mixed water column at the coast. Heavy metals like Cadmium, Mercury, Lead and Chromium levels are well below the permissible limit. Presence of phenolic compounds and petroleum hydrocarbons were also found to be within the permissible limit. The groundwater in the area is accessed mainly through about 50 open wells. The water table depth varies from 2 to 8 m. Groundwater samples were collected at 6 locations from nearby villages, namely – Chhara, Sarakhari, Kob, Nanawada, Valen and Kaj. Test results indicate that all of the parameters are found to be well within the prescribed limits. Heavy metals and total coliform were not detected in the groundwater samples. Land use Pattern The land use pattern at the proposed site has been studied from satellite images. 52.04% of the land use of study area falls under cultivation. The main crop in the district is cotton, followed by Bajra, Jowar and Sugarcane. 18.56 % area is covered with sea. Salt pans covers 6.18% area, open DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page v Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

scrubs 5.77%, rivers 4.70% and sparse vegetation 3.26% on mud flats, 2.38% in sandy areas, 2.10% within habituated area. Biological Environment The study area consists of tropical dry deciduous, northern tropical thorn & littoral and swamp forests. Four Reserve Forests and five patches of unclassified forests are present in the study area. The nearest reserved forest is located 1.5 km from the project site at Nanawada. Primary flora survey of the area was conducted in the vicinity of the Nanawada and Kaj villages. Shrubs are the dominant perennial species of this area, represented mainly by Ganda Baval (Prosopis juliflora), Aakado (Calotropis procera & Calotropis gigantea), Chani Bor (Zizyphus nummularia), Ketki (Agave americana), Fafdo Thor (Opuntia sp), Thor (Euphorbia nivulia) Kerdo (Capparis deciduas) and Lantana (Lantana camara). Study of the fauna in the area revealed that many migratory bird species frequented this area during winter season. Kaj - Nanavada wetland is located near the site, which has come into existence due to natural delta formation and construction of earthen bund to store fresh river water. During winter season, resident and migratory birds like Seagulls, Pelican, Flamingo, etc. visit this place. This wetland also serves as a source of irrigation for the villagers. Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga) and Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliacal) are two vulnerable species present in this area. Marine biodiversity study of the area also shows good primary and secondary productivity comprising adequate phytoplankton primary productivity, zooplankton and other species diversity. Among fishes, commercially important species like Ophisthopterus tardoore, Arius sp., Cynoglossus sp., Lutjanus sp., Johnius sp., and Epinephelus sp were found. Villages of Velan, Madhwad, Kotada, Kob primarily depended on fishing for their livelihood. Socio-economic & Cultural Environment The literacy rate of study area is 59.9%. Gender ratio is 0.99. The variation in the percentage of SC population in the area is quite high with the minimum of 0% to a maximum of 81.5% (in Nanawada village). On the other hand, the ST population is mostly less than 2%, with an exception of 6.2% at Fafni Nani (population-wise the smallest village) alone. More than 75% of the population residing in the region depends on agriculture for livelihood. DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page vi Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

4.0

Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Air Quality Construction phase will generate fugitive dust emission which will be controlled by water sprinking. The proposed TPP will have only one stack with two flues. Imported coal will contain maximum sulphur content of 0.7% and maximum ash content of 10%. The maximum coal consumption rate for 1320 MW plant is 511 TPH. The stack height will be 275 m . ISCST3 model has been used to predict the air pollution impacts from proposed project with respect to SO2, NOx and PM. Maximum 24 hourly incremental GLC of PM has been predicted as 0.96 µg/m3 at about 3.0 km downwind distance. The maximum 24 hourly incremental concentration of SO2 and NOx is predicted as 28.12 µg/m3 and 12.47 µg/m3 respectively. The maximum GLC would occur at about 3-4 km downwind distance in east / south east direction. It has been ensured that during the plant operation the ambient air quality would remain well within the prescribed NAAQS for residential, rural and other areas. Noise Environment Use of heavy plant and machinery will result in noise. The construction activities are scheduled to complete in 44 months. The noise impacts during construction phase are temporary. The noise impact would be localized to construction workers during their duty hours. These will be mitigated to through use of personal protective equipment (PPEs) like ear muffs/plugs etc. During operation phase, the stationary noise sources are Boilers, Steam Turbine generators, Compressors, Pumps, Coal crushers etc. and mobile sources like vehicular traffic. The noise generation at source from major equipment will be restricted to 85 dB(A) through purchase specifications. The cumulative noise impact has been predicted and the impact of noise outside the proposed project premises would be insignificant. The incremental noise level at the nearest village Nanawada located about 1.5km will be less than 1 dB(A). The noise levels would remain within the prescribed ambient noise standard for residential area. The occupational noise exposure to the workers will be maintained well within the prescribed OSHA standard limits / Factories Act by providing noise proof duty cabins, acoustically treated TG building and also by using ear plugs.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page vii Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

Water Environment The estimated total seawater requirement for proposed 1320 MW TPP is 13193 m3/h. The major part of the total seawater will be utilized for cooling water makeup. Desalination plant based on reverse osmosis (RO) system shall be installed to produce 1885 m3/h desalinated water for feed to DM plant, service water, air conditioning purposes, fire water make-up, coal and ash handling system, potable use and for greenbelt development. The cooling tower blow-down (7660 m3/hr) and Reverse Osmosis reject (1225 m3/hr) will be disposed to the sea. The proposed re-circulating / closed condenser cooling system using sea water and natural draft cooling towers would prevent thermal impact on receiving water body. Nonchromate / poly phosphate based shall be use as anti fouling / scaling reagents will be used in cooling water system. No Groundwater will be used in operation of the proposed project. The proposed spread channel will contribute to groundwater recharge in the area through seepage . Land Environment The proposed site is on coastal flat terrain wherein most of the land is agriculture but non-forest. The environmental pollution impacts during construction phase would be temporary and are expected to gradually become zereo by the time of commissioning of proposed project. During operation phase, total ash generation has been estimated as 51.08 TPH (1,226 TPD), out of which fly ash (80%) would be 40.86TPH (981TPD) and bottom ash (20%) would be 10TPH ( 245TPD). It is proposed to collect dry fly ash from ESP hoppers in dry form and supplied to ash users. The balance unutilized ash (mostly bottom ash and some fly ash) will be disposed in ash disposal pond. The ash pond will be provided with HDPE lining to prevent any chance of leaching. Spent oils, lubricants and oily sludges will be sold to the potential users after obtaining authorization from GPCB. Sludge will be generated from seawater clarification, effluent and sewage treatment plant. The sludge will be dried in thickener/ centrifuge and then in sludge drying beds, It will be finally disposed in ash pond. Commercial garbage generation will be less than 1 TPD. It will be sorted for recyclable, inert and biodegradabale waste. Recyclable waste will be sold to kabadis. Inert waste will be used as landfill material. Biodegradable waste will be composted. 33% land area will be developed as greenbelt. Locally available plant species will be used as greenbelt. DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page viii Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

