minimum standards for child protection in humanitarian action

1 downloads 249 Views 2MB Size Report
Minimum standards for child protection in humanitarian action 15. Four key principles set out by the CRC, and their rele
The Child Protection Working Group (CPWG) is the global level forum for coordination on child protection in humanitarian settings. The group brings together NGOs, UN agencies, academics and others under the shared objective of ensuring more predictable, accountable and effective child protection responses in emergencies. In the humanitarian system, the CPWG constitutes an “area of responsibility” within the Global Protection Cluster. http://www.cpwg.net

Acknowledgements

ChildFund Child Soldiers International Columbia University Danish Refugee Council Geneva Call Handicap International ICRC International Rescue Committee Islamic Relief Worldwide International Labour Organization Keeping Children Safe

Norwegian Refugee Council Plan International Save the Children SOS Children’s Villages Terre des Hommes UNDPKO UNHCR UNICEF War Child Women's Refugee Commission World Vision International

Funded by: Designed by: Suggested citation:

http://www.cpwg.net

3

Foreword

Louise Aubin

Rashid Khalikov OCHA

UNHCR

5

Table of ContentS

13 14 16 17 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

27 28 29 29 30 31

37 44 50 56 62 69

79 85 91 97 103 111 117 128

135 143 149 155

167 173 180 186 193 198 203 208

INTRODUCTION

What is child protection in emergencies?

13

The international legal basis for child protection in emergencies

1. 2. 3.

14

Four key principles set out by the CRC, and their relevance to humanitarian action:

15

How does child protection fit within humanitarian action?

16

What is the purpose of these standards?

How do these standards link with the Sphere Project and other standards?

17

What does each standard contain?

18

Who are the standards intended for?

19

How were the standards developed and what are they based on?

20

What is meant by “minimum” standards, and what happens if they cannot be met?

21

How do I use the standards in my context?

22

At what stage of humanitarian action do the standards apply?

23

PRINCIPLES AND APPROACHES

PRINCIPLES AND APPROACHES

Principles and approaches The considerations in this section are key to the full application and attainment of the standards, and should be used and presented alongside the standards. Principles 1- 4 are the Protection Principles in the Sphere child protection.

Principle 1: Avoid exposing people to further harm as a result of your actions

27

Principle 2: Ensure people’s access to impartial assistance

28

Principle 3: Protect people from physical and psychological harm arising from violence and coercion

Principle 4: Assist people to claim their rights, access available remedies and recover from the effects of abuse

29

Principle 5: Strengthen child protection systems

30

Principle 6: Strengthen children’s resilience in humanitarian action

31

32

STANDARDS

Ensure a quality response

STANDARDS TO ENSURE A QUALITY CHILD PROTECTION RESPONSE

standards to ensure a quality child protection response These standards focus on key programming components, including:

They do not aim to replace the existing policies and

The standards that follow in the next section are related

standard 1

STANDARD 1 COORDINATION

Standard

Key actions

37

38

standard 1

standard 1

39

standard 1

MeasuremenT

40

standard 1

Guidance notes 1. Responsibility for coordination:

3. Provider of last resort:

41

standard 1 5. Sensitive issues:

7. Global-level CPWG:

42

standard 1

References

43

standard 2

STANDARD 2 Human resources

Standard

Key actions

44

standard 2

45

standard 2

MeasuremenT

Guidance notes

3. Staff capacity:

46

standard 2

4. Gender:

5. Disability:

47

standard 2

7. Capacity building:

9. Child protection policy:

10. Staff wellbeing:

48

standard 2

References

49

standard 3

STANDARD 3 Communication, advocacy and media

Standard Key actions

50

standard 3

51

standard 3

MeasuremenT

52

standard 3

Guidance notes 1. Organizational guidance:

2. Building national capacity for advocacy:

4. Participation:

53

54

standard 3

standard 3

References

55

standard 4

STANDARD 4 Programme cycle management

UNDERSTAND

learn

plan and implement

Standard

Key actions

56

know

analyse

standard 4

57

standard 4

MeasuremenT

7.

