Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals - Blake Education [PDF]

Basic Skills

Basic Skills

Years 5– 6 Ages 10 –12 years old In this book you will find: ✓ A focus on the NAPLAN and Australian Curriculum ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

topics: Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Sixty units of work covering these topics in depth Units packed with exercises Many challenging problem-solving questions NAPLAN-style test revision

This book will help your child excel in the Australian Curriculum and NAPLAN topics of Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals. Tips, explanations and numerous exercises are provided in each unit to ensure your child gains the necessary mastery of these important syllabus areas. Upon completing this book, your child will feel confident in these topics.

About the authors Alan Horsfield and Elaine Horsfield have more than 60 years teaching experience between them in primary schools, ranging from the classroom to senior school management. Alan spent several years working at the UNSW Educational Testing Centre and is still involved in writing assessment programs. Elaine worked with secondary students as coordinator of the Talent Development Project. Alan is author of many Excel test practice books, including titles in the following series: NAPLAN*-style Tests; NAPLAN*-style Literacy Tests; NAPLAN*-style Numeracy Tests; Revise in a Month NAPLAN*-style Tests; Excel Test Zone NAPLAN*-style Test Packs; Opportunity Class Tests; and Selective Schools and Scholarship Tests.

Your own checklist for Excel books for Years 5–6 Ages 10–12 children: Bookseller reference

Books

Level

✓

Core books: 978-1-86441-276-5 978-1-86441-277-2

Excel Basic Skills English and Mathematics Excel Basic Skills English and Mathematics

Year 5 Year 6

English books: 978-1-74125-167-8 978-1-74125-164-7 978-1-86441-283-3 978-1-86441-285-7 978-1-74020-047-9

Excel Basic Skills Basic Reading Skills Excel Basic Skills Building Your Vocabulary Skills Excel Basic Skills Spelling and Vocabulary Excel Basic Skills Grammar and Punctuation Excel Basic Skills Writing Skills

Years Years Years Years Years

5–6 5–6 5–6 5–6 5–6

Years Years Years Years

3–6 5–6 5–6 5–6

Mathematics books: 978-1-86441-290-1 978-1-86441-287-1 978-1-86441-289-5 978-1-74020-051-6

Excel Excel Excel Excel

Basic Basic Basic Basic

Skills Skills Skills Skills

Fractions, Decimals and Percentages Addition and Subtraction Multiplication and Division Problem Solving

Science book: 978-1-74020-044-8

Excel Basic Skills Science and Technology

Years 5–6 ISBN 978-1-74125-590-4

Excel Test Zone

Get the Results You Want!

Help your child prepare with our H * N -style and Australian Curriculum Tests. FREE NAPLAN www.exceltestzone.com.au *This isi nott an offi *Thi fficially i ll endorsed d publication of the NAPLAN program and is produced by Pascal Press independently of Australian governments.

Pascal Press PO Box 250 Glebe NSW 2037 (02) 8585 4044 www.pascalpress.com.au 9 781741 255904

Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals

5–6

Years


MONEY, TIME, FRACTIONS AND DECIMALS Years 5–6 Ages 10–12


Ages

10 –12

Sixty self-contained units Four Revision Tests Four NAPLAN-style Tests

t! n a W u o Y ts l u s e Ge t t he R

Alan Horsfield & Elaine Horsfield

9781741255904_EBS Money Time and Fractons Years 5- 6 COVER.indd 1

25/08/2016 10:24 AM

Basic Skills

5–6

Years


Ages

10 –12

t! n a W u o Y ts l u s e Ge t t he R PASCAL PRESS 9781741255904_Year 5_Money,Time,Fractions_PRESS.indd 1

Alan Horsfield & Elaine Horsfield 17/10/2016 9:42 PM

© 2016 Alan Horsfield, Elaine Horsfield and Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4 Pascal Press PO Box 250 Glebe NSW 2037 (02) 8585 4044 www.pascalpress.com.au Publisher: Vivienne Joannou Project editors: Rosemary Peers and Mark Dixon Edited by Rosemary Peers Proofread by Barbara Bessant Answers checked by Peter Little Typeset by Grizzly Graphics (Leanne Richters) Printed by Green Giant Press Reproduction and communication for educational purposes The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10% of the pages of this work, whichever is the greater, to be reproduced and/or communicated by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the educational institution (or that body that administers it) has given a remuneration notice to the Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) under the Act. For details of the CAL licence for educational institutions contact: Copyright Agency Limited Level 15, 233 Castlereagh Street Sydney NSW 2000 Telephone: (02) 9394 7600 Facsimile: (02) 9394 7601 Email: [email protected] Reproduction and communication for other purposes Except as permitted under the Act (for example, a fair dealing for the purposes of study, research, criticism or review) no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, communicated or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission. All inquiries should be made to the publisher at the address above. The publisher thanks the Royal Australian Mint for granting permission to use Australian currency coin designs in this book.

9781741255904_Year 5_Money,Time,Fractions_PRESS.indd 2

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Contents About this book................................................................ iv Year 5

Year 6

Money

Money

Unit 1 Needs and wants................................................. 1 Unit 2 Rounding up to the nearest 5c.......................... 2 Unit 3 Rounding down to the nearest 5c.................... 3 Unit 4 Rounding up or down to the nearest 10c......... 4 Unit 5 Goods and services............................................. 5 Unit 6 Estimating by rounding..................................... 6 Unit 7 Estimating total costs......................................... 7 Unit 8 Understanding receipts...................................... 8 Unit 9 ATM withdrawals............................................... 9 Unit 10 Budgeting........................................................... 10

Unit 31 Introduction to percentages............................ 35 Unit 32 Common discounts.......................................... 36 Unit 33 Discounts in 10% units.................................... 37 Unit 34 Parts of whole dollar amounts........................ 38 Unit 35 More on parts of whole dollar amounts........ 39 Unit 36 More on parts of whole dollar amounts........ 40 Unit 37 Goods and services tax (GST)........................ 41 Unit 38 Interest................................................................ 42 Unit 39 Fees and commissions...................................... 43 Unit 40 Special deals....................................................... 44

Time

Time

Unit 11 A full day............................................................ 11 Unit 12 Understanding am and pm............................. 12 Unit 13 Understanding 24-hour time.......................... 13 Unit 14 Hours forward across days.............................. 14 Unit 15 Hours forward across days (digital)............... 15 Unit 16 Hours back across days.................................... 16 Unit 17 Hours back across days (digital).................... 17 Unit 18 Duration and elapsed time.............................. 18 Unit 19 Time zones......................................................... 19 Unit 20 Timetables.......................................................... 20

Unit 41 Vertical timetables............................................ 45 Unit 42 Weekly timetables............................................. 46 Unit 43 Weekly homework timetables......................... 47 Unit 44 Weekly school timetables................................ 48 Unit 45 Weekly timetables: 24-hour time................... 49 Unit 46 Train timetables................................................ 50 Unit 47 Overnight timetables........................................ 51 Unit 48 Time zones......................................................... 52 Unit 49 Suburban bus timetables.................................. 53 Unit 50 World time zones.............................................. 54

Fractions and Decimals

Fractions and Decimals

Unit 21 Common unit fractions................................... 21 Unit 22 More on common unit fractions.................... 22 Unit 23 Common fractions on number lines............. 23 Unit 24 Adding fractions............................................... 24 Unit 25 More on adding fractions................................ 25 Unit 26 Subtracting fractions........................................ 26 Unit 27 Mixed exercises with whole numbers............ 27 Unit 28 Decimal fractions.............................................. 28 Unit 29 Decimals............................................................. 29 Unit 30 Counting with fractions and decimals.......... 30

Test 1........................................................................... 31 Test 2........................................................................... 32

Answers (lift-out section).....................................A1–A8

Test 3 (NAPLAN-style)............................................ 33 Test 4 (NAPLAN-style)............................................ 34

Unit 51 Types of fractions.............................................. 55 Unit 52 More on types of fractions.............................. 56 Unit 53 Adding fractions............................................... 57 Unit 54 Subtracting fractions........................................ 58 Unit 55 Fractions and whole numbers........................ 59 Unit 56 Adding decimals............................................... 60 Unit 57 Subtracting decimals........................................ 61 Unit 58 Multiplying decimals........................................ 62 Unit 59 Dividing decimals............................................. 63 Unit 60 Multiplying and dividing decimals by 10s and 100s............................................ 64

Test 5........................................................................... 65 Test 6........................................................................... 66 Test 7 (NAPLAN-style)............................................ 67 Test 8 (NAPLAN-style)............................................ 68

Excel Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5–6 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4

iii

Excel Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5-6


17/10/2016 9:42 PM

About this book A note to parents • It is very important for students in the upper primary school years to have a wide variety of practical experience with money, to understand the relationship between time periods and durations, and to use fractions and decimals in real-life situations. • This book covers all material in the Australian Curriculum for the topics Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals (as stated below) but it also goes beyond the curriculum in Years 5 and 6 to provide extension work for students to excel at these topics in high school. • This book has been written to help Year 5 students prepare for the Year 5 NAPLAN Numeracy Test and also to help Year 6 students who will sit the Year 7 NAPLAN Numeracy Tests (Calculator Allowed and Non-calculator) in the following year. This book will develop the skills necessary for students to achieve maximum results and to realise their potential. The Australian Curriculum states for the topics of Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals: By the end of Year 5 students should be able to: Money • Create simple financial plans Time • Compare 12- and 24-hour time systems • Convert between 12- and 24-hour time Fractions • Compare and order decimals and unit fractions and locate them on number lines • Add and subtract fractions with the same denominator • Investigate strategies to solve problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with the same denominator • Recognise that the place value system can be extended beyond hundredths • Describe, continue and create patterns with fractions, decimals and whole numbers resulting from addition and subtraction. Note: this book covers the above material and more. Please see the contents page for a detailed list of the material covered in this book on these topics.

By the end of Year 6 students should be able to: Money • Investigate and calculate percentage discounts of 10%, 25% and 50% on sale items with and without digital technologies Time • Interpret and use timetables Fractions and Decimals • Compare fractions with related denominators and locate and represent them on a number line • Solve problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with the same or related denominators • Find a simple fraction of a quantity where the result is a whole number, with and without digital technologies • Add and subtract decimals, with and without digital technologies, and use estimation and rounding to check the reasonableness of answers • Multiply decimals by whole numbers and perform divisions by non-zero whole numbers where the results are terminating decimals, with and without digital technologies • Multiply and divide decimals by powers of 10 • Make connections between equivalent fractions, decimals and percentages. Note: this book covers the above material and more. Please see the contents page for a detailed list of the material covered in this book on these topics.

iv

Excel Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5–6

© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4



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YEAR 5

UNIT

1

Needs and wants

Most people have to budget. A budget shows the amount of money a person earns or receives and how they organise the way it is spent. To budget well a person has to understand money. People who spend money are called consumers. They can buy things they need or things they want. They may have to make a choice. A tip to help you! Know the difference between needs and wants. Needs are goods and services which consumers need to survive. These include fresh water, clothing and food. Wants are goods or services which consumers can live without but would like to have. 1 Susie is going for a two-day camp in a remote national park. She decides to buy these goods: chocolates torch balloons Circle the items that are needs.

water

sun hat roses

2 Rajest needs a new set of geometric tools which cost $6.90. He has saved $4.50. How much more does he need?

$

3 Wayne gets a weekly allowance of $15. He saves one-quarter of his allowance each week. How much will he save over 10 weeks?

$

4 Money can be grouped in ‘sensible combinations’ when shopping. Leslie paid $7 for her purchases. Tick boxes to show the best way Miff should pay $8.35. Amount Leslie’s purchases

$7.00

Miff’s purchases

$8.35

5c

10c

20c

50c

$1.00

$2.00

$5.00

✓

✓

$10.00

$20.00

$50.00

5 Let’s go over your work! a Coral is planning a fun pool party. Circle the items that are wants for her party but are not needs. cakes magician music swimmers pool buoyancy items candles whistles b Max needs to buy some sunscreen before he goes to the beach. He has $10. The sunscreen costs $2.75. How much change should he get? $ c Lucy is allowed to spend $10 on two books for her Kindle. She has a choice of: Black Gold $7.90 Killer Ants $13.80 Drums $9.70 Wild Roses $11.99 Circle any two books Lucy could purchase. d Tick the boxes to show the best way to pay the given amount. Amount

5c

10c

20c

50c

$1.00

$2.00

$5.00

$10.00

$20.00

$50.00

$17.70

e Wilson has saved $125. If he saved $5 each week how long did he take to save the full amount? Write your answer on the line. ☞

Answers on page A1


Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5–6

1



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

2

Rounding up to the nearest 5c

The coin with the lowest value is the 5c coin. Other coins are all multiples of 5c. When paying cash any item that has a cost price ending in 3c or 4c is rounded up to the next 5c, e.g. for an item that has a price tag of $5.33 you would pay $5.35 in cash. You cannot get 1c coins or 2c coins in your change. A tip to help you! The ability to round is important to work out an approximate cost for several items. Cash purchases must be rounded to the nearest 5c. There are no 1c or 2c coins available for items that have a price tag that ends with 3c or 4c. You round up. Rounding is a good budgeting strategy. 1 In the supermarket a packet of chips has a price tag of $2.04. How much would it cost to purchase the chips with cash? Circle a letter. A $2.00 B $2.04 C $2.05 D $2.10 2 At a newsagent, gift paper has a price tag of 43c per sheet. How much would it cost to pay for one sheet with cash? Circle a letter. A 40c B 45c C 50c D 55c 3 Jack purchases diesel fuel that comes to $35.33 on the bowser display. If he pays cash for his purchase, how much will he pay? Write your answer on the line.

$

4 At the supermarket Jill’s mother buys a carton of milk for $2.04. She pays with a $2 coin and a 50c coin. How much change will she get? Write your answer on the line.

$

5 Let’s go over your work! a Biros have a price tag of $1.04. How much would one cost if purchased with cash? Circle a letter. A $1.00 B $1.04 C $1.05 D $1.10 b Insect repellent has a price tag of $3.93. How much would it cost to purchase with cash? Circle a letter. A $3.00 B $3.90 C $3.94 D $3.95 c Jen buys this Santa hat. If Jen pays with cash how much will she pay? Write your answer on the line.

$2.23

$

d At a deli Jared uses cash to buy a wedge of cheese that costs $13.85. How much will he pay? Write your answer on the line.

$

e Batteries cost $1.01 each. Jacinta wants to buy four. At the checkout she tenders $5.00. How much change should she get? Write your answer on the line.

$

2 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


☞

Answers on page A1



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

3

Rounding down to the nearest 5c

Any item that has a cost price ending in 6c or 7c is rounded down to the nearest 5c. There are no 1c or 2c coins to give you change under 5c, e.g. for an item that costs $4.56 you would pay $4.55 in cash. You make a saving of 1c! A tip to help you! If you pay with a debit or credit card you pay the listed price. There is no

rounding involved.

1 Pablo bought a giant bag of licorice at the supermarket priced at $2.56. How much cash would Pablo need to pay for the licorice? Write your answer on the line. 2 The beef mince that Colin buys comes to a total of $6.77. How much would it cost if paid for using cash? Circle a letter. A $6.50 B $6.70 C $6.75

D $6.80

3 The total cost of washing machine repairs including tax comes to $120.87. David can pay with a debit card or cash. If David pays with cash, how much will he save? Write your answer on the line. 4 At a market jewellery stall Sally buys some plastic bangles for $0.97. She tenders a $2 coin. The stall holder gives her change in convenient amounts. Which coins will she get in her change? 5 Let’s go over your work! a Gisele bought a bag of apples at the supermarket priced at $3.57. How much would Gisele pay if she used her debit card? Write your answer on the line.

$

b The magazines that Roy purchases come to a total of $16.26. Amount

5c

10c

20c

50c

$1.00

$2.00

$5.00

$10.00

$20.00

$50.00

$16.26

Tick the boxes to show the best way to pay the exact amount in cash.

c Ben buys a toy helicopter for $3.15. If he pays cash for his purchase how much will he pay? Write your answer on the line.

$

d At a school fete Ron buys some loose peanuts for a total of $2.07. What is the least number of coins he needs to pay for his purchase? e ☞

Mr Willows purchases a bicycle for $163.62. Mr Willows can pay with a debit card or with cash. If Mr Willows pays for the bicycle with cash how much will he save? Write your answer on the line.

Answers on page A1



3



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

4

Rounding up or down to the nearest 10c

The coin with the lowest value is the 5c coin. Other coins are all multiples of 5c. Any item that has a cost price ending in 8c or 9c is rounded up to the next 10c, e.g. for an item that costs $9.99 you would pay $10.00 in cash. Any item that has a cost price ending in 1c or 2c is rounded down to the previous 10c. A tip to help you! Cash purchases must be rounded to the nearest 5c or 10c but card payments are for the exact amount. 1 A beach ball has a price tag of $2.78. How much would it cost to purchase with cash? Circle a letter. A $2.70 B $2.75 C $2.78 D $2.80 2 Milko bars are priced at $0.42 each. How much would one cost if paying with cash? Circle a letter. A $0.40 B $0.42 C $0.45 D $0.50 3 Jason purchased a fishing magazine for $5.88. If he pays cash for his purchase how much will he pay? Write your answer on the line.