Biological Environment The proposed project will not result in disturbance or displacement of any native faunal species. As a result of adoption of efficient power generation and pollution control technologies environmental pollution impact from proposed project is expected to be insignificant. 100 m wide greenbelt will be developed all along the plant premises. This permanent vegetative cover will be useful for attracting avifauna leading to improved biodiversity and richness in the microflora and fauna (microecosystem). The impacts on marine ecology due to intake and outfall will be minimized by adopting the recommendations of NIO and Indomer. The effluents will meet the prescribed discharge standards. Socio-Economic Environment The proposed project will result in generation of employment opportunities during both construction and operation phases. This will have triggering effect on overall development of the area. Overall Impact Shapoorji Pallonji Group has reputation of over 140 years as responsible and caring organization. The Group will strive to improve upon the reputation through pursuing inclusive sustainable development of the people and environment of the area. 5.0

Environmental Monitoring Plan Environment Management Department will be created so that monitoring of routine environmental quality parameters could be done during the construction and operation stage of the plant. A well maintained scientific laboratory having all necessary equipment / instrument will be maintained at the TPP site. Qualified staff will be recruited in the Environment Management Department. Head of the EMD will directly report to the Chief Executive Officer of the plant. Construction phase monitoring of important environmental attributes such as air, noise, water quality, soil quality, and marine ecology will be conducted. The environmental monitoring will be carried out as per the GPCB guidelines. Operation Phase monitoring for environmental attributes such as meteorology, air quality (ambient as well as stack), noise quality, groundwater, surface water quality, soils, terrestrial ecology, marine ecology will be carried out as per the GPCB guidelines.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page ix Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

6.0

Additional Studies Social Impact Assessment The 10 km radial distance impact zone of the proposed project falls in two talukas namely Kodinar and Una of Junagarh district, Gujarat. The nearest villages to the proposed TPP are Nanawada, Kaj and Jantrakhadi, all in Kodinar Taluka. Primary survey of social, infrastructure and economic structure of the study area was conducted by undertaking field surveys. Public meeting was organized in Nanawada and Kaj villages. Out of total 340 ha of land, about 331 ha private agricultural land and 9 ha government land is being purchased by the SPEGPL. No residential areas will be disturbed due to the proposed site. SPEGPL has allocated 0.4% of the total project cost [Rs. 73350 crores ] for various CSR activities. Risk Assessment Even though risks from the proposed TPP are not significant, with a view to develop worst case scenario scientific risk assessment has been carried out. Fire and Explosion hazards are computed for different fuel storage and handling facilities at proposed project. As per the criteria, the LDO and HFO storage and handling facilities at proposed project fall in light category of degree of hazards. The accidental release of LDO and HFO from the storage facilities have been studied by building various probable scenarios on the basis of their properties and the effects. The worst possible scenarios are then calculated in terms of damage distances. The results (damage contours) are plotted on proposed plot plan in order to visualize magnitude and extent of consequence. The consequence analysis results indicate that the maximum distance for 4 kW/m2 thermal radiation is 73.1 m under stability class D (3 m/s). The 4 kW/m2 thermal radiation will cause first degree burn for 10 sec. exposure to people within the plant premises. There will not be any risk to people outside the plant area. Release of LDO/HFO due to leak in storage tanks may lead to formation of a pool and depending on availability of ignition source may cause pool fire. This scenario was visualized by considering different leak sizes of 25 mm and 50 mm and catastrophic rupture of storage tank for various heat loads 37.5 kW/m², 12.5 kW/m² and 4.0 kW/m² under the weather stability conditions of 2F, 3D and 5D. The damage distances due to catastrophic rupture of LDO storage tank for the heat load of 4.0 kW/m² are predicted as

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page x Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

42.31 m, 44.13 m and 47.86 m corresponding to different weather conditions. There will not be any risk to people outside the plant area. Disaster Management Plan (DMP) has been prepared to conform to the requirements of the provisions of the Factories Act and guidelines issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, - Manufacture, Import and Storage of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 2000 Schedule II and notifications issued by Chief Inspectors of Factories from time to time. Risk mitigation measures proposed for this power plant project are as follows:

7.0

•

Fire prevention and relevant code enforcement will be one of the major responsibilities of CEO.

•

Periodic maintenance of all protective and safety equipment.

•

Periodical training/awareness programmes will be undertaken for the benefit of work force at the project as refresh courses to handle any emergency situation.

•

Periodic mock drills will be conducted so as to check the alertness and efficiency of the DMP and corresponding records will be maintained.

•

Sign boards including emergency phone numbers and no smoking signs will be installed at all appropriate locations.

•

Plant will have suitable fire proof communication system.

•

All major units/equipment will be provided with smoke/fire detection and alarm system.

Benefits of the Project The power project will bridge the demand supply gap of electricity in India. It will create direct employment to 400 persons and indirect employment to about 500 persons. The economic activity of the entire area will improve due to market multiplier effect. CSR activities proposed by SP Group will help improving basic infrastructure facilities and amenities such as village Roads, Street lighting, Potable Drinking Water Supply, Soak Pit Latrines and common Public Conveniences, Health, Primary and Secondary Schools/Colleges in the area.

8.0

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) EMP has been devised to offset/reduce/eliminate intensity of impacts arising from the construction phase and operation phase of the project.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page xi Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

Construction Phase Construction phase EMP has been devised to addressed the issues of construction site, labour camps, workers health and safety, health and hygiene of surrounding areas of construction sites, particularly the sanitary facilities and truck parking. Dust suppression measures, good housekeeping measures and greenery development measures have been suggested. Ash Management Plan Fly ash will be separated from the flue gas and collected in air heater hoppers, economizer hoppers, and electrostatic precipitator hoppers. A complete pneumatic pressure conveying system is envisaged. The pressurized conveying system will deliver the fly ash to fly ash silo. Ash from intermediate hoppers will be conveyed to fly ash silo for taking out separately for further use. Ash from the fly ash silo will given for utilization. A market survey was carried out in study zone -1 (100 km radius from the proposed TPP comprising Junagarh district) for entire market survey and study zone 2 (300 Km from radius of the proposed TPP comprising districts of Junagarh and Amreli) for collecting details on major cement plants. Large capacity Cement Plants are, namely, Gujarat Ambuja, Gujarat Sidhee Cement Ltd, and Ultratech Cement Plants producing PPC and OPC located 300km from the proposed TPP. Two new plants, namely Binani Cement (50Km from the proposed TPP) and Heidelberg Cement India Ltd. (about 100km from the proposed TPP) with a total capacity of 45 lakhs TPA are being installed to produce PPC. The cement plants are willing to make long term Agreements with proposed TPP for procurement of Dry Fly ash on regular basis. They have also indicated their desire to procure 100% of their DFA requirement from proposed plant due to its proximity. The study has indicated that the fly ash generated in the TPP will be easily utilized by the existing cement manufactures. In addition to cement industries, other potential users in different sectors such as brick manufacturing, upcoming roads and highway projects etc have been identified. Green Belt Development With a view to attenuate air pollution, to resist noise propagation and uptake of treated effluent, a 100m wide green belt all along the periphery of TPP will be developed as pper norms. In addition to this, afforestion and bio-diversity improvement programmes in the surrounding villages has been prepared. DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page xii Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Executive Summary Revision : R0

