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KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES & PRACTICES TOWARDS CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES
key findings of a household survey
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This brochure provides a summary of the key findings of a Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Survey towards Inclusion of Children with Disabilities. The survey provides baseline information to understand the social barriers that prevent children with disabilities from taking up their rightful place in society. Survey Methodology Description: Target group: General population, 15+ Sample: National representative sample by age, gender, place of living (urban/ rural), ethnicity, statistical region Sample size: N=1000 respondents Data collection method: Face-toface interviews in the home of the respondents; CAPI (Computer-assisted personal interviews) technique Data collection period: 29 September – 20 October, 2014
To download a full copy of the survey results visit www.unicef.mk 2
CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES CAN REALIZE THEIR FULL POTENTIAL IF SOCIETY CHANGES THE WAY IT SEES THEM.
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LOW LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES AND THEIR RIGHTS
?
ALL THINGS CONSIDERED, HOW WELL ARE YOU AWARE ABOUT CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES?
1,6% 6%
10%
41% 42%
I do not know anything 4
I know very little
I know something
I know a lot
I know very much
UN CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
HAVE YOU HEARD ABOUT THE UN CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES?
36E%S Y
?
?
TO WHAT EXTE NT ARE THE RIGHTS OF CHIL DREN WITH DISABILITIES R ESPECTED COMPARED TO THE RIGHTS OF OTHER CHILDR E N?
11% The rights of children with disabilities are respected to a GREATER EXTENT than the rights of other children are
64% NO
39% The rights of children with disabilities are respected EQUALLY as the rights of other children are
42% The rights of children with disabilities are respected to a LESSER EXTENT than the rights of other children are
Only 36% are aware of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. 5
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HIGH LEVEL OF STIGMA - SOCIAL DISTANCE INCREASES AS RELATIONSHIPS BECOME CLOSER
Neighbor
Acquaintance
Lives in the same settlement or street with your child
Goes to the same school or kindergarten with your child
Children with intellectual disability
76
42
Blind children
77
40
Children with autism
63
32
Children with Down Syndrome
64
32
Deaf children
77
42
Children who have difficulties in moving and using body parts
79
57
Child that lacks a body part
74
50
% of those who find relationship acceptable
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Friend
Classmate
Emotional relationship
Spouse
Socializes and play with your child
Goes to the same glass or kindergarten group as your child
At an older age is in an emotional relationship with your child
As adults get married with your son or daughter
36
30
4
3
38
29
7
4
30
24
2
2
30
23
4
2
42
32
8
6
51
48
6
5
45
42
6
5 7
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LOW SUPPORT FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION Inclusive education is about children with disabilities learning alongside their peers without disability as equals. This is the right of every child, regardless of ability.
?
HOW SHOULD EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES BE APPROACHED?
48% 33%
Should go to special schools
12% Should go to regular schools, but have separate or special classes
Should go to regular school but only attend some classes with peers
4%
Should go to regular schools and attend regular classes with peers 8
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LIMITED UNDERSTANDING OF THE BEST APPROACH TO DEAL WITH DISABILITY MATTERS
44% MEDICAL MODEL
25% CHARITY MODEL
30%
SOCIAL & RIGHTSBASED MODEL
The social-rights based model is the internationally recognised way of viewing and addressing disability concerns. It recognises children with disabilities as “subjects” with rights, rather than “objects” of charity, medical treatment and social protection.
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5
LIMITED UNDERSTANDING THAT INCLUSION IS EVERYBODY’S BUSINESS Social protection system 87%
Authorities at local level 74%
Authorities at the level of the Republic (state) 86%
NGOs and associations of citizens 71%
Parents and relatives of children with disabilities 86% Healthcare system 85%
Media 65% Citizens of Macedonia, fellow-citizens, neighbours etc. 62%
87% 86% 86% 85% 83% 74% 71% 65% 62%
Educational system and school institutions 83%
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% of those who believe stakeholder is responsible for improving the situation of children with disabilities
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TOP 4 PERCEIVED OBSTACLES FOR IMPROVING THE SITUATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES Lack of a sufficient number of well-trained professionals and institutions that would deal with children with disabilities Lack of interest of the state in this issue Lack of money on local and/or state level
?
IN YOUR OPINION, WHAT ARE THE MAIN OBSTACLES FOR IMPROVING THE SITUATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES AND FOR THEIR INCLUSION?
Absence of clear state/local strategy for upgrading of the position of children with disabilities
32%
35%
38%
44% 11
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LOW LEVEL OF CONTACT WITH CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES
DO YOU KNOW ANY CHILD WITH DISABILITIES?
?
21% Neighbour
9% Relative
9% Child of a friend
4%
NO
45%
YES
55%
Friend from school
0,1% Child of a colleague
2% Other 12
?
HOW OFTEN DO YOU HAVE PERSONAL CONTACT WITH CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES?
11% 13% 7% 13% 8%
Daily Several times a week Once a week Several times a month Once a month At least once a year Less than once a year or never
25% 23%
% of those who know a child with disability
NO
79% HAS YO UR CHILD E VER SOCIALI SE WITH AN D YONE (C H I L D O R ADULT) WITH DISABIL I T I E S?
?
% of those with children
YES
21% 13
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GENERAL PUBLIC HAVE LOW EXPECTATIONS OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES
Children with disabilities are far more likely to be perceived as being insecure, dependent, alienated, have less opportunities, sad, pessimistic, and fearful than the average child.
PERCEPTION OF AVERAGE CHILD
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PERCEPTION OF CHILD WITH DISABILITIES 10%
Insecure
85%
19%
Depend on others
87%
8%
Isolated from other children
65%
10%
Do not have equal opportunities as other children
75%
9%
Sad
67%
12%
Uncertain future
78%
11%
Pessimistic
63%
9%
Afraid
65%
?
NO
DO CHILDREN S WITH DISABILITIE HAVE THE SAME OPPORTUNITIES TO DEVELOP THEIR PERSONAL POTENTIAL AS ? OTHER CHILDREN
?
11%
Disagree – same chances
YES
26% HOW POSSIBLE IS IT?
LESS OR SAME C H A N C E S?
Majority agree that even when children with disabilities go through their schooling, they have less changes to get a job than others of the same level of education
62%
17%
2%
16% 66%
60%
Agree – less chances FULLY possible NOT possible
SOMEWHAT possible Don’t know
Majority believe it is somewhat possible for a child with disabilities to lead an independent and productive life as an adult, if given support from professionals, institutions and society? 15
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United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Orce Nikolov 74, 1000 Skopje Tel: +389 2 3231150 e-mail:
[email protected] www.unicef.org.mk www.facebook.com/unicef.mk
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