Gone Fishing

$

4 At the supermarket a large carton of milk is priced at $6.92. Camilla hands over a $10 note for a carton. List the most convenient coins she should get in her change. 5 Let’s go over your work! a A baseball cap has a price tag of $4.28. How much would it cost if purchased with cash? Circle a letter. A $4.20 B $4.25 C $4.30 D $4.50 b Health drinks are priced at $3.42 each. How much would one cost if paid for with cash? Circle a letter. A $3.40 B $3.42 C $3.45 D $3.50 c Mr Ling purchased a train ticket for $15.58. If he paid cash using a $20 note how much change did he get? Write your answer on the line.

$

d Gavin buys three Choc Frogs for 96c each. He tenders two $2 coins. How much change will he get? Write your answer on the line.

$

e

At the supermarket checkout Mr Gold’s grocery bill comes to $115.48. He pays with three $50 notes. List the most convenient change he should be offered.



☞

Answers on page A1



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

5

Goods and services

Customers or buyers of goods and services are often called consumers. On most goods and services 1 that are sold, the government adds a tax. It is called GST. GST is a tax of 10% ( 10 ) on the supply of most goods and services consumed in Australia. It is sometimes called a sales tax. A tip to help you! Goods are the items bought by consumers that can actually be touched, e.g. food, toys, sporting gear and clothing. Services are things done for consumers. They include car repairs, getting a haircut, transport fares, entertainment or your home being supplied with electricity or water. Some purchases can be both goods and services, such as a home-delivered pizza. 1 Here are some things people buy. Circle those that can be classified as a good. airfares baked beans school fees comb truck haircut petrol 2 Here are some things people buy. Circle those that can be classified as a service. bridge toll pizza block of land pins TV repairs dentist visit computer 3 Mr Finn has written a book that is about to be published. His book will be classified as a service or a good. Tick a box. 4 Draw a line to show whether each item is a good or a service. cheese

good

circus ticket

service

good

tutoring

service

good

cough mixture

service

good service

5 Let’s go over your work! a Here are some things customers buy. Circle those that can be classified as goods. insurance car wash CD nail polish cola thongs iPad magic show b Here are some things people buy. Circle those that can be classified as services. roses mail delivery perfume goldfish doctor consultation postcard c Ms Silver tells people’s fortunes by studying the palms of their hands. service or a good? Tick a box. Is this classified as a d Draw a line to show whether each item is a good or a service. cashier’s work

good

firewood

service gas cylinder

good service

good service

receptionist’s work

good

Answers on page A1


good service

cleaner’s work

service

e Elle and Jen swap some books they own with each other. Should they pay a tax on the exchange? Tick a box. Yes ☞

pet food

good service

No


5



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

6

Estimating by rounding

Numbers (or prices) can be added or subtracted quickly by rounding to get an approximate answer. Rounding is altering a number to more or less to make calculations more convenient. It is an approximating technique often used in shopping to estimate how much goods will cost. The rounding technique for estimating is slightly different to the rounding used for cash purchases as you don’t usually round to the nearest 5c. Instead you usually round to the nearest 10c or $1. Numbers that end with 1, 2, 3 or 4 can be rounded to the previous 10. Numbers that end with 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 can be rounded to the next 10. A tip to help you! Knowing approximately how much several items will cost is a sensible way to control how much you spend. 1 Round these numbers to the nearest ten. Write the rounded number on the line. 67

51

102

65

448

299

2 Round these money amounts to the nearest 10c. Write the rounded amount on the line. 26c

17c

88c

75c

$1.43

$3.99

3 Round these dollar amounts to the nearest $10. Write the rounded amount on the line. $33

$61

$49

$112

$247

$499

4 Mira priced these items in the supermarket: cornflakes 87c soap $1.42 sugar 75c apples 52c Using the rounding technique, roughly how much will they cost?

$

5 Let’s go over your work! a Round these numbers to the nearest ten. Write the rounded number on the line.

92

107

202

649

225

398

b Round these money amounts to the nearest 10c. Write the rounded amount on the line.

31c

57c

98c

76c

$2.42

$5.98

c Round these dollar amounts to the nearest $10. Write the rounded amount on the line.

$12

d

Valda wanted to buy these items at the pharmacy: tissues $ 1.25 soap $2.99 shampoo $3.66 sunscreen $2.59 Round the cost of each item to the nearest $1. Will a $10 note cover the total cost? Yes No Tick a box.

$69

$409

$451

$247

$797

e Mr Simms priced these items in the motorbike accessories store: helmet $72 mirror $28 gloves $44 toolbag $37 Using the rounding technique, roughly how much will they cost? 6 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


$ ☞

Answers on page A1



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

7

Estimating total costs

When buying several items in one store it makes sense to know approximately how much you plan to spend. You can do this by rounding the prices and adding. Sometimes you may have to round the cents and sometimes the dollars, e.g. $3.47 could be rounded to $3.50 or $3 depending upon the situation. A tip to help you! Cent amounts between 1c and 49c round to the previous dollar, e.g. $1.35 rounds to $1. Cent amounts between 50c and 99c round to the next dollar, e.g. $1.82 rounds to $2. 1 What is $4.06 when rounded to a 10c amount? Circle a letter. B $4.05 C $4.10 A $4.00

D $5.00

2 What is $4.06 when rounded to a dollar amount? Write your answer on the line. 3 Tanya buys items at the supermarket worth 38c, 17c, 23c and 31c. What is the total value of the items as a rounded amount? Being considerate, she will pay with a single note or coin. Which note or coin will she tender? Write your answer on the line. 4 Look at the cost of the items Tanya purchased. What is their real value? If she pays with cash at the checkout how much will she be charged?

$ $

$ $

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is $5.55 when rounded to a 10c amount? Circle a letter. A $5.00 B $5.50 C $5.55 D $5.60 b What is $5.55 when rounded to a dollar amount? Write your answer on the line. c

Buckley buys items at the bike shop worth $22.02, $19.90, $8.00 and $15.10. What is the value of the items as a rounded amount? Being considerate, he will pay with a single note. Which note will he tender? Write your answer on the line.

d

Look at the cost of the items Buckley purchased. What is their real value? If he pays with a debit card at the checkout how much will he be charged?

$ $

$ $

e Fire alarm batteries are 86c each or $2.52 for a pack of four. Mr Lowe needs three batteries. If he pays cash for his purchase, which is the better buy? Tick a box. three individual batteries a four-pack of batteries ☞

Answers on page A1



7



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

8

Understanding receipts

After making a purchase, a buyer will usually be given a receipt (also known as a docket). A receipt is proof of your purchase. It is an important record of where and when you bought something. You need a receipt if something goes wrong and you want a refund. A tip to help you! Not all receipts look the same but they should show the cost of the item,

how the payment was made, any change given and the amount of GST.

Look at the tax invoice/receipt for the Sydney Morning Herald newspaper and answer questions 1 to 4. 1 How much did this copy of the Sydney Morning Herald cost? Write your answer on the line.

$

2 Did the buyer pay cash? Tick a box.

No

$4.90 $0.00

Total

$4.90

Change

$0.10

Tendered Cash

$5.00

^ GST Total

$

16/11/16

4 What was the tax on the sale of the newspaper? Write your answer on the line.

$4.90

Sub total Rounding

Yes

3 How much change was given? Write your answer on the line.

Tax Invoice / Receipt ^ SYD MORNING HERALD: 16/11/16 9770312631117

$0.45

2:21:36 PM

CN

POS1

Sale No. S0000082835 Refunds available on faulty items only.

$

5 Let’s go over your work! Look at the receipt from PRICES PLUS and answer questions 5a to 5d.

PRICES

a How did the buyer pay for the items from PRICES PLUS?

Card

Tick a box.

Cash

Lower prices plus much more

SALE 17/11/16 10:51 am Served by Trina

Ref: 17011259 Reg 01

1402009 1 @ $2.50 $2.50 Gift bag polka dot craft 1446149 1 @ $2.50 $2.50 Bags non woven 3pk 10 Ass 1446149 1 @ $2.50 $2.50 Bags non woven 3pk 10 Ass

b How much did the buyer pay in GST for the goods? $ Write your answer on the line.

Total (inc. GST of $0.69)

c What was the cost of the items from PRICES PLUS before tax was added? $ Write your answer on the line. d Was rounding necessary? Tick a box.

PLUS

59 Front Street Mossman QLD 4873

7.50

Paid by: Cash

Yes

7.50

No

e How much was tendered to pay for the newspaper in the top docket? Circle a letter. A $0.10 B $0.45 C $4.90 D $5.00 8 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


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Answers on page A1



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

9

ATM withdrawals

Cash can be withdrawn from an Automatic Teller Machine (ATM). You debit your account. Often there is a fee for using an ATM. If you request a receipt you will get a record of the transaction and your present financial position. A tip to help you! What is the difference between the ‘debit’ and ‘credit’ of your account?

Debit means taking money from an account. It is one method of withdrawal. Credit means putting money into an account. The meaning of ‘credit’ in ‘credit card’ is slightly different. A credit card lets the user purchase goods on credit (money) usually provided by a bank. It is borrowed money and has to be repaid.

This is Greg’s ATM receipt.

PORCINE BANK

1 How much did Greg withdraw? Write your answer on the line. 2 How much was debited from Greg’s account for this transaction? Write your answer on the line.

$

DATE TIME 04/04/16 16:05 Emutown 945

$

CARD: SEQ NUM: WITHDRAW FROM: AMOUNT: SURCHARGE:

3 Later Greg deposited $100 into his account. What was his new balance? Write your answer on the line. $

SEQ NUMB 3440

ATM ID E006733

....2014 3440 SAVINGS $200.00 $2.95

ACCOUNT BALANCE: AVAILABLE BALANCE:

$1540.75 $1540.75

Please retain or dispose of thoughtfully.

4 Greg made a second deposit of $50 into his account. What was his new balance? Write your answer on the line.

$

5 Let’s go over your work! Gus Pegg used his debit card to access his account at the ANTZ BANK. a How much did Gus withdraw? Write your answer on the line. $ b How much was debited from Gus’s account for this transaction? Write your answer on the line. $ c How much was the bank’s fee? Write your answer on the line.

$

d How much did Gus have in his savings account after this transaction? Circle a letter. B $200.00 C $201.00 A 1.00 e Later in the week Gus withdrew another $10 using his debit card. What was the new balance in Gus’s bank account? Write your answer on the line. ☞

Answers on page A1


ANTZ BANK TERMINAL # SEQUENCE # AUTH # DATE TIME

123456 12345 256888KK 11/11/2016 16:52:24

CARD NUMBER CUSTOMER NAME

**** **** **** 0069 GUS PEGG

DISPENSED AMOUNT REQUESTED AMOUNT FROM ACCOUNT TERMINAL FEE

$200.00 $200.00 SAVINGS $1.00

TOTAL AMOUNT BALANCE

$201.00 $203.00

D $203.00 B BANK DEBIT


$ 9



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

10

Budgeting

A budget is a plan for saving, spending and managing money. It has two parts: income and expenditure. A tip to help you! If your expenditure (what you spend) is greater than your income (what you earn) then you end up in debt. Debt is money owed. Debt can be expensive.

1 Dad earns $1500 a week. He pays $150 per week on rent. At the end of four weeks how much does Dad have left over for other expenses?

$

2 The Hunt family have these weekly expenses: rent $200 food $250 fares $50 power $50 internet $30 rates $25 $ How much do the Hunts have to earn each week to pay their bills? Use this table for questions 3 and 4. 3 In the expenses column show Meg’s expenditure. Income $ Expenditure

Meg’s weekly income and expenses $5 for mowing $3.50 each day for making her bed $2.50 for a magazine $5 from Jim for a computer game $2 to RSPCA

$

4 Now in the income column show Meg’s weekly income. 5 Let’s go over your work! a Jake earns $150 a week. He pays $30 per week for bus fares. At the end of a fortnight how much does Jake have left over for other things? $ b Marcia’s income each week is $58. She has bills of $93 at the end $ of one week. How much debt will she be in? Use this table for questions 5c, 5d and 5e. c In the expenses column show Brett’s March expenditure. Brett’s March income and expenses Income $ Expenditure $

Total Total d In the income column show Brett’s March income. e Add each column to get the total. By how much? Which is the greater? 10 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4

$10 for cleaning Mum’s car $2.50 for fares to soccer $4 for an ice-cream $5 for video hire $10 from Uncle Ted for birthday $3 for computer cable $5 from sale of soccer helmet

$


☞

Answers on pages A1–A2



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

11

A full day

Each day is made up of 24 hours which can be divided into two equal parts: before midday and after midday. A tip to help you! When people talk about a day they can either mean the 24-hour period from midnight to midnight or the period of daylight hours.

1 When does each new day start? Circle a letter. A midnight B 6 o’clock in the morning C 9 o’clock in the morning D midday 2 How many hours are in one day? Write your answer on the line.

hours

3 What is the time 12 hours after half past 2 in the morning? Write your answer on the line. 4 How many hours are from 4 o’clock in the morning until 8 o’clock at night? Write your answer on the line.

hours

5 Let’ s go over your work! a

When does each day end? Circle a letter. A 12 noon B 5 o’clock in the afternoon C 7 o’clock in the afternoon D midnight

b How many hours are in two whole days? Write your answer on the line.

hours

c What is the time 12 hours before half past 2 at night? Write your answer on the line. (Note: there is more than one way to write your answer.) d How many hours are from 6 o’clock in the evening until 8 o’clock the next morning? Write your answer on the line.

hours

e What is the time 4 hours before 2 o’clock in the morning? Write your answer on the line. (Note: there is more than one way to write your answer.) ☞

Answers on page A2



11



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

12

Understanding am and pm

Each new day starts at midnight. Midnight to noon hours are labelled the am hours (from ante meridiem), e.g. 7 o’clock in the morning can be written as 7 am. Noon to midnight hours are labelled the pm hours (from post meridiem). The morning hours (am)

(midnight)

12 (noon)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Examples of am times and pm times: 10 9

7 6 5

2 3

10 9

4

8

2 3

10 9

4

8

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3 4

(noon)

8

9

The afternoon hours (pm)

10

11

12 (midnight)

pm times

12 12

8

am times

11 12 1

10 9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 00 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 00/24 The hours after noon can be a continuation from 13 to 24 (24 is called 00).

8

11 12 1

7 6 5

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3 4

A tip to help you! Remember that A comes before P in the alphabet so am comes first and represents the morning hours. 1 What does the grey line in the top diagram most closely represent? Write your answer on the line. 2 Using an am or pm label, write the time for 7 o’clock in the morning. 3 How many hours are from 2 am until 10 pm on the same day? Write the number on the line.

hours

4 Mr Francis left home for work at 8:15 am and returned home at 6:45 pm. How long was Mr Francis away from home? Write the number on the line.

hours

5 Let’s go over your work! a Using an am or pm label, write the time for half past 1 in the afternoon. b How many hours are from 5 pm until 3 am the next day? Write the number in the box.

hours

c Frank works as a security officer. 1 He arrives at work at 8:30 am and leaves 52 hours later. When does he finish work? Write your answer on the line. d Lance arrived home from a holiday at 7:30 pm. He had been travelling for 9 hours. When did Lance begin his journey home? Circle a letter. A 2:30 pm B 10:30 am C 2:30 am D 10:30 pm e A train leaves at 9 pm and arrives at its destination 11 hours later. Using an am or pm label, write on the line the time it arrived. 12 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


☞

Answers on page A2



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

13

Understanding 24-hour time

Each new day starts at midnight and lasts for 24 hours. The morning hours (am)

(midnight)

12

1

2

3

12

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

The afternoon hours (pm)

(noon)

12

4

(noon)

12 (midnight)

1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The hours after noon can be named 13 to 24 (24 is called 00). 00 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 00/24

Digital hours are often referred to as ‘hundreds’, e.g. 4 o’clock in the afternoon would be called 16 hundred hours (1600). Quarter past 1 (1:15) in the afternoon becomes 1315 hours. The minutes do not change. A tip to help you! To convert afternoon hours to 24-hour time add 12 to the afternoon hour time,

e.g. 7 o’clock in the afternoon will become 19 (12 + 7 = 19). This would be called 19 hundred hours (1900).

1 What is 8 pm in the evening in 24-hour time? Write your answer on the line. 2 Using this 24-hour clock face, what will be the 1 time 32 hours after the morning time shown?

11 23 10 22

12 00

1

13

9 21

15 3

8 20

19

7

Write your answer on the line.