Corporate Social Responsibility Various activities are envisaged for the improvement of the area, namely, Health Camps, School Infrastructure Improvement, PHC Infrastructure Support, Crematorium / Road Improvement, Water Supply Units, Support for Community Halls, support to fishermen, Water Resource Development, Productivity Enhancement in Animal Husbandry, Productivity Enhancement in Agriculture, Pasture Land Development, Income Generation Assistance for Landless, Youth & Women, Educational Assistance to Students from EWS, Training & Capacity Building, Establishing School, Establishing ITI, Establishing Mobile Hospital, Establishing Mobile Vet Facility, EcoImprovement programs, Scholarship for students and Fishermen endowment Funds. A provision of an amount of Rs. 29.6 Crore is kept in the budget. Environmental Management Department (EMD) EMD will be established to monitor and implement various environmental mitigation measures. Head of EMD will report to the CEO of the Plant. EMD shall be responsible for implementation of EMP related actions EMD will monitor the implementation of the EMP provisions at site and will prepare the audit report. Scientists and Engineers will supervise the departmental activities. Environmental Budget Capital cost provision of about Rs. 10,66,05,000 (Ten Crore, Sixty Six Lakh, Five Thousand only) has been allocated for implementation of environmental management plan. The budgetary cost estimate for greenbelt development, environmental monitoring, training & mobilization and groundwater recharge, Risk Mitigation measures and Occupational Health & Safety are also included in the environmental budget.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page 1 Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Chapter 1 : Introduction Revision : R0

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION 1.1

Preamble M/s Shapoorji Pallonji Energy (Gujarat) Pvt. Ltd. (SPEGPL) proposes to establish 2 x 660 MW imported coal based Thermal Power Project (TPP) using super critical technology near Kaj and Nanavada villages in Kodinar Taluka of Junagadh District, Gujarat. The proposed project requires environmental clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) as per the EIA Notification of September 14, 2006 and its subsequent amendments. This draft EIA report has been prepared in compliance with the TOR issued by MOEF vide letter No. J13012/100/2009-IA. II (T) dated May 24, 2010. The work for present EIA study has been carried out by consortium of consultants and experts as listed in Table 1.1.

Table: 1.1

List of Consultant

Sr.No .

Organization

Lead Consultant

Scope

1.

DCPL, Kolkata

DPR including Optimization of Land Requirement, Zero Discharge

2.

EMTRC Consultants Private Limited, Delhi

Dr J K Moitra

Review and finalization of EIA Study CRZ Clearance

3.

Consulting Engineering Services, Delhi

S A Naqvi

Ajeet Prasad

EIA Report preparation,

Tirthankar Banerjee Baseline Data Collection :

• Ambient Air Quality, Noise Levels, Meteorology

• Water Quality, Soil Quality

Common Property Resources Impact Assessment Infrastructure impact assessment Greenbelt Development Plan

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Table: 1.1

Sr.No .

List of Consultant

Organization

Lead Consultant

Scope Development of EMP

Support Staff:

Dwaipayan Dutta Dr. Sumita Singhal Punit Lal Mahto Shatodeepa Biswas Dr Laxmi Rawat

Primary Survey of Flora & Fauna

NK Singh

Socio‐economic Study

Ms Indrani Goswami

Air Quality Modeling based on Met Data Collected at Site

S Majumdar

Land use Analysis based on Satellite Imagery

Vinod Gautam

Risk Assessment

4.

Sycom Projects Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

Vivek Hajela

Flyash Market Survey

5.

Anna University, Chennai

Director

CRZ Map for Project Site

6.

Institute of Environmental Studies & Wetland Management, Kolkata

Director

CRZ Map for Intake‐Outfall and Coal Corridor

7.

M S University, Baroda

Prof. A S Patel

Hydro‐geological Study Rainwater Harvesting Plan Ash pond leachate arrest plan

8.

Environment Management Centre, Mumbai

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Dr. Prasad Modak

Air Quality Modeling based on MM5 Data


Table: 1.1

Sr.No . 9.

List of Consultant

Organization

Lead Consultant

Scope

Indomer Coastal Hydraulics Pvt Ltd, Chennai

Dr. P Chandramohan

Marine Environment Impact Assessment based on Primary Data Location of Intake and Outfall based on Dispersion Modeling

10. National Institute of Dr. V S Naidu Oceanography, Mumbai

Marine Environment Impact Assessment based on Secondary Location of Intake and Outfall based on Dispersion Modeling

11. C S Dabke, Consultant

C S Dabke

Location of Seawater Intake and Outfall based on Structural Stability

12. BAIF / Gujarat Rural Institute for Socio‐ Economic Reconstruction Vadodara

Dr. N G Hegde/ Dr. Subodh Desai

Skill Assessment and Improvement Action Plan

13. Coastal Power Serives, Pune

Topography Survey

14. Groundwater and Mineral Investigation Consultancy Centre Pvt Ltd, Jaipur

S K Jain

Groundwater Status & Recharge Potential Study

15. Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, Bhuj

Dr. Wiesly Sunderraj

Eco‐mapping and Eco‐ conservation Plan

16. Natural Heritage Conservation Society, Gandhinagar

Dr. Bharat Jethva

Eco‐mapping and Eco‐ conservation Plan

17. Prakruti Nature Club, Kodinar

Dinesh Goswami

Promotion of Environmental Awareness in Kodinar

DRAFT FINAL REPORT


Table: 1.1

Sr.No .

List of Consultant

Organization

Lead Consultant

Scope

18. Institute of Rural Management, Anand*

Prof. Ajay Dandekar Skill assessment and Improvement programme in project affected area

19. General Carbon, Mumbai

Dr. Ram Babu

Preparation of PDD for CDM

20. BVCI, Mumbai

Mr. Sanjay Patankar

Validation of PDD

*Work in Progress

1.2

Project Proponent Shapoorji Pallonji & Co. Ltd (SPCL), with its corporate office in Mumbai, is over 140 years old construction giant. Blessed with a rich legacy and heritage, it has marched into the new millennium with modern management skills and state-of-the–art technology. Over the years, SPCL have built diverse civil and structural engineering masterpiece like factories, scientific and research establishments, stadium and auditorium, airports, hotels, hospitals, giant skyscrapers, housing complexes, townships, water treatment plants, roads, expressways, power plants and biotech facilities. As regards power sector, SPCL was involved in construction of 1100 MW of SUGEN Combined Cycle Power Plant at Surat in Gujarat, 105.66 MW Samalpatti Diesel Fired Power Plant in Dharmapuri district in Tamilnadu, 3 X 24 MW Hydro-Electric Plant for Tata’s at Khopoli in Maharashtra, 4 X 135 MW Power Plant for Balco at Korba in Chattisgarh. SPCL was also involved in the Construction of the Coal handling plant of 2 x 120 MW Thermal Power Plant for Tata Power. While SPCL is the flag bearer company in SP Group, the other renowned group companies include AFCONS, SP FAB, Eureka Forbes, SP Biotech Parks, Sterling Wilson, etc.

