IntraplexÂ® SynchroCast3 - Simulcast Solutions

Installation and Operation Manual

Intraplex® SynchroCast3™ System Version 2.11

Publication Information ©2014 GatesAir, Inc. . Proprietary and Confidential. GatesAir considers this document and its contents to be proprietary and confidential. Except for making a reasonable number of copies for your own internal use, you may not reproduce this publication, or any part thereof, in any form, by any method, for any purpose, or in any language other than English without the written consent of GatesAir. All others uses are illegal. This publication is designed to assist in the use of the product as it exists on the date of publication of this manual, and may not reflect the product at the current time or an unknown time in the future. This publication does not in any way warrant description accuracy or guarantee the use for the product to which it refers. GatesAir reserves the right, without notice to make such changes in equipment, design, specifications, components, or documentation as progress may warrant to improve the performance of the product. GatesAir reserves the right, without notice to make such changes in equipment, design, specifications, components, or documentation as progress may warrant to improve the performance of the product.

Trademarks ®

®

®

®

AudioLink PLUS™, HD Link™, IntraGuide , Intraplex , NetXpress™, NetXpress LX™, STL PLUS , SynchroCast , and SynchroCast3™ are trademarks of GatesAir Corporation. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Customer Service Contact Information www.gatesair.com GatesAir 3200 Wismann Lane Quincy, Il 62305 USA For Technical Support including Service, Training, Repair and Service Parts:

www.gatesair.com/services/technical-support.aspx Americas: 24/7 Technical Support

+1 217 222 8200

Email

[email protected]

Europe, Middle East and Africa: 24/7 Technical Support

+1 217 222 8200

Email

[email protected]

Asia: 24/7 Technical Support

+1 217 222 8200

Email

[email protected]

Version 2.11

2.1

Date

Revisions Made

Section

Pages

Editor

All

All

LD

Updated GPS receiver wiring diagrams, updated wiring procedure, and added Trimble Thunderbolt E diagrams.

3.3.4

3-7 – 3-18

For SNC-101 module configuration in NetXpress Web interface, added clarification that “E1 (31 time slots)” refers to 31 usable time slots.

4.4.1

4-8, 4-11

Corrected TDM Bus Frames per Packet settings for Create IP Multicast Stream and Create TDM-to-IP Streams procedures.

5.5.2.2, 5.6.1.3

5-10, 5-16

Added NetXpress LX to all IP-based system scenarios.

5.5

5-8 – 5-15

Corrected MA-480 Block Diagram figure to match actual board.

A.1

12/16/11 Updated GPS receiver information, changed “10 PPS” to “10 MHz” for GPS receiver signal, and changed “10 milliseconds” to “10.000 milliseconds” for delay.

5/25/11

Added short introduction to most sections.

1–6

1 page

1.3

1-3

2

2-1 – 2-4

2.4

2-4 – 2-5

Moved SynchroCast3 Modules section from Section 4 - “Operation” to Section 3 - “Installation”.

3.1.1, 4.2

3-1, 4-2

Added customer service information and warning to Unpack and Inspect the Equipment section for consistency with other manuals.

3.3.1

3-5

Updated Figure 3-3 through 3-8 to reflect wiring for new Spectracom SecureSync receiver.

3.3.4

3-7 – 3-10

Updated Figures 3-1 and 4-1 to show new switch position on board.

3.1.1, 4.1.1

3-2, 4-1

Added new switch info for SNC-101T module and updated AUX switch info to show settings for 10 or 5 MHz GPS clock.

4.2.1

4-3 – 4-4

Updated NetXpress and IntraGuide SNC-101 screen information.

4.4.2

4-15 – 4-21

Corrected connector order in Figure A-1 and added RJ-11 pin assignments (Tables A-1 and A-2).

A.1, A.2

A-1, A-2 – A-3

Updated AUX switch info in P Codes Tables B-1 and B-2 for 10 or 5 MHz GPS clock, corrected B-1 data rate reversal, and added 1PPS_DLY to B-1 and PLL_LCK2 to B-4.

B.1 B.2

B-2 – B-4, B-6

Updated manual for IP capabilities, added new Implementation Scenarios section, added new template, and reformatted.

All

All

Added Manual Use section for consistency with other manuals. Changed Section 2 title to Functional Design. Added info about SNC-101 support of DS-967 module.

2.1 (cont.)

2

5/25/11

4/30/08

A-1 st

LD

LD

LD

Table of Contents Section 1 – SynchroCast3 System Introduction ............................. 1-1 1.1 SynchroCast3 Simulcasting Capabilities .............................................. 1-1 1.2 SynchroCast3 Components ............................................................... 1-2 1.2.1 SynchroCast3 over IP Networks ...............................................................1-2 1.2.2 SynchroCast3 over T1 Networks ..............................................................1-2 1.2.3 SynchroCast3 over E1 Networks ..............................................................1-2

1.3 Manual Use ...................................................................................... 1-3

Section 2 – Functional Design ........................................................ 2-1 2.1 Good Reception Criteria ..................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Distribution Networks ........................................................................ 2-3 2.3 Delay Measurement and Adjustment ................................................... 2-4 2.4 DS-967 Synchronous Data Module Support ......................................... 2-4

Section 3 – Installation ................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Basic Equipment Components ............................................................ 3-1 3.1.1 SynchroCast3 Modules ............................................................................3-1 3.1.2 Basic Components and Add-on Lists .........................................................3-2 3.1.3 Varied Shipping and Installation ..............................................................3-3

3.2 System Considerations ..................................................................... 3-3 3.3 System Installation .......................................................................... 3-4 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4

Unpack and Inspect the Equipment ..........................................................3-5 Install Multiplexer Shelves and GPS Equipment (All Sites) ...........................3-5 Set Up SynchroCast3 Cabling ..................................................................3-5 Wire Power, Analog, Data, and Network Connections ..................................3-6

Section 4 – Configuration & Operation ......................................... 4-1 4.1 Local or Remote Control Operation ..................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Set SCB Address ....................................................................................4-1 4.1.2 Set Remote Control ................................................................................4-2

4.2 SynchroCast3 Modules....................................................................... 4-2 4.2.1 Set Data Switches ..................................................................................4-2 4.2.2 Set Time Slot Switches ...........................................................................4-4

4.3 Indicator Lights, Alerts, and Alarms..................................................... 4-5 4.4 Remote Control Interface ................................................................... 4-6 4.4.1 Configure SNC-101S and SNC-101T Modules in NetXpress System ...............4-7 4.4.2 Configure SNC-101S and SNC-101T Modules in IntraGuide Software .......... 4-14

4.5 Simulcast Time Delay ...................................................................... 4-20 4.5.1 Adjust Individual Site Delays ................................................................. 4-21 GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

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Intraplex SynchroCast3 System Version 2.11, December 2011

Table of Contents

4.5.2 Final Tune Up ...................................................................................... 4-22

4.6 GPS Equipment............................................................................... 4-25 4.6.1 Equipment Requirements ...................................................................... 4-25 4.6.2 Qualified Receivers ............................................................................... 4-25

Section 5 – Implementation Scenarios ......................................... 5-1 5.1 T1/E1 Data Links Connecting 2 Remote Transmitters............................. 5-1 5.1.1 Equipment at Origination Point ................................................................5-1 5.1.2 Equipment at Each Transmitter Site .........................................................5-2 5.1.3 System Alignment ..................................................................................5-3

5.2 Co-located Transmitter with T1/E1 to 1 Remote Site ............................. 5-3 5.2.1 Equipment at Co-location Point ................................................................5-3 5.2.2 Equipment at Remote Transmitter Site .....................................................5-5

5.3 Originate-Once in T1/E1 Systems........................................................ 5-5 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4

Originate-Once in T1/E1 Multiplexer for Field Distribution ............................5-6 Originate-Once in T1/E1 CrossConnect Multiplexer .....................................5-7 Equipment at Each T1/E1 Cross-Connect Transmitter Site ...........................5-7 Equipment at Each T1/E1 End Point Transmitter Site ..................................5-8

5.4 Internet Protocol (IP) Based Systems .................................................. 5-8 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.4.6

Originate-Once Using IP Multicast ............................................................5-8 NetXpress Multiplexer at Origination Point Using IP Multicast .......................5-9 NetXpress Multiplexer at Transmitter Site Using IP Multicast ..................... 5-10 Originate-Once with NetXpress Multiplexer using IP Multi-Unicast .............. 5-11 Origination Point with NetXpress Multiplexer using IP Multi-Unicast ............ 5-11 Transmitter Site with NetXpress Multiplexer using Unicast Transmission ..... 5-13

5.5 Mixed Protocol (IP & TDM) Systems .................................................. 5-15 5.5.1 Origination Point with NetXpress Multiplexer using IP & TDM Data Links ..... 5-15 5.5.2 Transmitter Site with NetXpress Multiplexer Using IP & TDM Data Links ...... 5-16 5.5.3 Transmitter Site with TDM Multiplexer Using IP & TDM Data Links .............. 5-16

Section 6 – SychroCast3 Specifications ........................................ 6-1 6.1 Detailed Specifications ...................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Notice of FCC Compliance.................................................................. 6-1

Section 7 – Glossary ..................................................................... 7-1 Appendix A – MA-480 SynchroCast3 Module Adapter .................... A-1 A.1 Block Diagram and Board Views ......................................................... A-1 A.2 Pin Assignments ............................................................................... A-2 A.3 Switches ......................................................................................... A-3

Appendix B – P and S Codes .......................................................... B-1 B.1 P Codes ........................................................................................... B-1 B.2 S Codes ........................................................................................... B-4 ii

GatesAir, Inc Intraplex Products

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Figures Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure

1-1. SynchroCast3 System Diagram.................................................................1-1 2-1. Impairment Compared to Relative Delay and Protection Ratio ......................2-1 2-2. Overlap and Capture Areas ......................................................................2-2 2-3. Propagation Delay Difference in Microseconds ............................................2-2 3-1. Top View of the SNC-101 Module ..............................................................3-2 3-2. SynchroCast3 with NetXpress Multiplexer – Origination Point Cabling ............3-6 3-3. SynchroCast3 with NetXpress Multiplexer – Transmitter Site Cabling .............3-6 3-4. Single TDM Multiplexer Wiring of Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point ....3-7 3-5. Single NetXpress Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point .......3-8 3-6. Dual TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point .3-8 3-7. Dual NetXpress Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point .........3-9 3-8. TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Transmitter Site .........3-9 3-9. NetXpress Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Transmitter Site ............... 3-10 3-10. Single TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the TRAK GPS Clock at Origination Point .. 3-11 3-11. Single NetXpress Wiring of the TRAK GPS Clock at Origination Point .......... 3-11 3-12. Dual TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the TRAK GPS Clock at Origination Point .... 3-12 3-13. Dual NetXpress Wiring of the TRAK GPS Clock at Origination Point ............ 3-13 3-14. TDM Multiplexer Wiring of TRAK GPS Clock at Transmitter Site ................. 3-14 3-15. NetXpress Wiring of the TRAK GPS Clock at Transmitter Site .................... 3-14 3-16. Single TDM Mux Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Orig Point ..... 3-15 3-17. Single NetXpress Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Orig Point .... 3-15 3-18. Dual TDM Mux Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Orig Point........ 3-16 3-19. Dual NetXpress Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Orig Point ...... 3-17 3-20. TDM Mux Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Transmitter Point .... 3-17 3-21. NetXpress Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Transmitter Point ... 3-18 4-1. Top View of the SNC-101 Module ..............................................................4-1 4-2. NetXpress SNC-101S Module – Configure Tab ............................................4-7 4-3. NetXpress SNC-101S Module – Status Tab .................................................4-9 4-4. NetXpress SNC-101T Module – Configure Tab........................................... 4-10 4-5. NetXpress SNC-101T Module – Status Tab ............................................... 4-12 4-6. IntraGuide SNC-101S General Configuration Screen .................................. 4-14 4-7. IntraGuide SNC-101T General Configuration Screen .................................. 4-16 4-8. IntraGide SNC-101S Status Screen ......................................................... 4-17 4-9. IntraGuide SNC-101T Status Screen ....................................................... 4-19 4-10. IntraGuide CM-5RTD General Configuration Screen ................................. 4-23 4-11. IntraGuide CM-5RTD Time Delay Configuration Screen ............................ 4-23 4-12. PLL Locked Light on IntraGuide CM-5RTD Time Delay Status Screen ......... 4-24 4-13. Overlap and Capture Area .................................................................... 4-24 5-1. Moving Line of Audio Coincidence .............................................................5-3 5-2. Originate-Once Scenario with Multiple Transmitters.....................................5-6 5-3. Originate-Once Scenario in T1/E1 CrossConnect .........................................5-7 A-1. MA-480 Block Diagram ........................................................................... A-1 A-2. MA-480 Rear Board and Panel Views ........................................................ A-2

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Tables Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table

iv

3-1. 3-2. 4-1. 4-2. 4-3. 4-4. A-1. A-2. A-3. B-1. B-2. B-3. B-4.

SynchroCast3 T1/E1 Basic Equipment Package ............................................3-2 SynchroCast3 Add-on Equipment Components .............................................3-3 Card Address Setting – SW1......................................................................4-2 Data Rate Switch Combinations .................................................................4-3 Time Slot Settings....................................................................................4-5 SNC-101 Indicator Lights ..........................................................................4-5 JP1 GPS RJ-11 Pin Assignments ................................................................ A-2 JP3 TIM RJ-11 Pin Assignments ................................................................ A-3 MA-480 Switches .................................................................................... A-3 SNC-101S Parameter Codes (P Codes) ...................................................... B-2 SNC-101T Parameters Codes (P Codes) ..................................................... B-3 SNC-101S Status Codes (S Codes)............................................................ B-4 SNC-101T Status Codes (S Codes) ............................................................ B-5

GatesAir, Inc Intraplex Products

No header

Section 1 –Introduction With the SynchroCast3 simulcast system, GatesAir provides an enhanced simulcast solution for use with modern communications networks. The SynchroCast3 system utilizes SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules installed in Intraplex Access Server multiplexers for T1 and E1 transport or in NetXpress multiplexers for IP communication links.

1.1 SynchroCast3 Simulcasting Capabilities Simulcasting is a technique for transmitting to an extended geographic area using multiple, overlapping transmitters operating on the same frequency. Historically, transmissions from nearby transmitters on the same frequency have created serious reception problems where they overlap. The SynchroCast3 system can provide dramatically increased station coverage while reducing or eliminating unwanted artifacts at the listener’s receiver. The SynchroCast3 system maintains the phase alignment of transmitted signals at multiple locations using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. Figure 1-1 shows how the SynchroCast3 system works.

Figure 1-1. SynchroCast3 System Diagram The SynchroCast3 system consists of ●

GPS controlled carrier frequency synchronization.

●

GPS controlled precision audio phase alignment.

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Dynamic adjustments to compensate for network routing changes.


1-1


1—Introduction

The SynchroCast3 system sends timing reference signals along with the audio content to each transmitter site. GPS receivers, placed at the origination point as well as the transmitter sites, provide a second timing reference. Timing signals arrive over the network connection from the origination point along with the audio content. SynchroCast compares the received signals with a local timing reference and introduces a precise amount of delay to correct the timing difference among the transport paths. Once the signals are synchronized, the system operates automatically to keep the preset delay constant.

1.2 SynchroCast3 Components The SynchroCast3 system includes the following components: ●

SynchroCast3 Modules The SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules accept the reference timing input from the GPS receivers at each location. The SNC-101S module at the origination point provides the timing reference signals. The SNC-101T module at each transmitter site compares the locally received GPS signal to the timing reference information arriving over the network connection from the origination point.

●

GPS Receivers These GPS receivers provide reference timing input to the SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules: • • • •

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Spectracom SecureSync™ ® TRAK Microwave Model 8821H ® Spectracom Model 8195 ® ® Trimble Thunderbolt E

MA-480 Module Adapter The SynchroCast3 MA-480 module adapter provides SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules with connections to the GPS receiver and timing connections to the system control module NIM-1, CM5R-TD, or CM-7R-TD. Each SNC-101S or SNC-101T installed in the network requires a MA-480 module adapter (Appendix A – MA-480 SynchroCast Module Adapter).

1.2.1

SynchroCast3 over IP Networks

When using an IP connection to each of the transmission sites, the NetXpress NIM-1 network interface module automatically detects the presence of the SNC-101T module and enables a special SynchroCast3 timing mode on the controller. With SynchroCast3 timing selected, the SNC-101T module can modify the receive jitter buffer in the NIM-1 module to reach a specified target delay. The Intraplex NetXpress Installation and Operation Manual gives more information on the NIM-1 module.

1.2.2

SynchroCast3 over T1 Networks

In SynchroCast3 installations using T1 circuits, a CM-5R-TD Time Delay Common Module needs to be installed at each of the transmitter locations, replacing the CM-5RB, CM-5R, or CM-5 common module found in the standard Access Server multiplexer. The CM-5R-TD module is a special network control module with a variable receive buffer that allows delays of up to 84 milliseconds to be introduced into the network. The SNC-101T module adjust the network delay by modifying the receive buffer depth on the CM-5R-TD module.

1.2.3

SynchroCast3 over E1 Networks

In SynchroCast3 installations using E1 circuits, a CM-7R-TD Time Delay Common Module needs to be installed at each of the transmitter locations, replacing the CM-7RB, CM-7R, or CM-7 common module found in the standard Access Server multiplexer. The CM-7R-TD module is a special network control module with a variable receive buffer that allows delays of up to 66 milliseconds to be introduced into

1-2


1—Introduction


the network. The SNC-101T module adjusts the network delay by modifying the receive buffer depth on the CM-7R-TD module.

1.3 Manual Use The manual “Table of Contents” shows locations for specific topic information. For general information, use these guidelines: ●

Readers unfamiliar with the SynchroCast3 System – Use this manual as a tutorial. Read or skim all sections in order.

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Installers – If you are already familiar with the SynchroCast3 system, finish reading this section and go directly to Section 3 – “Installation” for step-by-step installation instructions.

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Transmission and Planning Engineers – A SynchroCast3 operation and configuration overview is in Section 2 – “Functional Design” and specific guidelines are in Section 4 – “Configuration and Operation.” Section 5 – “Implementation Scenarios” gives equipment component lists and guidelines or procedures for implementing a SynchroCast3 system in various multiplexers. Section 6 – “Specifications” lists output, power, and other specification information.

