in danger for a variety of reasons. Displaced Persons by Gender and Age. Pacific Ocean. Guatemala. Honduras. Scale. No o
MAKING THE INVISIBLE VISIBLE: FORCED DISPLACEMENT IN EL SALVADOR 2017 Data from Cristosal and the Quetzalcóatl Foundation
701 375 701 people were assisted by Cristosal and Quetzalcóatl in 2017
Displaced Persons by Gender and Age Most of the women and girls were between 0-45 years old. Most of the boys and men were between 0-25 years old.
375 people (53.5%) had already left their homes by the time they were interviewed
Geographical Origin of Registered Cases Reasons Preventing At-Risk Families from Fleeing Guatemala
Honduras
66.7% 66.7%
71.7% 71.7%
30.0% 30.0% 6.7% 6.7% Porque no No other place tiene/n lugar to stay Scale
Pacific Ocean
donde hospedarse
Noeconomic tiene/n No recursos resources económicos
NoNo cuenta/n con safe place un lugar seguro to go
Otros Other
At the time of their interviews, 46.5% of people were unable to move away from the places where they were in danger for a variety of reasons.
The data presented do not constitute a national sample. They are from the cases registered by Cristosal and the Quetzalcóatl Foundation. Data was processed by the Cristosal Monitoring Unit.
Factors Causing Displacement Threats Amenazas Homicidio de un Murder of afamiliar relative Intento de homicidio su persona Attemptedamurder of self oorfamiliar relative Extorsión Extortion Lesiones Injuries ForcedDesaparición disappearance de of afamiliar relative Otros Other Víctima de violación Rape Reclutamiento forzoso Forced recruitment Temor por violencia generalizada Fear of generalized violence Testigo Witnessing de un hecho delictivo a criminal act Testigo protegido Protected witness status Agresión sexual Sexual assault Violencia contra LGBTI+ hateLGBTI crime Víctima de trata de personas Human trafficking Familiar de testigo protegido o criteriado Relative of a protected witness
Perpetrators of Violence Causing Displacement 80.1%
96.2% 96.2%
22.6% 21.5% 11.3% 7.5% 5.9% 5.4% 4.8% 4.3% 3.8% 3.8% 2.2% 1.6% 1.1% 1.1% 0.5%
15.1% 15.1%
Gangs Pandillas
The top five factors causing displacement were threats, murder, attempted murder, extortion, and injuries. These factors represent more than 100% because many families were affected by multiple factors.
No No Yes
Why don’t families report crimes? 42% 58%
-
68.2% are afraid of reprisals. 26.2% don’t think the authorities would do anything. 14% cited other reasons. 13.1% don’t trust public institutions.
This data was collected from responses to a multipleselection question, so the total is more than 100%.
2.7% 2.7%
National Police, Desconocido Unknown PNC, Civil FAES Armed Forces of El Salvador
Others Otros
In the same way, families may be targeted by more than one aggressor. Gangs are mentioned the most as perpetrators of violence causing displacement.
Did you report crimes to the authorities? Sí
7.5% 7.5%
Acts of Violence by Perpetrator Threats Amenazas Murder Homicidios
12.1% 11.9%
Intentos de Attempted murder homicidios
12.5%
Extorsion Extorsiones
19.1% MS-13 MS-13
Barrio 18 18th Street
37.6%
50.3%
52.4% 42.9% 35.0% 42.9%
57.8% 61.9%
PNC National Civil Police
The MS-13 gang was the most cited perpetrator.
Migration and Intention to Migrate Victims Who Had Already Migrated 10.3% At the time of their interviews, 10.3% of registered persons had already migrated, mostly to Guatemala, the United States, and Mexico. This data is based on a sample of 409 people.
89.7% No No YesSí
Have you thought about leaving the country? 7%
Destination Countries Guatemala Guatemala
26.2%
Estados UnitedUnidos States
26.2%
Mexico Mexico
19.0%
Costa Rica Rica Costa
9.5%
Canadá Canada
Others Otros
7.1% 4.8%
Panama Panamá
2.4%
No Notespecifico specified
2.4%
Honduras Honduras
2.4%
Sí
No YesNo
93%
186 families indicated that they had thought about leaving the country, highlighting the fact that many targets of violence in El Salvador wish to migrate.
The data presented do not constitute a national sample. They are from the cases registered by Cristosal and the Quetzalcóatl Foundation. Data was processed by the Cristosal Monitoring Unit.
Consequences of Displacement EDUCATION
8
0.7%
5.2% 7
6
0.7%
5
0.7%
4
0.7%
3
1.5%
2
8.2%
15.7%
14.2%
13.4% 1
1.5%
According to El Salvador’s Ministry of Education, 4,573 children and teenagers abandoned their studies for reasons related to violence.
9.0%
Of the displaced persons who were in school, 75.6% had to abandon their studies.
Percentage of families
75.6%
Number of Persons Displaced per Family
9
10
12
13
Number of family members displaced
SOURCE OF INCOME
72.3%
Of the displaced persons who were working, 72.3% had to give up their job.
This graph shows the percentage of families who reported a given number of their family members as displaced. For example, 15.7% of all the registered families reported that 3 members of their family were displaced. 71.5% of registered families reported at least one displaced member. In extreme cases, up to 13 people had to leave their homes.
How Displaced Families Survive Financially 38.2%
Trabajos o propios de subsistencia Formalmedios or informal employment
IMPACT ON FAMILIES’ INCOME 41.1%
45.9%
Help de from friends ororelatives Ayuda familiares amigos Temporary jobs Trabajo temporal
7.0%
Otros Other
6.5%
Remesas Remittances
Increased Sube
Loans from pawned belongings Empeños
No mantiene change Se
Decreased Baja
15.1%
Savings Ahorros Loans Préstamos
13%
34.9%
5.4% 3.2% 2.2%
Begging Mendicidad
1.1%
Pensión Pension
0.5%
Many families continue to work or sustain themselves through their own means, but 34.9% rely on support from friends or relatives.