1.3

Proposed Project In the light of present policy of Government of India to permit participation of Private Entrepreneurs in power sector, SPEGPL has taken up initiative to install a 1320 MW (2 x 660 MW) power project in Gujarat. SPEPL is the project company of the SP group entrusted

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with responsibility of establishing and operation of power plant at Kaj – Nanawada. The Power Purchase Agreement was signed by SPEGPL with Gujarat Urja Vidyut Nigam Limited (GUVNL) on 14.5.2010. As per the agreement, SPEGPL is mandated to supply approx. 65% of power generated to GUVNL at fixed tariff. Supercritical technology will be adopted for this power plant. The power generated would be evacuated via 400 kV EHV switchyard of the station. 1.4

Project Justification With the growing demand in the power expansion for power generation is very much needed. During 2006 – 2009, gross capacity additions in Electricity Generation in the country are as follows:2006-2007

:

5093 MW

2007-2008

:

6485 MW

2008-2009

:

9620 MW

As on 31.01.2009, region wise and fuel wise break-up of All-India Installed Capacity in MW is shown in Table 1.2. Table 1.2: All India Installed Capacity Power Plants in MW Thermal Gas Oil

Renew

Region

Coal

Northern

19139.5

3531.2

13.0 22683.7 13425.1

1180

1766.4

39055.2

Western Southern Eastern

25667.7

6600.8

17.5 32286.0

7448.5

1840

4023.6

45598.1

16682.5

3646.1

939.3 21267.9 10839.2

1100

7047.9

40255.1

15739.2

190

3933.9

0

227.4

20107.7

N-Eastern

170

A&N Island Grand Total

0 77398.9

766.0 0 14734.1

Total

17.2 15946.4

Hydro

Nuclear -able

142.74

1078.7

1116

0

171.0

2365.7

70.0

70.0

0

0

6.1

76.1

1199.8 93332.8 36762.7

4120

13242.4 147457.9

Source: CEA

National Electricity Policy (2005) aims at providing electricity access to every household, meeting the demand of electricity by 2012, to have adequate spinning reserves of more than 5%, ensuring per capacity consumption of 1000 units by 2012 and minimum consumption of 1 unit per household per day as a merit good by year 2012. The present power generation scenario has thus forced Govt. of India to lay special emphasis on accelerated rate of capacity addition and also DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Total


maintaining cost of energy within reasonable limit. The proposed project of 1320 MW coal based TPP in Gujarat by SPEGPL is an effort to narrow the demand-supply gap. 1.5

Supportive Resource Base A.

Coal Linkage

I n d o n e s i a n coal of GCV 5000 kcal/kg (approximate) will be imported for the proposed power project. The estimated imported coal requirement is approx. 4.5 Million Ton per Annum (considering 90% PLF). Coal supply agreement for sourcing Inodonesian coal has been executed. This Imported coal will be transported from the proposed port at Charra to proposed power plant site through twin stream pipe conveyor. B.

Land Requirement

Approximately 340 ha of land have been identified for the power station including ash pond, coal stockpile, green belt etc. Additional land area of approx. 25ha has been identified for coal/water corridor. C.

Water

The consumptive water requirement for the 2 x 660 MW plant is about 13,193 m3/hr for cooling, process use and other miscellaneous uses. Sea water will be used which will be supplied from the intake pump house proposed to be located at a distance of about 7 km from the project site. 1.6

Scope of the Study For conducting the EIA study, the Terms of Reference (TORs) have been approved by MoEF in May 2010 during the 69th Meeting of the Expert Appraisal Committee (issued vide letter No. J-13012/100/2009 - IA. II (T) dated 24 May, 2010). TOR compliance is given in Table 1.3.:

Table 1.3: Terms of Reference Approved by MoEF and compliance status S.No. TOR issued by MOEF i)

ii)

iii)

Compliance status

The project proponent shall provide confirmed GPS readings of plant boundary and also provide authenticated map of Gir Reserve boundary clearly demarcated and mark the location of proposed TPP.

Figure 2.3 and Figure 4.6.

Conformity of the site with the prescribed guidelines in terms of distance of 500 m from HFL of the river, highways, railway line shall be shown on the study area map.

Figure 2.3

The coordinates of the proposed site including location of

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Section 2.1and Figure 2.2


Table 1.3: Terms of Reference Approved by MoEF and compliance status S.No. TOR issued by MOEF

Compliance status

ash pond shall be submitted along with topo sheet.

iv)

Primary survey of flora and fauna shall be carried out and report submitted along with EIA/EMP report.

v)

Detailed area drainage study and hydro-geological study shall be conducted from an institute/ organisation of repute Section 3.5.2 and Section to assess impact of on ground and surface water regime. 3.5.6 Specific mitigation measures shall be spelt out and action plan for implementation of the same shall be provided

vi)

Action plan for identification of local employable youth for training in skills relevant to the project for eventual employment in the project itself shall be formulated.

Section 3.5.10

Section 8.10.5-8.10.9

vii)

Layout plan indicating break-up of plant, green belt, infrastructure, roads etc. shall be provided.

viii)

Land use based on satellite imagery or authenticated map indicating drainage, cropping pattern, water bodies (rivers, nallhs, ponds etc.), location of nearest villages, creeks, rivers, reservoirs, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, tiger reserves, biosphere reserves, heritage sites etc in the Figure 3.11 / Section 3.5.9 study area shall be provided. Location of any National Park, Sanctuary, Elephant/Tiger Reserve (existing as well as proposed), migratory routes, if any, within 10 km of the project site shall be specified and marked on the map duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden.

ix)

Study on land-use pattern in the study area shall be carried out, including identification of common property resources available for conversion into productive land and action Section 3.5.9 and 3.5.12 plan for abatement and compensation for damage to agricultural land/ common property land (if any) in the nearby villages, due to proposed project shall be prepared.

x)

R&R details along with settlement plan for homestead oustess (if any) which shall include details of families (name and size) compensation paid etc. shall be prepared and submitted with action plan and schedule for implementation. While preparing the R&R plan it shall be ensured that R&R shall be completed before commissioning of the plant.

xi)

Figure 2.2 and Section 8.6

Section 6.1

Details of private land acquisition shall be submitted which Section 6.1.3 and 6.1 shall provide names of families and details of

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Annex



Compliance status

compensation paid/proposed to be paid per acre of land.

xii)

Detailed socio-economic study shall be carried out for the study area comprising of 10 km from the plant site.

xiii)

CSR component shall be prepared based on need based assessment study to be carried out in the study area. Income generating measures which can help in upliftment of poor section of society which is consistent with the traditional skills of the people shall be identified. The programme can include activities such as development of fodder farm, fruit bearing orchards, vocational training etc. In addition, vocational training for individuals shall be imparted so that poor section of society can take up self employment and jobs. Separate budget for community development activities and income generating programmes shall be specified. Financial allocation to be taken up under CSR shall be specified.

xiv)

xv)

xvi)

xvii)

While formulating CSR schemes it shall be ensured that inbuilt monitoring mechanism for the schemes identified is in place and mechanism for conducting annual social audit from the nearest government institute of repute in the region shall be prepared. The project proponent shall also provide plan for the status of implementation of the scheme from time to time.

Section 6.1

Section 8.10 / 8.10.1 / 8.10.10

Section 8.10.11 and Section 8.10.13

Possibility for adopting nearest three villages shall be explored and details of civic amenities such as roads, drinking water, power etc proposed to be provided at the company’s expenses shall be submitted

Section 8.10

Detailed study on the impact on river/marine ecology (as applicable) due to the proposed discharge of treated wastewater into the river/creek shall be carried out and submitted along with the EIA Report.