If you have additional questions pertaining to the operation of your Intraplex SynchroCast3 system, you can call Networking Customer Service 24 hours daily or send a send non-emergency e-mail to ●

U.S., Canada, and Latin America: +1-217-222-8200 or [email protected]

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Europe, Middle East, and Africa: +44-118-967-8100 or [email protected]

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Asia and Pacific Rim: +852-2776-0628 or [email protected]


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Section 2 – Functional Design This section discusses simulcasting and the SynchroCast3 solution, including ●

Good signal reception criteria.

●

SynchroCast3 operation in distribution networks.

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Measuring and adjusting delays.

2.1 Good Reception Criteria When a receiver is in range of more than one transmitter operating at the same frequency, the criteria for good reception include relative signal strength and total transmission delay. Relative signal strength describes the relationship of two or more transmitted signals at a common receiver. For transmitters with overlapping coverage areas, the relative signal strength varies depending on the receiver’s geographic location within the overlap area. Total transmission delay is the elapsed time interval calculated from the moment the signal leaves the origination point to the moment it reaches the receiver. This delay can differ from one transmitter to another, based on the signal path of the specific origination point (the transmitter link).

Figure 2-1. Impairment Compared to Relative Delay and Protection Ratio Figure 2-1 shows the relationship between delay and relative signal strength. This FM transmission system has the same audio program simultaneously transported from Origination Point X over communication links to two transmitter sites (S1 and S2). In this example, both sites have equal transmission power. The total transmission delay between the origination point and each transmitter is different, based on an unknown number of devices in the electrical path. When Radio Receiver M is located in Capture Area A1, the receiver locks in the transmission from Site S1 due to the “capture effect” of FM receivers because the signal from S1 is much stronger in Capture Area A1 than the signal from Site S2. When the receiver is located in Capture Area A2, the reverse situation occurs. When the receiver is located in the Overlap Area B, however, it receives signals of almost equal strength from both transmitter sites. In this case, the receiver can jump between capture of either or admit both. Since the receiver is capturing both signals, it is critical that the signals be time-aligned so that the listener does not hear artifacts or a distorted audio signal. Effective implementation of the SynchroCast3 system is based on successful balancing of relative signal strengths within the overlap areas and aligning the audio delay at the precise targeted geographic location. Figure 2-2 shows the contours of relative signal strength from both sites. In Overlap Area B, the relative power levels differ by less than 6 dB. 2-1



2 – Functional Design

Figure 2-2. Overlap and Capture Areas The origination point distributes the same FM audio program or voice traffic using IP, T1, or E1 circuits in the public-switched telephone network. Therefore, different time delays occur between the origination point and the receiver in the overlap area, based on their locations. Factors affecting the total transmission delay time can include ●

Audio processing equipment delay.

●

IP, T1, or E1 network path delay.

●

Air path delay.

In the overlap area between two adjacent transmission sites, good reception requires equalizing time delay and phase alignment of the audio. Now, consider the relationship between the air path delay and the distance between the receiver and the two transmitter sites. Regardless of the transmitter’s signal power strength, the distance between the receiver and the transmitter determine the contours of the air path propagation delay. As Figure 2-3 shows, if each transmission site gives the same signal at exactly the same time, there is a line of equal delay that lies exactly halfway between them, perpendicular to a line connecting them. A receiver located anywhere on this line gets exactly the same signal at exactly the same time from both transmitters because the RF propagation delay from each transmitter is exactly the same for all points located on this line.

Figure 2-3. Propagation Delay Difference in Microseconds Other lines can also be defined along which a receiver picks up the signal from one transmitter at a constant specified interval before the other. These lines are in the shape of mathematical hyperbolas, with one transmitter or the other at the focal point.

2-2




In cases of unequal transmitter power balance, where the point of equal field strength is not located at the equal distance point, the signal delay at one of the transmitters must be intentionally and precisely altered. Altering the signal delay also alters the position of the delay curves relative to the signal level curves, thus eliminating problem areas or allowing them to be shifted to unpopulated areas, such as mountaintops or over bodies of water.

2.2 Distribution Networks A radio frequency transmission traverses about 981 feet (300 meters) in one microsecond (µS). If the time that a signal leaves a transmitter varies by 4 microseconds, the location of the equal-delay curve shifts by about a third of a mile (0.6 kilometers) from the reference line. This delay-curve change is equal to half of the transmitter signal propagation delay change. To maintain this degree of control, the delay of every element in the signal path, from the origination point to each antenna, must be controlled to the microsecond level of precision. T1 and E1 circuits over dedicated radio links tend to have fairly stable delay characteristics, typically in the 3-8 millisecond range. Public networks and IP packet transmissions are subject to rerouting; the phone company or service provider can shift the data to different physical network paths for many different reasons, such as hardware fault or excessive congestion. Rerouting can cause a sudden and dramatic change in the overall circuit delay and can happen as often as several times each day without warning. Private networks or microwave links can also be subject to variable delays on the order of tens of microseconds, as a result of data buffering in modems or other equipment. Long microwave links can have unequal amounts of delay shift due to path differences. The Intraplex SynchroCast3 system (Figure 1-1) solves these problems by automatically adjusting for any differences and variability in the path delay in three ways: ●

The program is distributed over the air as a discrete-channel digital audio signal, which facilitates amplitude and frequency response matching.

●

GPS receivers at all end points in the network provide extremely precise frequency and time references. The SynchroCast3 system uses the GPS frequency reference to calibrate the transmitter frequency directly, while using the time reference to adjust a variable time delay mechanism that automatically compensates for delay changes in the audio distribution network. The timing comparator (an SNC-101T function) receives input from a local timing reference of the transmitter site GPS receiver plus the master timing reference that arrives over the link, with exactly the same network delay as its accompanying audio signal.

●

The comparator measures the time offset between these two inputs and sends commands to the local system controller to create the overall delay required to compensate for any variations in the network delay. Overall, the system can control the path delay from the origination point to each transmitter to within 2 microseconds. This tolerance, if exceeded, drives slewing of the delay. Therefore, the system can be considered locked if the actual delay is ± 2 microseconds of the target for TDM based links, or ± 1 microseconds for IP transports. The requested value of each individual path delay can be offset in steps of 0.1 microseconds to optimize the performance of the system in the overlap regions. You can also configure the system to absorb path delay variations of up to • • •

84 milliseconds for T1 systems. 66 milliseconds for E1 systems. Hundreds of milliseconds for IP stream-based systems.

The audio and other multiplexed signals are not interrupted or perturbed in any way, even when delay adjustments are made. This uninterrupted signaling is called “hitless” operation and a patent has been issued covering the mechanism that accomplishes it. The system operates automatically once the initial installation and alignment are complete, keeping the total delay to each transmitter constant even if the actual path delay changes, as might occur if the network gets routed to an alternate path. The system delivers the audio signals to each transmitter with the desired degree of precision. It is important that the signal chain from that point to the antenna at each transmitter maintain the same GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

2-3



fixed delays or at least delays that track each other. The easiest way to assure these delays is by using identical processing and amplifying equipment at each transmitter site. At the origination point, the GPS receiver feeds its clock signal to the SNC-101S module for each transport link, and each SNC-101S module provides identical output reference signals for each link. At each transmitter site, the GPS receiver provides a local version of the same reference clock for comparison. It also supplies an accurate 10 MHz or 5 MHz reference signal to the transmitter itself. This slaves all transmitters to the same GPS controlled source, keeping all carrier frequencies precisely the same. The Intraplex system transports the reference information from the origination point to each transmitter site by a portion of bandwidth you select within the data link that is paired with the audio signal. The SNC-101T module compares the incoming data signal with that obtained from the local GPS receiver and calculates the amount of delay it took for the signal to arrive from the origination point. It then calculates the amount of delay that must be added to the actual path delay to reach the desired total delay and sends signals to the system controller module which adjusts the delay accordingly. The simulcast operation requires exact signal timing from all transmitters. Managing transmitted audio is an important factor for seamless reception in a simulcast system. While individual station operators have personal preferences when it comes to audio processing, it is important that the audio transmission be as consistent as possible, including density of processing and modulation levels, across all transmitter sites. One way to achieve this consistency is to locate all audio processing equipment at the origination point and split its output to the various data links. You can employ some amount of final peak limiting at the transmitter, but take care to make this identical at each transmitter site. Modulation levels at all transmitters should exactly match.

2.3 Delay Measurement and Adjustment You can use the SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules in the Intraplex STL-160, ACS-160, ADL-260, TDM-160, and TDM-260 series multiplexers and in NetXpress systems to provide a simulcast solution over digital data networks. The SNC-101S module is installed into the multiplexer at the audio origination point and needs to be distributed to the transmitter site over the same transport path as the simulcast audio. In NetXpress systems, the SNC-101T module measures the IP network delay, jitter buffer delay, and NIM-1 processing delay and compares these to the customer’s requested delay. Any offset error is reported to the NIM-1 software, and the controller readjusts the jitter buffer as necessary. For TDM-based links, the transmitter site multiplexer requires a CM-5R-TD (T1) or CM-7R-TD (E1) time delay common module to artificially delay the network. The SNC-101T module continuously measures and dynamically controls the common module to compensate for network changes and ensure that the play-out occurs at the customer’s requested delay value.

2.4 Synchronous Data Support The SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules (REV C) now support the Intraplex DS-967 Five-Port 9.6 kbps synchronous data transport module by distributing a 9600 Hz clock that is traceable to GPS reference timing. The SNC-101 modules interface to an external GPS receiver via industry standard 1 PPS and 10 MHz signals. The SNC-101 modules provide a 9600 baud clock signal to the backplane of the multiplexer for distribution to installed DS-967 modules. For this signal to be driven to the backplane, on the SNC101S or SNC-101T module, make sure the 2-pin shunt (jumper) at location JP6 is populated. When using this signal, if there is a terminal on the rear panel of the multiplexer designated “RING GEN,” confirm that there is no wiring connection made to it. In each multiplexer, only one SNC-101(S or T) module should have its JP6 populated with a 2-pin shunt to link this signal onto the backplane. Any quantity of DS-967 modules may share the signal provided by the SNC-101 module by having a 2-pin shunt installed at location JP4 on the DS-967 module.

2-4


No header

Section 3 – Installation This section describes installation procedures and guidelines for the Intraplex SynchroCast3 equipment and covers these topics: ●

Basic component and add-on lists

●

Varied system shipping and installation

●

Considerations

●

Installation

3.1 Basic Equipment Components 3.1.1

SynchroCast3 Modules

The SNC-101S module encodes the 1 PPS signal from the GPS receiver into a user-selectable time slot for use by the SNC-101T module at the transmitter site. Additional origination point units receive the same signal from the common GPS receiver. The SNC-101 modules have these functions: rd

●

Interfaces to a 3 party GPS receiver such as the TRAK 8821 or Spectracom SecureSync – This interface consists of 1 PPS and 10 MHz signals and alarm contact inputs to sense GPS receiver alarms.

●

SCB interfacing for remote control and monitoring

The SNC-101S at the origination point has these functions: ●

Generates a 1.544 MHz or 2.048 MHz timing signal referenced to the local GPS receiver – This timing reference signal is used to synchronize the multiplexer controller module.

●

Generates a timing frame that is transmitted on a user-selectable TDM time slot or fractional time slot – This timing frame is referenced to the local GPS receiver.

The SNC-101T at the transmitter site has these functions: ●

Receives a timing frame on a user-selectable TDM time slot – The timing frame is referenced to the origination point GPS receiver.

●

Calculates a target delay based upon information in the timing frame, the local GPS receive time, and a user-settable delay offset

●

Communicates a delay offset value to the multiplexer controller module

For FM stereo applications, the GatesAir Digit CD FM exciter’s 19 kHz pilot tone can be locked onto the GPS 10 MHz or 5 MHz signal. In addition, the pilot tone can be phase aligned with the SynchroCast3 system using a delayed 1 PPS signal generated by the SNC-101T module. Both the GatesAir Digit CD and the SynchroCast3 MA-480 module adapter require a 10 MHz GPS signal. This GPS signal must be branched so one connector can feed multiple inputs by using an external BNC “T” connector. The SNC-101S and the SNC-101T modules need to be properly configured to accept the local reference signals and communicate with each other. Use each of the switch controls to the modules for your application. Figure 3-1 shows a top view of the SNC-101S/T board layout.

3-1



3 – Installation

Figure 3-1. Top View of the SNC-101 Module

3.1.2

Basic Components and Add-on Lists

Tables 3-1 and 3-2 list the basic SynchroCast3 equipment package and the add-on SynchroCast3 equipment package components for T1 and E1 applications, in addition to the Access Server, CrossConnect, NetXpress, and other application modules. These packages might not be appropriate for your application, and you might save money by ordering the individual components for your installations. Table 3-1. SynchroCast3 T1/E1 Basic Equipment Package Item

Location

Qty

SNC-101S module with MA-480 module adapter

One in each multiplexer at origination point.

2

SNC-101T module with MA-480 module adapter

One in each multiplexer at a transmitter site.

CM-5R-TD (T1) or CM-7R-TD (E1) time delay common modules

One in the multiplexer at each transmitter site. Sold as an upgrade to a new system which normally includes the CM-5RB/CM-5 module in T1 systems or the CM-7RB/CM-7 module in E1 systems.

2

SNC-SC-8 cable set

Cabling kit to connect either TRAK 8821H or Spectracom GPS receiver to an MA-480 module adapter at either origination point or transmitter.

3

SNC-SC-9 cable set

Cabling kit to connect the expansion multiplexer at the origination point.

1

2

The basic equipment package accommodates simulcasting from two TDM multiplexers at one origination point to two transmitter sites. Order the SynchroCast3 basic package as SNC3-T1 for T1 systems or SNC3-E1 for E1 systems. Each additional multiplexer requires an add-on equipment package.

3-2


3 – Installation


Table 3-2. SynchroCast3 Add-on Equipment Components Item

Location

Qty

SNC-101S module with MA-480 module adapter

One at the origination point.

1

SNC-101T module with MA-480 module adapter

One at the transmitter site.

CM-5R-TD (T1) or CM-7R-TD (E1) time delay common modules

One in each multiplexer at the transmitter site. Sold as an upgrade to a new system which normally includes the CM-5RB/CM-5 module in T1 systems or the CM-7RB/CM-7 module in E1 systems.

1

SNC-SC-8 cable set

Cabling kit to connect either TRAK 8821H or Spectracom GPS receiver to an MA-480 module adapter at the transmitter.

1

SNC-SC-9 cable set

Cabling kit to connect either the TRAK 8821H or Spectracom GPS receiver to an MA-480 at the origination point.

1

1

Order the SynchroCast3 add-on package as SNC3EXP-T1 for T1 systems or SNC3EXP-E1 for E1 systems.

3.1.3

Varied Shipping and Installation

When you provide the appropriate information prior to purchase, various SynchroCast3 modules and their module adapters can be installed in the multiplexers before shipping. You can also order the SynchroCast3 system as a complementary addition to existing Intraplex systems. Adding to an existing system requires that the SynchroCast3 equipment be configured and installed in the field. Note: The Installation section of the GatesAir Intraplex multiplexer manual that came with your unit gives complete installation details on connecting power, a T1 or E1 circuit, and payload signals.

3.2 System Considerations Before actually installing SynchroCast3 system components, you must consider these factors: ●

Single-Unit versus Multiple-Unit Control Point Configuration Whether to use one or more SNC-101S channel modules at the origination point depends on the number of simulcast sites and the available networking topology (Section 5 – “Implementation Scenarios”). NetXpress multiplexer installations can often network multicasting to send the information from a single SNC-101S module to all of the field locations. A single TDM multiplexer can use time slot cross connection within the network to duplicate the same information to multiple locations. Where multicast is unavailable, a single SNC-101S module in the NetXpress multiplexer can still deliver signals to four locations using a special multi-unicast technique programmed into the TDM bus map. For many remaining scenarios, the network equipment consists of a multiplexer connected point-to-point to each of the field transmitter sites. In this application, each of the centrally located multiplexers requires the installed SNC-101S module to supply synchronization to its individual data link. For installations with multiple interconnected chassis at a single SynchroCast3 site, you must connect the same timing and audio signals to many devices. The MA-480 module adapter permits timing connections of multiple units. In such a system, you should set only the last MA-480 module adapter to terminate the cabled connections. Leave the switches on the remaining MA-480 module adapters in the Off position (factory default). Table A-1 gives more information.

●

Physical Slot Selection To minimize cabling confusion, you can install the SNC-101S and SNC-101T channel modules and the MA-480 module adapter in closest proximity to the system controller. More importantly, the modules and adapters for your simulcast transmission audio and data must also be present in the same TDM bus as the SNC-101S or SNC-101T module.


3-3

Intraplex SynchroCast3 System Version 2.11, December 2011 •

•

●

For NetXpress multiplexers: Install the SNC-101S or SNC-101T channel module and the MA-480 module adapter into physical slot 12. This keeps the interconnecting cables short and permits the SNC-101 module to access bus TDM2A or TDM2B. The channel modules for your simulcast transmission audio also need to access this same TDM bus, so install them in physical slots 7 through 11. For TDM multiplexers: Install the SNC-101S or SNC-101T channel module and the MA-480 module adapter into physical slot 2. If you have a redundant controller already installed in this slot, go to slot 3.

Time Slot Selection The SNC-101S module requires the use of a time slot to carry synchronization data. You can use any available time slot in the multiplexer to transport this information. The time slot that you select needs to remain in the same position within the group of time slots carrying your simulcast transmission audio and be carried through the network to every transmitter location. Use whatever time slot you select at all locations. For successful operation, the audio channels should also be kept in the same time slots at all locations. • •

●

3 – Installation

For NetXpress multiplexers: For optimum bandwidth efficiency, the time slot that you select should be adjacent to the time slots required for your simulcast transmission audio and data and typically set for time slot 1. For TDM multiplexers: The entire TDM frame becomes synchronized, so you can select any available time slot for the SNC-101 channel module. The usual setting is time slot 24 for T1 and time slot 31 for E1 systems. The SNC-101 module requires the use of only a partial time slot to carry the synchronization data, designed specifically to permit sharing of this same time slot with the COMM function of the CM-5R/7R common module as long as COMM and the SNC-101 modules are both set to 32kbps or less. This method frees one additional time slot for other data.