142

18

6

17

16 4

5

3 Using the 24-hour clock face, what will be the hour number at 12 8:30 in the evening? Write your answer on the line. 1 11 10 22

4 According to a timetable a plane will arrive at 8:20 pm. 8 What 24-hour time will a digital clock show?

23

00

13

9 21

142 15 3

20 19

7

18

6

17

:

16 4

5

5 Let’s go over your work! a b c d

What is 4 am in 24-hour time? Write your answer on the line. 1 Using the 24-hour clock face, what will be the hour number 12 hours before midnight? Write your answer on the line. 12 1 In 24-hour time which number will the minute hand be 10 11 2 on at 10:45 hours? Write your answer on the line. 9 3 8 4 According to a timetable, a train arrives at 9:50 pm. 5 7 6 What 24-hour time will a digital clock show? 23

00

13

22

14

15

21

20

19

18

17

16

e This is the time Marty finished his homework before going to bed. How could this be shown on a 24-hour digital clock? Circle a11letter. 12 1 2 10 B 12 : 90 C 12: 09 D A 9 : 01 21 : 01 9 3 23

00

13

22

14

15

21

8

☞

Answers on page A2


20 19

7

18

6

17

: 11

12

1 2

10 9

3

8

4 7

6

5

16 4

5


13



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

14

Hours forward across days

A tip to help you! People use a variety of names for times of the day. Some are not precise. Here are some: night (the hours of darkness), day (the hours of light), evening (the time at the end of day or after dark), morning (after the sun has risen), afternoon (between midday and twilight). 1 What is the time 11 hours after 10 pm on Tuesday? Circle a letter. A 9 o’clock Wednesday morning B 12 o’clock midnight on Wednesday C 11 o’clock Wednesday evening D 9 o’clock Wednesday evening 2 What is the time 20 hours after 2 am on Sunday? Circle a letter. A 10 o’clock Monday evening B 10 o’clock Sunday evening D 8 o’clock Monday morning C 12 o’clock midnight Monday 3 What 24-hour time will a digital clock’s display show 13 hours after 1 am? 4 Alissa goes to sleep on Thursday night at the time shown on this clock. She wakes up 7 hours later. On what day and at what time did she wake up? Write your answer on the line.

:

10 9 8

11 12 1

7

6 5

2 3 4

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is the time 7 hours after 11 pm on Saturday? Circle a letter. A 6 o’clock Sunday afternoon B 6 o’clock Sunday morning C 5 o’clock Sunday evening D 5 o’clock Sunday morning b What is the time 15 hours after 10 am on Saturday? Circle a letter. A 11 o’clock Sunday night B 1 o’clock Sunday morning C 5 o’clock Sunday afternoon D 1 o’clock Sunday afternoon c What 24-hour time will a digital clock show 5 hours after 11 pm? d

Charles starts watching a race on TV on Monday night at the time shown on the clock. The race finishes 3 hours later. On what day and at what time did the race finish? Write your answer on the line.

e

The clock shows the time on Wednesday afternoon at which Les leaves on an interstate train trip. 1 The trip takes 82 hours. On what day and at what time does he arrive at his destination? Write your answer on the line.


:

11 12 1 10

2

8

4

9

3 7

10 9 8

6 5

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3 4


☞

Answers on page A2



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

15

Hours forward across days (digital)

A tip to help you! There is no 24:00 in digital time. One minute after 23:59 a digital clock will display 00:00, which is the beginning of a new day. 1 On a 24-hour digital clock what is the time 5 hours after half past 9 in the evening? Circle a letter. A

B

1 : 30

2 : 30

C

D 14 : 30

4: 30

2 On a 24-hour digital clock what is the time 14 hours after 6:15 pm? Circle a letter. A

B

8 : 15

9 : 15

C 19: 15

D 20 : 15 1

3 Tran went to a concert which started at 9:30 pm and lasted for 4 2 hours. At what 24-hour time did the concert conclude? 4 This is the time Taya leaves on a flight to Singapore 1 on Tuesday evening. The flight takes 82 hours. On what day and at what 24-hour time does she arrive at her destination?

10 9

11 12 1

8

:

2 3 4

7 6 5

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is the 24-hour time 6 hours after half past 8 in the evening? Circle a letter. A

B

2 : 30

3 : 30

C 14: 30

D 15 : 30

b What is the 24-hour time 24 hours after 6:15 pm? Circle a letter. A

B

2 : 15

4 : 15

C

D 18 : 15

6: 15

c A cross-country hike started at 10:30 am 1 and lasted for 122 hours. At what 24-hour time did the hike conclude?

:

d This is the time Mia leaves on an interstate bus trip 1 on Monday evening. The bus trip takes 92 hours.

On what day and at what 24-hour time did she arrive

at her destination? Write your answer on the line.

10 9 8

11 12 1

2 3

7

6

5

4

e What is the 24-hour time 4 hours after a quarter to 10 in the evening? Circle a letter. B

A 12 : 15 ☞

Answers on page A2


1 : 45

C 12: 45

D

0 : 45


15



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

16

Hours back across days

A tip to help you! The labels am and pm are short for ante meridiem, meaning ‘before midday’, and post meridiem, meaning ‘after midday’. Alphabetically a (for ante) comes before p (for post) just as morning comes before afternoon. 1 What is the time 3 hours before 1 am on Tuesday? Circle a letter. A 4 o’clock Monday morning B 10 o’clock Tuesday morning C 10 o’clock Monday night D 9 o’clock Monday evening 2 What is the time 8 hours before 3 am on Saturday? Circle a letter. A 11 pm Friday B 7 pm Friday C 5 pm Friday D 1 pm Friday 3 What 24-hour time will a digital clock show 1 hour before 1 am? 4 Mrs Want’s baby woke up on Thursday morning at the time shown on this clock. The baby had slept for 8 hours. On what day and at what time did the baby go to sleep? Write your answer on the line.

:

10 9 8

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3 4

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is the time 7 hours before 6 am on Saturday? Circle a letter. A 11 pm Friday B 1 am Friday C 5 am Friday D 1 pm Friday b

What is the time 10 hours before 2 am on Sunday? Circle a letter. A 4 o’clock Saturday afternoon B 10 o’clock Monday morning C 12 o’clock midnight Saturday D 12 o’clock midday Saturday

c What 24-hour time will a digital clock show 4 hours before 4 am? Write your answer in the box. d

Chas finished watching a late-night movie on Monday at this time. The movie had run for 3 hours. On what day and at what time did the movie start? Write your answer on the line.

e

This is the time at which Maggie arrived by plane 1 on early Saturday morning. The trip had taken 82 hours. On what day and at what 24-hour time did she leave on her plane trip? Write your answer on the line.


10 9 8

11 12 1

7 6 5

: 2 3 4

1 : 30


☞

Answers on page A2



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

17

Hours back across days (digital)

A tip to help you! Many digital clocks and watches have a button that will convert back and forth from 12-hour time to 24-hour time. 1 What is the 24-hour time 5 hours before half past 3 in the afternoon? Circle a letter. A

B

8 : 30

9 : 30

C 10: 30

D 20 : 30

2 What is the 24-hour time 14 hours before 12:15 pm? Circle a letter. A

B

2 : 15

9 : 15

C 22 : 15

D 20 : 15

3 Edmund went to a rock concert which finished at 1:30 am. 1 It had been going for 62 hours. At what 24-hour time did the concert start? 4 This is the time Rhona arrived on a flight from Bangkok on 1 Saturday evening. The flight took 82 hours. On what day and at what time did she leave Bangkok? Write your answer on the line.

:

10 9 8

11 12 1

7

6 5

2 3 4

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is the 24-hour time 6 hours before half past 4 in the morning? Circle a letter. A

B 10 : 30

9 : 30

C 14: 30

D 22 : 30

b What is the 24-hour time 24 hours before 9:45 pm? Circle a letter. A

B

1 : 45

3 : 45

C

9 : 45

D 21 : 45

c A cross-country endurance ride which finished at 1 10:30 pm had lasted for 122 hours. At what 24-hour time did the ride begin? d

This is the time Rachael finished reading a book on Sunday morning. 1 She had been reading for 52 hours. On what day and at what 24-hour time did she start her book?

10 9 8

11 12 1

7 6 5

:

2 3 4

:

e What is the 24-hour time 10 hours before a quarter to 8 in the morning? Circle a letter. A 19 : 45 ☞

Answers on page A2


B 21 : 45

C

7 : 45

D

9 : 45


17



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

18

Duration and elapsed time

Duration is the time it takes something to happen. The duration of a school test may be 30 minutes. Elapsed time is the time that has already passed. (An hour had elapsed before the bell rang.) A tip to help you! To find the amount of elapsed time, count forward from the starting time. Work out the elapsed times to complete these tables. 1

3

Start time

End time

Elapsed time 2 Start time End time

9.30 am

1.30 pm

10:00 am

11:45 am

5.45 am

1.15 pm

09:00 am

05:30 pm

2.00 pm

12 noon

08:15 pm

02:45 am

Start time

End time

Elapsed time 4 Start time End time

0100 hours 2200 hours

10 9 8

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3

10 9

4

8

11 12 1

7 6 5

Elapsed time

Elapsed time

2 3 4

0530 hours 1000 hours 11 12 1

2

10

0030 hours 1100 hours

9

10 9

3

8

8

4 7

6 5

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3 4

5 Let’s go over your work! Work out the elapsed times to complete these tables. a

c

Start time End time 9.15 am

12.30 pm

5.45 pm

12.15 pm

Start time End time 1300 hours 1415 hours 2145 hours 2315 hours

Elapsed time

Elapsed time

b Start time End time

d

09:20 am

11:30 am

08:45 am

01:30 pm

Start time End time 10 9 8

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3

10 9

4

8

11 12 1

7 6 5



Elapsed time

2 3 4

e A maths test had a duration of 45 minutes. If the start time was half past 9, what time was the digital finish time?

18

Elapsed time

☞

:




17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

19

Time zones

Each new day starts at midnight and lasts for 24 hours. 00 1 22 23 2 21 3 Look at this 24-hour clock. There is no 24:00. 20 4 19 5 Midnight is 00:00, the start of a new day. The shaded hours 18 6 17 7 on the clock indicate the night hours. 16 8 15 9 14 13 11 10 The hours of day and night are not usually this evenly divided. 12 The world is divided into 24 time zones. Australia has three time zones depending on state arrangements. The Central Zone is half an hour behind the Eastern Zone. The Western Zone is 3 hours behind the Eastern Zone during summer.

12

11 23 10 22

00

1

13

9 21 Western Standard Time

Central Standard Time

8

142 15 3

20 19

17

16 4

5

18 Eastern 7Standard 6 Time

Perth Sydney

Adelaide Melbourne

A tip to help you! Each time zone to the next is an hour apart. As time zones don’t neatly match national and state borders, most countries adjust the time zones to match their borders. 1 In summer when it is 8 o’clock in Sydney (NSW), what is the time in Perth (WA)? 2 When it is 4:30 in Sydney, what is the time in Adelaide? 3 When it is 3:30 in Adelaide, what is the time in Sydney? 4 In summer a jet left Sydney at 10 pm and took 3 hours to fly to Perth. At what time did it arrive? 5 Let’s go over your work! The Earth rotates so at any one moment different places are experiencing different times. a New Zealand is 2 hours ahead of Victoria. If it is 5.45 am : in Victoria, what time is it in New Zealand? b England is 12 hours behind Australia. If it is 2 pm on Friday in Australia, what is the time in England? Using 24-hour time, what time will a digital clock show?

:

What day will it be?

c When it is 2 am in Perth what is the time in Sydney?

:

d South Australia is half an hour behind NSW. If it is 16 : 30 hours in South Australia, what is the time in NSW? e In summer Sydney is 3 hours ahead of Perth in WA. The clock shows the time in Sydney. What is the time in Perth? Circle a letter. A 8 o’clock B 9 o’clock C 2 o’clock ☞

Answers on page A3


hours 10 9 8

D 3 o’clock


11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3 4

19



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

20

Timetables

A timetable is a chart showing departure and arrival times for forms of transport. It can also be a plan of times at which things are scheduled to take place (lesson timetable). A tip to help you! Timetables can be for periods of minutes or hours or longer periods, such as days. A timetable may show arrival and departure times of transport services or be a plan of times at which events start and end. This is the timetable for the Ghan train service from Darwin to Adelaide. 1 Over how many days of the week does the train travel on its trip from Darwin to Adelaide?

Wednesday Depart Darwin

10.00 am

Arrive Katherine

1.40 pm

days Depart Katherine

5.00 pm

2 What is the duration of the stop in Alice Springs? 3 What is the arrival time in Adelaide in 24-hour digital time? 4 How long is the leg of the journey from Katherine to Alice Springs? Circle a letter. A 5 hours B 10 hours

Thursday

Arrive Alice Springs

10.00 am

Depart Alice Springs

9.45 pm Friday

:

Arrive Coober Pedy

9.00 am

Depart Coober Pedy

7.40 pm Saturday

Arrive Adelaide

C 15 hours

12.50 pm

D 17 hours

5 Let’s go over your work! This is the return timetable from Adelaide to Darwin.

Sunday Depart Adelaide

a How many days does it take to go from Adelaide to Darwin?

days

b How much time elapses between arrival and departure times in Alice Springs? c What is the arrival time in Darwin in 24-hour digital time?

:

d How long is there between the departure times in Maria and Alice Springs? Circle a letter. A 2 hours B 10 hours C 14 hours

12.15 pm Monday

Arrive Maria

6.00 am

Depart Maria

8.00 am

Arrive Alice Springs

1.45 pm

Depart Alice Springs

6.00 pm Tuesday

Arrive Katherine

9.00 am

Depart Katherine

1.00 pm

Arrive Darwin

5.30 pm

D 16 hours

e When did the Ghan arrive in Alice Springs on Monday? Circle a letter. A 1345 hours B 1305 hours C 1405 hours D 1045 hours 20 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


☞

Answers on page A3



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

21

Common unit fractions

The top number of a fraction is called the numerator. The bottom number is the denominator. 1 A fraction looks like this: numerator , e.g. 5 denominator

2

When the numerator and the denominator are the same, the number is one whole, e.g. 2 = 1.

A tip to help you! To compare fractions when the numerators are the same keep in mind that the 1

1

larger the denominator, the smaller the fraction, e.g. 10 is smaller than 2. 1

1 Circle a letter for the fraction that is less than one-sixth (6). 1 1 1 B 2 C 3 A 8

1

D 5

2

2 How many fifths is the same as two-tenths ( 10 )? Write a number in the box. 3 What fraction represents the amount of pizza left on the tray? Write your answer as a fraction. 1

4 Shade half (2 ) of this rectangle.

5 Let’s go over your work! 1

a Circle a letter for the fraction that is greater than one-eighth (8). 1

B

A 9

1 10

1

C 3

1

D 20

b How many tenths are in one whole? c What fraction of this circle is shaded? Write the numerator and denominator in the boxes. 1

d Shade one-quarter (4 ) of this rectangle.

e A whole pizza is cut ready to serve. Danny takes one piece. What fraction of the pizza does Danny take? Write numbers in the boxes. ☞

Answers on page A3



21



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

22

More on common unit fractions

This is a number line. The arrows indicate that the line can continue in both directions. Fractions can be shown on a number line.

–5

–4

–3

–2

–1

0

1

2

3

4

5

A tip to help you! To compare fractions when the numerators are the same keep in mind that the 1

1

1

smaller the denominator, the larger the fraction, e.g. 100 is larger 1 than 100 . 2 1

1 What is one-third (3) of 24? Circle a letter. A 6 B 8

X

5

X 0

C 9

1 3

2 3

1

4 3

5 3

7

2

8

3

3 3 D 21

1

2 Put a cross (X) on this number line at a point to indicate one-fifth A (5). B 0

1

2

3

4

0

5

10 3

11 3

13 3

4

C 6

14 3

5

D 7

8

9

?

1

10

1

1 0 3 If one-third of a number is 5, what is the whole number? 8 Write your answer on the line.

X

0

1

4 Jon has a bag of 12 lollies. X Ben took one-third of Jon’s lollies and Glenn took one-quarter of the lollies. How many lollies did Jon have left? Circle a letter. 1 2 3 1B 3 A 0 C 5 D 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 2

4


a What is one-fifth of 35? Circle a letter. A 5 B 6

1

C 7

2

3

D 30

4

1

b Put a cross (X) on this number line near a point to indicate one-third (3). 1 0

4

1

c If one-eighth of a number is 4, what is the whole number? Write your answer on the line. X half of Tanya’s marbles 1 d Tanya had a bag0of 16 marbles. Nancy won and Glenn won one-quarter of Tanya’s marbles. How many marbles did Tanya have left? Circle a letter. A 2 B 3 C 4 D 6 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 1 1 2 of 25 or of 33? e Which is the greater number: 5 3 Write your answer on the line.



☞

Answers on page A3



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

23

Common fractions on number lines A tip to help you! Number lines can show numbers smaller than or greater than zero. Numbers smaller than zero are called negative numbers. 1

Mixed numerals are whole numbers 1 with a fraction, e.g. 34 . 0

1 What fraction does X represent on this number line? Write your answer in the boxes. X

0 –5

1

–3–5 –2–4 –1–3 0 –2 1 –1 2 0 3 1 4 2 5 3

–4

–4 –3 –2 position –1 0 X1 on2this3number 4 5line? 2 What is the missing –5 number for the Write your answer in the –5boxes. –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 –512 –41 –3 –5–2 2–4–1 –30 –231 –12 0 34 1 4 2 5 53 0

1

1 1 –4 2 2

–5 0

1

–3 1 0 –2 2 –1 1 0

1

X

X2

4

5 4

5

4X 5 5

3

5

1

12 3 What would be the mixed 00 numeral 11 0forX 1the cross XX numberXline? 55 Xon this 1

5

2

0

2 X 11 2 41 52 0 1 3 22 3 11 04 3 53 3 3 2X 3 3 1 3 3 X

10 520 ?

4 Which dot represents Circle a letter. 0 0

0

1 13 3

1 3

1

1

2 23 3

5

7

8

4A

B7

5

1 2 2

2

00

11 0

d Put an X on this number line 1to 1 1

11

☞

Answers on page A3


11

X

??

X

?

XX

3

3 3 2

22 1

11 X

1 3 4 4

4

43

1 show where 24 2 3

–3

–2

–1

0

1

14 3

5

10

D

10

1 4

X

4 4

44 3

4

might be4located. 4 4 4

44 1 22

5

13

?