Section 3.5.11

Land requirement for the project shall be optimized. Item wise break up of land requirement and its availability to be furnished. It should also include land to be acquired, if any, for coal transportation system as well as for lying of pipeline including ROW. It may clearly be confirmed that the land including ROW is free of all encumbrances. The issues relating to land acquisition and R&R should be clearly spelled out in the EIA report.

Section 3.1.3

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Table 1.3: Terms of Reference Approved by MoEF and compliance status S.No. TOR issued by MOEF xviii)

xix)

Compliance status

Location of intake and outfall points (as applicable, with coordinates) should be given. These locations should be selected based on detailed modeling studies. Details of modeling and the results obtained there from should be furnished. It may be kept in view that the intake and outfall points are away from the mangroves. A river/marine ecology study should also be done to assess impact on river/marine ecology. River/Marine impact of such activities should be clearly brought out in the EIA report.

Section 4.3.4

Topography of the area should be given clearly indicating whether the site requires any filling. If so, details of filling, quantity of fill material required, its source, transportation etc. should be given.

Section 3.5.1

xx)

One complete season AAQ data (except monsoon) to be given along with the dates of monitoring. The parameters to be covered shall include SPM, RSPM(PM10,PM2.5), SO2, NOx, Hg and Ozone (ground level). The location of the monitoring stations should be so decided so as to take into Section 3.5.4 and Annex consideration the pre-dominant downwind direction, 3.1 (A). population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. There should be at least one monitoring station each in the upwind and in the pre dominant downwind direction at a location where maximum ground level concentration is likely to occur

xxi)

Detailed plan for raising Green belt of 100 m width and consisting of at least 3 tiers around plant boundary with tree density not less than 2500 trees per ha and survival rate atleast 75% shall be submitted.

xxii)

xxiii)

xxiv)

Impact of the project on the AAQ of the area. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling should also be provided. The air quality contours may be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. The wind roses should also be shown on this map.

Section 8.6

Section 4.3.1

Fuel analysis to be provided (sulphur, ash content and heavy metals including Pb, Cr, As and Hg). Details of auxillary fuel, if any including its quantity, quality, storage etc should also be given.

Table 2.2 and Table 2.3

Quantity of fuel required its source and transportation. A

Section 2.4 and Section

DRAFT FINAL REPORT


Table 1.3: Terms of Reference Approved by MoEF and compliance status S.No. TOR issued by MOEF confirmed fuel linkage should be provided.

xxv)

Source of water and its availability. Commitment regarding availability of requisite quantity of water from the competent authority shall be provided.

Compliance status 2.5

Section 4.3.3 and 4.3.4

xxvi)

Detail plan for carrying out rainwater harvesting and proposed utilisation in the plant shall be provided.

xxvii)

Feasibility of zero discharge shall be examined and detailed justification shall be submitted if in case the same is not possible. Proposed discharge (if any), its quantity, quality and point of discharge, users downstream etc. shall be provided.

Section 4.3.3.1

Optimization of COC for water conservation. Other water conservation measures proposed in the project should also be given. Quantity of water requirement for the project should be optimized.

Section 4.3.3

xxviii)

Section 8.7

xxix)

Details of water balance taking into account reuse and recirculation of effluents.

Figure 4.4

xxx)

Details action plan for arresting leachate in ash pond and details of lining proposed for making impermeable the bottom and sides of ash pond including soil analysis report and shall be submitted.

Figure 4.3.5

Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom, medical facilities, safety during construction phase etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase.

Section 8.2 and 8.3

xxxi)

Impact of the project on local infrastructure of the area such as road network and whether any additional infrastructure would need to be constructed and the agency responsible for the same with time frame.

Section 2.8.8

xxxiii)

EMP to mitigate the adverse impacts due to the project along with item wise cost of its implementation.

Section 8.0

xxxiv)

Risk assessment including fire and explosion issues due to storage and use of fuel should be carried out. It should take into account the maximum inventory of storage at site at any point in time. The risk contours should be plotted on the plant layout map clearly showing which of the proposed

xxxii)

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Section 6.8 and 6.3



Compliance status

activities would be affected in case of an accident taking place. Based on the same, proposed safeguard measures should be provided. Measures to guard against fire hazards should also be provided.

xxxv)

Details of litigation pending or otherwise with respect to project in any courts, tribunal etc. shall be provided.

xxxvi)

Besides all the above, the following general points will be followed:-

No litigation is pending with respect to SPEGPL

a) All documents to be properly referenced with index, page numbers and continuous page numbering. b) Where data is presented in the report especially in table, the period in which the data was collected and the source should invariably be indicated. c) Where the documents provided are in a language other than English, an English translation should be provided. d) The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of thermal power projects as devised earlier by the Ministry shall also be filled and submitted.

xxxvii) In addition, information on the following may also be incorporated in the EIA report. 1). Is the project intended to have CDM-intent? i)

If not, then reasons thereof?

ii)

If yes, then details under mentioned to be provided:

a) Has PIN (Project Idea Note) {or PCN (Project Concept Yes, the project is Note)} submitted to the NCA? (National CDM Authority) intended to have CDM – in the MoEF? b) If not, then by when is that expected? c) Has PDD (Project Design Document) been prepared? d) What is the Carbon intensity from your electricity generation projected (i.e. CO2 Tons/MWH or Kg/KWH) e) Amount of CO2 in Tons/year expected to be reduced from the baseline data available on the CEA?s web-site (www.cea.nic.in)

xxxviii) Notwithstanding 1(i) above, data on (d) & (e) above to be worked out and reported. DRAFT FINAL REPORT

intent. Detail document is given in Annex 1.1.


Table 1.3: Terms of Reference Approved by MoEF and compliance status S.No. TOR issued by MOEF xxxix)

Compliance status

The Committee informed the project proponent that after preparing the draft EIA (as per the generic structure prescribed in Appendix-III of the EIA Notification, 2006) covering the above mentioned issues, the same shall be submitted to the SPCB for conducting the public hearing as per procedure of EIA notification 2006. The issues emerged during public hearing shall be further incorporated in the Draft EIA/EMP report. The final EIA/EMP report along with public hearing report and the requisite documents (including written objections, if any) shall be submitted to the Ministry for appraisal by the Expert Appraisal Committee for consideration of awarding environmental clearance under the provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment notification dated September 14, 2006.

The EIA Study was carried out as per the scope of work mentioned above. 1.7

Structure of the Report The EIA study has been conducted based on primary and secondary data collected from various government and non-government sources and the EIA report has been presented in the form of chapters as prescribed in the EIA Notification. These are: Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Project Description Chapter 3: Descrition of the Existing Environment Chapter 4: Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures Chapter 5: Additional Studies •

Social Impact Assessment and R&R Action Plans

•

Public Hearing

•

Risk Assessment

Chapter 6: Project Benefits Chapter 7: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Chapter 8: Summary & Conclusion Chapter 9: Disclosure of Consultants DRAFT FINAL REPORT


Appendices, including supporting data, Information, References etc. have been given at the end of the report.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Surveys

and

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page 14 Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Chapter 2 : Project Description Revision : R0

Chapter – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1

Project Location The proposed plant will be located near Kaj - Nanavada Villages in Junagadh District of Gujarat. Kodinar town and railway station is located at a distance of about 17 km from the site. The State Highway SH-103 runs at about 1 km from the site and National Highway NH-8E runs at about 15 km from the site. The plant boundary coordinates are tabulated in the following table. Plant Boundary Coordiates 1.