Local or Remote Operation The SynchroCast3 channel modules can be remote-controlled and adjusted individually in a network of synchronous transmitter sites (Section 4.1 – Local or Remote Control Operation). When using remote control, you can change configuration parameters by virtual access to the multiplexer. You can enable remote control on each SNC-101 module by setting its REMOTE switch down toward the circuit board. If left in Local mode, with the REMOTE switch set up and away from the board, the SNC-101T module defaults to an initial delay value of 10.000 milliseconds, a typical buffer depth for most TDM-based applications. Once a system is installed and responding as expected, you can enable remote control operation and fine tune the system. •

•

For NetXpress multiplexers: A delay value of 10.000 milliseconds is probably too short to accommodate most IP-based transmission installations. A working depth of 100 milliseconds is more practical so, after changing the SNC-101T modules to remote-control operation, you can perform adjustments to the system using a Web browser. For TDM multiplexers: You can adjust the SNC-101T module using the IntraGuide Configuration and Management Software 5.1 or later versions. IntraGuide software is a free download available at www.gatesair.com.

3.3 System Installation The basic installation process includes 1. Unpack and inspect the equipment. 2. Install the multiplexer shelves and GPS equipment into equipment racks at all sites. 3. Wire the power, analog, data, and network connections at all sites. Here are the steps for each part of this process.

3-4


3 – Installation

3.3.1


Unpack and Inspect the Equipment

1. Upon receiving the equipment, inspect all shipping containers for damage. If you see any damage, notify the shipper immediately. 2. Unpack the equipment. 3. Inspect the equipment for damage. Also check that the modules and module adapters are seated properly and secured to the shelf. 4. Verify that the system is equipped as specified. If you have questions regarding possible equipment damage or shipping errors, contact GatesAir Customer Service: ● ● ●

U.S., Canada, and Latin America: Europe, Middle East, and Africa: Asia and Pacific Rim:

+1-217-222-8200 or [email protected] +44-118-964-8100 or [email protected] +852-2776-0628 or [email protected]

Warning! Follow your company’s rules regarding AC powered equipment installation. If there is a conflict between any procedure in this document and your company's safety rules, your company’s safety rules must take priority.

3.3.2

Install Multiplexer Shelves and GPS Equipment (All Sites)

1. At each SynchroCast3 site, choose a convenient location in an equipment rack for the multiplexer shelves. Make sure that the power cords, signal cables, and GPS antenna cable can reach to the rear of the shelf. Spacing above and below the multiplexer (1RU) ensure adequate air flow. 2. Verify that all modules and module adapters are properly configured before installing them into the shelf. Use Section 4.4 to configure the SNC-101S and SNC-101T channel modules. Warning! Hot insertion or removal of a module adapter while a channel module is in place is not recommended, as it could damage the channel module or the module adapter. To remove a module adapter while the system is turned on (has power), first remove the associated channel module. Similarly, to install a new channel module, first install the module adapter and then install the module itself. 3. To install the SNC-101S or SNC-101T module a. b. c. d.

Use the SCB switches to set the channel card address to any number from 1 to 36 (Table 4-1) which is not being used by another card in the same multiplexer. The recommended SCB is the physical slot number within the chassis where the SNC-101 module is to be installed. Enable remote control by setting the REMOTE switch (bank SW-4, switch number 3) down toward the printed circuit board. Once you enable this switch, you can control all other switches via software. With the white eject tab toward the floor, insert the SNC-101S module into the front of the multiplexer so that it seats securely. You must install the MA-480 module adapter on the rear of the shelf directly behind the SNC101 module. Table A-1 in Appendix A gives MA-480 configuration settings.

4. Bolt the shelves into the rack using appropriate hardware (not supplied). 5. Install the GPS receiver equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 6. Repeat this procedure for systems at each SynchroCast3 location.

3.3.3

Set Up SynchroCast3 Cabling

Figures 3-2 and 3-3 show the cabling required at the Intraplex NetXpress origination point and transmitter site.


3-5


3 – Installation

Ethernet WAN NIM-1 Intraplex TDM Bus

1.544 MHZ or 2.048 MHZ

MIU-201 Timing In

1 PPS Spectracom SecureSync or Trak 8821 GPS Receiver

Timing Out SNC-101S

MA-480

10 MHz

Tx

CONTACTS

Figure 3-2. SynchroCast3 with NetXpress Multiplexer – Origination Point Cabling

Digit CD (FM Exciter)

MIU-201

NIM-1

Intraplex TDM Bus

Timing In

Timing Out 1 PPS 10 MHz

CONTACTS

MA-480

SNC-101T

Rx

1 PPS Delayed

Spectracom SecureSync or Trak 8821 GPS Receiver

1.544 MHZ or 2.048 MHZ

Ethernet WAN

Figure 3-3. SynchroCast3 with NetXpress Multiplexer – Transmitter Site Cabling

3.3.4

Wire Power, Analog, Data, and Network Connections

1. Connect the IP/T1/E1 network cable to the connector on the rear of the multiplexer controller’s module adapter (MA-215/MA-217A/MA-217B for TDM systems; MIU-201 or MIU-202 for NetXpress systems). 2. Install the GPS antenna cables from the GPS receiver according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

3-6


3 – Installation


3. If you have only a single SynchroCast3 shelf or this is the last shelf in a daisy-chain configuration, set the MA-480 module adapter switches 1-6 to On. For Spectracom SecureSync GPS receiver wiring, go to Step 4. For TRAK Microwave GPS clock wiring, go to Step 5. For Trimble Thunderbolt E GPS clock wiring, go to Step 6. 4. The Spectracom SecureSync GPS receiver provides 1 PPS signal as an unbalanced TTL level on a BNC connection. Connect the external timing as follows (Figures 3-4 and 3-5 for single shelf at origination point, Figures 3-6 and 3-7 for shelf and secondary shelf at origination point, and Figures 3-8 and 3-9 for shelf at transmitter): a. b.

c. d. e.

Connect the BNC to BNC cable to the 10 MHz clock signal output from the Spectracom SecureSync GPS receiver to the 10 MHz jack on the MA-480 module adapter. Connect the short RJ-11 to RJ-11 6-conductor straight-through wired cable from the TIM (timing) jack on the MA-480 module adapter to the TIMING IN jack behind the system controller (MA-215/MA-217A/MA-217B module adapter for TDM systems; MIU-201 or MIU-202 module interface unit for NetXpress systems; MA-230 module adapter on NetXpress LX systems). Select TTL (BNC) as the source for the 1 PPS signal by placing the 1 PPS SEL switch on the SNC-101S/T module (Figure 3-1) in the Up position. At each transmitter site, use a BNC to BNC cable to connect one of the Spectracom SecureSync GPS receiver 10 MHz clock signal output ports to the RF carrier signal reference input on your transmission equipment. Connect the antenna cable from the Spectracom SecureSync receiver to the GPS antenna.

Figure 3-4. Single TDM Multiplexer Wiring of Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point


3-7


3 – Installation

Figure 3-5. Single NetXpress Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point

Figure 3-6. Dual TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point

3-8


3 – Installation


Figure 3-7. Dual NetXpress Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Origination Point

Figure 3-8. TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Transmitter Site GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

3-9


3 – Installation

Figure 3-9. NetXpress Wiring of the Spectracom Receiver at Transmitter Site 5. The TRAK Microwave GPS Clock provides 1 PPS signal as an unbalanced TTL level on a BNC connection. Connect the external timing as follows (Figures 3-10 and 3-11 for single shelf at origination point, Figures 3-12 and 3-13 for shelf and secondary shelf at origination point, and Figure 3-14 and 3-15 for shelf at transmitter): a. b. c.

d.

e. f.

3-10

Connect a BNC to BNC cable from the TRAK Microwave GPS Clock (HI RATE) 10 MHz clock signal output to the 10 MHz input (JP6) at the base of the MA-480 module adapter. Connect a BNC to BNC cable from the TRAK Microwave GPS Clock 1 PPS signal output to the 1 PPS input (JP4) on the MA-480 module adapter. Connect the supplied DB-9M adapter [9557-2488 with three pins] to the status output of the TRAK Microwave GPS Clock. Connect the long RJ-11 to RJ-11 6-conductor straight-through wired cable from the adapter to the GPS input on the MA-480 module adapter. This cable can be split for multiple terminations (Figures 3-12 and 3-13). Connect the short RJ-11 to RJ-11 6-conductor straight-through wired cable from the TIM (timing) jack on the MA-480 module adapter to the TIMING IN jack behind the system controller (MA-215/MA-217A/MA-217B module adapter for TDM systems; MIU-201 or MIU-202 module interface unit on NetXpress systems; MA-230 module adapter on NetXpress LX systems). Select TTL (BNC) as the source for the 1 PPS signal by placing the 1 PPS SEL switch on the SNC-101S/T module (Figure 3-1) in the Up position. At each transmitter site, use a BNC “Tee” splitter to distribute the TRAK Microwave GPS Clock (HI RATE) 10 MHz clock signal output to the RF carrier signal reference input on your transmission equipment as well as the connection to the 10 MHz input jack (JP6) on the MA480.


3 – Installation


Figure 3-10. Single TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the TRAK GPS Clock at Origination Point

Figure 3-11. Single NetXpress Wiring of the TRAK GPS Clock at Origination Point


3-11


3 – Installation

Figure 3-12. Dual TDM Multiplexer Wiring of TRAK Microwave GPS Clock at Origination Point

3-12


3 – Installation


Figure 3-13. Dual NetXpress Wiring of the TRAK Microwave GPS Clock at Origination Point


3-13


3 – Installation

Figure 3-14. TDM Multiplexer Wiring of the TRAK Microwave GPS Clock at Transmitter Site

Figure 3-15. NetXpress Wiring of the TRAK Microwave GPS Clock at Transmitter Site 6. The Trimble Thunderbolt E GPS Disciplined Clock provides 1 PPS signal as an unbalanced TTL level on a BNC connection. Connect the external timing as follows (Figures 3-16 and 3-17 for single shelf at origination point, Figures 3-18 and 3-19 for shelf and secondary shelf at origination point, and Figure 3-20 and 3-21 for shelf at transmitter):

3-14


3 – Installation

a. b. c.

d. e.


Connect a BNC to BNC cable from the Trimble Thunderbolt E GPS Clock 10 MHz clock signal output to the 10 MHz input (JP6) at the base of the MA-480 module adapter. Connect a BNC to BNC cable from the Trimble Thunderbolt E GPS Clock 1 PPS signal output to the 1 PPS input (JP4) on the MA-480 module adapter. Connect the short RJ-11 to RJ-11 6-conductor straight-through wired cable from the TIM (timing) jack on the MA-480 module adapter to the TIMING IN jack behind the system controller (MA-215/MA-217A/MA-217B module adapter for TDM systems; MIU-201 or MIU-202 module interface unit on NetXpress systems; MA-230 module adapter on NetXpress LX systems). Select TTL (BNC) as the source for the 1 PPS signal by placing the 1 PPS SEL switch on the SNC-101S/T module (Figure 3-1) in the Up position. At each transmitter site, use a BNC “Tee” splitter to distribute the Trimble Thunderbolt E GPS Clock (HI RATE) 10 MHz signal output to the RF carrier signal reference input on your transmission equipment as well as the connection to the 10 MHz input jack (JP6) on the MA-480.

Figure 3-16. Single TDM Mux Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Origination Point

Figure 3-17. Single NetXpress Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Origination Point


3-15


3 – Installation

Figure 3-18. Dual TDM Mux Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Origination Point

3-16


3 – Installation


Figure 3-19. Dual NetXpress Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Origination Point

Figure 3-20. TDM Mux Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Transmitter Site GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

3-17


3 – Installation

Figure 3-21. NetXpress Wiring of Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock at Transmitter Site 7. If you need to connect additional multiplexers to these same GPS signals (Figures 3-6 and 3-8), split the cables using BNC “Tee” adapters. Make sure that only the last MA-480 module adapter in the chain has its switches set to terminate the cables and all others are in the Off mode (Table A-1). 8. For stereo broadcast transmitter sites, connect a BNC cable from the 1 PPS Delayed output (JP5) on the MA-480 module adapter to the pilot sync input of the stereo generator. 9. Connect AC or DC power as appropriate for your system.

3-18


Section 4 – Configuration & Operation This section discusses SynchroCast3 configuration and operation, including ●

Local or remote control operation.

●

Indicator lights.

●

Alerts and alarms.

●

Remote control interfaces.

●

Simulcast time delay adjustments and tune-up.

●

GPS equipment requirements and qualified receivers.

4.1 Local or Remote Control Operation You can operate the SNC-101S and SNC-101S in manual mode (“LOCAL”) or remote control (“REMOTE”) mode. Whether operated in Local or Remote mode, the system controller still accesses the module within the multiplexer. The system controller cannot make any remote control changes to the module while it is in Local mode, but the setup and operational status of the module remain available.

4.1.1

Set SCB Address

The SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules each have a set of six position DIP switches (SCB ADDR) for card addressing (Figure 4-1).

Figure 4-1. Top View of the SNC-101 Module Each module within a multiplexer needs a unique card address so that the system controller can identify the installed modules and monitor their operational states. If a new module is installed into the multiplexer with the same card address as another installed module, the controller cannot properly communicate with either module. To avoid any conflicts or interference to other modules operating in the multiplexer, take care to properly set the SCB Address switches on the modules prior to installing the SNC-101S/T modules. Set the SNC-101S/T SCB Address, using Switch Bank 1, to any number from 1 to 36 (Table 4-1) not in use by another card in the same multiplexer. The recommended SCB address is the physical slot number within the chassis where the SNC-101S/T module is installed. If you set all of the SCB ADDR switches to Off, the system controller can no longer view the card.


4-1


4 – Operation

Table 4-1. Card Address Setting – SW1 Card Address

Switch Settings: * 123456

Card Address

Switch Settings: * 123456

1

000001

19

010011

2

000010

20

010100

3

000011

21

010101

4

000100

22

010110

5

000101

23

010111

6

000110

24

011000

7

000111

25

011001

8

001000

26

011010

9

001001

27

011011

10

001010

28

011100

11

001011

29

011101

12

001100

30

011110

13

001101

31

011111

14

001110

32

100000

15

001111

33

100001

16

010000

34

100010

17

010001

35

100011

18

010010

36

100100

* 0 = OFF, 1 = ON

4.1.2

Set Remote Control

Select the LOCAL mode when Switch Bank 4 position 3 (REMOTE) is in the UP position. If Local Mode is selected, all remaining switches need to be manually configured as well, since each switch position can impact SNC-101 operation. You can often use the SNC-101S module in either Local or Remote mode. You need to set the SNC101T to Remote mode for most applications, since the module remains at a fixed delay setting of 10.000 milliseconds when it is in Local mode. Select REMOTE by setting Switch Bank 4 position 3 (REMOTE) to the DOWN position. If you select Remote mode, all remaining configuration switches are ignored and you can control the module remotely.

4.2 SynchroCast3 Modules 4.2.1

Set Data Switches

If you have elected to set up the modules using Local mode, you must manually configure each switch on the SNC-101 module to fit your installation requirements. DATA RATE – SW2 positions 6 and 7 The SNC-101 modules need their Data Rate switches (Table 4-2) to match at all locations in order to communicate properly. Select the data rate so that they all match. The data rate needs to be less than 64 kbps only if you share the time slot with RBS or other functions. 4-2


4 – Operation


Table 4-2. Data Rate Switch Combinations Switch Position Parameter

DATA RATE

6

7

Description

UP

UP

8 kb/s

DOWN

UP

16 kb/s

UP

DOWN 32 kb/s

DOWN

DOWN 64 kb/s

Alarm Polarity – SW2 position 8 The Alarm Polarity function allows the SNC-101 modules to work with various GPS receiver brands. Some of these receivers issue an Alert or Alarm condition by presenting a contact closure, while others indicate normal operation with a contact closure and a fault by opening the contact. For GPS receivers with normally open contacts (such as the Trak 8821), set Switch Bank SW2 position 8 to the UP position. GPS receivers with normally closed contacts (like the Spectracom GPS Master Oscillator) need Switch Bank SW2 position 8 to be in the DOWN position. 1 PPS Selection – SW3 position 1 The MA-480 module adapter can accept its GPS 1 PPS input reference signal from the BNC port (1 PPS) or the RJ-11 (GPS) connector. These GPS receivers provide a 1 PPS signal as an unbalanced TTL level on a BNC connection: ●

Spectracom SecureSync

●

TRAK Microwave GPS Clock

●

Trimble Thunderbolt GPS Clock

To select the MA-480 BNC port as the 1 PPS input source set Switch bank SW3 position 1 (1 PPS SEL) to the UP position. The older Spectracom 8195 GPS Master Oscillator provides a 1 PPS signal as a balanced RS-422 signal on an RJ-11 cable connection. The MA-480 accepts this type of input on its GPS port. To select the MA-480 GPS port as the 1 PPS input source, set Switch bank SW3 position 1 (1 PPS SEL) to the DOWN position. CAS – SW3 position 2 If your installation is operating in E1 bus mode with CAS signaling, the set switch bank SW3 position 2 (CAS) should be in the DOWN position. GPS Alarm – SW3 position 3 (SNC-101T only) When enabled, the GPS Alarm feature can sense an alarm on the GPS receiver at the transmitter or origination point and instruct the SNC-101T module to hold and not make any additional calculations. Enable this feature by setting switch bank 3 position 3 (GLS-ALM) to the DOWN position. Timeslot – SW3 positions 4-8 SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules occupy one full or partial time slot of the multiplexer's aggregate signal, depending on the data rate selected. 1 PPS Delay – SW2 position 5 (SNC-101T REV C and higher) When enabled, the target delay set in the SCB registers is ignored; instead, the target delay is the same as the externally programmed 1 PPS delay. The rising edge of the 9600 Hz clock is aligned to the rising edge of the externally delayed 1 PPS GPS clock. Some GPS receivers, such as the Spectracom 8195, can delay their 1 PPS output by a user-programmable amount from 0 to 1 second in 0.001 uS steps. For NetXpress: Select a time slot within the same bus (TDM1A, TDM1B, TDM2A or TDM2B) as the broadcast audio modules. GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

4-3


4 – Operation

For TDM Multiplexers: Choose any free time slot within or select the same time slot in use by the COMM feature of the CM-5/7R-TD module. If you choose to share the COMM time slot, the data rate on both features must be set to 32 kbps or less. Terminal Direction – SW4 position 1 Set switch bank 4 position 1 (TERM) to the DOWN position to select the default network controller in a terminal multiplexer, or the primary network direction (DI-A) in a drop-and-insert multiplexer, or the A-Bus (TDM1A or TDM2A) in the NetXpress multiplexer. To select the secondary network direction (DI-B) in a drop-and-insert multiplexer or the B-Bus (TDM1B or TDM2B) in the NetXpress multiplexer, set switch bank 3 position 4 (TERM) to the UP position. Aux – SW4 position 2 You can set the AUX switch (switch bank 4 position 2) to accept either a 10 MHz or 5 MHz clock. To accept a 10 MHz GPS clock, set the AUX switch to the UP position. To accept a 5 MHz GPS clock, set this switch to the DOWN position. Remote Control – SW4 position 3 To instruct the SNC-101 module to observe all of its other switch settings, set switch bank 4 position 3 (REMOTE) to the UP position. If “Remote” is in the DOWN position, you manage all module configurations by remote control. Service OFF – SW4 position 4 Set switch bank 4 position 4 (OFF) to the UP position to set the module in-service. If you need to disable the SNC-101 module, set this switch to the DOWN position. Note: If switch bank SW4 position 3 (REMOTE) is in the DOWN position, this switch is ignored.