4

1

–4

14

14 3

4 D3

4 34

33 2

e Put an X on this number line to show where 1 –5

D13

3 23 X

1 line 0to2show132 . 1 2

1

0

13 14 13 1014 3 115 3 3 35

3 C 3D3

B

line?

2 3 3

2 12

1

1

10

11 711 3 84 3 3 34

54

13 3

10 22 0 33A 1 44 2 55B 3 66C 4 77 5 88 6 99D 710 8 9 1 ? 0 1 ? 1 2 3 8 4 5 6 7 ? 8 1 9 10

1

0

10

1310 1411 3 3143 53 3 413 3 3 5

1 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 5 9 2 0 3 1 A4 2 5 3 B6 4 C7 5 8 6 9 7 D 10 8 2 3 4A 5 6B A7C 8 B9 C 10D

b What is the mixed1 numeral for the position X? 1 0

X

8C

1 0 0 0 1 18 8 What is the missing fraction on this number Write your answer in00 the11boxes. 1 0 8 8 8 1 0 8

1 c Put an X on this number

10 7 11 8 2 X3113 3 3 310 3 3 4

4 15 2 7 4 83 5 3 10 3 11 033 X3 33 322 133 3A 33 23 A B3 C

2 3

00 11 5 Let’s go over your work!

a

4

74 85 2 17 3 83 3 3 3 3 3

4

might be4located. 2

3

4

5

Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5–6 1 1 X 5 2 Excel Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5-6

23

0


17/10/2016 9:42 PM

X

UNIT

24

Adding fractions 5

A proper fraction is a fraction that has a numerator less than the denominator, e.g. 7. Proper fractions are all less than one whole. A tip to help you! When adding fractions with the same denominator simply add the numerators. 7 9 16 The denominator does not change, e.g. 20 + 20 = 20 (9 + 7 = 16). 3

4

1 This line is broken up into 10 parts or tenths. Shade 10 and then shade another 10 . How many tenths are shaded?

10

You can see that 3 tenths + 4 tenths = 7 tenths. 2 This line is broken up into eight parts or eighths. 1 5 Shade 8 and then shade another 8 . How many eighths are shaded? 3 Fill in the boxes to show exercise 2 above as an addition of fractions.

8

4 Solve this addition of fractions problem. 2 5 9+9=

+ = 5 Let’s go over your work!

a This line is broken up into 10 parts or tenths. 1 7 Shade 10 and then shade another 10 . How many tenths are shaded?

You can see that

tenths +

tenths =

5

10

tenths.

5

b Shade 12 of this line and then shade another 12 . What fraction of the line is shaded?

5

(Note: this could be renamed as 6.)

c Fill in the boxes to show exercise b above as an addition of fractions. + e Aziza shaded

2 5

d Solve this addition of fractions problem. 2 3 + = 7 7

=

3

of this whole line. She then shaded another 5 of the line.

Another name for this fraction is


What fraction of her line is shaded? .


☞

Answers on page A3



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

25

More on adding fractions

An improper fraction is a fraction that has a numerator greater than the denominator, 7 e.g. 5 . Improper fractions can be converted to mixed numerals, e.g. 7 = 1 2 . 5

5

A tip to help you! When adding fractions with the same

+ = denominator simply add the numerators. 3 2 5 The denominator does not change, e.g. 8 + 8 = 8 (3 + 2 = 5). If the numerator is greater than the denominator you change the fraction into a mixed numeral.

1 This number line which starts at one is broken up into quarters. 3 3 Shade 4 and then shade another 4 . How many quarters are shaded? 1

6 4

2

3

=4

– 2

1

3 quarters + 3 quarters = 6 quarters. is greater than 1 whole. It is 14 (12 ). 1

2

3

2 Each section of this number line is broken up into five parts or fifths. 4 3 1 and then 2shade1 another 5 .3 2 How many fifths are shaded? Shade 5 3 4 Is this an improper fraction? 1 2 3 1

2

5 3

3 Fill to show exercise 2 above as an addition of fractions. 1 in the boxes 2 3 4 0 Change this answer to a mixed1numeral. + = 2 1 3 0

1

0 4 Solve this addition 07 9 of fractions problem. 10 + 10 = 0

0

1

1

As a mixed numeral: 1

1

5 Let’s go over your work! 1 0 1

2

3

a 0 Each section of this number line is broken up into three parts or thirds. 1 3 Shade 23 and 1then shade another 232. How many thirds are shaded? 1

1

2

3

2

3

4

3

You can see that thirds + thirds3= thirds. As a mixed numeral: 1 2 1 2 3 b Each section of this number line is broken up into six parts or sixths. 5 4 of this . Shade 1 2 line and then 3 shade another 4 6 6 0 1 What fraction of the line is shaded? 1 2 3 0 1 This could be renamed as: 0 1 addition of fractions. c Fill in the boxes to show exercise b above as an 0 1 Change this to a mixed numeral. +0 = 1 0 1 ☞

0

Answers on page A3 0


1

Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5–6 1

25



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

26

Subtracting fractions +

=

When the numerator is the same as the denominator it represents one whole or 1, 2 3 4 5 e.g. 2 = 1 whole or simply 1. 3 , 4 , 5 , and so on all equal 1. 1

2

3

A tip to help you! When subtracting fractions with the same

–

denominator simply find the difference between the numerators, 5 2 3 2 3 e.g. –1 1 = (5 – 2 = 3). The2denominator does not 3 change. 8

8

=

8

1 Solve. 1 1

5 3 – 2 = 8 8

2

8

3

4

3 7

1 line is broken up into 10 parts 2 or tenths. Ten-tenths = 1 (whole). 3 2 This Shade 10 . 1 2 3 4

How many tenths are unshaded? 2 3 7 3 You can see that 10 tenths – 7 tenths = 3 tenths or 1 – 10 = 10 . 3

0 1

1

10

1 2 3 0 1 3 0 This line is broken up into eight parts or eighths. Shade1 . 8

1 2 0 1 0 1 0 in 1 the boxes to show 2 31 4 Fill exercise 3 above 0 a subtraction of a fraction 1 from 1. as 0

1

5 Let’s go over your work! 1 0

3 How many eighths are unshaded? 4

1–

=

21

3

2

3 1

a Solve. 9 b Solve this subtraction 7 – = 10 10 of fractions problem. 10 2 1 3 0

1 0

2

You can see that

sevenths –

12

7 3

1

sevenths =

0

sevenths. 1

d Fill in the boxes to show exercise b above as a subtraction of fractions. 0

11 3 – 12 12 =

1

c This line is broken up into seven parts or sevenths to 3 1 2 3 4 many sevenths are unshaded? make 1 whole. Shade 7 . How 0 1

8

1–

=

1

5

e Darryl shaded 5 of this whole line. What fraction of the line 1 is unshaded? 0 0


1 Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5–6

☞

Answers on page A3



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

27

Mixed exercises with whole numbers 6

Whole numbers are sometimes written as a numerator over 1, e.g. 1 = 6 wholes or 6. A tip to help you! To change an improper fraction to a mixed number you divide the numerator 5 by the denominator, e.g. to change the improper fraction of 2 to a mixed number you divide 5 by 2. 1 5 ÷ 2 is 2 remainder 1 out of 2 or 22 . 1 Solve. 1 1 1 2 + 2 + 2 = 2 2 Solve.

2– 3 = 4

3 Solve. 2 2 3 5 + 5 + 5 = 5 4 Solve.

Now change this to a mixed numeral.

Now change this to a mixed numeral.

3– 1 = 4

5 Let’s go over your work! a Solve. Now change this to 4 7 5 a mixed numeral. 10 + 10 + 10 = 10 b Solve.

2– 1 = 10

c Solve. Now change this to 2 3 1 3 a mixed numeral. 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 8 d Solve.

3 2 1 – 10 – 10 =

Simplify the fraction. 10

5

e Phil had $25. He spent 5 of his money.

☞

How much did he have left? Write your answer on the line.

Answers on page A4



27



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

28

Decimal fractions 3

5

Decimals are a way of expressing tenths and hundredths, e.g. 10 = 0.3 and 10 = 0.5. 3 Whole numbers can be included in decimals: 7 10 = 7.3. Decimals always have a number left of the point. This can be 0 if the amount is less than one. Decimals can also be shown on number lines. 8

9

10

11

A tip to help you! A quick trick to count decimals is to ‘think’ of the decimal as a whole number, e.g. What is the next number in this sequence? 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, ? It looks like counting in the 20s (21, 23, 25). The next term will (2.7, 2.9). 2 be 27 then 4 29 with a6 decimal point 8 1 Fill in the empty boxes to complete this diagram.

1 10

0

2 What are the decimal fractions for: 9

3

4 10 ?

4 10

0.1

5 10

7 10

0.3 0.4

9 10

, 11 10 ?

7

10 100.04 ? 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.1 0.00 0.01 0.02, 0.03 0.2

0.3

1.5 2.7 0.9 11.3 6.6 3

7

, 9

,

,

9

4 If 10 + 10 + 10 = 1 10 , then 0.3 + 0.7 + 0.9 =

1 0.1

3 Rearrange these decimals from smallest to largest. Start here.

1

0.6 0.7 0.8

0.00 1

, 10 ?

2 10

,

0.2

0.3

0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.3


a Add the correct decimal for each box as indicated by the arrow. b What is the decimal for

1 9

8

1 132 ?

0.78 (Remember:

5 9 is 10

2

c Put a cross to show where 5.5 would be on this number line.

0 2

2 10

1 10

2 10

10 0.1

10

4 1

1 2

+

3 10

+21 + 10

9 10

=

0.3

1 .) 2

11

6

10 0.4

0.8

8 28

6

4 10

d Add these fractions and then change the answer into 1 a decimal. 2 4 0

11

the same 10 as

4

3

3

5 10

7 10

9 10

1

5 10

7 10 0.7

9 10

1 1

As a 0decimal. 0.3 0.4 0.1

0.6

0.8

0.6 0.7 0.8

0.00

e Rearrange these decimals from largest to smallest. 0.00

1 0.1 0.1

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0

3.3 0.7 10.9 22.2 3.5

Start here.

,

,

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0

0.2

,

0.2



0.2



0.2

0.3

,

☞

0.3

Answers on page A4

0.3 0.3

0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0 17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

29

Decimals

Decimals are a way of expressing hundredths and thousandths, 25 65 13 1 1 e.g. 0.25 is 25 hundredths or 100 or 4. 0.65 is 65 hundredths or 100 or 20 . 3.50 can be written as 3.5 or 32. 426 1 50 out of 100 is the same as 5 out of 10. Both = 2. 3.426 = 3 1000 . Decimal places begin with tenths, followed by hundredths, then thousandths. 8

9

10

11

8 9 10 11to decimals simply delete the denominator and then A tip to help you! To change hundredths

61

add a zero and a point before the numerator, e.g. = 0.61. To change thousandths to decimals 100 2 4 6 8 simply delete the denominator and then add a zero and a point before the numerator, 2 4 6 8 373 250 2 4.2504(or 54.25). 7 9 e.g. 1000 = 0.373, 4 1 = 1 1000 10 10 1 10

10 4 10

2 10

10 5 10

10 7 10

10 9 10

1

1 This is a small of a0.4number 0 0.1 part 0.3 0.6 line 0.7 showing 0.8 1 hundredths. 0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 Put an X at the point 0.06 and a dot on 0.15. 0.00 8

9

10

11

0.00

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20

6 0.07 0.08 80.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.00 20.01 0.02 0.034 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.2 of a number line showing hundredths. 0.3 0.4 a dot on 0.27. 2 This is part Put an X at the point 0.31 and 0.2

1 10

8 0.2 0

0.1

2 10

4 10

5 10

7 10

9 0.3 10

1

0.4

9 0.3 0.4 10 0.6 0.7110.8 0.3

1

0.4

0.2 3 What fraction out of 100 is 0.75? 0.200.00 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 2

4

6

8

0.3

Now simplify this fraction.

0.4

0.30 0.1 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.40 0.2

0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.40 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 1 2 9 4 5 7 11 9 8 10 1 10 10 10 10 10 10

4 Rearrange these decimals from largest to smallest. 0 0.2 1 2 3 4 0.3 3.13 0.77 10.90 22.02 3.15 0 0 0.1 1 2 3 4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 , , , Start here. 2 4 6 8, 0.7

0.80.1

0.00 0.2 your 1 2 work! 4 5 Let’s go0.7 over

5 0.4

5

0.90.2

0.4 5 7 9 0.3 1 0.8 0.9 10 10 10 10 10 10 0.00 0.20 0.01 0.21 0.02 0.22 0.03 0.23 0.04 0.24 0.05 0.25 0.06 0.26 0.07 0.27 0.08 0.28 0.09 0.29 0.10 0.30 0.11 0.31 0.12 0.32 0.13 0.33 0.14 0.34 0.15 0.35 0.16 0.36 0.17 0.37 0.18 0.38 0.19 0.39 0.20 0.40

a This 0is a0 small of a number line showing 0.1 part 0.3 0.6 0.7 1 hundredths. 1 0.4 2 0.8 3 Put an X at the point 0.07 and a dot on 0.11. 0.2 0.3 0 1 2 3 0.00 0

1

2

0.1

3

4 4 4

0.2 0.3 b What does 0.03 represent? Tick a box. 3 tenths 3 hundredths 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.8 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.20 c Put a cross to show where 2.90 would be on this number line.

5 5 0.4 0.2 5

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20

0 1 2 3 0.2 0.3 0 1 2 3 d This is 0.20 part0.21of0.22 a number line. Put an X at the point 0.79. 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.7 e Solve 0.1 a letter. 2 0 + 1.01 = ? Circle 1 A 0.2 0 B 1.2 1 2

☞

Answers on page A4 0.7


0

4 4

0.4

0.4 0.9 0.39 0.40

5 0.4 5

0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.40

0.8

0.9 3

C 2.01 3

4

4D 1.11

0.8 Basic Skills Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5–6

5 5 0.9

29



1

2

3

4

5

17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

30

Counting with fractions and decimals

A tip to help you! When counting with fractions remember to simplify when the numerator and 20

the denominator can be divided by the same number, e.g. 50 can be simplified by dividing both 2 numerator and denominator by 10 (5). Zeroes on the end of decimals of two or more places (e.g. 3.60) do not change the value of the decimal if the zero is removed (3.60 = 3.6, 2.750 = 2.75).

1 What is the next term in this sequence? Write your answer on the line. 3 4

1

1

3

, 12 , 24 , 3, 34 ,

2 What is the next term in this sequence? Write your answer on the line. 2.15, 2.45, 2.75, 3.05, 3 What is the missing term in this sequence? Write your answer on the line. 1

1

22 , 5,

, 10 , 122 , 15

4 Which decimal can replace the question mark? Write your answer in the boxes.

. 0

1

2

3

?


1

a What is the next term in this sequence? Write your answer on the line. 1

4 5

3

2

1

,15 , 25 , 35 , 4,

4

b What is the missing term in this sequence? Write your answer on the line.

A

2.4, 3.0, 3.6,

B

C

D

, 4.8, 5.4

c Mal began counting backwards by 0.5 from 10.3. What would be the fourth number he should say after 10.3? d What is the missing term in this sequence? Write your answer on the line.

1.35, 1.75, 2.15,

, 2.95, 3.35

e Bill began counting forwards from 0.3 in jumps of 0.7. What will be Bill’s fifth term after 0.3? Circle a letter. A 3.1 B 3.2 C 3.5


D 3.8


☞

Answers on page A4



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

1

Money, time, fractions and decimals

1 Justin is going for a daytime walk in an unfamiliar forest. He decides to take these items: ball, compass, balloons, water, crash hat, rake. Circle the items that are needs. 2 At the newsagent Frank buys a magazine costing $4.98. How much will the magazine cost if Frank pays with cash?

$

3 Tick the boxes to show the best way to pay the given amount. Amount

5c

10c

20c

50c

$1.00

$2.00

$5.00

$10.00

$20.00

$50.00

$12.75

4 How many hours are from 5 o’clock in the evening until 5 o’clock the next morning?

hours

5 Using an am or pm label, write the time for half past 6 in the morning. 6 In 24-hour time which number will the hour hand point to on a clock at 17:00? 7 This is the time Kerri leaves on an inter-island ferry on Sunday evening: The voyage takes 9 hours. On which day and at what time does she arrive at her destination? Fill in the boxes. Day

24-hour digital time

:

3

0 1 8 Put a cross (X) on this number line at a point to indicate 5.

0

9 : 15

2

?

3

1

9 Solve this addition of fractions problem. 1

A

10

B

10 Toni had $50. She spent 10 of her money.

2 5 9+9= C

4

D

How much did she have left? ☞

Answers on page A4



31



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

2


1 Trudy buys five Milko Bars for 96c each. She tenders a $5 note. How much change will she get?

$

2 Draw a line to join each good or service with the type of purchase it is. perfume

good

taxi fare

service

good

meat pie

good

service

dentist visit

good

service

service

3 What is $11.46 when rounded to a dollar amount?

$

4 Robert has $60 in his bank account. The bank credits the account with $5 and then Robert debits $15 from the account. How much is now in Robert’s bank account?

$

5 Chas works nightshift. He arrives home on Monday morning at this time. He had left home for work 7 hours previously. On what day and at what time did he leave for work?