8.

Guidance notes

2. Coordination structure:

58

standard 4

5. Data disaggregation:

6. Inclusion:

59

standard 4 8. Life with dignity:

10. Ensuring the views of affected people, including children:

60

References standard 4 61

standard 5

STANDARD 5 Information management (1) (2) (3)

Standard

Key actions

62

standard 5

63

standard 5

MeasuremenT

Guidance notes 1. Coordination:

64

standard 5

3. Security precautions:

65

standard 5

6. Mandatory Reporting:

66

standard 5

67

standard 5

References

68

STANDARD 6 Child protection monitoring standard 6

Standard

Key actions

69

70

standard 6

MeasuremenT standard 6

Guidance notes 1. Mapping:

71

standard 6 3. Coordination:

4. Training:

72

standard 6

73

74

standard 6

References standard 6 75

Address needs

STANDARDS TO address child protection needs

standards to address child protection needs areas of work and critical issues in child protection:

groups

STANDARD 7 Dangers and injuries standard 7

Standard

Key actions

79

80

standard 7

MeasuremenT

standard 7

Guidance notes 1. Physical dangers and risks:

2. Data collection:

81

82

standard 7

5. Schools:

standard 7

7. Survivor assistance:

83

standard 7

References

84

STANDARD 8 Physical violence and other harmful practices standard 8

Standard

Key actions

85

86

standard 8

MeasuremenT

standard 8

Guidance notes

87

standard 8 4. Awareness:

6. Interviews:

88

7. Gender:

standard 8 89

standard 8

References

90

STANDARD 9 Sexual violence

standard 9

Standard

Key actions

91

92

standard 9

standard 9

MeasuremenT

93

Guidance notes

standard 9

1. Awareness:

2. Capacity building:

4. Code of conduct:

94

standard 9

8. Interviews:

9. Adolescents:

10. Children and adolescents with disabilities:

95

standard 9

References

96

STANDARD 10 Psychosocial distress and mental disorders

standard 10

Standard Key actions

97

standard 10

MeasuremenT

98

Guidance notes 1. Multi-layered supports:

standard 10

intervention pyramid Examples

99

standard 10 4. Early childhood:

100

7. Support to caregivers:

standard 10

8. Monitoring wellbeing:

101

standard 10

References

102

STANDARD 11 Children associated with armed forces or armed groups

standard 11

Standard

Key actions

103

104

standard 11

MeasuremenT

standard 11

Guidance notes 1. Advocacy:

105

standard 11 4. Release:

106

standard 11

107

standard 11

8. Reintegration:

108

standard 11

109

standard 11

References

110

STANDARD 12 Child labour

standard 12

To be eliminated

activities not to necessarily be eliminated

To be eliminated as a mater of urgency

111

Standard

standard 12

Key actions

112

MeasuremenT standard 12

Guidance notes

113

standard 12

2. Hazardous work:

3. Children who need targeted help:

114

5. Support provided to children:

standard 12 115

standard 12

References

116

STANDARD 13 Unaccompanied and separated children

standard 13

Standard

117

standard 13

A. Key actions - identification, documentation, tracing and reunification (IDTR)

118

standard 13

119

standard 13

B. Key actions - alternative care

120

MeasuremenT standard 13 121

Guidance notes

standard 13

1. First days:

3. Coordination:

122

standard 13

123

standard 13

7. Tracing:

124

10. Follow-up:

standard 13 125

126

standard 13

References

standard 13 127

standard 14

STANDARD 14 Justice for children

128

Standard

Key actions

standard 14 129

MeasuremenT

standard 14

Guidance notes 1. Deprivation of liberty:

130

standard 14

3. Advocacy:

131

standard 14

References

132

Develop strategies

STANDARDS TO develop adequatE child protection strategies

standards to develop adequate child protection strategies Standards in this area include the main child protection needs. As with all other standards, they are based on include standards relating to:

STANDARD 15 Case management

standard 15

Standard

135

standard 15

Key actions

136

0.