70048’34.27”

20045’35.57”

2.

70048’56.12”

20045’37.75”

3.

70049’33.90”

20045’36.44”

4.

70049’36.61”

20045’43.70”

5.

70049’54.34”

20045’38.74”

6.

70050’002.38”

20045’24.74”

7.

70049’33.96”

20045’10.63”

8.

70049’19.93”

20044’56.37”

9.

70049’19.03”

20044’45.57”

10.

70049’12.48”

20044’44.25”

11.

70049’12.30”

20044’41.47”

12.

70049’04.94”

20044’41.08”

13.

70049’05.22”

20044’32.69”

14.

70049’02.41”

20044’29.70”

15.

70048’54.39”

20044’26.43”

16.

70048’35.60”

20044’27.49”

17.

70048’35.56”

20045’14.08”

About 340 hectare (850 acres) land has been identified to accommodate 2 x 660 MW Units of the power plant with associated systems including space for ash disposal and provision for future expansion.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT


Location of the proposed plant is shown in Figure 2.1. Layout of the proposed plant is shown in Figure 2.2. Coordinates of the site boundary are shown on map in Figure 2.3. The land requirement break-up for the proposed plant has been envisaged as follows:Sl.No.

Description

Area in ha

1.

Turbine/Boiler/Chimney/Transformer yard/FGD

9.00

2.

Water System

2.20

3.

Cooling Tower/Pump House

24.00

4.

Coal Handling Plant including Coal Storage Area

60.00

5.

Ash Disposal Area

30.03

6.

Switchyard

6.00

7.

Administration Block, Service Building, Canteen, Fire Station

4.40

8.

Work Shop, Lab

0.30

9.

Fuel Oil Facilities

0.40

10.

Compressor House and DG Room

0.25

11.

Area for future expansion

12.

Green Belt

13.

Laydown & Pre-Assembly yard

14.

Hydrogen Generation Plant

0.40

15.

Roads

8.00

Total Area

49.53 132.05 13.55

340.11

Additional land area of 25 Hectares will be required for making access road and Coal/water pipes corridor from proposed port at Charra to plant site and other offsite utilities (Refer Figure 2.4 google map showing intake point and marine outfall). In addition, SPEGPL may purchase land from nearby areas for future expansion. The main advantages of the proposed site are: ) Proximity to sea, hence sea water can be used for condenser cooling water, auxiliary water etc.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT


) Sea water after processing in RO plant can be used for boiler water, service water, and as potable water ) Proximity to the proposed port at Chhara – Sarakhadi villages located at the distance of approximately 5 km from the proposed power plant site facilitates transportation of imported coal from the port to the power plant site through pipe conveyor ) Ease of power evacuation ) Transportation of heavy equipment from Pipavav port to power plant site. 2.2

Process Selection A supercritical, reheat steam cycle with regenerative feed heating arrangement is envisaged for the proposed plant. Salient Features of Super Critical Technology are: ) Super Critical steam pressure is above 22.1 (MPa) at which steam and water do not have distinct separate phases. The cycle medium (steam) is single phase fluid with homogenous properties. ) The Super Critical steam pressures and temperatures result in better thermodynamic performance and improved cycle thermal efficiency. The typical boiler superheater pressure and temperature are 250 bar and 570O C with reheated steam temperature of 570O C. The Super Critical units can achieve 3-4% more thermal efficiency than sub critical units in 500 / 600 MW. ) The modern sub-critical cycles have attained efficiencies close to 37%. Further higher efficiency can be achieved by using super-critical steam conditions which is around 41%. ) Faster start-up time is achieved in case of super-critical units. Worldwide more than 400 super-critical plants are in operation. ) Use of super-critical units results in lower emission levels. 1% increase in efficiency reduces 2% specific emission such as CO2, NOx, SOx and particulate matters. The reduced coal consumption results in lower ash generation for the same amount of power generation. ) The boiler tube size is smaller in case of super critical units, which puts a limitation regarding the performance with high ash containing coal (typical Indian coal). Use of imported coal avoids this problem. ) Purity of feed and boiler water is a major requirement in super critical units. Problems experienced in the past were largely due to the use of

DRAFT FINAL REPORT


deoxygenated all volatile (AVT) cycle water chemistry. The solution to these problems is the combination of a condensate polishing plant with oxygenated treatment (OT) which is a proven procedure. ) The super-critical units use once through boilers without requiring boiler blow down system. This has positive effect on water balance of the plant with less condensate needing to be fed into the water-steam cycle and less water to be disposed off. ) Specific installation cost i.e. the cost/ MW decreases with increased plant size. The specific Installation cost is 5% higher than that for sub critical plants. Operating cost due to fuel is lower due to the increased thermal efficiency. Process flow diagram for the proposed plant is presented in Figure 2.5 and salient features of the proposed plant are presented in Table 2.1.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC Chapter 2 : Project Description

Page 18 February 2011 Revision : R0

Table 2.1: Project at a Glance Item

Description of Item

Project

2 x 660 MW Coal Fired Supercritical Thermal Power Station at Kaj - Nanavada Villages in Junagadh district in Gujarat, India.

Owner

Shapoorji Pallonji Energy (Gujarat) Pvt. Ltd.

Location

The site is located near Kaj - Nanavada villages at a distance of approximately 5.2 km from the proposed port at Charra village in Junagadh district of Gujarat, India.

Access by Road

The proposed site is about 15 km by Road from Kodinar town. The National Highway (NH-8E) (Kodinar-Veraval) runs within 15 km and State Highway (SH103) (Kodinar- Velan/Kotda) runs at about 1 km from the site.

Access by Railways

The proposed site is about 17 km from Kodinar railway station.

Access by Sea

The proposed site is at a distance of 5.2 km from the sea.

Access by Air

The nearest airport is at Diu at a distance of about 45 to 50 km by road from the proposed site.

Main Fuel

Imported coal of GCV 5000 kcal/kg is considered for the proposed power project. The estimated imported coal requirement will be 4.5 Million Ton per annum (Considering 90% PLF and worst coal). The imported coal will be procured from Indonesia.

Auxiliary Fuel Fuel Transportation

Water

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

HFO and LDO from nearby refinery/oil depot. Estimated storage of LDO – 1000m3 Estimated storage of HFO – 2000m3, From port to proposed site using pipe conveyor. The estimated consumptive water requirement for the 2 x 660 MW station is about 13,193 m3/hr for cooling and other process use. Seawater will be used for the power plant. Sea water will be drawn from the intake pump house located at a




Description of Item distance of about 7 km from the project site.

Land

Approximately 340 Ha of land is required for the 2 x 660 MW power station including ash pond, coal stockpile, green belt etc. About 25 ha land will be required for conveyor, water supply pipeline, access road.