11 12 1 10

2

8

4

3

9 7

6 5

6 This is the time Michael finished reading a book on 1 Saturday morning. He had been reading it for 52 hours. On what day and at what time did he start reading? Fill in the boxes. 24-hour digital time

Day

10 9 8

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 3 4

:

7 Candy began her homework after school at a quarter to 4. She finished at a quarter past 6. How much time had elapsed? 8 Rearrange these decimals from smallest to largest. 1.4 1.35 0.99 0.8 1.06 Start here. ,

,

,

,

9 What is the missing term in this sequence? Write your answer in the box. , 5.1, 5.7

2.7, 3.3, 3.9, 10 What fraction out of 10 is 0.4?


Now simplify this fraction.


☞

Answers on page A4



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

3

NAPLAN-style questions on money, time, fractions and decimals

1 A cricket bat has a price tag of $12.49. How much would it cost to purchase with a card? A $12.00 B $12.40 C $12.45

D $12.49

2 Coconut cupcakes are priced at $0.52 each at the bakery. How much would one cost if paying with cash? A $0.50 B $0.52 C $0.55

D $0.60

3 Which of these purchases is a service? A laptop B guard providing security at a bank C gas tank refill D bag of kitty litter 4 Marcia has $85 in her savings account. She withdraws $40 at an ATM. There is a $2 fee. How much money is now in her account? A $38 B $43 C $83 D $87 5 Vance arrived home from a holiday at 7:30 pm after travelling for 10 hours. When did Vance begin his return journey? A 9:30 pm B 5:30 pm C 9:30 am D 5:30 am 6 On a 24-hour clock the time is 21:00. On a standard 12-hour clock face what number will the hour hand point to at this time? A 7 B 9 C 10 D 11 7 On a 24-hour digital clock what will be the time at 4:30 pm? 4 : 30

A

B

6 : 30

C 14: 30

C

D 16 : 30

8 Solve this addition. 2+5= ? 9 9 A

3 9

B

7 9

7 18

8

D 18

7

9 Basil had to take 10 from 1. How much did he have left? A

3 10

B

6 10

6

C 9

7

D 9

1

1

10 Jess had a bag of 20 cherries. Bob took 5 of Jess’s cherries and Ben took 4 of the cherries. How many cherries did Jess have left? A 4 B 5 C 9 D 11 ☞

Answers on page A4



33



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

4


This is Paul’s post office receipt.

AUSTRALIA POST Port Douglas

4877

COPY DUPLICATE RECEIPT

1 How much GST did Paul pay? A 30c B $1.20 C $3.30 D $3.60

Tough Bag TB 1 Postcard 2

$1.20 * $2.10 *

TOTAL

$3.30 *

Payment Tendered Details Cash

2 How did Paul pay for his purchase? A cash to get change B exact cash C card D cheque

3.30 *

* LPO Supplied, price includes GST GST on LPO Taxable Supply $0.30 * ABN: 81 059 668 487

TAX INVOICE

3 Marcia’s income each week is $37. One week she has bills of $53. How much is she in debt for? A $16 B $37 C $53 D $90 4 Jim, Lex, Matt and Sue tried to estimate the cost of these purchases from a butcher: sausages $4.36 duck $11.20 pork $18.09 bacon $12.43 Who had the best quick estimate? A Jim $45.00

B Lex $46.57

C Matt $49.50 D Sue $50.00

5 What will be the time 10 hours before 4 am on Sunday? A 2 o’clock Monday morning B 2 o’clock Saturday morning C 6 o’clock Saturday evening D 6 o’clock Sunday morning 0

1

2

?

6 If a movie starts at 3:10 and finishes at 5:40, what is the elapsed time? A 1 h 30 min B 2 h 30 min C 2 h 40 min D 3 h 30 min 7 New Zealand is 2 hours ahead of Victoria. 0 1 When it was sunset at 5:41 in Victoria, what time was it in New Zealand? A 1:41 B 2.41 C 3:41 D 7:41 8 Where would 2.2 be located on this number line? 1

4

A

B

C 3

2

4

D 1

3

9 What is the next term in this sequence? 5, 1, 15, 15, 25, 25, ? 4

A 25

B 3

10 Solve. 2.1 + 1.02 + 0.2 = ? Circle a letter. A 2.22 B 3.23 34 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4

1

2

C 35

D 35

C 3.32

D 3.33


☞

Answers on page A4



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

3

YEAR 6

UNIT

31

Introduction to percentages

Percentages play an important part in problems associated with money. A percentage is a number out of 100. The symbol is %. Percentages, decimals and fractions are all related. 0% 0

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1 10

0

2 10

3 10

4 10

1 2

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

A tip to help you! To convert a decimal to a percentage you move the decimal point two places Fraction to the right and add a per cent (%) sign. 1If you1 need to,2 add5 a zero to7 get 4the second decimal 3 3 9 0 1 place, e.g. 0.25 = 25%, 0.3 = 30%. 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 Decimal 1 What is the equivalent percentage decimals? 0 0.1for these 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Percentage 0.7

0.2

0%

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1.0

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

2 What is the equivalent percentage for these fractions? 3 10

8 10

9 10

1 whole

$10

$50

3 Find 50% of these amounts. 12

60


90

0%

0 $80

5 Let’s go over your work! Use this table to complete this section. The fractions have been simplified.

0

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 $200 1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

1 2

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

0

1 10

1 5

3 10

2 5

5 10

3 5

7 10

4 5

9 10

1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

Fraction Decimal Percentage 0%

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

a What is the equivalent percentage for these decimals? 0.75 0.50 0.25

2.0

b What is the equivalent percentage for these fractions? 1 1 4 13 5 5 100 2 c Find 20% of these amounts. 30

☞

90

$80

d Find 40% of these amounts. 100 20

$10

e Find 25% of these amounts. 80 16

$100

Answers on page A4


$200 $100 $10


35



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UNIT

32

Common discounts 0% 0

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 Goods are often reduced by amount a fraction of their original price. The 10 10 in price 10 10 a percentage 10 10 10 10 or 10 1 3 1 2 price reduction is called a discount. Common discounts include: 25% (4 ), 75% (4 ), 33.3% (3 ), 66.7% (3 ). 0% 0.0

33.3%

66.7%

100% 1.0

0% 0.0

25% 0.25

50% 0.5

75% 0.75

100% 1.0

0

1 3

2 3

1

0

1 4

1 2

3 4

1

3

1

A tip to help you! When finding 75% of a price (4 of the price) find 4 of the amount then multiply by 3, 0%1 10% 20% 330% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% e.g. to find 75% of $16, first find 4 of $16 = $4. 4 of $16 = 3  $4 = $12. 0

1

2

3

4

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

0

1 10

1 5

3 10

2 5

1 2

3 5

7 10

4 5

9 10

1

10 10 10 1 What is 50% of these numbers and10 amounts?

(equivalent fractions)

150

36

$44

$162

50% half off price

2 What is 25% of these numbers and amounts? 160 20% 30% 40% $60 $140 0% 10% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

48

1 numbers 2 3 and4 amounts? 5 6 3 What is 33.3% 0of these 10

1 30 (equivalent 0 120 10

fractions)

10

10

10

10

10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

1 5

3 10

2 5

1 $36 2

3 5

7 10

45 $90109

1

4 Nicole has the choice of a $12 cap with a 25% discount or a $15 pair of sunglasses reduced by 33.3%. cap Which item has the larger cash discount? Tick a box.

sunglasses

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is 75% of these numbers and amounts? 48

160

$60

$200

b What is 66.7% of these numbers and amounts? 30

120

$90

c A scooter originally cost $84. When Steve went to buy it he saw the scooter had this tag. What will Steve pay for the scooter?

$150

25%

DISCOUNT

$

WAREHOUSE d At a warehouse sale microwave ovens were reduced by 75%. How much was the discount on a microwave oven which had a Sale % pre-sale price of $72? 75off A $18 B $25 C $36 D $54 e A $40 Christmas hamper was reduced at a sale by 25%. What was the sale price? A $10 B $15 C $30 D $36



☞

Answers on page A5



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

33

Discounts in 10% units

Goods are often reduced in price by a percentage amount or a fraction of their original price. These price reductions are called discounts. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Discounts in increments of 10% are common, 1 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 e.g. 10% ( 10 ), 20% ( 10 or 5 ). 0 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 2

100% 1.0 1

1

A tip to help you! When finding 20% of a price ( 10 of the0%price)33.3% find 10 66.7% of the amount then 100% 0% multiply 25% 50% 0.0 0.25 1.0 1 2 by 2, e.g. find 20% of $30 by first finding 10 of $30 = $3. 10 of $30 = 2 x $3 = $6. (Of course, you may 1 2 1 0 1 0 2 1 3 4 have remembered that 10 is also 5 and so to find 20% you can just3 divide by 5.) 0.0

1 What is 10% of these numbers and amounts? 70

250

$40

0%

0.5

75% 0.75

100% 1.0

1 2

3 4

1

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

0

$1700

(equivalent fractions)

1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

1 10

1 5

3 10

2 5

1 2

3 5

7 10

4 5

9 10

1


10

$50

$200 0%


150

$60

0

(equivalent 0 fractions)

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

1

1 5

3 10

2 5

1 2

3 5

7 10

4 5

9 10

1

10 $120

4 Mr Appleby will get a 10% discount when he pays a repair bill of $90 with cash. How much will he pay for the repairs?

$

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is 20% of these numbers and amounts? 45

100

$150

$500

b What is 40% of these numbers and amounts? 50

100

$80

c A textbook had an original price tag of $30. Jessie has a coupon that gives her a 10% discount. What will Jessie pay for the book?

$150 BOOK SALE

$

d The deposit on a family holiday is 10% of the full price, which works out to be $300. What is the full cost of the holiday? A $600 B $1000 C $2700 D $3000 e Dad paid 40% of the family power bill of $80. How much does he still owe? A $32 B $40 C $48 D $58 ☞

Answers on page A5



37



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

34

Parts of whole dollar amounts

A discounted price or a percentage fee is not always in ‘round’ dollar amounts. Cents may be part of the price or fee, e.g. 50% (or half) of $15 is $7.50. 1

A tip to help you! When finding 50% of a price (2 of the price) that is an odd number of dollars 1

your answer will include 50c, e.g. 50% (or 2) of $29 is $29 divided by 2 = $14.50.

1 What is 50% of these amounts? $5

$25

$31

$63

$101


$25

$11

$33

$6

$2

$85


$10

4 Mrs Biggs will get a 10% discount on her bill of $18 with her Seniors Card. How much will her discount be?

$

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is 50% of these amounts? $4.50

$41

$17.00

$2.30

$7.00

b What is 10% of these numbers and amounts? $19

$33

$45

$15.00

$3.00

c A club concert had a $13 entry ticket. Merle is a club member and gets a 10% discount. What will Merle pay for her ticket?

$

d The deposit on canoe hire is 50% of $21. How much is left to pay? A $0.21 B $2.10 C $10.21 D $10.50 e A cinema had a $16 entry ticket except on Mondays when there is a 10% discount. What will the Monday ticket cost? A $1.60 B $14.40 C $14.60 38 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4

deposit

D $15.00


☞

Answers on page A5



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0

1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

0% 0.0 0

33.3%

66.7%

100% 1.0

0% 0.0

25% 0.25

50% 0.5

75% 0.75

100% 1.0

2 3

1

0

1 4

1 2

3 4

1

UNIT 1 3

35

0%

More on parts of whole dollar amounts 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

0

1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

(equivalent fractions) 0

1 10

1 5

3 10

2 5

1 2

3 5

7 10

4 5

9 10

1

Discounted prices are often in increments of 10% or tenths. 0%

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

0

1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1


1 10

1 5

3 10

2 5

1 2

3 5

7 10

4 5

9 10

1

A tip to help you! When finding 10% of a dollar amount, simply move the cent point one place to the left, e.g. 10% of $17.00 = $1.70; 10% of $42.00 = $4.20 (ignore the second zero). When finding 30% of a dollar amount, first find 10% then multiply by 3, e.g. 10% of $12.00 = $1.20. To get 30% multiply $1.20  3 = $3.60. So 30% of $12.00 = $3.60.

1 What is 10% of these amounts? $5.00

$25.00

$30.00

$22.00

2 What is 20% of these amounts? (A tip to help you! Use the equivalent fraction.) $1.00

$2.00

$8.00

$33


$12

$18

$22

4 Ms Short will get a 20% discount on her power bill of $56 with her Seniors Card. How much will her discount be?

CARD

$


$41.00

$17.00

$2.30

$9.00

$15.00

$3

b What is 10% of these amounts? $19

$33

$45.70

c A cricket match has a $24 entry ticket. Children get a 20% discount. What discount is on a child’s ticket? d How much is 40% of $25? A $2.50 B $4.00

C $10.00

$

D $15.00

e An ice rink has a $15 entry ticket except on Mondays when there is a 30% discount. Hassan and Raj go on a Monday. What will be the total cost of their tickets? A $21.00 B $9.00 C $4.50 D $3.00 ☞

Answers on page A5



39



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

0% 0

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

0

1 2 UNIT 10 10

0% 0.0

36

0

3 10

4 10

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1

More on parts of whole dollar amounts

33.3%

66.7%

100% 1.0

0% 0.0

25% 0.25

50% 0.5

75% 0.75

100% 1.0

2 3

1

0

1 4

1 2

3 4

1

1 3

0%

0%

A tip to help you! When finding multiples of 10% of a dollar amount first find 10% then 1 multiply by the first number of the percentage, 1 e.g. 10% of $12.00 = $1.20. To get 70% multiply $1.20  7 = $8.40. 70% of $12.00 = $8.40. If a fraction can be simplified to a unitary fraction use the simplified fraction for 2 1 calculations, e.g. 20% = 10 or 5. The answers will be the same.

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Discounted prices are often in increments of 10% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 finding or tenths. When 10 10 70% 10 of 10 a dollar 10 10 amount 10 10 1multiply 1 3 by 27, e.g. 1 3 7 4 first findfractions) 10% then 0 (equivalent 10 5 10 5 2 5 10 5 10% of $15.00 = $1.50. To get 70% multiply $1.50  7 = $10.50. So 70% of $15.00 = $10.50.

9 10 9 10

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

0

1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

5 10

6 10

7 10

8 10

9 10

1


1 10

1 5

3 10

2 5

1 2

3 5

7 10

4 5

9 10

1


$24.50

$55.90

$122.00


$2.00

$8.50

$3.30


$12.00

$18.50

$44.90

4 Matt got a 90% discount on a water-damaged item which originally cost $28.50. How much will he pay?

$


$7.00

$10.10

$102.30

$50.00

$15.00

$1.40

b What is 40% of these amounts?

$17.00

$3.35

$65.00

c A $125 cupboard is discounted for a Saturday sale by 30%. How much can a shopper save by making a purchase at the Saturday sale?

$

d At a closing-down sale a lampshade has a price tag of $19. It is reduced by 90%. How much will a shopper pay for the lampshade?

90

$

e Which is the greater amount? Tick a box. 30% of $40 or 40% of $30 or

Both are the same.



☞

Answers on page A5



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

37

Qty 500

Description of supply Window frames GST

Goods and services tax (GST)

Value $15.00 $1.50

TOTAL PRICE INCLUDING GST

Customers or buyers of goods and services are often called Qty Description Value consumers. Some purchases can be both a good and a service, such as a home-delivered pizza. 500 Window frames $15.00 On most goods and services that are sold the government adds GST $1.50 1 a tax. It is called GST. GST is a tax of 10% ( 10 ) on the supply of TOTAL PRICE INCLUDING GST most goods and services consumed in Australia. It is sometimes called a sales tax. A typical receipt or docket may look like the one shown here.

Total $7,500 $750 $8,250

Total $7,500 $750 $8,250

A tip to help you! Dockets (also called receipts) should show the item cost and GST as separate amounts. The total owing is the item’s cost plus GST. If you know the total price of an item you can find the amount of GST by dividing by 11. 1 Here are some things customers buy. Underline those that can be classified as goods. Circle those that are services. taxi fares spaghetti school fees comb bike repairs hair dye oil 2 Jim has grown some pot plants he wants to sell in the local market for $8 each. He must charge 10% GST. What will he sell them for?

$

3 A shopkeeper has purchased scarves which she intends to sell for $22 each. What will the GST be on each scarf?

$

4 A docket shows the sale price of a certain item before GST is $15. What will the GST be on that item?

$

5 Let’s go over your work! a Here are some things customers buy. Underline those that can be classified as goods. Circle those that are services. textbooks envelope sports coaching thermometer kitten parking fee pills b What GST should Barry add to a painting contract that he has valued at $120?

$

c A docket shows the sale price of a certain item before GST as $24. What will the GST be on that item?

$

d A docket shows the sale price of a takeaway meal before GST as $13.50. What was the GST on that purchase? A $1.35 B $1.50 C $2.70 D $3.50 e When Kerrie looked at her receipt it showed a total of $22 which included GST. How much GST did she pay? ☞

Answers on page A5



$ 41



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

38

Interest

Interest is the money paid regularly for the use of money lent, usually by a financial institution (such as a bank). A financial institution may also pay interest on money deposited into a savings account. A tip to help you! If you borrow money you take it from another person or institution with the intention of repaying it. This is called a loan and may require the payment of a fee or interest. 1 The interest on a loan from Porcine Bank was set at 10% per annum (per year). John borrowed $200. How much interest will he pay on his loan for a year? B $2.00 C $10.00 D $20.00 A $0.20 2 The interest on a loan from a credit union was set at 10% per annum. Mr Graham borrowed $55 for a year. How much does Mr Graham have to repay?

