Human Rights Human Rights - OHCHR

staff of the United Nations serve as human rights defenders even if their ...... defenders, beginning in 1998, have called upon all States to promote and give effect ...
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R i g h t s H u m a n

R i g h t s H u m a n

UNITED NATIONS

Human Rights Defenders: Protecting the Right to Defend Human Rights

Fact Sheet No.

29

Human Rights

Human Rights Defenders: Protecting the Right to Defend Human Rights

Fact Sheet No.

29

i

ii

CONTENTS Page

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................

vi

INTRODUCTION .........................................................................

1

Chapter VI.

About human rights defenders ....................................... .....2

VI.

A.

B.

What do human rights defenders do?......................

02

1. 2. 3. 4. 4. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. 8. 8. 9.

All human rights for all ..................................... Human rights everywhere ................................. Local, national, regional and international action Collecting and disseminating information on violations .......................................................... Supporting victims of human rights violations .. Action to secure accountability and to end impunity ........................................................... Supporting better governance and government policy ................................................................ Contributing to the implementation of human rights treaties ....................................... Human rights education and training ...............

02 02 03

Who can be a human rights defender? ....................

06

1. 1. 2. 2. C. C. II. II.

Defending human rights through professional activities—paid or voluntary .............................. Defending human rights in a non-professional context .............................................................

03 03 04 04 4 05

06 08

Is a minimum standard required of human rights defenders? ..............................................................

08

Violations committed against human rights defenders and other difficulties they face ........................................

10

A. A.

Examples of acts committed against human rights defenders ................................................................

11

B.

The situation of women human rights defenders .....

13 iii

Page

C. C.

III. III.

Perpetrators of violations against human rights defenders ...............................................................

15

1. 2. 3.

State authorities ............................................... Non-State actors ............................................... Positive role of State and non-State actors ........

15 16 17

United Nations protection of human rights defenders and support for their work ....................................................

18

A.

The Declaration on human rights defenders ............

19

1. 2.

Legal character ................................................. The Declaration’s provisions ..............................

19 19

(a) Rights and protections accorded to human (a) rights defenders ........................................ (b) The duties of States ................................... (c) The responsibilities of everyone................... (d) The role of national law ............................

20 21 21 22

The Special Representative of the Secretary-General on human rights defenders ..........................................

22

1. 2.

The formal manda