This Journal is also published in French under the title Revue internationale des sciences sociales.

Topics of recent issues: Towards a policy for social research (vol. X X I I , no. 2) Trends in legal learning (vol. X X I I , no. 3) Controlling the h u m a n environment (vol. X X I I , no. 4) of forthcoming issues: Computers and documentation in the social sciences Regional variations in nation-building Race relations

U R A vi ft

international social science Journal volume XXIII

1971

unesco, pans

international social science journal

Vol. XXIII, N o . I, 1971

Published quarterly by Unesco

Understanding aggression Lionel Tiger Robert Bigelow José M . R . Delgado David A . H a m b u r g Robert A . Hinde Ole R . Holsti N . A . Kovalsky T . Adeoye L a m b o Jane van LawickGoodall Shib K . Mitra Philippe Ropartz

Editorial Introduction Relevance of ethology to h u m a n aggressiveness The neurological basis of violence Recent research on hormonal factors relevant to h u m a n aggressiveness The nature and control of aggressive behaviour Crisis, stress and decision-making Social aspects of international aggression Aggressiveness in the h u m a n life cycle within different socio-cultural settings S o m e aspects of aggressive behaviour in a group of free-living chimpanzees Group aggression and research on violence Aggressive behaviour and social behaviour in animals

7 9 18 27 36 48 53 68 79 89 98

104

Professional and documentary services Items and announcements N e w periodicals Approaching international conferences Documents and publications of the United Nations and Specialized Agencies Books received

113 116 131 138 150

Opinions expressed in signed articles are those of the authors and d o not necessarily reflect the views of Unesco. Permission for the reproduction of articles appearing in this Journal can be obtained from the Editor. Correspondence arising from this Journal should be addressed to: The Editor, International Social Science Journal, Unesco, Place de Fontenoy, 75 Paris-7e. Editor: Peter Lengyel Printed by Imprimerie Chaix-Desfosses, Paris © Unesco 1971 Printed in France SHC.70/I.96/A

understanding aggression

Editorial

The present issue of the Journal is devoted to the work of an interdisciplinary meeting on the implications of recent scientific research on the understanding of h u m a n aggressiveness, held at Unesco Headquarters from 19 to 23 M a y 1970. The majority of the following articles are versions of papers originally presented at the meeting, while those by J. M . R . Delgado, N . A . Kovalsky and J. van Lawick-Goodall were subsequently prepared specially for this issue and in part are based on their oral contributions to the discussions. The introduction by Lionel Tiger, likewise a participant, attempts to s u m u p the work of the meeting, at the same time giving some of the author's o w n views on the subject at hand.

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Lionel Tiger

Introduction

The articles in the present issue of the International Social Science Journal were the basis and in part the result of Unesco 'sfirstmajor effort to understand the causes and processes of h u m a n aggressiveness. Perhaps more significant than the factual and theoretical contents of the articles is their origin. N o t only d o they represent w o r k from a number of very different national backgrounds, but of scientific disciplines as well. Thus an expert on the role of the sense of smell in aggressive interactions of small m a m m a l s w a s able to enter into discussion with an art historian w h o outlined the relevance of sculpture and painting for stimulating and recording aggressiveness; an analyst of hostility a m o n g chimpanzees joined a colleague concerned with the effect of stress on the performance of h u m a n politicians at times of aggressive crisis; a neuroph