4.2.2

Set Time Slot Switches

Table 4-3 shows the time slot switch settings when the modules are in use in T1-based and E1-based multiplexers. When operating in T1 bus mode, the time slots are numbered from 1 to 24, and all are available for payload; in an E1 bus mode, they are numbered from 0 to 31, with time slot 0 always reserved for framing and time slot 16 also reserved if the system bus is configured for CAS signaling.

4-4


4 – Operation


Table 4-3. Time Slot Settings Starting Time Slot Selection – SW3, Positions 4 - 8 SW4 Positions* 45679

Time Slot (T1)

Time Slot (E1)

SW4 Positions* 45679

Time Slot (T1)

Time Slot (E1)

00000

1

0 (illegal)

10000

17

16**

00001

2

1

10001

18

17

00010

3

2

10010

19

18

00011

4

3

10011

20

19

00100

5

4

10100

21

20

00101

6

5

10101

22

21

00110

7

6

10110

23

22

00111

8

7

10111

24

23

01000

9

8

11000

illegal

24

01001

10

9

11001

illegal

25

01010

11

10

11010

illegal

26

01011

12

11

11011

illegal

27

01100

13

12

11100

illegal

28

01101

14

13

11101

illegal

29

01110

15

14

11110

illegal

30

01111

16

15

11111

illegal

31

* 0 = UP, 1 = DOWN ** Time slot 16 is reserved for signaling and multi-frame synchronization in the E1 CAS signaling format. If you use CCS signaling, time slot 16 is available for payload. Setting the CAS switch on causes the multiplexer to skip time slot 16 when filling either sequential or alternating time slots.

4.3 Indicator Lights, Alerts, and Alarms The SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules have four switch banks and four lights (Figure 4-1). Table 4-4 lists the lights and indicator colors on the SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules. Table 4-4. SNC-101 Indicator Lights Light

Color

Description

SRVC

Green

Lit if the module is enabled, in-service.

FAIL

Red

Lit if the module detects an internal hardware failure.

ALERT

Yellow

Lit on any active alert condition (configuration error, GPS receiver alarm, remote GPS receiver alarm, PLL lock, synchronization fault).

LOCK

Green

(SNC-101T module only) Lit if requested time delay is equal to actual delay.

SYNC

Green

(SNC-101T module only) Lit if SNC-101T module is receiving the encoded data stream transmitted by the SNC-101S module.

In normal operation, the SNC-101S module’s green SRVC light should be on. In initial start-up, SNC-101T module’s green SRVC light and SYNC light should be on. Once the network delay matches the requested amount of delay, the green LOCK light should also be on. An SNC-101 module can detect a variety of error conditions, which can cause the yellow ALERT light to turn on. The SNC-101S module generates a shelf alert based on these conditions: GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

4-5


4 – Operation

●

User Configuration Error: An error such as an invalid time slot (0 in E1, 25 to 31 in T1) or time slot 16 while CAS is enabled (E1 only).

●

GPS Receiver Alarm: The local GPS receiver has asserted an alarm condition. (The conditions that cause the GPS alarm contact to activate are a function of the GPS receiver, and many times are user-configurable.)

●

GPS Receiver Signal Error: GPS 1 PPS and/or GPS 10 (or 5) MHz signal error. A problem has been detected on either the 1 PPS or 10 (or 5) MHz signal. A GPS signal error occurs when the SNC-101T/S FPGA determines the relationship of the 1 PPS signal and 10 (or 5) MHz GPS signals to be incorrect. Usually, this occurs when a cable is unplugged. It can also happen if the 10 MHz GPS signal is not frequency “locked” to the 1 PPS signal. The two signals must have a 1 PPM or better timing relationship. So, for every 1 PPS pulse, there should be 9,999,990 to 10,000,0010 10 MHz pulses.

●

PLL Lock: The SNC-101S PLL has failed to lock to the 10 (or 5) MHz reference clock provided by the local GPS receiver. The PLL is used to generate a 1.544 or 2.048 MHz RS-422 clock for external timing of a CM-5RB or CM-7RB common module.

The SNC-101T module generates a shelf alert based on these conditions: ●

User Configuration Error: An error such as invalid time slot (0 in E1, 25 to 31 in T1), or time slot 16 while CAS is enabled (E1 only), or a target buffer delay setting of over 1 second (SNC101T only).

●

GPS Receiver Alarm: Local GPS receiver alarm condition. (The conditions that cause the GPS alarm contact to activate are a function of the GPS receiver, and you can often configure them.)

●

Remote GPS Receiver Alarm: Far end GPS receiver alarm condition.

●

GPS Receiver Signal Error: GPS 1 PPS and/or GPS 10 MHz signal error. A problem has been detected on either the 1 PPS or 10/5 MHz signal. A GPS signal error occurs when the SNC-101T/S FPGA determines the relationship of the 1 PPS signal and 10/5 MHz GPS signals to be incorrect. Usually, this occurs when a cable is unplugged. It can also happen if the 10/5 MHz GPS signal is not frequency “locked” to the 1 PPS signal. The two signals must have a 1 PPM or better timing relationship. So, for every 1 PPS pulse, there should be 9,999,990 to 10,000,0010 10 MHz pulses.

●

PLL Lock: SNC-101S PLL has failed to lock to 10/5 MHz reference clock provided by the local GPS receiver. The PLL needs to synchronize to the 10/5 MHz to generate a 1.544 or 2.048 MHz RS-422 clock used for external timing of the multiplexer.

●

Synchronization: SNC-101T TDM receiver has failed to synchronize to SNC-101S TDM transmitter, most likely due to a configuration error or setup problem.

Since so many possible faults can contribute to the ALERT light, it is usually easier to use remote control methods to diagnose the primary reason for the alert condition.

4.4 Remote Control Interface You can use remote control access to configure SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules if you have set switch bank SW4 position 3 to the DOWN position. With remote control, certain configuration parameters are available that cannot be accessed using the card switch banks. Different methods of remote control access are available, based on the type of multiplexer and the data network: ●

For NetXpress Multiplexers: Web browser access to configuration and status menus and SNMP access for managed networks.

●

For TDM Multiplexers: Intraplex IntraGuide Configuration and Management software access using the local RS-232/RS-485 serial communications and built-in in-band communications channels to link multiple locations.

See the multiplexer operation manual for details on establishing communications with the network controller. Once you have access to each network controller, the SNC-101 modules are available as installed subordinate channel cards. For both SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules, remote control gives you access to 4-6


4 – Operation


●

TDM time slot position and data rate (64, 32, 16, and 8 kB/s).

●

Selection of CAS mode (skip time slot 16).

●

Source selection of 1 PPS GPS reference which can be either from the MA-480 BNC connector ([TRAK 8821 or Spectracom SecureSync) or the RS-422 signal interface using a 6-pin phone jack (Spectracom 8195B).

●

Generic Intraplex channel modules configurations and statuses such as FAIL, ALERT, SRVC, TERM, and REMOTE.

●

Status monitoring of the GPS receiver alarm contact. (The conditions that cause the GPS receiver alarm contact to activate can be user-programmable. Your GPS receiver manual gives more information.)

●

Status monitoring of the PLL lock condition. A PLL generates a 1.544 or 2.048 MHz RS-422 clock used for external timing of multiplexers. The PLL locks onto the 10/5 MHz reference clock provided by the local GPS receiver.

●

T1 or E1 mode of operation. The SNC-101 automatically detects the TDM backplane clock rate to configure itself for T1 or E1 mode of operation.

Note: If the SNC-101T module is not set to Remote but remains in Local mode, the target delay is preset to 10,000 microseconds.

4.4.1

Configure SNC-101S and SNC-101T Modules in NetXpress System

If you have set either or both SNC-101 modules to Remote mode and you have a NetXpress system, you can remotely configure the modules. If they are still set to Local mode, you can review your configuration on these screens. On the NetXpress Home page, click Open on the module to access the module screens (Figures 4-2 through 4-5).

4.4.1.1

Configure SNC-101S in NetXpress System

The Configure screen appears first. Click the Status tab to change to the Status screen. If you make any changes, press Submit before leaving the screen to save the changes.

Figure 4-2. NetXpress SNC-101S Module - Configure Tab Alias Name: Type a name to help identify the module type. Shelf Name: The name you specify that identifies this multiplexer. Edit this name on the General Setup screen. (To access this screen, point to System Config and click General.) GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

4-7


4 – Operation

Card Address: The SCB address assigned to the module. Valid addresses are 1 through 36 but should normally be set to 1-12 to identify the card slot where the module resides. This value reflects the setting of switch bank SW1 positions 1-6 on the module and therefore must be set manually. TDM Bus: The TDM bus on which the channel module resides. This field is read-only. Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf. Remote Control: The desired operation for the module, either REMOTE or LOCAL mode. This field is read-only. Enable Module: Select this check box to place the module in service. If left blank, the module remains offline. Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured. This field is read-only. TDM Bus Configuration ●

Timeslot: Click an up or down arrow to specify the desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in a T1 system; 1 to 31 in an E1 system).

●

TDM Bus: Click either Bus A or Bus B on the list to indicate the current bus side.

●

T1 (24 time slots): This option is set when using a T1-based system. This field is read-only.

●

E1 (31 time slots): This option (for 31 usable time slots) is set when using an E1-based system. This field is read-only.

●

Skip Timeslot 16: Select this check box to set the module for use in an E1 (2 MB) multiplexer set for CAS signaling.

Other Configuration ●

1PPS Connector: Click an option to change the local GPS 1 PPS reference to BNC or RS-422. Click BNC to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a TTL level input on the MA-480 1 PPS port. Click RS422 to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a balanced RS-422 signal arriving on the MA-480 GPS RJ-11 port.

●

Alarm Polarity: Click an option to set the alarms for normally open contacts or normally closed contacts. Click Normally Open for alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally open contacts (such as the Trak 8821). Click Normally Closed when connected to a GPS receiver with normally closed contacts (like the Spectracom SecureSync or the Spectracom 8195), which reflects the condition present on switch bank SW2 position 8.

●

GPS Frequency: Click to set the GPS clock frequency to either 10 MHz or 5 MHz.

●

Data Rate: Click a data rate from the list (8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps) that the module uses to communicate to the SNC-101T modules in the field. The SNC-101S and SNC-101T values need to match for proper operation.

Refresh: Click this button to refresh this page in the Web browser and discard any changes you made to the screen. Submit: Click this button to apply your changes to the settings on this screen. Reset: Click this button to change screen fields back to their previous values, discarding any changes you made on the screen. Previous Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available card to the left of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the left of this module. Next Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available card to the right of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the right of this module.

4-8


4 – Operation


Figure 4-3. NetXpress SNC-101S Module - Status Tab The Status screen fields are read-only; you cannot change any values on this screen. Alias Name: The name you specify to help identify the module type. Shelf Name: The name you specify that identifies this multiplexer. Edit this name on the General Setup screen. (To access this screen, point to System Config and click General.) Card Address: The SCB address assigned to the module. Valid addresses are 1 through 36 but should normally be set to 1-12 to identify the card slot where the module resides. This value reflects the setting of switch bank SW1 positions 1-6 on the module and therefore must be set manually. TDM Bus: The TDM bus on which the channel module resides. Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf. Remote Control: The desired operation for the module, either REMOTE or LOCAL mode. Enable Module: Whether the module is in service or offline. Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured. In Service: Whether the module is in service (green) or out of service gray). Alarm: If there is an active alarm (red) or alert (yellow) on the module. Gray indicates no alarm or alert. Config Error: If there is a configuration error (yellow). A configuration error occurs when the time slot for the module is conflicting with another module in the system or when the number of occupied time slots exceeds system availability. Gray indicates no error. Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually or click an option to set the browser to refresh automatically at 5 second, 10 second, or 30 second intervals. TDM Bus Configuration ●

TDM Bus: The current bus side, either Bus A or Bus B.

●

Timeslot: The desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in T1 system; 1 to 31 in E1 system).

●

Skip Timeslot 16: This check box is selected if the module is being used in an E1 (2MB) multiplexer set for CAS signaling.


1PPS Connector: Displays BNC or RS422, depending on the selection made on the Configuration screen.


4-9


4 – Operation

●

Alarm Polarity: Displays Normally Open or Normally Closed, depending on the selection made on the Configuration screen.

●

FPGA Version: The internal module revision of the SNC-101S module.

●

Data Rate: The data rate that the module uses to communicate to SNC-101T modules in the field. The value simply needs to match on the SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules for proper operation. The choices are 8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps.

●

GPS Frequency: The GPS clock frequency setting: 10 MHz or 5 MHz. This field is read-only.

Status ●

GPS Alarm: Red indicates that the local GPS receiver has asserted an alarm condition, that the Alarm Polarity is improperly selected, or that it is set to Normally closed and the connecting cable has been removed. Gray indicates a normal condition.

●

GPS Signal Error: GPS 1 PPS signal error. Red indicates a problem has been detected on the 1 PPS input signal, the signal is missing, or the wrong 1 PPS input source has been selected. Gray indicates a normal condition.

●

TDM Bus Lock: Green indicates that the PLL using the TDM bus clock as its source has locked to (or is synchronized to) the clock. Red indicates that the PLL has not locked to the TDM bus clock.

●

9.6 kHz Lock: Green indicates that the PLL that generates the 9.6 kHz transmit clock has locked to its source. Red indicates that the PLL failed to lock to its source.

Previous Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available module to the left of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the left of this module. Next Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available module to the right of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the right of this module.

4.4.1.2

Configure SNC-101T in NetXpress System

Figure 4-4. NetXpress SNC-101T Module - Configure Tab

4-10


4 – Operation


Alias Name: Type a name to help identify the module type. Shelf Name: The name you specify that identifies this multiplexer. Edit this name on the General Setup screen. (To access this screen, point to System Config and click General.) Card Address: The SCB address assigned to the module. Valid addresses are 1 through 36 but should normally be set to 1-12 to identify the card slot where the module resides. This value reflects the setting of switch bank SW1 positions 1-6 on the module and therefore must be set manually. TDM Bus: The TDM bus identifier on which the channel module resides. This field is read-only. Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf. Remote Control: The desired operation for the module, either REMOTE or LOCAL mode. This field is read-only. Enable Module: Select this check box to place the module in service. If left blank, the module remains offline. Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured. This field is read-only. TDM Bus Configuration ●

Timeslot: Click an up or down arrow to specify the desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in a T1 system; 1 to 31 in an E1 system).

●

TDM Bus: Click either Bus A or Bus B on the list to indicate the current bus side.

●

T1 (24 time slots): This option is set when using a T1-based system. This field is read-only.

●

E1 (31 time slots): This option (for 31 usable time slots) is set when using an E1-based system. This field is read-only.

●

Skip Timeslot 16: Select this check box to set the module for use in an E1 (2MB) multiplexer set for CAS signaling.


1PPS Connector: Click BNC to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a TTL level input on the MA-480 1 PPS port. Click RS422 to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a balanced RS-422 signal arriving on the MA-480 GPS RJ-11 port.

●

Alarm Polarity: Click Normally Open for alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally open contacts (such as the Trak 8821). Click Normally Closed when connected to a GPS receiver with normally closed contacts (like the Spectracom SecureSync or the Spectracom 8195). In Local mode, this indicates the position of switch bank SW2 position 8.

●

Requested Time Delay: The target play-out time for the SynchroCast system. Type the entire encode-to-decode propagation delay through the network. The working range for this value is based on the parameters (frames/packet, jitter buffer) of the stream transporting the SNC-101S data to this SNC-101T module. In Local mode, this value is 10.0000 milliseconds.

●

GPS Frequency: Click to set the GPS clock frequency to 10 MHz or 5 MHz.

●

Data Rate: Click a data rate from the list (8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps) that the module uses to communicate to the SNC-101T modules in the field. The SNC-101S and SNC-101T values need to match for proper operation.

●

No Delay Change if GPS Alarm: Select this check box to prevent the SNC-101T module from performing any additional delay calculations during the presence of a GPS alarm detected at the origination point or the transmitter site. For local operations, this corresponds to the switch labeled GPS ALM on switch band 3 position number 3. This feature is Enable GPS Alarm in the NetXpress system.

●

Set Target Delay From 1PPS Delay: Select this check box to enable a delayed 1 PPS signal from the external GPS receiver. If this check box is selected, the 24-bit target delay set in the SNC-101T configuration registers are ignored; instead, the target delay is set to be the same as the externally programmed 1 PPS delay. If this check box is cleared, the SNC-101T target delay is used.


4-11


4 – Operation

Refresh: Click this button to refresh this page in the web browser and discard any changes you made to the screen. Submit: Click this button to apply your changes to the settings on this screen. Reset: Click this button to change screen fields back to their previous values, discarding any changes you made on the screen. Previous Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available module to the left of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the left of this module. Next Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available module to the right of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the right of this module.