$

3 The interest on a loan from a money lender was set at 20% per annum. Emily borrowed $1000 for a year. How much does she owe the money lender? A $1200.00 B $1020.00 C $1002.00 D $200.00 4 A used car dealer provides loans for customers at 40% per annum. Jasper decides to buy a car with a price tag of $1500. He accepts a loan from the car dealer for a year. How much will the car actually cost Jasper?

$

5 Let’s go over your work! a Jo deposits $50 into a savings account. The bank pays interest on the money at 10% for a year. How much will Jo have in her account at the end of a year?

$

b Les deposits $500 into a savings account. The bank pays interest on the loan at 5% for a year. How much will Les have in his account at the end of a year?

$

c The bank offers interest of 25% on deposits over $1000 for one year. Eva deposits $1600. How much interest will Eva get after a year? A $400.00 B $320.00 C $250.00 D $25.00 d An apprentice deposits $1600 into a savings account. The bank pays 5% interest on the account every year. How much will the apprentice have in her account by the end of a year?



AN

C

A used car dealer provides loans for customers at 40% per annum. R LOAN A Jasper decides to buy a car with a price tag of $1500. He arranges a bank loan at 20% per annum. AR LO If he borrows the money for a year, how much does Jasper save by taking the bank loan rather than a loan from the car dealer? $ C

e

$

☞

Answers on page A5



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

39

Fees and commissions

A fee is an amount paid to a person or an institution for a service. In financial transactions it is often a percentage of the amount of money involved. People such as real estate agents or sales representatives charge a type of fee called a commission for their services. This is usually calculated as a percentage of the value of the total transaction. A tip to help you! To find the percentage charged after a fee has been added to a payment due, write the fee as a fraction of the total amount, e.g. on an invoice for $110, when the fee is $10, 10 you can work out that the value of the goods is $100 ($110 – $10) and so the fee is . This simplifies 100 1 25 1 to 10 which is 10%. A percentage is a fraction out of 100. 25% = = or 0.25. 100

1 A real estate agent charged a fee of 5% for selling a block of land for $20 000. How much did the landowner receive?

4

land

for sale

$

2 An auctioneer charged a fee of 10% for selling a prize horse for $2500. How much did the owner receive?

$

3 The Grab Bank charges a fee of 1% for foreign money exchanges. How much will it cost the Frank family to change $250 into foreign currency?

$

4 A fee of $12 was charged on an overdue internet bill of $120. What was the fee charged as a percentage? A 5% B 10% C 12%

D 20%

5 Let’s go over your work! a b c d

A property manager charges a commission of 5% of the rent on units he manages. The rent on Mr Hilton’s unit is $400 a week. $ How much does Mr Hilton receive each week? A commission of 10% is paid to a salesperson for each car sold over $12 000. One week a young salesperson sells two cars worth a total of $32 000. $ How much commission did he earn that week? The fee for the late payment of a bill was 20% of the amount owing. If the original bill was for $60, how much had to be paid when the $ late fee was included? A fee of $15 was charged on an overdue phone bill of $60. What was the fee charged as a percentage of the bill? B 15% C 25% D 30% A 5% e A fee of $30 was charged by a car hire company to return a car to its branch depot. The actual car hire cost was $120 before the fee. What was the fee charged as a percentage of the hire cost? A 10% B 12% C 25% D 30%

☞

Answers on page A5



43



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

40

Special deals

A promotion is a way of advertising a product in a store to increase sales of that product. RRP stands for Recommended Retail Price. It is the price the manufacturer suggests to the shop owner that the item be sold for. A tip to help you! To convert a percentage to a fraction first turn the number (percentage) to a 35 fraction over 10 or 100, then simplify the fraction, e.g. 35% = 100 . Divide the numerator and 35 7 denominator by 5: = . 100

20

1 Sunglasses have a RRP of $28. They go on sale with a $2.80 discount. What is the discount as a percentage?

%

2 Koko Jubes are a new product at the supermarket retailing for $4 a packet. Buy one packet and get the second at half-price. What percentage saving do you get when purchasing two packets of Koko Jubes? B 25% C 30% D 50% A 20% 3 T-shirts are $12 each. At an end-of-summer sale you will receive a discount of 25% if you buy three. What will three T-shirts cost? 4 Milko Bars are having a special promotion. If you buy one for $2 you get a second one free. What percentage saving do you get on two Milko Bars? A 2% B 10% C 25%

$ BUY ONE GET ONE FREE

D 50%

5 Let’s go over your work! a Shoes have a RRP of $48. They go on sale for $36. What is the discount as a percentage?

%

b Water-damaged stock is selling for 90% off the original price. If the original price of an item was $45, what is the sale price?

$

c The cost of a meal in a restaurant is $27.50. Diners often leave a 10% tip. How much would a tip be?

$

d A family dinner cost Mr Evans $88. He left a cash tip of 10%. Mr Evans rounded the tip to the nearest dollar. How much did he leave as a tip?

$

e In January diaries are on special promotion. Buy one for $4 and you get a second one free. What percentage saving do you get on two diaries? A 10% B 25% C 50% D 100% 44 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


☞




17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

41

Vertical timetables

A timetable is a plan of things that need to be done and the times at which they will be done. It can be a list of the times when a service such as a bus is expected to arrive or depart. A tip to help you! Make sure you understand the difference between start times and finish times. This is a vertical timetable for a school day.

Monday’s Schedule

1 At what time does recess finish?

8:15 am 9:00 am 9:45 am

2 How long is the Science lesson on Monday?

10:30 am 11:15 am

3 Which is (are) the longest lesson(s)?

12:00 pm 12:45 pm

4 Henry has to arrive at school half an hour before lessons begin. When should Henry be at school?

1:30 pm 2:30 pm 3:30 pm

10 9 8

7

10 9 8

11

8

7

11

8

10 9

7

12

6

12

6

12

6

12

6

1

5

1

5

1

5

1

5

11 12 1

8

10 9 8

10 9 8

10 9 8

10 9 8

10 9 8

11

7

10 9

10 9

11

7

11

7

11

7

6

12

6

12

6

5

1

5

1

5

12 1 11

7

11

7

11

7

6

5

12 1

6

12

6

5

1

5

3

Reading

3

Maths

3

Writing

3

Recess

3

Literacy

3

Lunch

3

Music

3

Science

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 4

2 4

3

Sport

3

Final bell

2 4

2 4

5 Let’s go over your work! a At what time does the Music lesson finish? b How long is recess? c Meg had to go home early. She missed the last lesson. At what time did she leave school? d Rob was 15 minutes late for the first lesson. When did Rob arrive in class? e How long is the school day? A 7 h 15 min B 7 h 45 min ☞

Answers on page A6


C 8 h 15 min

D 10 h 30 min


45



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

42

Weekly timetables

A class timetable is a weekly timetable for coordinating three elements: students, teachers (sometimes) and periods. Read across as well as down. A tip to help you! There can be more than one particular subject lesson (period) each week. Work down each day and keep a total. Start times

YEAR 6

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

9:00

1st lesson

Maths

History

Maths

Creative Thinking

Maths

10:00

2nd lesson

Science

Creative Thinking

PE

Science

English

11:00

3rd lesson

Creative Thinking

PE

Art/Craft

PE

History

12:00

4th lesson

Religion

Maths

English

English

Maths

1:00

LUNCH

1:45

5th lesson

English

Chinese

Chinese

History

Religion

2:45

6th lesson

French

English

Science

Maths

Chinese

3:45

7th lesson

PE

Science

Drama

Chinese

Assembly

4:45

CLOSE

1 How many Chinese lessons are there each week? 2 What is the first lesson on Tuesday? 3 How long is allocated for the assembly? 4 On which day is the last Religion lesson? 5 Let’s go over your work! a How many assemblies are held each week? b What is the fifth lesson on Friday? c When is lunchtime each day? and between d On which day is the last History period? e Which foreign language has the least number of periods? 46 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


☞

Answers on page A6



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

43

Weekly homework timetables

Most teachers will tell you study and homework need to be scheduled in an organised timetable. Most homework timetables include a time for revision. A tip to help you! To add periods of time greater

Step 3 Add the hours, including the hour or hours involved in Step 2, e.g.

Step 1 Add the minutes. If the total is less than 60 (1 hour), add the hours.

Total =

than 1 hour do it in steps.

Step 2 If the total number of minutes is greater than 60, convert this number to hours and minutes.

2 h 44 min + 1 h 30 min 3 h 74 min (= 1 h 14 min) 4 h 14 min

This is Briony’s afterschool study timetable for the week beginning 4 February. She works in hourly slots. W/B 4 Feb

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

4:00 pm

Homework

Homework

Homework

Homework

Athletics

5:00 pm

Mathematics

English

French

Science

History

6:00 pm

Eat/Leisure

Eat/Leisure

Eat/Leisure

Eat/Leisure

Eat/Leisure

7:00 pm

Science

History

Mathematics

English

Geography

8:00 pm

Free time

Geography

Free time

French

Free time

1 How many times has Briony planned to do English homework in the week commencing 4 February? 2 When has Briony planned to go to Athletics? 3 How many hours does Briony intend to devote to Time studying Mathematics? Day 4 At what time does Briony intend to stop studying on Tuesday? 5 Let’s go over your work! a b c

How many times has Briony planned to do French homework in the week commencing 4 February? When is the first time in the week that Briony plans to work on Science? day At what time does Briony intend to finish her studies on Wednesday? d Between which times does Briony have her evening meal? between

time

and

e What subject or activity will Briony be doing between 8 pm and 9 pm on Friday? B Evening meal C Science D Homework A Free time ☞

Answers on page A6



47



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UNIT

44

Weekly school timetables

A tip to help you! To find out how long before and after the hour in minutes use two steps. Step 1 Work out how long up until the hour in minutes. Step 2 Add the minutes after the hour, e.g. How long is it from 1:20 to 2:15?

1:20 to 2:00 = 40 minutes 2:00 to 2:15 = 15 minutes 40 minutes + 15 minutes = 55 minutes

This is a blank timetable for student use. It is often called a template. Clancy has to add information to her timetable. Time

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

School arrival time 8:45–9:15 9:15–10:05 10:05–10:55 10:55–11:20

RECESS

11:20–12:10 12:10–12:50 LUNCH 1:30–2:20 2:20–3:00 3:00–3:10 3:10

BUS LINES

1 Clancy has Reading at 10:05 on Wednesday. Write that on the timetable. 2 How long is recess?

3 At what time will Clancy have lunch? between and

4 Clancy goes to an assembly in the first period on Friday. Write that on the timetable. 5 Let’s go over your work! a c d

Clancy has a double Art lesson between recess b Clancy has Science just after recess on and lunch on Thursday. Add that to the timetable. Wednesday. Add that to the timetable. How long is the first period after lunch? Wednesday afternoon is the time for interschool sport. Highlight that section on the timetable. e Ten minutes is set aside for school and class announcements. and When will that be? between 48 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


☞

Answers on page A6



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

45

Weekly timetables: 24-hour time 1200

1100

A tip to help you! Need to revise 24-hour time? Check out Unit 13 Understanding 24-hour time on page 13. Time expressed in ‘hundred hours’ is often called military time. Military time is a way of representing time sequentially using 24 hours, counting from 0001 (12:01 am) to 2400 (12 midnight). It is also called universal time.

11

1000 0900

12

0100

1

9 Civilian clock

0800

AM

8 7 0700

0200

2

10

6 0600

3 4

5

0300

0400

0500

Military time

Richard is in high school. This is Richard’s timetable for Monday. 1 What is 13:30 in analog time?

2 Which is the shortest timetabled slot for a subject?

3 How many classroom subject lessons are on the Monday timetable?

4 Richard catches a bus an hour after the IT lesson finishes. What time does Richard catch his bus? A 4 hundred hours B 3 pm C 6 o’clock D 1600 hours

Time

Monday

07:15–07:30 07:30–08:15

Interclass club groups

08:15–09:00

PE

09:00–09:30

Science

09:30–09:45

Break

09:45–10:30

Maths

10:30–11:15

Indonesian Literacy

11:15–12:00

Indonesian Literacy

12:00–12:45

Lunch

12:45–13:30

English Literacy

13:30–14:15

Career Information Session

14:15–15:00

IT

5 Let’s go over your work! a What is the total duration of the school day? b What is 14:15 in analog time? c Richard spent an hour in the library after school before going home. Which of the following was the time Richard left for his home? B 6 pm C 4 am D 4 o’clock A 1400 hours d What is the duration of the Indonesian Literacy session? e How much time does Richard spend being involved in classroom subject lessons on a Monday? ☞

Answers on page A6



49



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UNIT

46

Train timetables

A tip to help you! To find the difference in times if the times are in the same hour, subtract the time with the lesseer number of minutes from the time with the greater minutes, e.g. to work out the difference between 1:18 and 1:52 subtract. 52 – 18 = 34 min. This is the 1:14 pm Newcastle to Telarah and return weekend train timetable. 1 How long does it take the 1:14 train to go from Newcastle to Telarah? 2 The return trip from Telarah to Newcastle is longer than the trip from Newcastle to Telarah. Is this true or false? True False Tick a box. 3 What is the duration of the return trip from Maitland to Hexham? 4 Which of the following sections of the trip has the longest duration? A Newcastle to Civic B East Maitland to Victoria Street C Maitland to High Street D Metford to Thornton 5 Let’s go over your work! a How long does it take the train to go from Telarah to Metford?

b How long is the wait in Telarah before the train begins the return journey?

c What is 2:49 on the timetable in 24-hour time? d Lisa and Jessica get on the train from Newcastle at Tarro. Lisa gets off at Victoria Street but Jessica goes onto Maitland. How much longer will Jessica be on the train? A 5 min B 7 min C 49 min D 56 min e Jac has to make a short visit to Sandgate on the 1:14 train. If he wishes to catch the return train, how long does he have in Sandgate? Source: www.sydneytrains.info/news/2008/080403-timetable



Station Newcastle Civic Wickham Hamilton Waratah Warabrook Sandgate Hexham Tarro Beresfield Thornton Metford Victoria Street East Maitland High Street Maitland Telarah

PM 1.14 1.16 1.18 1.21 1.24 1.27 1.30 1.34 1.38 1.40 1.43 1.46 1.49 1.51 1.54 1.56 1.59

Station Telarah Maitland High Street East Maitland Victoria Street Metford Thornton Beresfield Tarro Hexham Sandgate Warabrook Waratah Hamilton Wickham Civic Newcastle

PM 2.04 2.08 2.10 2.13 2.14 2.17 2.21 2.23 2.26 2.29 2.33 2.36 2.39 2.43 2.45 2.47 2.49

☞

Answers on page A6



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

47

Overnight timetables

A tip to help you! To work out the length of time before and after midnight (or midday) first work out how long to midnight and then add the am time, e.g. to work out the time between 9:30 pm and 1:15 am first work out how long from 9.30 to midnight: 2 h 30 min. Then add the 1 h 15 min after midnight. So 2 h 30 min + 1 h 15 min = 3 h 45 min. The Spirit of Queensland rail service runs 1700 km from Brisbane to Cairns. 1 Where is the Spirit of Queensland on Monday at 10:10 pm? 2 How long does the Spirit take to go from Nambour to Mt Larcom? 3 For how long does the Spirit stop at Rockhampton? 4 Mr Fellows has to be at the Roma St station (Brisbane) 30 minutes before the train leaves. When should Mr Fellows plan to be at the Roma St station?

Spirit of Qld

Departing: Mon., Tue., Wed., Fri. & Sat. Brisbane (Roma St)

3.45 pm

Caboolture

4.40 pm

Nambour

5.36 pm

Cooroy

5.57 pm

Gympie North

6.31 pm

Maryborough West

7.33 pm

Bundaberg

8.26 pm

Miriam Vale

9.29 pm

Gladstone

10.10 pm

Mt Larcom

10.36 pm

Rockhampton arrive

11.31 pm

Rockhampton

11.41 pm

Departing: Tue., Wed., Thu., Sat. & Sun. St Lawrence

2.03 am

Carmila

2.40 am

Sarina

3.33 am

Mackay arrive

4.04 am

Mackay

4.24 am

Proserpine arrive

5.52 am

Proserpine

6.02 am

Bowen

6.42 am

Home Hill

7.48 am

Ayr

8.02 am

Giru

8.27 am

c At what time does the Spirit depart Proserpine?

Townsville arrive

9.02 am

Townsville

9.12 am

d Aaron joins the train at Ingham and disembarks at Tully. How long was Aaron on the train?

Ingham

10.52 am

Cardwell

11.55 am

Tully

12.54 pm

e Between which two towns will the Spirit be at midnight on a Wednesday?

Innisfail

1.50 pm

Babinda

2.23 pm

Gordonvale

3.21 pm

Cairns arrive

4.05 pm

5 Let’s go over your work! a Where is the Spirit of Queensland on Tuesday at 10:52 am? b How long does the Spirit take to go from Gladstone to Carmila?

Source: www.queenslandrailtravel.com.au

☞

Northbound

Answers on page A6


and

Arriving Tue., Wed., Thu., Sat. & Sun.