Power Generating Units

2 x 660 MW Turbine Generator sets fed from two Steam Generators with steam parameters of 2000 T/hr (approximately), 250 bar (a) and 570oC/570oC., main steam & reheated steam temperature.

Cooling System

Closed recirculating condenser cooling system with Natural Draft type Cooling Towers using sea water as makeup.

Coal Handling System

Imported coal will be unloaded from ship from proposed port at Charra village and will be transported through pipe conveyor to the site. Uncrushed coal storage for about 33 days and Mill bunker storage for 10 hours considered. Coal Handling System would be designed for two-shift operation.

Ash Disposal

Average hourly ash generation from 2 x 660 MW station would be about 51 Tons per hour and annual generation is estimated at about 0.45 MTPA. Flyash will be collected in dry form for utilization. Unutilized ash will be disposed in ash pond.

Power Evacuation

The power evacuation shall be realized through two numbers 400 kV double circuit lines to Jetpur substation located within 200 km from the proposed site.

Environmental Aspects

One twin flue stack of 275 m height for wide dispersion of gaseous pollutants Twin-path high efficiency electrostatic precipitators for trapping the flyash. The PM at outlet of ESP shall be less than 50 mg/Nm3.

DRAFT FINAL REPORT




Description of Item Waste water quality will be maintained as per GPCB/MoEF norms. Generation of waste water will be minimized by maximum reuse and recycling.

Time Schedule

Initial estimate is 40 months period from ZERO DATE for completion of 1st unit with a gap of 4 months for completion of 2nd unit. The total time schedule for completion of 2 x 660 MW station will be 44 months.

Man Power

355 personnel during plant operation for 2 x 660 MW station.

Project Cost

Rs. 73350 Million (Rs.7335 crores)

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

Project: EIA for 2 x 660 MW Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Villages Kaj/Nanavada, in Page 21 Kodinar Taluka, in Junagadh District, Gujarat Document: 2010006/EC February 2011 Chapter 3: Project Description Revision: R0

2.3

Process Description

2.3.1 Steam Generating Unit The steam generator unit proposed for the Power Station will be semioutdoor, assisted circulation, pulverized coal fired, balanced draft, wet/ dry bottom type with two-pass configuration. Steam generating plant complete with all auxiliaries, accessories and controls for supplying steam to reheat turbine generator sets of nominal capacity 660,000 kW operating on unit system with steam generator feeding the TG set (with adequate margin) is envisaged. The boiler MCR capacity will be about 2000 T/hr. Economiser section of the boiler would be non-steaming type with provision for recirculation during startup, chemical cleaning etc. Main steam desuperheating station would be provided with arrangement for spraying water tapped off from feed water piping. The steam generators will be conservatively designed for satisfactory, continuous and reliable operation at high efficiency with imported coal with minimum requirement of auxiliary fuel oil for flame stabilization etc. Furnace would be conservatively designed to allow adequate residence time for the fuel to burn completely. The Steam Generator unit would be equipped with suitable pulverized coal firing arrangement comprising coal bunkers, with 10 hours capacity gravimetric raw coal feeders, pulverizing mills, primary air fans and seal air fans, fuel and air pipes, burners etc. as necessary. The pulverizers would be slow speed large ball or vertical spindle bowl mill. The sizes and number of mills would be such that with design coal, one mill will remain standby while another mill is under maintenance at BMCR with individual mill loading limited to 85% of rated capacity (N+1). While firing worst coal, one mill will remain standby with individual Mill loading to 95% of the rated capacity. Coal feed size will be (-) 25 mm.The firing system would employ latest low NOX burners and permit load variation from 30-100% BMCR without auxiliary stabilizing fuel. Heavy fuel oil (calorific value 11,000 kCal/kg and Kinematic Viscosity around 180 centistokes at 50 °C) is envisaged to be the secondary fuel for Boiler low load operation, coal flame stabilization at low loads and for supporting purposes. 2.3.2 Turbine Generator Unit The steam turbine would be standard multi-stage, multi-cylinder, tandem compound, single reheat, condensing type operating at 3000 RPM with eight (8) uncontrolled extractions for regenerative feed heating (including the deaerator). The electric generator would be three-phase, directly DRAFT FINAL REPORT


coupled, two-pole machine capable of generating 660,000 KW at generator terminals after meeting power requirement for excitation at a power factor 0.85 (lag). The generator would deliver power at 20-24kV, 3 pH, 50 Hz with short circuit ratio not less than 0.45. 2.3.3 De-aerating Heater and Closed Heaters The regenerative feed heating system would comprise vertical or horizontal shell and tube-type high pressure feed water heaters with bypass arrangement. Four (4) stages of horizontal U-tube type low pressure heaters equipped with drain cooling and condensing zones and individual bypass system are envisaged. Besides these, separate drain cooler, gland steam condenser etc. horizontal spray or spray-cum-tray type deaerator with integral vent condenser to limit oxygen content to a maximum limit of 0.005cc/litre at all operating conditions with minimum loss of steam are envisaged. The storage tank should be adequately sized to accommodate about 7 minutes water requirement to provide feed water to respective boiler at the BMCR condition. 2.3.4 Condensing Equipment Double pass horizontal surface condensers capable of maintaining the required vacuum while condensing steam at the maximum rating of the turbine would be provided. The condensers would be sea water cooled with Natural draft cooling towers. The condenser arrangement would be such that on-load maintenance of one condenser at a time is possible by isolating the one pass from cooling water inlet and outlet sides. The condenser would be of divided water box design with rolled steel construction of body and water chamber. The heat load of the Condenser will correspond to the Turbine operating condition with VWO having 106 % MCR steam flow, 2 % make-up, 85 % tube cleanliness factor and a Condenser cooling water inlet temperature of 33 oC. 2.3.5 Auxiliary Steam System and Auxiliary Boiler The auxiliary steam system is designed for two units. An auxiliary steam header will be provided for each unit. Each auxiliary steam header will be connected by a steam pipe for the unit. Boiler auxiliary steam system including steam supply control station, desuperheater, spray control station, downstream piping upto equipment e.g. SCAPH, oil burners (atomisation), fuel oil heaters etc. using auxiliary steam would be provided. The system can provide auxiliary steam to various users before unit start-up, during unit start-up and unit in normal operation. Safety valve(s) will be provided on

DRAFT FINAL REPORT


the auxiliary steam header of each unit, so as to protect the system from over pressure that may be caused by a high-pressure system. The auxiliary steam will be from cold reheat steam, extraction steam and auxiliary boiler. When the first unit is for the first time start-up, the auxiliary steam will be supplied from the auxiliary boiler. During low load operation, start up or hot standby, the auxiliary steam system will be provided from the cold reheat steam piping connection of the unit. And when in unit normal operation, the auxiliary steam will be supplied from extraction steam of the unit. When one unit is in normal operation and the other is starting-up, the auxiliary steam for the starting-up unit will be supplied from auxiliary steam header of the normal operating unit. Steam for de aerator will be supplied from auxiliary steam during start-up and from extraction steam during normal operation. Steam for turbine gland sealing and Startup steam for soot blower of air heater will be supplied form auxiliary steam header during start-up. After Pressure reducing and de superheating station and spray water, LP auxiliary steam from auxiliary steam system will be introduced to the mill fire fighting system, the boiler fuel atomizing steam system, and steam air heater. 2.4