Figure 4-5. NetXpress SNC-101T Module - Status Tab Note: A network stream that links the SNC-101S with the SNC-101T needs to be established and brought into service before many of these alert and alarm conditions shows a normal state. All Status fields are read-only; these values cannot be changed on the Status tab. Alias Name: The name you specify that identifies this module. Edit this label as desired. Shelf Name: The name you specify that identifies this multiplexer. Edit this name on the General Setup screen. (To access this screen, point to System Config and click General.) Card Address: The SCB address assigned to the module. Valid addresses are 1 through 36 but should normally be set to 1-12 to identify the card slot where the module resides. This value reflects the setting of switch bank SW1 positions 1-6 on the module and therefore must be set manually. TDM Bus: The TDM bus on which the channel module resides. 4-12


4 – Operation


Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf. Remote Control: The desired operation for the module, either REMOTE or LOCAL mode. Enable Module: Indicates whether the module is in service or offline. Module Configured: Indicates whether or not the module is properly configured. In Service: Whether the module is in service (green) or out of service gray). Alarm: If there is an active alarm (red) or alert (yellow) on the module. Gray indicates no alarm or alert. Config Error: If there is a configuration error (yellow). A configuration error occurs when the time slot for the module is conflicting with another module in the system or when the number of occupied time slots exceeds system availability. Gray indicates no error. Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually or click an option to set the browser to refresh automatically at 5 second, 10 second, or 30 second intervals. TDM Bus Configuration ●

TDM Bus: The current bus side, either Bus A or Bus B.

●


●

Skip Timeslot 16: This check box is selected if the module is being used in an E1 (2MB) multiplexer set for CAS signaling.


1PPS Connector: Displays BNC or RS422, depending on the selection made on the Configuration screen.

●

Alarm Polarity: Displays Normally Open or Normally Closed, depending on the selection made on the Configuration screen.

●

FPGA Version: The internal module revision of the SNC-101S module.

●

Data Rate: The data rate that the module uses to communicate to SNC-101T modules in the field. The value simply needs to match on the SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules for proper operation. The choices are 8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps.

●

GPS Frequency: The GPS clock frequency setting: 10 MHz or 5 MHz. This field is read-only.

●

No Delay Change if GPS Alarm: If this check box is selected, the SNC-101T module does not perform any additional delay calculations during the presence of a GPS alarm detected at the origination point or the transmitter site. For local operations, this corresponds to the switch labeled GPS ALM on switch band 3 position number 3.

●

Set Target Delay From 1PPS Delay: If this check box is selected, a delayed 1 PPS signal is enabled from the external GPS receiver. The 24-bit target delay set in the SNC-101T configuration registers is ignored; instead, the target delay is set to be the same as the externally programmed 1 PPS delay. If this check box is cleared, the SNC-101T target delay is used.

GPS Receiver Status ●

Alarm: Red indicates the local GPS receiver has asserted an alarm condition, the Alarm Polarity is improperly selected, or it is set to Normally closed and the connecting cable has been removed. Gray indicates no alarm.

●

Remote Alarm: Red indicates the GPS receiver at the origination point SNC-101S module is reporting an alarm condition. Gray indicates no alarm.

●

Signal Error: GPS 1 PPS signal error. Red indicates a problem has been detected on the 1 PPS input signal, the signal is missing, or the wrong 1 PPS input source has been selected. Gray indicates no signal error.

SynchroCast Status ●

Delay Lock: Gray indicates the Reported Delay Error is greater than 3 uS. Green indicates the Requested Delay has been achieved. Gray indicates there is no delay.


4-13


4 – Operation

●

SNC-101S Sync: Green indicates the SNC-101T module is receiving the SNC-101S signals from across the network link. Gray indicates there is no communication.

●

TDM Bus Lock: Green indicates that the PLL using the TDM bus clock as its source has locked to (or is synchronized to) the clock. Red indicates that the PLL has not locked to the TDM bus clock.

●

9.6 kHz Lock: Green indicates that the PLL that generates the 9.6 kHz transmit clock has locked to its source. Red indicates that the PLL failed to lock to its source.

●

Delay Error: The offset between the requested time delay and the achieved time delay. If this value is more than +/- 1 microsecond, you should refresh the page to view the system’s progress toward minimizing this value. This value should be small, or growing smaller, and normally rests at less than 0.0003 milliseconds, typically at a 0.0001 total delay error. If the value Reported Delay Error continues to remain high, there should be other indications on the Status screens to help troubleshoot any signal errors (missing, mismatched, or noisy connections). If all signals appear present and error-free, and yet the delay error value is not decreasing, you might need to investigate the stream parameters (go to Faults | Current Alarms) and/or possible cabling problems (MA-480 TIM to MIU-2XX timing in).

●

Requested Delay: This field displays the value of the target network delay entered on the Configuration screen. In Local mode, this value is 10.0000 milliseconds.

Previous Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available module to the left of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the left of this module. Next Card: Click this button to discard any changes you made to this screen and view the Configuration screen for the next available module to the right of this module. This button does not appear if there are no channel modules installed to the right of this module.

4.4.2 Configure SNC-101S and SNC-101T Modules in IntraGuide Software 4.4.2.1

Use IntraGuide Module Configuration Screens

Figure 4-6 shows a view of SNC-101S configuration using IntraGuide software. IntraGuide version 5.1 or higher is required for SNC-101 module configuration.

Figure 4-6. IntraGuide SNC-101S General Configuration Screen 4-14


4 – Operation


Enable Module (Service ON): Places the module in service. If left blank, the module remains offline. In Local mode, reflects the state of the OFF switch on switch bank 4 position 4. TDM Bus Configuration: ●

Time Slot: The desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in T1 system; 1 to 31 in E1 system).

●

Multiplexer Direction: The bus direction where the module sends its data. Terminal/DI-A refers to the primary common module, and DI-B refers to the secondary common module in the drop and insert configurations. In Local mode, this reflects the selection on switch bank SW4 position 1, Bus A when the TERM switch is in the DOWN position, Bus B when the TERM switch is in the UP position.

●

Data Rate: Specify the total data rate the module uses to communicate to the SNC-101 modules at the origination point. This rate may be set from 8 kbps up to the maximum payload capacity of the multiplexer. The choices are 8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps. The value simply needs to match on the SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules for proper operation.

1PPS Connector: Select the input source connection for the 1 pulse/second signal. ●

Click BNC to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a TTL level input on the MA-480 1 PPS port.

●

Click RS422 to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a balanced RS-422 signal arriving on the MA-480 GPS RJ-11 port.

Alarm Polarity: ●

Click Normally Open for alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally open contacts.

●

Click Normally Closed when connected to a GPS receiver with normally closed contacts. This reflects the condition present on switch bank SW2 position 6.

GPS Clock: These options are available on modules with an FPGA Version of 3 or higher. The version number appears at FPGA Revision on this Status page. Select an option to set the module’s frequency to match your external GPS clock’s frequency. ●

10 MHz: Select this option to set the module’s frequency to 10 MHz.

●


Note: If the SNC-101S and/or SNC-101T modules are not set to remote, you cannot make changes to the configuration settings in the IntraGuide software. The SNC-101S screen settings should closely match those on the SNC-101T General Configuration screen (Figure 4-7).


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4 – Operation

Figure 4-7. IntraGuide SNC-101T General Configuration Screen Enable Module (Service ON): Places the module in service. If left blank, the module remains offline. In Local mode, reflects the state of the OFF switch on switch bank 4 position 4. TDM Bus Configuration: ●


●

Multiplexer Direction: The bus direction where the module sends its data. Terminal/DI-A refers to the primary common module, and DI-B refers to the secondary common module in drop and insert configurations. In Local mode, this reflects the selection on switch bank SW4 position 1, Bus A when the TERM switch is in the DOWN position, Bus B when the TERM switch is in the UP position.

●

Data Rate: The transmission data rate, which is the amount of bandwidth used to carry the encoded signal. Data rate options are 8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps. Using less than 64 kbps permits sharing of the time slot with other functions. Click a desired data rate from the list. This value must match on both ends of the circuit.

1PPS Connector: Select the input source connection for the 1 pulse/second signal. ●

Click BNC to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a TTL level input on the MA-480 1 PPS port.

●

Click RS422 to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a balanced RS-422 signal arriving on the MA-480 GPS RJ-11 port.

Alarm Polarity: ●

Click Normally Open for alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally open contacts.

●

Click Normally Closed when connected to a GPS receiver with normally closed contacts. This reflects the condition present on switch bank SW2 position 6.

GPS Clock: These options are available on modules with an FPGA Version of 3 or higher. The version number appears at FPGA Revision on this Status page. Select an option to set the module’s frequency to match your external GPS clock’s frequency:

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4 – Operation


●


●


Target Delay: The requested play-out time for the SynchroCast3 system. Type the entire encode-todecode propagation delay through the network. Working values are between 3.89 microseconds and 84.89 milliseconds for T1 (CM-5R-TD) networks, and between 3.02 microseconds and 66.00 milliseconds for E1 (CM-7R-TD) networks due to limitations of the memory buffer (128kb) on the common modules. In Local mode, this value is 10.0000 milliseconds. No Delay Change if GPS Alarm: Select this check box to prevent the SNC-101T module from performing any additional delay calculations during the presence of a GPS alarm detected at the origination point or the transmitter site. For local operations, this corresponds to the switch labeled GPS ALM on switch band 3 position number 3. Set Target Delay From 1PPS Delay: Select this check box to enable a delayed 1 PPS signal from the external GPS receiver. If this check box is selected, the 24-bit target delay set in the SNC-101T configuration registers are ignored; instead, the target delay is set to be the same as the externally programmed 1 PPS delay. If this check box is cleared, the SNC-101T target delay is used. Note: If the SNC-101S and/or SNC-101T modules are not set to remote, you cannot make changes to the configuration settings in the IntraGuide software. The SNC-101S screen settings should closely match those on the SNC-101S General Configuration screen (Figure 4-6).

4.4.2.2

Use IntraGuide Module Status Screens

To verify that all signals to the modules are present and functioning properly, check the Status screens of each module (Figures 4-8 and 4-9).

Figure 4-8. IntraGuide SNC-101S Status Screen In Service: Green indicates the module is in service. Gray indicates it is offline. In Local mode, this indicator reflects the state of the OFF switch on switch bank 4 position 4. Config Error: Yellow indicates there is a configuration error. Gray indicates a normal configuration condition. A configuration error could occur if, for example, the module is set to a higher time slot than allowed in T1 mode or is set to time slot zero in an E1 system. GPS Receiver: ●

Alarm: Red indicates that the local GPS receiver has asserted an alarm condition, that the Alarm Polarity is improperly selected, or that it is set to Normally Closed and the connecting cable has been removed. Gray indicates no alarm.


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Intraplex SynchroCast3 System Version 2.11, December 2011 ●

4 – Operation

Signal Error: Red indicates a GPS signal error; a problem has been detected on the 1 PPS input signal, the signal is missing, or the wrong 1 PPS input source (BNC or RS-422) has been selected. Gray indicates no alarm.

PLL Status: ●

T1/E1 PLL Lock: Green indicates that the PLL using the T1/E1 clock as its source has locked to the clock. Red indicates that the PLL has not locked to the T1/E1 clock.

●

9.6 kHz PLL Lock: Green indicates that the PLL that generates the 9.6 kHz transmit clock has locked to its source. Red indicates that the PLL failed to lock to its source.

FPGA Revision: The internal module revision of the SNC-101S module. TDM Bus Configuration: ●


●

Multiplexer Direction: The bus direction where the module sends its data. TERM/DI-A refers to the primary common module, and DI-B refers to the secondary common module in drop and insert configurations. In Local mode, this reflects the selection on switch bank SW4 position 1, Bus A when the TERM switch is in the DOWN position, Bus B when the TERM switch is in the UP position.

●

Data Rate: The transmission data rate, which is the amount of bandwidth used to carry the encoded signal. Data rate options are 8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps. Using less than 64 kbps permits sharing of the time slot with other functions. This value must match on both ends of the circuit.

1PPS Connector: ●

BNC: When this option is selected, the module is set to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a TTL level input on the MA-480 1 PPS port.

●

RS422: When this option is selected, the module is set to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a balanced RS-422 signal arriving on the MA-480 GPS RJ-11 port.

Alarm Polarity: ●

Normally Open: If this option is selected, there is an alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally open contacts.

●

Normally Closed: If this option is selected, there is an alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally closed contacts. This reflects the condition present on switch bank SW2 position 6.

GPS Clock: These options are available on modules with an FPGA Version of 3 or higher. The version number appears at FPGA Revision on this Status page. ●

10 MHz: This option is selected to set the module’s frequency is 10 MHz, matching your external GPS clock’s frequency.

●


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4 – Operation


Figure 4-9. IntraGuide SNC-101T Status Screen In Service: Green indicates the module is in service. Gray indicates it is offline. In Local mode, this indicator reflects the state of the OFF switch on switch bank 4 position 4. Config Error: Yellow indicates there is a configuration error. Gray indicates a normal configuration condition. A configuration error could occur if, for example, the module is set to a higher time slot than allowed in T1 mode or is set to time slot zero in an E1 system. Delay Lock: Gray indicates the Reported Delay Error is greater than 3 uS. Green indicates when the Requested Delay has been achieved. Sync: Gray indicates there is no communication. Green indicates the SNC-101T module is receiving the SNC-101S signals from across the network link. PLL Status: ●

T1/E1 PLL Lock: Green indicates that the PLL using the T1/E1 clock as its source has locked to the clock. Red indicates that the PLL has not locked to the T1/E1 clock.

●

9.6 kHz PLL Lock: Green indicates that the PLL that generates the 9.6 kHz transmit clock has locked to its source. Red indicates that the PLL failed to lock to its source.

GPS Receiver: ●

Alarm: Red indicates that the local GPS receiver has asserted an alarm condition, that the Alarm Polarity is improperly selected, or that it is set to Normally Closed and the connecting cable has been removed. Gray indicates no alarm.

●

Signal Error: Red indicates a GPS signal error; a problem has been detected on the 1 PPS input signal, the signal is missing, or the wrong 1 PPS input source (BNC or RS-422) has been selected. Gray indicates no alarm.

●

Remote Alarm: Red indicates that the GPS receiver at the origination point SNC-101S module is reporting an alarm condition. Gray indicates no alarm.

No Delay Change On GPS Alarm: When this check box is selected, the SNC-101T module is prevented from performing any additional delay calculations during the presence of a GPS alarm detected at the origination point or the transmitter site. For local operations, this corresponds to the switch labeled GPS ALM on switch band 3 position number 3. GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

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4 – Operation

Set Target Delay From 1PPS Delay: If this check box is selected, the 24-bit target delay set in the SNC-101T configuration registers are ignored; instead the target delay is set to be the same as the externally programmed 1 PPS delay. If this check box is cleared, the SNC-101T target delay is used. FPGA Revision: The internal module revision of the SNC-101T module. Delay Error: Should be a small value (.002 milliseconds or less). If you discover that this value is not small, the value of Delay Error should decrease with each refresh or poll of the Status screen. If the value continues to remain high, there should be other indications on the Status screens to help troubleshoot any signal errors (missing, mismatched, or noisy connections). If all signals appear present and error-free, and yet the delay error value is not decreasing, you might need to investigate common module menu selections (TDLY and TIME) and/or possible cabling problems (MA-480 TIM to MA-21X timing in). Target Delay: The requested play-out time for the SynchroCast3 system. Working values are between 3.89 microseconds and 84.89 milliseconds for T1 (CM-5R-TD) networks, and between 3.02 microseconds and 66.00 milliseconds for E1 (CM-7R-TD) networks due to limitations of the memory buffer (128kb) on the common modules. This is the entire encode-to-decode propagation delay through the network. In Local mode, this value is 10.0000 milliseconds. TDM Bus Configuration: ●


●

Multiplexer Direction: The bus direction where the module sends its data. TERM/DI-A refers to the primary common module, and DI-B refers to the secondary common module in drop and insert configurations. In Local mode, this reflects the selection on switch bank SW4 position 1, Bus A when the TERM switch is in the DOWN position, Bus B when the TERM switch is in the UP position.

●

Data Rate: The transmission data rate, which is the amount of bandwidth used to carry the encoded signal. Data rate options are 8 kbps, 16 kbps, 32 kbps, and 64 kbps. Using less than 64 kbps permits sharing of the time slot with other functions. This value must match on both ends of the circuit.

1PPS Connector: ●

BNC: When this option is selected, the module is set to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a TTL level input on the MA-480 1 PPS port.

●

RS422: When this option is selected, the module is set to accept the local GPS 1 PPS reference as a balanced RS-422 signal arriving on the MA-480 GPS RJ-11 port.

Alarm Polarity: ●

Normally Open: If this option is selected, there is an alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally open contacts.

●

Normally Closed: If this option is selected, there is an alarm connection to GPS receivers with normally closed contacts. This reflects the condition present on switch bank SW2 position 6.

GPS Clock: These options are available on modules with an FPGA Version of 3 or higher. The version number appears at FPGA Revision on this Status page. ●


●


4.5 Simulcast Time Delay Once components are installed, the primary parameter to be set is the total nominal system delay (network delay) between the origination point and the transmitters. Initially, each transmitter site should be set to the same “bulk” delay value.

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4 – Operation


●

For the NetXpress System: The initial Request Time Delay value should be very close to the Stream Delay value shown on the NetXpress Stream Configuration screen. This delay amount is based on the TDM Frames per Payload selected for the transmit stream and the Jitter Buffer Size setting that the receive stream uses.

●

For TDM Multiplexers: The delay is typically set to 10.0 milliseconds for T1 or E1 multiplexers. The value needs to be at least one or two milliseconds more than the longest link delay to any transmitter site and less than the maximum buffer available on the CM-5RTD (84 milliseconds) or CM-7R-TD (66 milliseconds) common module.

The SynchroCast3 system can compensate for any variations in the actual link delay to any of the transmitter sites up to the value you assign the SNC-101T module. If the actual delay to a transmitter site exceeds this value, that site is out of synchronization with the rest of the system until the link delay is reduced again or the system delay value is adjusted. Of course, a system delay value much larger than the link delay creates unnecessarily excessive delays in the transmission. Once you establish a network delay value, limit the total delay for individual transmitters to achieve the optimum value.

4.5.1

Adjust Individual Site Delays

You need to use the IntraGuide software to perform several of the steps covered in this section. With this software, you can view multiple Intraplex systems from one origination point. The IntraGuide software provides a graphical user interface (GUI) that makes it easy to ●

Check system status visually.

●

Interrogate for alarm conditions.

●

Monitor and log hardware and communications links.