51



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UNIT

48

11 23 10 22

Time zones

12

1

00

13

142

9 21

15 3

8 20

19

7

Each new day starts at midnight and lasts for 24 hours. Look at this 24-hour clock. There is no 24:00. Midnight is 00:00, the start of a new day. The Earth rotates so that different places have different time zones. The world is divided into 24 time zones. Australia has three time zones during winter: Eastern Zone, Central Zone and Western Zone. Many airlines have timetables that cross time zones.

11 23 10 22

16 4

17

5

18

6

12

1

00

13

142

9 21

15 3

8 20

19

7

17

16 4

5

18

6

A tip to help you! Revise time zones by reading Unit 19 Time zones on page 19. 1 In summer Perth is 3 hours behind Melbourne. The clock shows the morning time in Perth. What is the time in Melbourne? B 8 pm C 2 am A 8 am

10 9 8

D 2 pm

11 12 1

7 6 5

2 In summer Sydney is 3 hours ahead of Perth. When it is 4:30 pm in Sydney, what is the 24-hour time in Perth?

:

3 Brisbane is 2 hours behind Auckland in New Zealand. When it is 3:30 in Auckland, what is the time in Brisbane?

:

2 3 4

4 In summer Sydney is 3 hours ahead of Perth. Using military time (hundreds) when it is 1630 in Perth, what is the time in Sydney? 5 Let’s go over your work! a New Zealand is 2 hours ahead of Tasmania. Sunrise was at 6:11 in Tasmania. What time was that in New Zealand? b

:

Paris is 10 hours behind Melbourne. If it is 2 pm on Friday in Melbourne, work out the time in Paris. Using 24-hour time, what time will a digital clock show? What day will it be?

:

c In summer Sydney is 3 hours ahead of Perth. When it is 2 am Sunday in Sydney, what is the 24-hour time in Perth? Which day is it? d South Australia is half an hour behind NSW. If it is 1345 hours in South Australia, what is the time in NSW?

hours

e In summer Sydney is 3 hours ahead of Perth. A fighter jet left Sydney at 10:00 pm and took 3 hours to fly to Perth. At what time did it arrive? Give your answer in digital time. 52 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


:

: ☞




17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

49

Suburban bus timetables

A tip to help you! To find the difference between two times subtract the earlier time from the later time if they are both either am or pm times. Work out the minutes first, e.g. the difference between 1:18 and 3:52 can be found by subtracting: 3:52 – 1:18 = 2 h 34 min. This is the Sunday and Public Holiday bus timetable from Darwin City Interchange to Palmerston Interchange on Bus Route 8. An interchange is a place where passengers may connect with other services. Darwin Travel time am

pm

City shops

3 min 7:00 7:35 8:40 9:45 10:50 11:55 1:00 2:05 3:10 4:15 5:20 6:25 7:30

Parap Rd

7 min 7:03 7:38 8:43 9:48 10:53 11:58 1:03 2:08 3:13 4:18 5:23 6:28 7:33

Winnellie

4 min 7:10 7:45 8:50 9:55 11:00 12:05 1:10 2:15 3:20 4:25 5:30 6:35 7:40

Museum

3 min 7:14 7:49 8:54 9:59 11:04 12:09 1:14 2:19 3:24 4:29 5:34 6:39 7:44

Berrimah

3 min 7:17 7:52 8:57 10:02 11:07 12:12 1:17 2:22 3:27 4:32 5:37 6:42 7:47

Thorak

3 min 7:20 7:55 9:00 10:05 11:10 12:15 1:20 2:25 3:30 4:35 5:40 6:45 7:50

Palms 4 min

7:23 7:58 9:03 10:08 11:13 12:18 1:23 2:28 3:33 4:38 5:43 6:48 7:53

Palmerston 8 min

7:27 8:02 9:07 10:12 11:17 12:22 1:27 2:32 3:37 4:42 5:47 6:52 7:57

7:35 8:10 9:16 10:21 11:26 12:31 1:36 2:41 3:46 4:51 5:56 7:01 8:05

1 How many stops are between Darwin and Palmerston? 2 What is the latest time Di can leave Darwin by bus to be in Palmerston by 3 o’clock? 3 How long is the bus trip from the City shops to the Museum? 4 What time does the 11:55 bus reach Thorak?

minutes :

5 Let’s go over your work! a How many stops are between b How long is the bus trip from Darwin to Palmerston? minutes Winnellie and Museum? c What is the latest time Pippa can leave Parap Rd by bus to be in Palms by 10 o’clock? d Eddie catches a bus at 4:29 at Winnellie. : When will he be in Palms? e Ben catches the10:50 bus from Darwin to Berrimah. Jake catches the 11:55 bus from Darwin to Berrimah to meet Ben. How long will Ben have to wait for Jake? Source: https://nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/270791/Route8_dwn_pal-April-16.pdf

☞

Answers on page A7



53



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UNIT

50

World time zones

A time zone is a region throughout which the same standard time is used. There are 24 time zones in the world. Each time zone to the next is an hour apart. World time zones are complicated by state and country borders. The International Date Line is where there is a change in days. A tip to help you! Revise time zones by reading Units 19 and 48 on pages 19 and 52. All time is measured from Greenwich in England. There is a 12-hour difference between (the meridian of) Greenwich and the International Date Line.

150 00

Japan

California

Tahiti

WA South Africa

Australia

Monday Sunday

Greenwich Meridian

China

International Date Line

North America

150 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1650 1500 1350 1200 1050 900 750 600 450 300

Note: this map has been simplified for educational purposes.

1 I fly from New Zealand to Tahiti. I depart New Zealand early on Monday. On which day will I arrive in Tahiti? 2 According to the map, how many time zones are in Australia? 3 Misaki flies from California to Japan on Friday. On which day will she arrive? 4 Japan is in the same time zone as the Central Time Zone in Australia. True False Tick a box. 5 Let’s go over your work! a Which Asian country is in the same time zone as Western Australia (WA)? b How many time zones does China have? c How many time zones does this map of North America show? d Perth (WA) is 6 hours ahead of South Africa. A jet leaves Perth for South Africa at 10:00 pm. What time is that in South Africa? e If the flight took 8 hours, at what time did the jet arrive in South Africa? A 12 noon B 12 midnight C 4 am D 4 pm 54 © Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4


☞

:

Answers on page A7



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

51

Types of fractions

A fraction looks like this:

numerator , denominator

e.g. 5 . 8

3

A mixed numeral is a whole number and a fraction, e.g. 24 . A tip to help you! The larger the denominator, the smaller the fraction (when the numerators are 1

1

3

3

the same), e.g. 5 is larger than 10 and 5 is larger than 10 . You cannot readily compare fractions with 4 9 different numerators and denominators. Is 5 greater than 11 ? First you must learn to change them both to fractions with the same denominator.

2

5

8

25

1 These fractions can all be simplified to the same fraction: 4 , 10 , 16 , 50 . What is that fraction? 3

2 How many eighths are in 4 ? 3

16 24

can be simplified to

. 1 4 1 1

4 Write these fractions in the boxes on the number line: 3 , 5 , 2 , 8 .

0

1

5 Let’s go over your work! a 0 These fractions can all be simplified to the same fraction:

6 30 12 75 , , , . 8 40 16 100

What is that fraction?

2

3

3

4

5

b How many tenths are in 5? 0% 50% 0.0 0.5 0

1

0

1

100% 1.0 3

c

1

40 50

2

4

2

3

0

1

e Marilyn cut some oranges into quarters. After giving a piece to each member of the3athletics team she still had 13 pieces left over. 2 4 5 2 What mixed numeral does this represent? 0%

☞

Answers on page A7 0.0

0


50% 0.5

1

4

6

8

100% 1.0


1 3 1 4Excel Basic Skills Money, 4 Time, Fractions and Decimals Years 5-6


8

. 1

3 7

d Write these fractions in the boxes on the number line: 3 , 10 , 4 , 8 . 4 4

0

6

can be simplified to

55 17/10/2016 9:42 PM

3 4

UNIT

52

More on types of fractions

When the numerator and denominator are both the same number, the fraction = 1 (whole), 2 4 8 9 15 27 42 e.g. 2 , 4 , 8 , 9 , 15 , 27 , 42 . These fractions all equal 1.

8

If the numerator is larger than the denominator, the fraction becomes an improper fraction, e.g. 5 . Improper fractions can be converted into mixed numerals. 8 3 The line between the two numbers is treated as a division sign, e.g. 5 = 8 ÷ 5 = 15 . A tip to help you! To change a mixed numeral into an improper fraction you reverse the process. 3

Use multiplication, e.g. to convert 25 into an improper fraction multiply the 2 by the 5 to give the 3 13 number of fifths in 2 wholes. Then add the 3 fifths. So 25 = 5 .

1 What are these improper fractions as mixed numerals? 2 What are these mixed numerals as improper fractions?

4

23 8

9

2 10

55 0

3 How many wholes are in 27 thirds?

15 4

0

4 Put a cross on the number line to 3 show the position of 34 .

2

3

4

0% 0.0

5 Let’s go over your work!

0

50% 0.5 1 4

a What are these improper fractions as mixed numerals? 0

2

b What are these mixed numerals as improper fractions? 77 1

c

80 10

is the same as

100% 1.0 3 4

11 3

2

5

1

,

25 6

1

, 92

wholes. 1

1

1 the number line to show the position of 3 and a dot for 7 . d Put a cross on 5 2 5

2

4

6

8 4 e How much greater is 4 than 8 ?

100% 1.0

1

8

Explain your answer.

56



1

☞

Answers on page A7



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

53

Adding fractions

You can add ‘things’ of the same type, e.g. 1 pear + 7 pears = 8 pears. 1 7 8 It is the same with fractions, e.g. 1 tenth (10 ) + 7 tenths (10 ) = 8 tenths (10 ). A tip to help you! If the fractions to be added have the same denominator you simply add the numerators but do not change the denominators.

1 2

3

4

3 10

5

+ 10 =

4 9

Now simplify.

2

+9=

Now simplify.

4 5

+5=

4

Change your answer to a mixed numeral.

3 8

+4=

1

(Change the quarters to eighths first.)

3 10

4

7

+ 10 + 10 =

Now convert to a mixed numeral.

5 Let’s go over your work!

☞

a

5 12

4

b

5 8

+8=

c

1 5

+ 10 =

d

7 8

+8+8 =

+ 12 =

7

Now change to a mixed numeral.

3

5

Now simplify.

Now simplify

3

Answers on page A7


=

Simplify.

(Change the fifths to tenths first.)

1

1

1

e Add 12 + 24 + 12 =


57



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

54

Subtracting fractions

You can subtract ‘things’ of the same type, e.g. 7 pears – 2 pears = 5 pears. 7 2 5 It is the same with fractions, e.g. 7 tenths ( 10 ) – 2 tenths ( 10 ) = 5 tenths ( 10 ). A tip to help you! If fractions have the same denominator you simply find the difference between the numerators but do not change the denominators. 1 2

3

4

9 10

4

– 10 =

5

1–8=

(Change the whole number to eighths first.)

4

1 – 10 =

4 5

Now simplify.

3

– 10 =

Now simplify.

Now simplify.

(Change the fifths to tenths first.)

5 Let’s go over your work! a

7 8

3

–8=

3 4

Now simplify.

3

Now simplify.

2

Now simplify.

c 1 – 12 =

d

–8=

e Pippa’s mother bought two slabs of iced cake for a party. She cut each slab into eighths. She had five pieces left over. Solve this operation to find out how much cake was used.


9

b 1 – 10 =

( Change the whole number to tenths first.)

(Change the quarters to eighths first.)

5

2–8 =

(Change the whole number to eighths first.)

=


(Now change this to a mixed numeral.)

☞

Answers on page A7



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

55

Fractions and whole numbers

Sometimes you know what a fraction of something equals but you want to know what the whole equals. When the numerator of the fraction is 1 (one) you find the whole number by multiplying by the 1 5 1 denominator, e.g. if 5 of an amount = 3, then 5 (1 whole) = 3  5 = 15. To find 5 of a number divide by 5. A tip to help you! To find more than one fractional part of a number calculate what one part is 2

1

5

then multiply by the remaining parts to get a total, e.g. if you know 5 is 4 then 5 = 2. 5 will be 5  2 (10). 1

1 If 3 of a number is 7, what is the whole number? 2



4 If 5 of a number is 10, 2

what is 5 of the number? 5 Let’s go over your work! 1

a If 4 of a number is 9, what is the whole number? 1

b This is 6 of Maya’s money. How much does Maya have?

$ 1

c There are 15 apples in a carton but only 10 of the carton has been filled. How many apples would be in a full carton? 3

1

d If 8 of a number is 12, what is 2 of the number?

(Change 1 to eighths first.) 2

8

3

e If 8 represents 40, what is 8 of that whole number? ☞

Answers on page A7



59



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

56

Adding decimals

A tip to help you! When adding decimals vertically keep the decimal points aligned—each one in the same column. If the ends are not level this does not matter (or you could add zeroes if you want), e.g. 2.3 +11.99 + 213.44 + 8.008 could be set out like this:

2.3 11.99 213.44 + 8.008

(Numbers with two decimal places are fractional amounts of 100. Numbers with three decimal places are fractional amounts of 1000.)

1 Add. 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.7 + 0.8 = Try this one. 0.7 + 0.7 + 0.7 + 0.7 = 2 Add. 1.2 + 2.9 + 0.7 + 4.8 =

(You may set the sum out vertically on the right-hand side of this page.)

3 Add. 2.45 1.1 3.56 + 2.7 (The decimal points are all kept in line.) 4 Add. 3.98 + 24.7 =

(You may do your working here.)

5 Let’s go over your work! a Add. 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.7 + 0.8 + 2.3 = b Add. 3.21 + 1.9 + 3.7 + 0.08 =

(You may set it out vertically on the right-hand side of this page.)

c Add. 12.45 31.1 5.06 +10.7 +10.7

(The decimal points are all kept in line.)

d Add. 3.98 + 24.7 + 8.9 =


e Round to whole numbers to estimate the total of: 1.3 + 8.9 + 0.7 + 3.6 =

2.0 + 9.1 + 4.5 + 2.7 =


Which was the higher total?


☞

Answers on page A7



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

57

Subtracting decimals

Subtracting decimals can be done in the same way as subtracting numbers. You can ignore the decimal point when you are subtracting but make sure you include the point in your answer. A tip to help you! When subtracting decimals vertically keep the decimal points 12.10 aligned—each one in the same column. If there are not always the same number – 2.32 of digits behind the decimal points you can fill the spaces with zeroes, e.g. 12.1 – 2.32 would become 12.10. 1 Subtract. 6.5 – 2.3 = Now try this one. 4.28 – 2.14 = 2 Subtract. 7.2 – 3.4 =

(You may set this sum out vertically on the right-hand side of this page.)

3 Subtract.

27.45 – 14.66


– 14.66

4 Subtract. 30.28 – 24.7 =

You may set out your working here.

5 Let’s go over your work! a Subtract. 7.8 – 7.5 = b Subtract. 8.1 – 0.9 =

Now try this one. 8.4 – 2.8 =

(You may set the operation out vertically on the right-hand side of this page.)

c Subtract.

52.45 – 3.7 – 3.7


d Subtract. 60.05 – 23.7 =


e Round to whole numbers to estimate the difference between 23.71 and 18.27. ☞

Now find the difference between 40.1 and 30.9.




61



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

58

Multiplying decimals

Multiplying decimals can be done in the same way as multiplying numbers. You can pretend the decimal point isn’t there but make sure you include the point in your answer. A tip to help you! When multiplying decimals by whole numbers

12.7

make sure the product has the same number of digits behind the decimal point as in the decimal being multiplied, e.g.



1 0.7  6 =

0.5  11 =

2 1.2  8 =

2.3  3 =

3

3.37 

38.1

4

13.48

0.9  10 = 2.5  4 =

3 1.09 3.35 23.5  7  9  8

4 31.29 50.22 33.54  6  8  5

5 Let’s go over your work! a 7  6.1 =

3  4.0 =

10  8.1 =

b 9  1.2 =

12  1.2 =

6  2.5 =

c 2.07 6.36 23.50  6  6  8

d 31.29 50.33 28.04  6  8  4

e Solve. 10  1.23 =

100  1.20 =

10  0.34 =

100  0.34 =

Can you see a pattern in the results?



☞

Answers on page A8



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

59

Dividing decimals

Dividing decimals by whole numbers can be done the same way as dividing whole numbers. 4.02 You can ignore the decimal point as long as you include the point in your answer, e.g. 4 16.08 A tip to help you! When dividing decimals by whole numbers 13.47 make sure the quotient has the same number of digits behind 5 67.35 the decimal point as in the decimal being divided, e.g.

Sometimes you may have to add a zero at the end of the decimal, e.g. 23.5 ÷ 2 becomes 23.50 ÷ 2.

1 Solve. 6.8 ÷ 2 =

2 Solve. 13.4 ÷ 2 =

3.9 ÷ 3 =

20.5 ÷ 5 =

17.25 ÷ 3 =

21.45 ÷ 5 =

3 Solve. You may have to add a zero. 15.3 ÷ 2 =

(You may use this space for working.)