Coal Handling System The coal handling system envisaged for the proposed 1320 MW station will receive imported coal through twin stream pipe conveyor from the coal jetty at Simar port at Charra village located about 7 km from the power plant. Pipe conveyor is found to be preferable due to following reasons: ) Transportation of material over long distance in a single flight thereby eliminating elaborate and costly transfer towers ) Maximum protection of material and environment by spillage free transportation ) Compact design with low space requirement and minimized foundation needs Coal handling system considered for the station is based on the following assumptions. Mode of transportation of : coal

By Twin Stream Pipe Conveyor from coal jetty at Simar port at Chhara village to power plant site

Gross calorific value of worst :

5000 kcal/kg

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coal Daily/hourly coal : consumption with 90% plant load factor

12260 Te daily / 510.8 TPH

Annual Coal requirement : with 90% plant load factor with worst coal of GCV 5000 kCal/kg

4.5 Million Te

Capacity of conveyors

2 Nos (1W and 1S) pipe conveyors each of capacity 3000 TPH from port to uncrushed coal stockpile within power plant boundary limit

:

Twin stream belt conveyors and equipments (1W and 1S) each of 1100 TPH capacity from power uncrushed coal stockpile to the boiler bunker / crushed coal stock pile Operating handling

hours

of

coal :

2-shift (16 Hr) operation.

Bunker capacity

:

10 hours storage

Lump size of incoming coal

:

(-) 50 mm

The proposed scheme of the coal handling plant is presented in Figure 2.6 (Coal Flow Diagram). Coal from ship of capacity 150,000 Tons will be unloaded at 3000 TPH. Pipe conveyors will transport the coal to uncrushed coal stockpile located within the power plant boundary. The uncrushed coal stockpile is sized for 33 days storage i.e. 4,75,000 Tons which means 3.25 ship loads. Two nos stacker reclaimers (1W and 1S) having stacking capacity of 3000 TPH and reclaiming capacity of 1100 TPH each are envisaged for stacking uncrushed coal and reclaiming to the crusher. From crusher, crushed coal will be stacked in a crushed coal stockpile which is sized for 18 days and the other stream of conveyor will transport crushed coal to the bunker for firing. Two number stacker reclaimers having capacity of 1100 TPH each have been considered for crushed coal.

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The conveyors would have a design coal conveying capacity of 1100 TPH each. In crusher house coal would be sized to (-) 20 mm in ring granulator / hammer mill type crushers after screening the fines in vibrating screens. Fire hydrant ring main encompassing the coal stack is considered to combat incidence of fire due to self-ignition. Coal analysis is presented in Table 2.2. Table 2.2

Coal Analysis

S. No.

Parameters

A)

Proximate Analysis

B)

C)

Values (Worst Coal Quality)

Fixed Carbon

40.0 %

Volatile matter

35.0 %

Ash

10.0 %

Moisture

25.0 %

GCV (kCal/kg)

5000

Ultimate Analysis Carbon

60.0 %

Hydrogen

3.5 %

Nitrogen

1.7 %

Sulphur

0.7 %

Moisture

25.0 %

Oxygen

7.0 %

Ash

10.0%

Ash Analysis Silica as SiO2

Sodium as Na2O3

1%

Aluminum as Al2O3 25 %

Potassium as K2O5

1%

Iron as Fe2O3

15 %

Phosphorous as P2O5

0.1 %

Calcium as CaO

10 %

Titanium as TiO2

0.8 %

Manganese as Mn3O4

0.1 %

Magnesium MgO Source: DPR prepared by DCPL

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

35 %

as 4 %


2.5

Fuel Oil System The Fuel oil system will be provided for: a)

Boiler start-up

b) Flame stabilization during low load operation with or without coal firing. Two types of fuel oils are envisaged for use in the proposed 1320 MW unit: (a) light diesel oil (LDO) (for Boiler Start up) and (b) heavy fuel oil (HFO) for low load operation and flame stabilization, as necessary. In addition to these, HFO may also be required during mill cutting in and mill cutting out operation. HFO and LDO will be unloaded from road tankers. There will be 2 x 100% (1W and 1S) LDO unloading pumps for unloading from road tankers. LDO will be stored in one 1000kl capacity storage tank. LDO will be pumped by pressurizing pumps from the storage tank to the boiler for start up. There will be 2 x 100% (1W and 1S) HFO unloading pumps for unloading from road tankers. HFO will be stored in two (2) numbers storage tanks each of capacity 2000kl. HFO will be pumped by pressurizing pumps from the storage tank to the boiler for low load operation and flame stabilisation. From the storage tanks, HFO will be delivered to the respective day tanks located near the main plant by means of the pressuring pumps with necessary piping interconnections. Two (2) HFO day tanks, each of 500 kl will be installed. These pressurizing and heating units for the proposed station will be accommodated in the fuel oil pressurizing pump house. The HFO handling, storage and supply system will be complete in all respects, including steam tracing lines, pipes, valves and instruments etc. Fuel analysis is presented in Table 2.3. Table 2.3:

Fuel Analysis

Sl. No.

Characteristics

Heavy Furnace Oil

1

Total Sulphur content

2 % (Max.)

2

Gross Calorific Value

Of the order of 11,000

3

Flash Point (Min.)

66 Deg. C

4

Water content by Volume (Max.)

1.0 %

5

Sediment by weight (Max.)

0.25 %

IS - 1953, Grade HV

DRAFT FINAL REPORT


6

Asphaltene content by weight (Max.)

2.5 %

7

Kinematic Viscosity in 370 (Max.) Centistokes 180 at 50 Deg. C At 98.9 Deg. C

20 – 30

8

Ash Content by weight (Max.)

0.1 %

9

Acidity (in inorganic)

Nil

10

Pour Point (Max .)

24 Deg. C (Max.)

Source: DPR, DCPL

2.6

Plant Water System The consumptive water requirement of the plant will be made available from sea through GRP/MS pipe lines and pump house installed near sea coast. Total sea water requirement of the proposed plant is estimated as 13,193 m3/hr. The break-up of water requirement and water balance are discussed in chapter 4 of this report. Intake well (Refer Figure 2.7) is proposed at water depth of -9.0 meter below Chart Datum. Intake well is proposed to be submerged type intake well. The location is about 585 meters inside the sea within the port area which is sheltered by the proposed breakwater of 1500 m length. Submerged intake will be of 10 meter diameter. Pipe line will be laid from the submerged well to the shore based pumping station with necessary armour cover. Heavy duty grill be provide at top of submerged well to prevent objects following into the well. Outfall is proposed in the water depth of -8.0 to -8.5 meter below Chart Datum located on the Eastern side of the intake well. The distance between intake well and the outfall is kept at 1500 meters (Refer Figure 2.4). The sea water will be clarified for the use in condenser cooling circuit in a closed cycle circulating cooling system with wet type natural draft cooling towers. A part of the sea water will be used to feed the desalination plant located inside the main plant boundary. The desalinated water will meet the miscellaneous water demand for the power plant. Ultra-filtration (UF) as pretreatment will ensure entering water quality of SWRO (Sea Water Reverse Osmosis) achieving SDI (Silt Density Index)