The software has an intuitive look and feel that meets the needs of both experienced technicians and casual users. You can work offline, creating configurations in advance, saving them, and importing them later. In addition, the IntraGuide Help covers both the IntraGuide software and Intraplex equipment. The Help is also context-sensitive. After installing the SynchroCast3 equipment and checking cable connections, bring up the audio signal and follow the steps and guidelines in the next subsections.

4.5.1.1

Establish Link

1. Ensure that the data link has been properly provisioned and the connection path is error-free. 2. The origination point is the network timing reference site for all connected sites in the SynchroCast3 system. Choose External Timing for each multiplexer at the origination point. 3. At the transmitter sites, select SynchroCast timing for NetXpress multiplexers or Loop Timing for TDM multiplexers. 4. Review the SNC-101T Status screen. The Reported Delay (NetXpress software) or Delay Error (IntraGuide) should reduce to a negligible value. 5. Once all field transmitter sites achieve the bulk target delay and show a green LOCK light, you can adjust individual sites to correct for field alignment.

4.5.1.2

Adjust Individual Sites

When the bulk delay at all transmitter sites shows a green Lock light, the broadcast audio associated with the 1 PPS is also played out from every location at the same time. This means that the transmitted signals align in the field at the natural mid-point between any two transmitters. This is good news if your transmitters have equal power and radiating characteristics, but most applications need to adjust the field alignment from the natural center by moving the point of audio alignment to a


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4 – Operation

location where a radio receiver in the field receives equal signal strength from each neighboring transmitter. To adjust the system you only need to type a new value at Request Time Delay on the SNC-101T Configuration screen. The system then slews to adjust to the modified delay until the PLL Lock light is on and the system is again synchronized. The new value you select should be only a few microseconds different from the bulk delay value used at all remaining locations. Usually the transmitter site with the greatest coverage area remains at the “flat” value of bulk delay. This flat value helps with the readability of any values entered into the adjacent transmitter sites, since sites with a smaller RF footprint have a few microseconds added to their total delay values. If you use this method, any subsequent changes that need to be made on any of the adjacent transmitter sites do not influence the other adjacencies, making it easier to read your delay offset values, since low powered sites have additional delay values added to the bulk value.

4.5.1.3

Check Signal Synchronization

On the IntraGuide CM-5R-TD/CM-7R-TD Status screen, check that the PLL Lock light is on at each transmitter site (Figure 4-6). This green light indicates that the 1 PPS time delay signal is locked to the reference signal with the Reported Delay matching the Requested Delay values of the time delay modules (CM-5R-TD/CM-7R-TD). When this light is off (appears gray), the system is slewing to try and make the Reported Delay match the Requested Delay but has not yet reached the target delay.

4.5.1.4

Provide Jitter Buffer Depth

There are physical limits to how the SynchroCast3 system can compensate for delay differences in the links. If the NetXpress excursion limits of the jitter buffer exceed the capabilities of the SynchroCast system to shift the stream, you can receive this message: “SNC-101T card has no associated context SynchroCast timing is down” on the Faults: Current Alarms or Faults: Alarm History screen. Provide Buffer Depth to the SNC-101T Requested Delay at each transmitter to make allowances for the network delay time. This excess buffer depth should be approximately 2 milliseconds.

4.5.2

Final Tune Up

As the system is monitored during synchronization, ascertain that the Lock lights are on at each site. If the LOCK light is gray on the SNC-101S status screen (in either the NetXpress or IntraGuide software), the target delay has not been achieved. If the Delay Error is still decreasing with each screen refresh, wait to arrive at the target delay. If the Delay Error is growing, or remains unchanged while showing a large value, the system is not converging, and additional troubleshooting is needed. The delays at some sites need to be increased beyond the nominal system value (never decreased). This requires the network delay offset to be increased to a value greater than 10.000 milliseconds, bringing the audio signal closer to the transmitter site that is not yet synchronous. Ensure that a buffer depth of 2 milliseconds is maintained throughout the system once synchronization has been attained. Then, adjust the network delay time to match that of the longest individual site delay, with the buffer depth intact at each transmitter site, thus allowing “headroom” but confining the delay to its optimum value and eliminating excessive delay in the off-the-air monitors. Once the SynchroCast3 system is functional, no user intervention is required for most operations, as the system continues to dynamically adjust the time delay.

4.5.2.1

IntraGuide Time Delay Common Module Screens

You can access time delay common module screens in the IntraGuide software. On these module screens, you can check the target delay and adjust the network delay time. Perform these steps to adjust the delay time on the CM-5RTD or CM-7RTD Configuration screen (Figure 4-10): 4-22


4 – Operation


Figure 4-10. IntraGuide CM-5RTD General Configuration Screen 1. On the CM-5RTD Configuration screen, click the Time Delay tab. 2. To enable the CM-5R-TD module, select the Enable Module (Service ON) check box (Figure 411).

Figure 4-11. IntraGuide CM-5RTD Time Delay Configuration Screen 3. At RS-422 Control Input, click Normal Polarity. 4. At (Buffer) Depth Change, click Smooth Change. Under local control, the Time Delay is set by the GPS Master Oscillator. The PLL Locked light on the IntraGuide Status screen (Figure 4-12) indicates that a stable time delay and synchronization have been attained. The GPS Receiver determines the time delay values, once they are calculated and stored, as a value of time delay for which the module should be set.


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4 – Operation

Figure 4-12. PLL Locked Light on IntraGuide CM-5RTD Time Delay Status Screen

4.5.2.2

Considerations for Establishing Delay Settings

●

Enter all delay settings at the SNC-101T module.

●

For telco lines, allow a delay of approximately 6.0 microseconds per cable mile. For microwave transmissions, use a slightly lower delay factor.

●

An unequal delay causes the line of equal delay (the overlap area) to become parabolic, as opposed to a straight line. (Figure 4-13 shows the contours of relative signal strength from two transmitters, with the Overlap Area B line of equal delay. Section 2.1 – Good Reception Criteria gives more information on transmission delay.)

Figure 4-13. Overlap and Capture Area ●

Make sure to set the GPS Receiver 1 PPS signal to zero offset at the origination point and at each transmitter site.

Note: The manufacturer’s documentation gives more information on interfacing with and controlling the GPS receiver.

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4 – Operation


4.6 GPS Equipment 4.6.1

Equipment Requirements

The SynchroCast3 system requires a GPS receiver at the origination point, as well as a GPS receiver at each transmitter site. The GPS receivers are neither manufactured nor supported by Intraplex. The documentation included with each product gives information on GPS equipment installation and operation. One master oscillator, one antenna, and one antenna cable are required at each SynchroCast3 site.

4.6.2

Qualified Receivers

There are three GPS receivers currently qualified for use with the SynchroCast3 system: ●

Spectracom GPS Receiver • •

●

TRAK Microwave GPS Clock • •

●

Spectracom SecureSync GPS Master Oscillator Spectracom Model 8225 GPS Antenna TRAK Microwave Model 8821 A/H A-12 GPS Master Oscillator TRAK Microwave Model NAIS CCAH32TM01 GPS Antenna

Trimble Thunderbolt E Disciplined GPS Clock


4-25


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No header

Section 5 – Implementation Scenarios This section covers SynchroCast3 implementation in these multiplexer scenarios: ●

2 remote transmitters connected by T1/E1 data links

●

1 co-located transmitter and 1 remote transmitter connected by T1/E1 data links

●

Originate-Once with single TDM Multiplexer, any number of transmitters

●

Originate-Once with TDM CrossConnect, any number of transmitters

●

Originate-Once using Internet Protocol (IP) Multicast, any number of transmitters

●

Originate-Once using Internet Protocol (IP) Multi-Unicast, up to 4 transmitters

●

Mixed Protocol (IP & TDM) systems

Each scenario includes ●

A components list of the equipment installed at the origination point and the transmitter site.

●

Guidelines and/or procedures for implementing SynchroCast3 in the specific multiplexer system.

5.1 T1/E1 Data Links Connecting 2 Remote Transmitters 5.1.1

Equipment at Origination Point

This scenario assumes ●

You have installed • •

●

2 x terminal multiplexers (ACS-163 for T1, ACS-263 for E1) to terminate the T1/E1 circuits. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals.

Each multiplexer contains • • •

1 x CM-5RB (T1) or 1 x CM-7RB (E1) system controller module. 1 x SNC-101S module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio encoder modules: ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PTD-350 (AES digital) or PT-350C (analog) module for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to each MA-480 module adapter. Note: Be certain that only one MA-480 module adapter has its termination switches applied. The MA-480 module adapter in each multiplexer provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN). Follow this process: 1. Set each of the system controllers to use external timing. (Menu: TIME -> Ext = Green) 2. Enable each of the installed channel modules, and be certain to assign the same time slots in each multiplexer so that the two systems are set up identically. 3. Provide the same transmit audio signal to both of the audio encoder modules. The audio signal, likely derived from a distribution amplifier, needs to identically match in amplitude and phasing when presented to each encoder module.


5-1


5.1.2

5 – Implementation Scenarios

Equipment at Each Transmitter Site



●

1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals. A terminal multiplexers (ACS-163 for T1, ACS-263 for E1) to terminate the T1/E1 circuit.

Each multiplexer contains • • •

1 x CM-5R-TD (T1) or 1 x CM-7R-TD (E1) system controller module with Time Delay option. 1 x SNC-101T modules with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio decoder modules: ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PRD-350 (AES digital) or PR-350C (analog) for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 1 PPS and 10 MHz signals to the MA-480 module adapter. 10 MHz is also connected to the RF carrier reference input, and 1 PPS can connect to a 19 kHz pilot (FM stereo) reference input. The MA-480 module adapter in each multiplexer provides a network delay control signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN). Follow this process: 1. Set the system controller to use loop timing. (Menu: TIME -> LOOP = Green) 2. Set the time delay option to Local mode. (Menu: TDLY -> LCL = Green) 3. Enable each installed channel module, and be certain to assign the same time slots as the modules installed at the origination point. 4. Provide connections from the audio decoder modules to the transmitter.

5.1.2.1

Enable Time Delay Option

If the Time Delay Option is enabled, TDLY appears as an available menu item on the CM-5R-TD (T1) or CM-7R-TD (E1) common module. Perform these steps to enable the time delay option: 1. Press repeatedly on the GROUP switch until you reach the TDLY group (located between the ADDR and SIO groups in the Basic Configuration menu). 2. When you find the TDLY menu, proceed to 5.2.2.2 – Grant Control of Time Delay Option to SNC101T Module. If the TDLY group does not appear in the menu and you have confirmed that the module is labeled “CM-5TD”, “CM-5R-TD”, “CM-7TD”, or “CM-7R-TD”, perform these steps to enable the option: 1. Press left repeatedly on the GROUP switch. As the display changes to read DIAG, hold the switch to the left—do not release it. 2. While holding the GROUP switch to the left (the display must still read DIAG), press right once on the SET/NEXT switch. The display changes to read FTIM. 3. Release both switches. You are now in the Advanced Configuration Group. 4. Press left repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the TOPT. The large green light indicates the Time Delay Option is enabled. 5. If the red indicator light is on, press the SET/NEXT switch to the right to blink the green light and then once again turn off the red light and turn on the green light.

5.1.2.2

Grant Control of Time Delay Option to SNC-101T Module

Perform these steps to grant time delay option control to the SNC-101T module: 1. Set the time delay option to Local mode. (Menu: TDLY -> LCL = Green)

5-2




2. Confirm this setting by pressing repeatedly on the GROUP switch until you reach the TDLY group (located between the ADDR and SIO groups in the Basic Configuration menu). 3. Press the SET/NEXT switch to the left twice to display LCL. The green indicator light should be on. If the red light is on, press the SET/NEXT switch to the right to blink the green light and then once again to turn off the red light and turn on the green light.

5.1.2.3

Set Delay Amount

10.000 milliseconds is the default value of delay on the SNC-101T when it is set to Local mode. You can use any value as long as the requested delay is greater than the actual network delay and less than the maximum buffer depth available (84 milliseconds for T1, 66 milliseconds for E1) on the common module. If you have set the SNC-10T module to Remote mode, you can change the requested delay value using IntraGuide Configuration and Management software. When the reported delay error is less than 2 microseconds, the green LOCK indicator light turns on.

5.1.3

System Alignment

With both transmitter sites showing true LOCK at a delay of 10.000 milliseconds, the transmitted audio from the two transmitter sites is aligned in the field along a line that lies exactly centered between the two sites. This is proper only if the two transmitters have equal power and coverage toward each other. If the two transmitter systems have different radio frequency coverage due to differences in transmit power or antenna height, move the line of audio coincidence (Figure 5-1) to the point where one transmitter hands off to the other. Note: The SNC-101T module must be set to Remote mode if you need to make adjustments. Adding additional microseconds to the bulk delay at the transmitter site (B) with the lower power moves the line of coincidence from the natural center to a location that is closer to the lower powered site.

Figure 5-1. Moving Line of Audio Coincidence

5.2 Co-located Transmitter with T1/E1 to 1 Remote Site 5.2.1

Equipment at Co-location Point


You have installed • • •

1 x terminal multiplexer (ACS-163 for T1, ACS-263 for E1) to terminate the T1/E1 circuits. 1 x terminal multiplexer with Time Delay option. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals.


5-3

Intraplex SynchroCast3 System Version 2.11, December 2011 ●

The multiplexer connecting to the remote site contains • • •

●


1 x CM-5RB (T1) or 1 x CM-7RB (E1) system controller module. 1 x SNC-101S module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio encoder modules: ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PTD-350 (AES digital) or PT-350C (analog) for FM stereo broadcast.

The multiplexer for the local transmitter contains • •

1 x CM-5R-TD (T1) or 1 x CM-7R-TD (E1) system controller module with Time Delay. 1 or more audio encoder modules: ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ 1 x PTD-350 (AES digital) or 1 x PT-350C (analog) module and 1 x PRD-350 or 1 x PR350C module for FM stereo broadcasts.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to each MA-480 module adapter. The MA-480 module adapter in the multiplexer provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN). The signal is then cabled from the first multiplexer (TIMING OUT) to the second multiplexer (TIMING IN) for the local transmitter. Follow this process: 1. Set each of the system controllers to use external timing. (Menu: TIME -> Ext = Green) 2. Enable each installed channel module, and be certain to assign the same time slots in each multiplexer so that the two systems each encode the signals identically. 3. Provide the same transmit audio signal to both audio encoder modules. The audio signal, likely derived from a distribution amplifier, needs to be identically matching in amplitude and phasing when presented to each encoder module. 4. Provide connections from the audio decoder modules of the co-located multiplexer to the transmitter. 5. In place of an actual data circuit, install a loopback plug into the T1/E1 network connection on the module adapter (MA-215/MA-217A/MA-218) behind the system controller. Provide connections from the audio decoder modules of the co-located multiplexer to the transmitter.

5.2.1.1

Take Manual Control of Time Delay Option

The multiplexer for the local transmitter needs to be set up to permit manual operation of the Time Delay option. Perform these steps: 1. Confirm that the local transmitter is set by pressing repeatedly on the GROUP switch until you reach the TDLY group (located between the ADDR and SIO groups in the Basic Configuration menu). If the TDLY group does not appear in the menu, perform the steps in Section 5.2.2.1 – Enable Time Delay Option. 2. Press the SET/NEXT switch to the left twice to display LCL. The red indicator light should be on. 3. If the green indicator light is on, press the SET/NEXT switch to the right to blink the red light and then once again to turn off the green light and turn on the red light.

5.2.1.2

Set Local Transmitter Delay Amount

Program a delay value into the Time Delay module using the IntraGuide software. The SNC-101T module at the remote site automatically programs the controller time delay at that location, but it has an internal processing delay of 23 microseconds. So, to set the system bulk delay equal to 10.000 milliseconds—the default value on the SNC-101T module —you need to manually enter a requested delay of 9.977 (10.000 milliseconds – 23 microseconds) into the CM-5R-TD (T1) or CM-7R-TD (E1) system controller module.

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5.2.2


Equipment at Remote Transmitter Site



●

1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals. A terminal multiplexer (ACS-163 for T1, ACS-263 for E1) to terminate the T1/E1 circuit.

The multiplexer contains • • •

1 x CM-5R-TD (T1) or 1 x CM-7R-TD (E1) system controller module with Time Delay option. 1 x SNC-101T module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio decoder modules. ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PRD-350 (AES digital) or PR-350C (analog) module for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 1 PPS and 10 MHz signals to the MA-480 module adapter. 10 MHz is also connected to the RF carrier reference input, and 1 PPS can connect to a 19 kHz pilot (FM stereo) reference input. The MA-480 module adapter in the multiplexer provides a network delay control signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN). Follow this process: 1. Set the system controller to use loop timing. (Menu: TIME -> LOOP = Green) 2. Enable each of the installed channel modules, and be certain to assign the same time slots as the modules that are installed at the origination point. 3. Provide connections from the audio decoder modules to the transmitter.

5.2.2.1


1. Set the time delay option to Local mode. (Menu: TDLY -> LCL = Green) 2. Confirm this setting by pressing repeatedly on the GROUP switch until you reach the TDLY group (located between the ADDR and SIO groups in the Basic Configuration menu). If the TDLY group does not appear in the menu, perform the steps in Section 5.2.2.1 – Enable Time Delay Option. 3. Press the SET/NEXT switch to the left twice to display LCL. The green indicator light should be on. If the red indicator light is on, press the SET/NEXT switch to the right to blink the green light and then once again to turn off the red light and turn on the green light.

5.2.2.2

Set Delay Amount

A delay setting of 10.000 milliseconds is the default value on the SNC-101T module when it is set to Local mode. You can use any value as long as the requested delay is greater than the actual network delay and less than the maximum buffer depth available (84 milliseconds for T1, 66 milliseconds for E1) on the common module. If you set the SNC-10T module to Remote mode, you can change the requested delay value in the IntraGuide software. When the reported delay error is less than 2 microseconds, the green LOCK indicator light turns on.

5.3 Originate-Once in T1/E1 Systems For each of the prior scenarios, the broadcast signal and the GPS receiver signals enter a separate multiplexer, one designated for each of the remote transmitter sites. This separation can introduce a point of error in that each of the audio is being separately encoded into each multiplexer and that audio might be distributed to the multiplexers through distribution amplifiers, each requiring audio level alignment if the system is to operate well. An alternate method is to encode the broadcast audio signal and the GPS reference signals once and then distribute that digital signal pattern to multiple remote units using digital cross connect switches. Each remote transmitter site can then be independently set for proper field alignment. This method reduces the quantity of multiplexers and encoder modules and eliminates any distribution amplifiers at GatesAir, Inc. Intraplex Products

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the origination point. At any location along the data link, you can add a cross connect switch to distribute the signal to additional locations.