1.

4. 2. 3.

standard 15

1. 2. 3. 4.

137

MeasuremenT

7.

8.

standard 15

9.

Guidance notes

2. Analysing what is possible:

138

standard 15

4. Standard operation procedures (SOPs):

6. Staff capacity:

139

standard 15

7. Prioritising cases:

9. Case plans:

140

10. Case conferences:

standard 15

12. Closing a case:

141

standard 15

References

142

STANDARD 16 Community-based mechanisms

standard 16

Standard Key actions

143

144

standard 16

MeasuremenT

Guidance notes 1. External aid:

standard 16

2. Ownership:

145

5. Capacity Building:

standard 16

6. Subgroups:

7. Messages:

146

9. Urban settings:

10. Funding:

standard 16 147

standard 16

References

148

STANDARD 17 Child-friendly spaces

standard 17

Standard

Key actions

149

150

standard 17

MeasuremenT

Guidance notes standard 17

1. Appropriateness:

151

3. Age and gender sensitivity:

standard 17

4. Disability awareness:

5. Play:

6. Schools:

152

7. Parents:

8. Capacity building:

9. Monitoring:

standard 17 153

standard 17

References

154

STANDARD 18 Protecting excluded children

Standard

standard 18

Key actions

155

156

standard 18

MeasuremenT

standard 18

Guidance notes

157

standard 18

2. Identifying excluded children:

4. Children with disabilities (CwD):

158

6. Children living and working on the streets (CLWS):

standard 18

7. Children affected by HIV:

159

160

standard 18

References

standard 18 161

Standards to mainstream child protection in other humanitarian sectors Mainstream child protection

Standards to mainstream child protection in other humanitarian sectors Why should child protection be mainstreamed? Many threats to the safety and wellbeing of children can be of humanitarian aid in all other sectors. Furthermore, all sectors

the immediate humanitarian response, all humanitarian sectors

‘Mainstreaming’ child protection, or ensuring that child protection considerations inform all aspects of humanitarian action, helps to maximise the child protection impacts of exacerbated by programmes designed without proper mainstreaming child protection is part of compliance with the ‘do no harm’ principle. What do these standards cover?

assistance and child protection (for example, where support to parents is likely to mean that children are safer) as actions for other humanitarians, to ensure child protection

progress towards reaching the standards

children. Who is responsible for ensuring children are protected? States are responsible for protecting children at all times, including in humanitarian crises. All humanitarian workers are responsible for ensuring that their actions do not bring children into risk in any way, and that the programmes they implement One important aspect of this is simply ensuring that all children

as they are to adults.

safety and wellbeing of those affected, including children. For a powerful effect in keeping children and parents together. role in water collection, as well as their other duties and needs, is thought through carefully from the start. These Standards focus mainstreaming child protection in the following sectors:

STANDARD 19 Economic recovery and child protection

standard 19

Standard

Key actions

167

168

standard 19

MeasuremenT

standard 19 169

Guidance notes

standard 19

1. Structural barriers:

4. Cash transfers:

170

5. Monitoring and evaluation:

standard 19

8. Stereotyping:

171

standard 19

References

172

STANDARD 20 Education and child protection

Standard

standard 20

Key actions

173

174

standard 20

standard 20

175

MeasuremenT

standard 20

Guidance notes 1. Flexibility, relevance and quality:

176

3. Equity:

4. Teachers and other education personnel:

standard 20

6. Abuse:

177

7. Attacks:

standard 20

8. Messaging:

178

References

standard 20 179

STANDARD 21 Health and child protection

Standard

standard 21

Key actions

180

standard 21

181

182

standard 21

MeasuremenT

Guidance notes

standard 21 183

2. Medical reports:

standard 21

3. Capacity building:

5. Evacuation:

184

References

standard 21 185

STANDARD 22 Nutrition and child protection

Standard

standard 22

Key actions

186

standard 22

187

standard 22

MeasuremenT

188

Guidance notes 1. Capacity building:

standard 22 189

3. Infant feeding:

standard 22

4. Mother groups:

190

7. Social workers:

standard 22 191

standard 22

References

192

STANDARD 23 Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and child protection

