How Quantum Can a Computer Be?

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Michel Aglietta and Antoine Rebérioux, October 2004. 6. Patent Fever in Developed Countries and its Fallout on the Deve
The Cournot Centre and Foundation The Cournot Centre is an independent, non-profit organization. It has created a forum where specialists meet to advance theory and increase understanding of the economic, social and political sciences and their epistemology. Like the Centre, the Foundation pursues catalyzing work in the tradition of Augustin Cournot, accelerating or selecting concurrent theoretical formulations. Under the aegis of the Fondation de France, the Foundation puts into perspective the probabilistic paradigm shift that is spreading across disciplines and promotes probability research.

Prisme Series 1. Ramifications of the European Commission’s Directive on Takeover Bids Jean-Louis Beffa, Leah Langenlach and Jean-Philippe Touffut, September 2003

2. Lessons Learned from U.S. Welfare Reform

Elham Kashefi

Robert M. Solow, November 2003

3. Reforming Europe: Is the Third Way the Only Way? Bruno Amable, January 2004

4. An Economic Analysis of Fair Value Vincent Bignon, Yuri Biondi and Xavier Ragot, March 2004

5. From Financial Capitalism to a Renewal of Social-Democracy Michel Aglietta and Antoine Rebérioux, October 2004

6. Patent Fever in Developed Countries and its Fallout on the Developing World Claude Henry, May 2005

7. After Cournot: Paradoxes and Controversies of Quantification Alain Desrosières, April 2006

8. Political Goals, Legal Norms and Public Goods: The Building Blocks of Europe? Robert Boyer and Mario Dehove, November 2006

9. Building a Fiscal Territory in Europe Évelyne Serverin, March 2007

10. The Japanese Economy after the Flux Decade

How Quantum Can a Computer Be?

Masahiko Aoki, September 2007

11. Does Fiscal Stimulus Work? Edouard Challe, November 2007

12. Towards a Probabilistic Theory of Life Thomas Heams, October 2008

13. History Repeating for Economists: An Anticipated Financial Crisis Robert Boyer, November 2008

14. Why Contemporary Capitalism Needs the Working Poor Bernard Gazier, December 2008

15. An Economic Analysis of Fair Value (second edition, with an added preface) Vincent Bignon, Yuri Biondi and Xavier Ragot, August 2009

16. Should You Take a Risk When You Do Not Know for Sure?

Elham Kashefi is a computer scientist working as a reader in the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh and a researcher at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) joint research lab in Information and Communication Sciences and Technologies (LTCI) at Telecom ParisTech based in Paris. Associate director of the recently established UK Networked Quantum Information Technologies Hub (NQIT), she is in charge of developing applications to foster the link between experimentalists and the computer science community. She is also a member of the Paris Center for Quantum Computing (PCQC) and the Young Academy of Scotland (Royal Society of Edinburgh). Kashefi has trained in and pioneered a transdisciplinary research environment, investigating all aspects of quantum information processing from theoretical perspectives to actual experimental implementations.

Pierre-Charles Pradier, March 2010

17. The Theory of Stochastic Processes and their Role in the Financial Markets Nicole El Karoui, February 2010

18. The Impossible Evaluation of Risk André Orléan, April 2010

19. Can Statistics Do without Artefacts? Jean-Bernard Chatelain, October 2010

20. Is Everything Stochastic? Glenn Shafer, December 2010

21. Random Running

Michel Armatte, February 2012

22. Where Do Booms and Busts Come From? Paul De Grauwe, October 2011

23. Dead Ends and Ways Out of the Crisis from a Macroeconomic Perspective Xavier Timbeau, June 2012

24. What Probabilities Measure

The Prisme Series The Prisme Series is a collection of original texts that focus on contemporary theoretical issues. The authors are contributors to the Cournot series of conferences, panels and seminars. A complete list of publications can be found at

www.centre-cournot.org

Mikaël Cozic and Bernard Walliser, September 2012

25. Sifting Noise: The Role of Probability in Imaging Josselin Garnier, November 2012

26. Why France Should Give Co-determination a Chance Jean-Louis Beffa and Christophe Clerc, January 2013

27. What Makes Public-Private Partnerships Work? An Economic Analysis Jean Bensaïd and Frédéric Marty, June 2014

28. The Dynamics of Capitalism and Worker Participation: A Long-term Analysis Bernard Gazier and Olivier Boylaud, December 2013

Series Editor: Jean-Philippe Touffut Illustration Artist: NiboR / Cover Designer: Sophie Otrage Printer: Escandre-Sorel

Prisme N°29 September 2014 The Cournot Centre and Foundation

Damian Markham is a quantum physicist and computer scientist working for the CNRS in the theoretical computer science section based in the LTCI lab at Telecom ParisTech. Together with computer scientists and theoretical and experimental physicists in Telecom ParisTech, they have built an interdisciplinary group working on many aspects of quantum information, from theoretical conception to practical implementation. This approach has recently been boosted by jointly forming the Paris Centre for Quantum Computing with other computer science and physics departments around Paris.