5.3.1

Originate-Once in T1/E1 Multiplexer for Field Distribution

Figure 5-2. Originate-Once Scenario with Multiple Transmitters This scenario assumes ●


●

1 x terminal multiplexers (ACS-163 for T1, ACS-263 for E1) to terminate the T1/E1 circuit. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals.

The multiplexer contains • • •

1 x CM-5RB (T1) or 1 x CM-7RB (E1) system controller module. 1 x SNC-101S Module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio encoder modules. ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PTD-350 (AES digital) or PT-350C (analog) for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to the MA-480 module adapter. Note: Be certain that the MA-480 module adapter has its termination switches applied. The MA-480 module adapter in each multiplexer provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN). Follow this process: 1. Set the system controller to use external timing. (Menu: TIME -> Ext = Green) 2. Enable each installed channel module and assign its time slots. 3. Provide audio signal connections to the audio encoder modules.

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5.3.2


Originate-Once in T1/E1 CrossConnect Multiplexer

Figure 5-3. Originate-Once Scenario in T1/E1 CrossConnect This scenario assumes ●


●

1 x Digital CrossConnect Server (DCS-9560 for T1, DCS-9560E for E1) to link the T1/E1 circuits. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals.

The multiplexer portion of the CrossConnect contains • • •

1 x CM-5RB (T1) or 1 x CM-7RB (E1) system controller module. 1 x SNC-101S module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio encoder modules. ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PTD-350 (AES digital) or PT-350C (analog) module for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to the MA-480 module adapter. Note: Be certain that the MA-480 module adapter has its termination switches applied. The MA-480 module adapter in the multiplexer provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN). Follow this process: 1. For Primary Timing of the CM-95 (T1) or CM-95E (E1) system controller module, select the data port that connects to the multiplexer controller within the local chassis at the origination point. 2. Select the item “Not Used” for the Secondary Timing source. 3. Set the system controller to use external timing. (Menu: TIME -> Ext = Green) 4. Enable each installed channel module and assign its time slots. 5. Provide audio signal connections to the audio encoder modules.

5.3.3

Equipment at Each T1/E1 Cross-Connect Transmitter Site



●

1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals. 1 x Digital CrossConnect Server (DCS-9560 for T1, DCS-9560E for E1) for the T1/E1 circuits.

The multiplexer portion of the CrossConnect contains • • •

1 x CM-5R-TD (T1) or 1 x CM-7R-TD (E1) system controller module with Time Delay option. 1 x SNC-101T module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio decoder modules:


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Intraplex SynchroCast3 System Version 2.11, December 2011 ◦ ◦


VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. PRD-350 (AES digital) or PR-350C (analog) module for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 1 PPS and 10 MHz signals to the MA-480 module adapter. 10 MHz also connects to the RF carrier reference input, and 1 PPS can connect to a 19 kHz pilot (FM stereo) reference input. The MA-480 module adapter in the multiplexer provides a network delay control signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN). Follow this process: 1. For Primary Timing of the CM-95 (T1) or CM-95E (E1) system controller module, select the data port that leads to the multiplexer at the origination point. 2. Select the item “Not Used” for the Secondary Timing. 3. Set the system controller to use loop timing. (Menu: TIME -> LOOP = Green) 4. Enable each installed channel module, and be certain to assign the same time slots as the modules that are installed at the origination point. 5. Provide connections from the audio decoder modules to the transmitter.

5.3.3.1


1. Set the time delay option to Local mode. (Menu: TDLY -> LCL = Green) 2. Confirm this setting by pressing repeatedly on the GROUP switch until you reach the TDLY group (located between the ADDR and SIO groups in the Basic Configuration menu). If the TDLY group does not appear in the menu, perform the steps in Section 5.2.2.1 – Enable Time Delay Option. 3. Press the SET/NEXT switch to the left twice to display LCL. The green indicator light should be on. If the red indicator light is on, press the SET/NEXT switch to the right for the green indicator light to blink and then once again to turn off the red light and turn on the green light.

5.3.3.2

Set Delay Amount

A delay setting of 10.000 milliseconds is the default value on the SNC-101T module when it is set to Local mode. You can use any value as long as the requested delay is greater than the actual network delay and less than the maximum buffer depth available (84 milliseconds for T1, 66 milliseconds for E1) on the common module. If you set the SNC-10T module to Remote mode, you can change the requested delay value using the IntraGuide software. When the reported delay error is less than 2 microseconds, the green LOCK indicator light turns on.

5.3.4

Equipment at Each T1/E1 End Point Transmitter Site

For any ending point in the T1/E1 data network, the list of equipment and multiplexer setup is the same as in Section 5.4.3 – Equipment at Each T1/E1 Cross-Connect Transmitter Site.

5.4 Internet Protocol (IP) Based Systems 5.4.1

Originate-Once Using IP Multicast

SynchroCast3 networks using NetXpress or NetXpress IP multiplexers can often use multicast to distribute the same networking packets to multiple destinations within the network. Multicast eases much of the bandwidth burden at the origination end of the network, since remote devices can join the broadcast using field routers that also support multicast.

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5.4.2


NetXpress Multiplexer at Origination Point Using IP Multicast



●

1 x NetXpress or NetXpress LX IP multiplexer to access the IP network. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals.

The NetXpress or NetXpress LX multiplexer contains • •

1 x SNC-101S module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio encoder modules. ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PTD-350 (AES digital) or PT-350C (analog) for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to the MA-480 module adapter. Note: Be certain that the MA-480 module adapter has its termination switches applied. The MA-480 module adapter in the multiplexer provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN).

5.4.2.1

Set Timing Sources

To set the primary and secondary timing sources, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX navigation menu, click System Cfg | System Timing. 2. On the System Timing screen, click External for the Primary Timing Source on the NIM-1 system controller. 3. Click Internal as the Secondary Timing Source on the NIM-1 system controller. 4. Enable each of the installed channel modules and assign their time slots. The SNC-101S module must be located in the same TDM Bus as the audio encoder modules. They should also be contiguous so that the time slot the SNC-101S module uses is adjacent to the time slots the audio modules use. The SNC-101S module can be at the beginning of the sequence or the end, so long as the remote sites use the same configuration. 5. Provide audio signal connections to the audio encoder modules.

5.4.2.2

Create IP Multicast Stream

To create an IP multicast stream, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX navigation menu, click Streams. 2. On the Streams screen, click

(Add a stream).

3. On the Stream Creation screens, select these parameters: • • • • • • • •

Stream Type: TDM to IP Stream Direction: Transmit Transmission Type: Multicast TDM Bus: Select the same bus that is assigned to the SNC-101S and audio modules. TDM Bus Starting Channel: Type the number for the starting channel (time slot) of the SNC-101S module and audio modules. TDM Bus Channel Range: Type the number for the channel range used by the SNC-101S module and audio modules. TDM Bus Frames per Packet: Type “47” for 47 frames per packet to create a stream delay of about 100 milliseconds. Jitter Buffer Size (packets): Keep 32 packets as the default for about 100 milliseconds delay.


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4. On the final Stream Creation screen, click Create. 5. Click

5.4.3

(Put stream in service) to activate the transmit stream.

NetXpress Multiplexer at Transmitter Site Using IP Multicast



●

1 x NetXpress (NX-300) or NetXpress LX (LX-300) IP multiplexer to access the IP network. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals.

The multiplexer portion of the CrossConnect contains • •

1 x SNC-101T module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio decoder modules. ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PRD-350 (AES digital) or PR-350C (analog) for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to the MA-480 module adapter. Note: Be certain that the MA-480 module adapter has its termination switches applied. The MA-480 module adapter in the multiplexer provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the NIM-1 system controller (TIMING IN). Follow these guidelines: ●

Enable each of the installed channel modules and assign their time slots. The SNC-101T and the decoder modules must be together in the same TDM Bus. The modules must be arranged as they were configured in the NetXpress chassis at the origination point.

●

Provide connections from the audio decoder modules to the transmitter.

5.4.3.1 Create IP Multicast Stream To create an IP multicast stream, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX navigation menu, click Streams. 2. Click the Add a stream icon stream.

on the Streams screen to begin creating a new multicast receive

3. Use all of the same parameters that were used to create the transmit stream described in Section 5.5.2.2 – Create IP Multicast Stream, except for the stream direction; this stream is a Receive stream. 4. On the final Stream Creation screen, click Create. 5. Go to System Cfg | System Timing and click SynchroCast on the Primary Timing Source list for the NIM-1. 6. Click Stream on the Secondary Timing Source list for the NIM-1 system controller. 7. On the Secondary RX Timing Stream list, select the named stream that was just created as the source for stream timing. 8. Go to Streams and click

(Put stream in service) to activate the Receive stream.

9. Confirm that the Receive stream activates and its Operational State changes to Up (green).

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5.4.3.2


Request Time Delay

To set up Request Time Delay, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX navigation menu, click Open on the SNC-101T module. 2. On the Configure tab of the SNC-101T screen, at Requested Time Delay, type “100” to request a time of 100 milliseconds. 3. Click Submit. 4. Click the Status tab. 5. Confirm that • • •

The module is in service; that is, the In Service light is green. There is no Alarm or Config Error; that is, both the Alarm and Config Error lights are gray. The TDM Bus Lock and SNC-101S Sync lights are both green.

6. Change the Auto Refresh to 10 seconds so that it continues to reload the Status screen. When the Delay Error shows less than 2 microseconds (0.001 milliseconds), the Delay Lock indicator light turns green.

5.4.4

Originate-Once with NetXpress Multiplexer using IP Multi-Unicast

Where multicast is not supported in the IP network, the SynchroCast3 system installed in NetXpress or NetXpress LX IP multiplexers can still use the encode-once concept to eliminate encoding errors that occur when distributing one audio source to multiple encoders. Multi-unicast in the NetXpress and NetXpress LX systems easily permit up to four (4) copies of the same bus information for delivery to four IP destinations and two electrical (T1/E1) ports. If your installation requires more than 4 target IP sites, your options include ●

Originate-Once to four IP destinations and also to the electrical interface port which connects to another NetXpress system with 4 targets of its own. You can use this method with two NetXpress systems to broadcast to 8 sites; three NetXpress systems would allow 12 sites, and so forth.

●

Revert back to using multiple encoders. Each NetXpress multiplexer needs audio encoders and SNC-101S modules, and each multiplexer can originate signals to four remote sites. This configuration is expandable to any number of sites.

5.4.5

Origination Point with NetXpress Mux using IP Multi-Unicast



●

1 x NetXpress (NX-300) or NetXpress LX (LX-300) IP multiplexer to access the IP network. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference, and alarm signals.

The NetXpress multiplexer contains • •

1 x SNC-101S module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio encoder modules. ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PTD-350 (AES digital) or PT-350C (analog) module for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to the MA-480 module adapter. Note: Be certain that the MA-480 module adapter has its termination switches applied. The MA-480 module adapter in provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the system controller (TIMING IN).


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5.4.5.1


Set Timing Sources

To set the primary and secondary timing sources, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX navigation menu, click System Cfg | System Timing. 2. On the System Timing screen, click External for the Primary Timing Source on the NIM-1 system controller. 3. Click Internal for the Secondary Timing Source on the NIM-1 system controller. 4. The SNC-101S module must be located in the Bus TDM1A along with the audio encoder modules. Enable each installed channel module and assign its time slots. The time slots should also be contiguous so that the time slot the SNC-101S module uses is adjacent to the time slots the audio modules use. The SNC-101S module can be at the beginning of the sequence or the end, so long as the same configuration is used at the remote sites. 5. Provide audio signal connections to the audio encoder modules.

5.4.5.2

Create IP Unicast Streams

To create IP unicast streams, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX navigation menu, click Streams. 2. On the Streams screen, click

(Add a stream).

3. On the Stream Creation screens, select these parameters: • • • • • • • •

Stream Type: TDM to IP Stream Direction: Transmit Transmission Type: Select Multi-Unicast to create all of the streams at once, or select Unicast to create each stream individually. TDM Bus: Select the same bus that is assigned to the SNC-101S module and audio modules. TDM Bus Starting Channel: Type the number for the starting channel (time slot) of the SNC-101S module and audio modules. TDM Bus Channel Range: Type the amount of channel range the SNC-101S module and audio modules use. TDM Bus Frames per Packet: Type “47” to create a stream delay of about 100 milliseconds. Jitter Buffer Size (packets): Select 32 packets (default) for about 100 milliseconds delay.

You can continue to add streams using the same source time slots until you exhaust the system’s resources. Note: You are not limited to creating only unicast streams here. If some of your network supports multicast, you can add a multicast transmit stream to support those sites and create unicast transmit streams for the remaining sites. 4. On the final Stream Creation screen, click Create & Activate to activate the transmit stream.

5.4.5.3

Create TDM-to-TDM Streams

If you need to send the TDM bus information out of the electrical (T1/E1) interfaces, perform these steps to create an additional stream: 1. On the NetXpress navigation menu, click Streams. 2. On the Streams screen, click

(Add a stream).

3. On the Stream Creation – Stage 1 screen, click TDM-to-TDM for Stream Type. 4. On the final Stream Creation screen, click Create. 5. On the NetXpress navigation menu, click System Cfg | T1/E1 Interfaces.

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6. On the T1 or E1 Interfaces screen, click

(put Port A in service) on the Port A row.

7. Click Streams. 8. On the Streams screen, click activate the stream.

5.4.5.4

(Put stream in service) on the row of the new stream to

Configure Expansion NetXpress System for Multi-Unicast Streams

To expand beyond four IP destinations using Multi-Unicast requires an additional NetXpress multiplexer but does not require any additional channel modules. Perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress navigation menu, click System Cfg | System Timing. 2. At Primary Timing Source, click T1/E1 Port A or T1/E1 Port B. 3. At Secondary Timing Source, click Internal. 4. Create TDM-to-IP streams using these parameters: • • • • • • • • •

Stream Type: TDM to IP Stream Direction: Transmit Transmission Type: Multi-Unicast to create all of the streams at once or Unicast to create each stream individually TDM Bus: T1/E1 Port A or B. TDM Bus Starting Channel: Type the number for the starting channel (time slot) of the SNC-101S and audio modules. TDM Bus Channel Range: Type the amount of the channel range the SNC-101S module and audio modules use. TDM Bus Frames per Packet: Type “47” to create a stream delay of about 100 milliseconds. Jitter Buffer Size (packets): Keep the default of 32 packets for about 100 milliseconds delay. On the final Stream Creation screen, click Create.

You can continue to add streams using the same source time slots until you exhaust the system’s resources. 5. On the NetXpress navigation menu, click System Cfg | T1/E1 Interfaces. 6. On the T1 or E1 Interfaces screen, click

(put Port A in service) on the Port A row.

7. Click Streams. 8. On the Streams screen, click (Put stream in service) on the row of the new stream to activate the stream.

5.4.6

Transmitter Site with NetXpress Mux using Unicast Transmission



●

1 x NetXpress (NX-300) or NetXpress LX (LX-300) IP multiplexer to access the IP network. 1 x GPS receiver to provide timing, reference and alarm signals.

The multiplexer portion of the CrossConnect contains • •

1 x SNC-101T module with 1 x MA-480 module adapter. 1 or more audio decoder modules. ◦ VF-25 PCM voice frequency modules for mobile radio (narrow band) simulcast. ◦ PRD-350 (AES digital) or PR-350C (analog) module for FM stereo broadcast.

The GPS receiver provides 10 MHz and 1 PPS signals to the MA-480 module adapter. Note: Be certain that the MA-480 module adapter has its termination switches applied.


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The MA-480 module adapter in provides a network timing signal (TIM) to the NIM-1 system controller (TIMING IN). Follow this process: 1. Enable each installed channel module and assign its time slots. The SNC-101T module and the decoder modules must be together in the same TDM bus. The modules must be arranged as they were configured in the NetXpress chassis at the origination point. 2. Set the SNC-101T module to “Remote” mode. 3. Provide connections from the audio decoder modules to the transmitter.

5.4.6.1

Create Unicast Receive Stream

To create a unicast receive stream, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX navigation menu, click Streams. 2. On the Streams screen, click

(Add a stream).

3. On the Stream Creation screens, select all the same parameters used to create the transmit stream described in Section 5.5.2.2 – Create IP Multicast Stream except for the stream direction; this stream is a Receive stream. 4. On the final Stream Creation screen, click Create. 5. On the NetXpress navigation menu, click System Cfg | System Timing. 6. At Primary Timing Source, click SynchroCast. 7. At Secondary Timing Source, click Stream. 8. At Secondary RX Timing Stream, click the named stream that was just created as the source for stream timing. 9. On the NetXpress navigation menu, click Streams. 10. On the Streams screen and click

(Put stream in service) to activate the Receive stream.

11. Confirm that the Receive stream activates and its Operational State changes to Up (green).

5.4.6.2

Request Time Delay

To set up the Request Time Delay, perform these steps: 1. On the NetXpress or NetXpress LX Home page, click Open on the SNC-101T module. 2. On the Configure tab of the SNC-101T screen, at Requested Time Delay, type “100” to request a target delay of 100 milliseconds. 3. Click Submit. 4. Click the Status tab. 5. Confirm that • • •

The module is actively in service; that is, the In Service light is green. There is no Alarm or Config Error; that is, both the Alarm and Config Error lights are gray. Both the TDM Bus Lock and SNC-101S Sync lights are green.

6. Change the Auto Refresh to 10 Seconds so that it continues to reload the Status screen. When the Reported Delay Error displays less than 2 microseconds (0.001 milliseconds), the Delay Lock indicator light turns green.

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5.5 Mixed Protocol (IP & TDM) Systems 5.5.1

Origination Point with NetXpress Mux using IP & TDM Data Links

NetXpress IP multiplexers are capable of originating SynchroCast3 signals for use by NetXpress systems over IP data connection links as well as Intraplex multiplexers connected over T1/E1 synchronous data links. The primary constraint in creating a network of this type is the limited range of delay buffer available in the common modules of the TDM-based multiplexers. The CM-5R-TD (T1) system controller has a maximum delay buffer of 84 milliseconds, and the CM-7R-TD (E1) system controller has a maximum buffer of 66 milliseconds. To successfully align each IP-linked site within the limits of the TDM-linked transmitter sites requires that the IP streams operate with less delay than might normally be selected. This alignment is accomplished by sampling fewer frames per packet, and possibly using shorter jitter buffer depths to reduce the stream delay. Instead of 10.000 milliseconds (the usual value for TDM system) or 100 milliseconds (a typical delay value in IP-only systems), you should now select a target delay of 60 milliseconds for E1 or 80 milliseconds for T1 on the SNC-101T modules in the NetXpress multiplexer and the TDM multiplexers.