Standard

Key actions

standard 23 193

194

standard 23

MeasuremenT

Guidance notes 1. Capacity building:

2. Messaging:

standard 23 195

3. Water containers:

standard 23

4. Age groups:

196

References

standard 23 197

STANDARD 24 Shelter and child protection

Standard

standard 24

Key actions

198

standard 24

199

MeasuremenT

standard 24

Guidance notes

200

3. Multi-disciplinary:

4. Capacity building:

standard 24 201

standard 24

References

202

STANDARD 25 Camp management and child protection

Standard

Key actions

standard 25 203

204

standard 25

MeasuremenT

Guidance notes

standard 25

2. Focal points:

205

4. Equal access:

5. Site planning:

standard 25

6. Safety:

206

References

standard 25 207

STANDARD 26 Distribution and child protection

Standard

standard 26

Key actions

208

standard 26

209

standard 26

MeasuremenT

210

Guidance notes

2. Monitoring:

3. Distribution:

4. Registration points:

standard 26

211

5. Separated children:

standard 26

6. Targeted assistance:

212

References

standard 26

213

Annexes and glossary

ANNEXES AND GLOSSARY

ANNEXES Relevant legal instruments Global

Regional

Global

217

Regional

218

219

GLOSSARY A

Actors

Accountability

Age Children Adolescents Alternative care

221

I. II. III. IV. V.

222

C Capacity-building

Child-friendly spaces (CFS)

Child labour

Cognitive

223

Coping

Crisis

D Desk review Dignity

Disability

Disaggregated data

224

Disaster

Disaster preparedness

Disaster risk reduction

Duty bearers

E Early recovery

225

G Gender

H Hazard

Hazardous work

226

I Internally displaced persons

227

International refugee law

L

Learners

Life skills

Livelihood

228

M Mitigation

N

P Participation

Preparedness Prevention

229

Protection

Psychosocial support

Q Quality

Qualitative and quantitative data

R Resilience

Risk

230

S Safety

Security

Sex

Stakeholder

Sustainable

231

V Vulnerability

w Wellbeing

232

Acronyms and abbreviations AoR AXO BID CAAC CAAFAG CBCPM CBO CCM CFS CLMS CLWS CP CPiE CPIMS CPRA CPWG CRC CRPD CwD DDR DRR ECD ECOSOC ERW FTR GBV GBVIMS IA CP IMS IASC IAWG IAWG-UASC ICCPR ICRC IDP IDTR IMTF INEE INGO IOM IRC MARA

233

MBT MHPSS MoU MRM NFIs NGO NRCS OCHA OHCHR PFA PSS SeeP SOPs SRSG ToRs UASC UDHR UN UNAIDS UNFPA UNCHR UNICEF UNICEF CCC UXO WASH WCFL WWNK WWWW or 4W

234

INDEX

221

221

221

221

235

221 224

222

236

223

237

CERF

223

238

221

239

223

223–24

240

230

224 224

241

224 225

225 225

227

225 225–226 225

242

226

243

226

226 226

244

222

245

222

246

227 227 228 228

228

228

228 228–229

247

248

249

229

229

250

230

230

251

230

222

252

230

230 231

231

253

231

221

254

231

255

232

256

232

257

Standards to ensure a quality child protection response

Standards to aDdress child protection needs

Standard 15

Standards to develop adequate child protection strategies

Standard 18

Standard 17

Standard 16

Standard 7

Standard 12

Standard 11

Standard 10

Standard 9

Standard 8

Standard 1

Standard 2

Standard 3

Standard 4

Standard 5

Standard 6

Standard 13

Standard 14

Standards to mainstream child protection IN OTHER HUMANITARIAN SECTORS

Standard 19

Standard 20

Standard 21

Standard 22

Standard 23

Standard 24

Standard 25

Standard 26

The CPMS are recognised as a companion standard to The Sphere Project’s Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response