5.5.1.1

Configure NetXpress TDM Map for Multi-Unicast

Go to System Config | TDM Bus Mapping to access the TDM Bus Map Configuration screen as described in Section 5.5.2.2 – Create IP Multicast Stream and enable transmission of the TDM1A bus to multiple destinations, including T1/E1 Port A or T1/E1 Port B.

5.5.1.2

Create TDM-to-TDM Stream for T1/E1 Interface

To send the TDM bus information out of the electrical (T1/E1) interfaces, perform these steps: 1. Create a stream with TDM-to-TDM as the Stream Type. 2. On the T1 or E1 Interfaces screen (System Cfg | T1/E1 Interfaces), click service) on the Port A row. 3. On the Streams screen, click activate the stream.

5.5.1.3

(put Port A in

(Put stream in service) on the row of the new stream to

Create TDM-to-IP Streams

Perform these steps to create TDM-to-IP streams: 1. Click • • • • • • •

on the Streams screen to create new transmit streams. Use these stream parameters:

Stream Type: TDM to IP Stream Direction: Transmit Transmission Type: Multi-Unicast to create all of the streams at once or Unicast to create each stream individually TDM Bus: The same bus that is assigned to the SNC-101S module and audio modules TDM Bus Starting Channel: Type the number for the starting channel (time slot) of the SNC-101S module and audio modules. TDM Bus Channel Range: Type the amount of the channel range the SNC-101S module and audio modules use. TDM Bus Frames per Packet/Jitter Buffer Size (packets): This stream needs to have a short delay. If you select 60 milliseconds as a reference value, click 32 at Jitter Buffer Size (packets) and type “28” or “29” at TDM Frames per Packet. If the network permits you to operate well with less jitter buffer, you can select 16 packets of jitter buffer and 53 or 54 frames per packet.


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2. Click Create & Activate on the final Create Stream screen to activate the IP transmit stream. 3. You can continue to add streams using the same source time slots until you reach the limit of destinations created when the TDM Bus Map was set up. Note: You are not limited to creating only unicast streams here. If some of your network supports multicast, you can add a multicast transmit stream to support those sites and create unicast transmit streams for the remaining sites.

5.5.2

Transmitter Site with NetXpress Mux Using IP & TDM Data Links

The NetXpress setup at each transmitter site is the same as described in Section 5.5.6 – Transmitter Site with NetXpress Multiplexer using Unicast Transmission. 5.5.6.2 – Request Time Delay applies, except that you need to type “60” (milliseconds) at Requested Time Delay on the Configure tab of the SNC-101T screen. Use the steps in Section 5.6.1.3 – Create the TDM-to-IP Streams to create the matching receive stream.

5.5.3

Transmitter Site with TDM Mux Using IP & TDM Data Links

The TDM multiplexer setup at each transmitter site is the same as described in Section 5.2.2 – Equipment at Each Transmitter Site and 5.2.3 - System Alignment, except that you should type “60” (milliseconds) at Requested Time Delay on the Configure tab of the SNC-101T screen.

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No header

Section 6 – SynchroCast3 Specifications 6.1 Detailed Specifications SynchroCast3 Timing* T1 Timing Reference

T1/E1 timing is referenced to GPS clock signal.

RF Carrier Frequency

Exciter carrier frequency can be externally controlled by the 10 MHz GPS clock signal.

Audio Alignment Accuracy Delay Equalization Rate

Alignment is maintained at +/- 2 µS once delay is established. Adjustment rate is 130 µS per second, typical.

T1/E1 Circuit Switch Response

Mean time to detect delay change and start delay equalization after a T1/E1 circuit switch is 2.5 seconds.

Fine Adjustment Range

Delay is adjustable with a resolution of 1 µS for fine tuning of overlap regions.

GPS Receivers

Spectracom SecureSync GPS Master Oscillator TRAK Microwave Model 8821H GPS Master Oscillator Trimble Thunderbolt E GPS Disciplined Clock

Module Adapters

CM-5/7TD and CM-5/7R-TD common modules: MA-215 (RJ-45 network connection), MA-217A (BNC network connection), or MA-217B (DB-15 network connection) module adapter. SNC-101S and SNC-101T modules: MA-480 module adapter for signal input/outputs.

Physical and Environmental (with multiplexer chassis) Power Consumption Dimensions

Weight Regulatory

SNC-101S or SNC-101T consumption is 500 mW. MA-480 consumption is negligible. Height: 5 ¼” Width: 19” (rack mount) Depth: 14 ½” Less than 15 lbs. FCC Part 15, Class A FCC Part 68 registered Industry Canada CS-03 approved UL 1950

*These specifications are subject to change without notice.

6.2 Notice of FCC Compliance This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when this equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, can cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operating this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user needs to correct the interference at your own expense. Warning! This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product can cause radio interference. In which case, you might need to take adequate measures.


6-1

No header


6-2


No header

Section 7 - Glossary Reference

Definition

BNC

Bayonet Niell-Concelman; a twist-locking connector for slim coaxial cables.

GPS

Global Positioning System; a radio navigation system that provides positioning, navigation, and timing for users throughout the world.

PPS

Precise Positioning Service; dynamic positioning with GPS based on dual frequency P-code.

Relative Signal Strength

The relationship of two or more transmitted signals at a common receiver; with transmitters of overlapping coverage areas, the relative signal strength varies depending on the geographic location of the receiver within the overlap area.

SIO

Serial Input/Output; the electrical methodology used in serial data transmission.

Simulcast

Technique for transmitting to an extended geographic area using multiple, overlapping transmitters operating on the same frequency.

TDSA

The Time Delay SCB Address.

Total Transmission The elapsed time interval calculated from the moment that the signal leaves the Delay origination point to the moment it reaches the receiver. TTL


Transistor Transistor Logic; an internal transfer standard for electronic devices, with a 1 state of +5 Volts and a 0 state of 0 Volts.

7-1

No header


7-2


No header

Appendix A–MA-480 Module Adapter A.1 Block Diagram and Board Views Figure A-1 shows the MA-480 block diagram.

TTL RS-232 TX (XMIT SITE ONLY) RS-232 RX

RS-232

(XMIT SITE ONLY)

TTL RS-232

TTL

TIM T1/E1 TIMING OUT TO CM-5RB/5TRD or CM-7RB/7RTD

RS-422

TD COMMAND OUT 6-PIN PHONE JACK

(XMIT SITE ONLY)

TTL RS-422

TTL

GPS ALARM IN TO GPS RECEIVER

GPS 1 PPS IN

BNC GPS 1 PPS IN

TO GPS RECEIVER

BNC TO CD DIGIT EXCITER (XMIT SITE ONLY)

DELAYED 1 PPS OUT

TO SNC-101

TTL

TTL

(TO CD DIGIT EXCITER)

BNC TO GPS RECEIVER

TTL RS-422

CONNECTOR

(SPECTRACOM 8195 ONLY)

R

6-PIN PHONE JACK

GPS 10 MHz IN

TTL

Figure A-1. MA-480 Block Diagram


A-1


Appendix A – MA-480 SynchroCast3 Module Adapter

The TIM jack should be connected to the timing input port of the system controller on the MIU201/MIU-202/MA-215/MA-217B. The GPS jack can be connected to an alarm output on the GPS receiver when one is available. Figure A-2 shows a board and panel view of the SynchroCast MA-480 module adapter. MA-480 Rear Board View JP3

MA-480 Panel View

MA-480 T I M

JP1

G P S

JP4 1 P P S 1 P P S

JP5

D L Y

JP6

1 0 M H z

Figure A-2. MA-480 Rear Board and Panel Views

A.2 Pin Assignments Table A-1 shows the pin assignments for the JP1 GPS RJ-11 jack, and Table A-2 shows the pin assignments for the JP3 TIM RJ-11 jack. Table A-1. JP1 GPS RJ-11 Pin Assignments Pin

Function

1

GPS alarm input

2

Ground

3

Ground

4

Not used

5

RS-422 1 PPS+ input

6

RS-422 1 PPS- input

A-2


Appendix – MA-480 SynchroCast3 Module Adapter


Table A-2. JP3 TIM RJ-11 Pin Assignments Pin

Function

1

Timing+ output

2

Timing- output

3

Not used

4

Not used

5

Delay message+ output

6

Delay message- output

A.3 Switches The MA-480 module adapter has a 6 DIP position switch for setting impedance matching for various user signal inputs. Table A-3 shows the function of each switch. Table A-3. MA-480 Switches Switch

Factory Default

1

Off

Description This switch controls the termination impedance of the 1 PPS GPS receiver signal. If off, the termination impedance is removed. If on, the termination impedance is 50 Ohms. When using a single GPS receiver to connect multiple shelves, only one SynchroCast3 shelf receiving the same 1 PPS signal should have this switch on. All others should be off.

2

Off

This switch controls the termination impedance of the 10 MHz GPS receiver signal. If off, the termination impedance is removed. If on, the termination impedance is 50 Ohms. When using a single GPS receiver to connect multiple shelves, only one SynchroCast3 shelf receiving the same GPS receiver signal should have this switch on. All others should be off.

3, 4, 5

Off

These switches control the bias and termination impedance of the 1 PPS GPS receiver RS-422 signal. These switches should be set as a group (all switches on or off). If on, bias and termination is applied, and 120 Ohm termination is applied with 1 kOhm biasing. When using a single GPS receiver to connect multiple shelves, only one SynchroCast3 shelf receiving the same 1 PPS signal should have this group of switches on. All other shelves should have this group off.

6

Off


Not Used

A-3

No header


A-4


Appendix B – P and S Codes B.1 P Codes P (Parameter) codes, when used in the parameter field of a SET command, allow you to set parameters on the module via remote control, just like setting the switches on a module under local control. Each is a number from 0 to 255, also represented as an eight-digit binary number (in parentheses). The P codes provide remote access to the settings. P codes also appear in the response to a CONFIG? query, showing the current parameter settings on the card. When using binary numbers in the parameter field of a SET command, they must be preceded by the letter "B", as for example: ::SET:P02 = B00000001; In addition to the P codes, it is also possible to turn service on or off for the card by sending SRVC = ON or SRVC = OFF in the ISiCL parameter field with a SET command. (The Access and CrossConnect server manuals give more information about ISiCL commands.) A typical response to an SNC-101S CONFIG? query looks like this:

1:C12:STATUS:; *OK CHANNEL CARD 12, TYPE 139 UNDER LOCAL CONTROL SRVC = ON P01 = 1 (B00000001) P02 = 1 (B00000001) P03 = 33 (B00100001); A typical response to an SNC-101T CONFIG? query looks like this:

There are six P codes for the SNC-101T module. Configuration codes P1 through P3 define the operating conditions of the module, and codes P4 through P6 set the time delay at the transmitter site(s). Table B-1 presents the remote configuration settings (P codes) for the SNC-101S module.


B-1


Appendix B – P and S Codes

Table B-1. SNC-101S Parameter Codes – P Codes P Code SRVC

P01

Binary Digits Parameter

P03

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Service

Time slot

Not used

P02

7

Not used TERM

AUX

B

B

B B

B

0

0

0

B

B

B

Turn service on (enable module).

OFF

Turn service off (disable module).

0

0

0

0









0 or 1

Select the TDM time slot code.

0

0

0

0

0

0

Not used – set to 0

0

Not used

0

0

0







0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

















0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

DI-B multiplexer



1

Terminal or DI-A multiplexer

0

0

10 MHz GPS clock

1

5 MHz GPS clock

0

Time slot 16 not reserved

1

Time slot 16 reserved (E1 only)

0

BNC 1 PPS (TRAK 8821)

1

RS422 1 PPS (Spectracom 8195)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 Not used

ON



 1 PPS-SEL

Description

0

 CAS

Value

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Not used

0

0

0

0

0

Normally open (TRAK 8821)

1

Normally closed (Spectracom 8195)

 ALM_POL

B

0

0

0

0

 DATA RATE

B-2

B

0

0





0

0

0

0

0

0

11

8 kB/s

10

16 kB/s

01

32 kB/s

00

64 kB/s




Table B-2 shows the P codes for the SNC-101T module. Table B-2. SNC-101T Parameter Codes – P Codes P Code SRVC

P01

Binary Digits Parameter

P03

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Service

Time slot

Not used

P02

7

Not used TERM

AUX

B

B

B B

B

0

0

0

B

B

B

Turn service on (enable module)

OFF

Turn service off (disable module)

0

0

0

0









0 or 1

0

0

0

0

0

0

Not used – set to 0

0

Not used

0

0







0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

















0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

DI-B multiplexer



1

Terminal or DI-A multiplexer

0

0

10 MHz GPS clock

1

5 MHz GPS clock

0

Time slot 16 not reserved

1

Time slot 16 reserved (E1 only)

0

BNC 1 PPS (TRAK 8821)

1

RS422 1 PPS (Spectracom 8195)

0

Make delay calculations regardless of GPS receiver alarm condition(s).

1

Do not make new delay calculations if origination point GPS receiver is in alarm.

0

Normally open (TRAK 8821)

1

Normally closed (Spectracom 8195)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0



ALM_POL

B

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 DATA RATE

P04 P05 P06 P07

DLY23…DLY16 DLY15…DLY8 DLY7…DLY0 1 PPS_DLY

B

B B B B

0

0





0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

















0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

















0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

















0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 


Select the time slot: 1 to 24 in T1 mux where selected slot is 5-bit switch code + 1 0 to 31 in E1 mux where selected slot is 5-bit switch code

0

 GPS-ALM

ON



 1 PPS-SEL

Description

0

 CAS

Value

11

8 kB/s

10

16 kB/s

01

32 kB/s

00

64 kB/s

Varies

Target delay setting – Bit value equals 65536 x 100 nS of delay – D23 is the MSB.

Varies

Target delay setting – Bit value equals 256 x 100 nS of delay.

Varies

Target delay setting – Bit value equals 100 nS of delay. D0 is the LSB. (On REV C and higher) 1 PPS Delay

0

1 PPS GPS signal is not delayed (normal).

1

1 PPS GPS signal is delayed, and this delay sets the target delay.

B-3



B.2 S Codes S (Status) codes appear in response to a STATUS? query. Like the P codes, they are eight-digit binary numbers. There are two S codes for the SNC-101S module and six S codes for the SNC-101T module. A typical SNC-101S response to a STATUS? query looks like this:

A typical SNC-101T response to a STATUS? query looks like this:

Table B-3 presents the status messages (S codes) for the SNC-101S module. Table B-3. SNC-101S Status Codes – S Codes S Code S01

Binary Digits Parameter Configuration Error

B

GPS receiver alarm

B

T1/E1 Mode

B

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Value

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Normal operation.



1

Configuration error exists.

0

0

GPS receiver normal.

1

GPS receiver alarm.

0

1.544 MHz (T1).

1

2.048 MHz (E1).

0

PLL locked (good).

1

PLL unlocked.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 PLL_LOCK

B

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 Not used

S02

B

GPS receiver signal error

B

Revision Code

B

0 0

0

0

0







0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Not used.

0

0

0

0

0

GPS receiver signals normal.

1

GPS receiver signals error.

 0

0

0

0

Description

0

0

0

0

Varies Minor revision

 PLL_LCK2

B

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

(On REV C and higher) To generate 9600 Hz clock for the DS-967 module P25 simulcasting applications. Synchronized to the 10 or 5 MHz GPS receiver clock.



Revision Code

B B

B-4

0

0

0

0





0

0

0

0









0

0

0

0

0

PLL locked (good)

1

PLL unlocked

0

0

Varies Minor revision

0

0

Varies Major revision (X=0, B=1, V=2)




Table B-4 shows the S codes for the SNC-101T module. Table B-4. SNC-101T Status Codes – S Codes S Code S01

Binary Digits Parameter Configuration Error

B

GPS receiver alarm

B

T1/E1 Mode

B

7 6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Value

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Normal operation.



1

Configuration error exists – Configuration for card requires more time slots than the mux has available or time slots are not configured properly.

0

0

GPS receiver normal.

1

GPS receiver alarm.

0

1.544 MHz (T1).

1

2.048 MHz (E1).

0

PLL locked (good).

1

PLL unlocked.

0

Measured delay error (actual delay – target delay) is less than or equal to +/-1 uS.

1

Measured delay error is greater than 1 uS.

0

Normal – Synchronization with timing packet from SNC-101S.

1

Cannot synchronize to timing packet from SNC-101S.

0

Remote GPS Receiver Normal.

1

Remote GPS Receiver Alarm.

0

GPS receiver signals normal.

1

GPS receiver signals error.

0

0

Delay error is positive.



1

Delay error is negative.

0

(On REV C and higher) To generate 9600 Hz clock for the DS-967 module P25 simulcasting applications. Synchronized to the 10 or 5 MHz GPS receiver clock. PLL locked (good)

1

PLL unlocked

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 PLL_LOCK

B

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 LOCK

B

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 SYNC

B

0 0

0

0

0

0

0 0



S02

Remote GPS receiver alarm

B

GPS receiver signal error

B

ERR_SIGN

B

PLL_LCK2

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0



B

0 0

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0



S03

S04

S05

Delay Error Counter

B

Delay Error (MSB)

B

Delay Error

B

Delay Error (LSB)


B

0 0

0

0

0

0













0 0

0

0

0









0 0

0





Description

0

0

Varies Incremented each time a new delay error measurement is made.

0

0

0









Varies Delay error – Bit value is equal to 65536 x 100 nS of error.

0

0

0

0

0













Varies Delay error – Bit value is equal to 256 x 100 nS of error.

0 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Varies Delay error – Bit value is equal to 100 nS of error.

















B-5



Table B-4. SNC-101T Status Codes – S Codes (continued) S Code S06

Parameter Revision Code

Binary Digits B

B

0 0

0 0 

B-6

Value

0

0

0

0

0

0













0

0

0

0

0

0

Description

Varies Minor revision.

Varies Major revision (X=0, B=1, V=2)