18.6 ÷ 4 =

87.9 ÷ 10 =

4 Try these. 5 33.7

8 41.2

2 231.7

5 Let’s go over your work! a Solve. 26.4 ÷ 2 =

b Solve. 15.12 ÷ 2 =

c Solve. 27.9 ÷ 2 =

42.9 ÷ 3 =

17.28 ÷ 3 = 20.7 ÷ 6 =

(You may use this space for working.)

41.0 ÷ 5 =

22.05 ÷ 5 = 99.3 ÷ 10 =

d Try these.

5 84.3

9 136.8

7 93.1

e Decimal currency is a common use of decimals. Can you see a connection? Try these: ☞

5 $33.75

Answers on page A8


8 $61.20

2 $101.56


63



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

UNIT

60

Multiplying and dividing decimals by 10s and 100s

The decimal system is based on tens. Multiplying and dividing decimals by 10 or powers of 10 is as simple as moving the decimal point. You may have to add zeroes to complete an operation, e.g. 28.5 ÷ 10 has the same answer as 28.50 ÷ 10. A tip to help you! Multiplication of two numbers can be done in any order, e.g. 2  5 is the same as 5  2 and 23.56  10 is the same as 10  23.56. 1 Solve. 10  1.3 =

10  21.5 =

10  8.41 =

10  16.09 =

2 Solve. 12.5 ÷ 10 =

102.1 ÷ 10 =

52.3 ÷ 10 =

3 Solve. 10  44.3 =

0.60 ÷ 10 =

10  6.52 =

10  38.41 =

10  77.07 =

4 Solve. 58.50 ÷ 10 =

94.3 ÷ 10 =

200.1 ÷ 10 =

0.90 ÷ 10 =

5 Let’s go over your work! a 0.4 3.5 4.68 12.21  10  10  10  10 b 10 0.60

10 8.80

10 67.8

c 10  51.3 =

10  3.34 =

31.87  10 =

60.06  10 =

d 28.54 ÷ 10 =

18.66 ÷ 10 =

0.70 ÷ 10 =

250.15 ÷ 10 =

(These answers may go to three decimal places.)

10 123.4

e The same process applies to money. 10  $4.56 = $

10  $0.89 = $

10  $12.23 = $

$12.00 ÷ 10 = $

$25.50 ÷ 10 = $

$4.70 ÷ 10 = $



☞

Answers on page A8



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

5

Money, time, fractions and decimals 0

1


$3.00

$9.50

2 Fill in the empty boxes.

$38.20 2

3

0% 0.0

4

5

50% 0.5

2

3 4

6

1

3 Wayne will get a 10% discount when he pays a repair bill of $120 with cash. How much will he pay for the repairs?

$

0

4

100% 1.0

1 4

0

1

$1200.00

1

This is the schedule of opening times for a coffee shop. 4 On which day is the coffee shop open for the least amount of time?

OPENING TIMES Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 Sunday

5 How many hours is the shop open on Fridays? 6 Jen arrived at the coffee shop at 20 to 3 0 on Monday. How late was Jen? 7 Mr Hertz had to go to a meeting. 1 It began0 at half past 9 in the morning. It lasted for 34 hours. When did the meeting finish? (Use 24-hour digital time.) 2

1

5

8

25

5 fraction: , , , 2 . 8 These fractions2can all be 3simplified 4to the same 8 20 32 100 What is that fraction? 0% 50% 100% 0.0

0.5

4

8 am—1 pm 9 am—2 pm 9 am—3 pm 10 am—4 pm 7 am—5 pm 11 am—6 pm 10 am—12 pm

: 6

8

1.0

1 2 3

9

0 1 line: , , , . 9 Write these fractions in14 the boxes on the34 number 3 5 4 10

0

10 ☞

5 8

1

+8=

1

Answers on page A8


Now simplify.


65



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

6



$15.00

$62.00

$2000

2 At a closing-down sale a stereo unit has a price tag of $150. It is reduced by 90%. How much will a shopper pay for the stereo unit?

90

3 The interest on a loan from a money lender was set at 20% per year. Mr Gray borrows $55 for a year. How much does Mr Gray have to repay? 4 An auctioneer charged a fee of 10% for selling a racehorse for $3200. How much did the owner receive? 5 Mr Wright has an evening flight at this time. What is the time on this clock as 24-hour digital time?

10 9 8

11 12 1

7 6

5

2 3

This is the bus timetable from Garet to the airport. 6 How long does it take the 13:25 Garet bus to get to the airport?

7 The Oscar family have to be at the airport for a 2 pm flight. They have completed all their ticketing. What is the departure time of the latest bus they can catch from Garet to be at the airport on time? 8

1

3

:

4

Garet 5.30 7.20 8.40 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.25 15.00 16.25 17.50

Arrival at airport 6.40 8.25 9.45 11.05 12.05 13.05 14.30 16.05 17.30 19.10

1

14 + 24 + 12 = 3

9 If 8 of a number is 12, what is the whole number?

10 42.07 – 9.8 =


You may do your working here.


☞

Answers on page A8



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

7


1 The deposit on a boat hire is $21, which is 25% of the total cost. How much is left to pay? A $21.00 B $42.00 C $63.00

D $84.00

2 A concert had a $24 entry ticket. Children get a 20% discount. What is the value of the child’s discount? A $2.40 B $4.80 C $5.60

D $8.00

3 A docket shows the charge of $15.60 for a fare before 10% GST was added. What was the GST on that fare? A $1.56 B $1.70 C $2.00 D $3.12 From Monday to Friday

This is the timetable for the bus from Imson to the airport. 4 How long does it take the first Imson bus to complete its 5:05 journey? A 15 min. B 65 min. C 75 min. D 90 min. 5 Dad catches the 16:30 bus to Imson airport. What is its arrival time at the airport in analog time? A 25 to 5 B 25 to 7 C 5:35 D half past 4

Imson

Arrival at airport

5.05

6.10

6.00

7.05

7.00

8.05

8.00

9.05

8.50

10.10

10.00

11.05

11.00

12.05

12.00

13.05

13.30

14.35

15.00

16.05

16.30

17.35

17.30

18.55

18.30

19.45

6 Buses run every 15 minutes every day from 8:05 am in Eastly. How many services are there between 10 o’clock and 11 o’clock? A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6

☞

7 0.6 + 0.9 + 0.7 + 0.8 + 1.2 = ? A 0.33 B 3.2

C 4.02

D 4.2

8 16.7 – 0.3 = ? A 13.4

B 13.7

C 16.4

D 17.0

9 10.17  8

A 8.138

B 80.36

C 81.36

10 10  120.9 = ? A 1209.0

B 120.09

C 129.0

D 12.90

Answers on page A8



D 813.6

67



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

TEST

8


1 The interest on a loan from a money lender was set at 20% per year. Yvonne borrows $2500 for a year. How much does she owe the money lender? A $250.00 B $500.00 C $2700.00 D $3000.00 2 A fee of $15 was charged on an overdue bill of $300. What was the fee charged as a percentage? A 3% B 5% C 10% D 15% 3 Ice-Kold Refreshers are usually $3 each. There is a special promotion and if you buy four you get a fifth one free. What percentage saving is there on the usual price of five Ice-Kold Refreshers? A 2% B 10% C 20% D 30% 4 Skyway services run every 12 minutes every day starting at 8 o’clock in the morning. How many departing services are there from 9 o’clock to 10 o’clock in the evening? A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6 Sundays from 26 July

This is part of a London bus timetable.

B1

B2

London Paddington

d

1152

1200

5 How long does it take the bus to go from Swindon to Bristol Temple Meads? A 32 minutes B 36 minutes C 42 minutes D 72 minutes

Reading

d

1222

1230

Didcot Parkway

d

–

1244

Swindon

d

1252

1303

Kemble

a

–

1320

Stroud

a

–

1335

Stonehouse

a

–

1340

6 The B2 bus arrives at Stonehouse at 13:40. What time is this on Peter’s analog watch? A 20 to 3 B 13 past 4 C 20 to 2 D 3:40

Gloucester

a

–

1353

Cheltenham Spa

a

–

1409

Chippenham

d

–

–

Bath Spa

a

–

–

Bristol Parkway

d

–

1429

7 How many stops does the 1200 bus (B2) make between Reading and Gloucester? A 3 B 4 C 5

Bristol Temple Meads a

D 6

8 Two-thirds of my money is $3.80. What is my total amount? A $1.90 B $6.80 C $5.07

D $5.70

9 Solve. 9 172.08 A 19.12

B 18.12

C 1.912

D 19.02

10 358.5 ÷ 10 = ? A 3.585

B 35.85

C 35.085

D 85.5


1324


☞

Answers on page A8



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

Answers Year 5 Unit 1 Needs and wants

Unit 5 Goods and services

Page 1

1 torch, water, sun hat 2 $2.40 ($6.90 – $4.50) 3 $37.50 (Over 10 weeks Wayne will receive $150 (10  $15). One-quarter of $150 is $37.50 ($150 ÷ 4). 4 $5, $2, $1, 20c, 10c and 5c. 5 a cakes, magician, music, candles, whistles b $7.25 ($10 – $2.75) c Black Gold or Drums d $10, $5, $2, 50c and 20c e 25 weeks ($125 ÷ $5)

Page 5 1 baked beans, comb, truck, petrol 2 bridge toll, TV repairs, dentist visit 3 good 4 Cheese and cough mixture are goods. Circus tickets and tutoring are services. 5 a CD, nail polish, cola, thongs, iPad b mail delivery, doctor consultation c service d The firewood, gas cylinder and pet food are goods. A cashier, receptionist and cleaner provide services. e No tax is paid because no money has exchanged hands. Unit 6 Estimating by rounding

Unit 2 Rounding up to the nearest 5c

Page 2 1 C (Round up to the next 5c ($2.05) for a cash payment.) 2 B (Round up to the next 5c (45c) for a cash payment.) 3 $35.35 (Round up to the next 5c (35c) for a cash payment.) 4 45c (Round up to the next 5c ($2.05) for a cash payment ($2.50 – $2.05).) 5 a C (Round up to the next 5c ($1.05) for a cash payment.) b D (Round up to the next 5c ($3.95) for a cash payment.) c $2.25 (Round up to the next 5c ($2.25) for a cash payment.) d $13.85 (No rounding is required.) e 95c (Total battery cost is $4.04 (4  $1.01). Round up to the next 5c ($4.05) for a cash payment. Change = $5 – $4.05) Unit 3 Rounding down to the nearest 5c

Page 3 1 $2.55 (Round down to the previous 5c ($1.55) for a cash payment.) 2 C (Round down to the previous 5c ($6.75) for a cash payment.) 3 2c (Round down to the previous 5c ($120.85) for a cash payment. He saves 2c ($120.87 – $120.85).) 4 $1, 5c (Round down to the previous 5c ($0.95) for a cash payment. Change is $1.05 ($2 – 95c).) 5 a $3.57 (No rounding is required with card payments.) b $10, $5, $1, 20c, 5c c $3.15 (No rounding is required.) d 2 (Round down to the previous 5c ($2.05) for a cash payment. Two coins are required (a $2 and a 5c coin).) e 2c (A cash sale would round down to $163.60, which is 2c cheaper than the card price.) Unit 4 Rounding up or down to the nearest 10c Page 4 1 D (Round up to the next 10c ($2.80) for a cash payment.) 2 A (Round down to the previous 10c (40c) for a cash payment.) 3 $5.90 (Round up to the next 10c ($5.90).) 4 $2, $1, 10c (Round down to the previous 10c ($6.90) for a cash payment. Camilla should get $3.10 change ($10 – $6.90). Her change should include the $2, $1 and 10c coins.) 5 a C ( Round up to the next 10c ($4.30) for a cash payment.) b A ( Round down to the previous 10c ($3.40) for a cash payment.) c $4.40 (Round up to the next 10c ($15.60) for a cash payment. From $20 Mr Ling should get $4.40 change ($20 – $15.60).) d $1.10 (Three Choc Frogs cost 3  96c = $2.88. Round up to the next 10c ($2.90) for a cash payment. Gavin tendered 2  $2 ($4). His change should be $1.10 ($4 – $2.90).) e $20, $10, $2, $2, 50c (Round up to the next 10c ($115.50) for a cash payment. Change from $150 (3  $50) would be $34.50 ($150 – $115.50). Mr Gold’s change should include $20 and $10 notes and the coins $2, $2 and 50c.)

b 30c, 60c, $1.00, 80c, $2.40, $6.00 c $10, $70, $410, $450 $250, $800 d No ($1 + $3 + $4 + $3 = $11) e $180 ($70 + $30 + $40 + $40)

Unit 7 Estimating total costs

Page 7

1 C (Round up to the next 10c ($4.10) for a cash payment.) 2 $4 (Round down to the previous dollar.) 3 $1.10 (40c + 20c + 20c + 30c); Tanya will use a $2 coin. 4 $1.09; Tanya will pay $1.10 for cash. 5 a D (Round up to the next 10c ($5.60).)

b $6 (Round up to the next dollar.) c $65; Buckley will pay with a $100 note. d $65.02; Buckley will pay $65.02 using his debit card. e Four-pack (Three single batteries will cost $2.58 and he would pay $2.60 cash. A four-pack costs $2.52 and he would pay $2.50 cash. Mr Lowe would be 10c better off buying a four-pack.)

Unit 8 Understanding receipts

Page 8 Yes 2 4 $0.45 (45c) b $0.69 (69c) d No

1 $4.90 3 $0.10 (10c) 5 a cash c $7.50 – 69c = $6.81 Unit 9 ATM withdrawals

e D

Page 9

1 $200 2 $202.95 (There was a surcharge of $2.95.) 3 $1640.75 (Add $100 to the account balance ($1540.75 + $100).) 4 $1690.75 ($1640.75 + $50) 5 a $200 b $201 c $1 d D e $192 ($11 would have been debited from Gus’s account ($10 + $1 fee) leaving $192.00 ($203.00 – $11.00).)

Unit 10 Budgeting

Page 10

1 $5400 (Dad earns $6000 in 4 weeks. $600 of that goes in rent (4  $150). Dad has $5400 left for other expenses ($6000 – $600).) 2 $605 ($200 + $250 + $50 + $50 + $30 + $25) 3 and 4 Income

$

Expenditure

$

Mowing

5

Magazine

2.50

Making bed

3.50

Donation to RSPCA

2

Sale of computer game

5


Page 6

1 50, 70, 100, 70, 450, 300 2 30c, 20c, 90c, 80c, $1.40, $4.00 3 $30, $60, $50, $110, $250, $500 4 $3.60 (90c + $1.40 + 80c + 50c) 5 a 90, 110, 200, 650, 230, 400

A1



17/10/2016 9:42 PM

5 a $240.00 (Jake earns $150  2 = $300 (2 weeks). Fares cost 2  $30 = $60. $300 – $60 = $240.) c and d See table below

b $35 ($93 – $58)

INCOME

$

EXPENDITURE

$

Cleaning car

10

Fares

2.50

Birthday gift

10

Ice-cream

4.00

Helmet sale

5

Total

Video hire

5.00

Computer cable

3.00

Total

$14.50

$25.00

e Income is greater than expenses by $10.50. Unit 11 A full day

Page 11

1 A (Each new day starts at midnight not when the sun rises.) 2 24 h 3 half past 2 in the afternoon 4 16 h (There are 8 h from 4 o’clock in the morning to midday (12 o’clock) and another 8 h until 8 o’clock at night.) b 48 h (2  24 = 48) 5 a D c half past 2 the previous afternoon (2:30) d 14 h (There are 6 h from 6 o’clock in the evening to midnight and another 8 h until 8 o’clock next morning.) e 10 o’clock at night (10:00)

Unit 12 Understanding am and pm Page 12

1 The grey line represents night and the boxes without the line represent daylight hours. 2 7 am 3 20 h (There are 10 h from 2 am to midday (12 o’clock) and another 10 h until 10 pm.)

are 3 3 h from 8:15 to midday (12 o’clock) and 4 10 12 h (There 4 3 another 6 h to 6:45.) 4

5 a 1:30 pm

b 10 h (There are 7 h from 5 pm (afternoon) to midnight (12 o’clock) and another 3 h until 3 am the next morning.) c 2 pm (There are 3 1 h to midday and another 2 h after 2 midday to 2 pm.) d B (Work backwards from 7:30 pm. It is 7 1 h to midday and 2 then 1 1 h before midday to 10:30 am.) 2 e 8 am in the morning is 11 h after 9 pm (night).

Unit 13 Understanding 24-hour time

Page 13 20:00 (8 +12 = 20) 1 2 13:40 ((10 + 3 = 13) Half an hour (30 min) after 10 past the hour is 20 to the next hour.) 3 20 (12 + 8 = 20) 4 20:20 5 a 4:00 b 22 c 9 (a quarter to the hour) d 21:50 (12 + 9:50) e D (1 minute past 9 is 9:01. Add 12 to give 21:01.) Unit 14 Hours forward across days Page 14 1 A (12 h later would be 10 am but 11 h is 1 h less.) 2 B (20 h is 4 h short of a full day.) 3 14:00 (Add 13 to 1.) 4 Friday, 2:30 am (Alissa goes to sleep at 7:30 pm. Count ahead 7 h.) 5 a B (Count forward 7 h (12, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). This will be Sunday morning.) b B (Count forward 15 h. It is easiest if you go ahead 12 h to 10 pm then count on 3 more hours.) c 04:00 (11 pm is night-time. Count forward 5 h to 4 am.) d 1:45 am, Tuesday (Charles starts watching at 10:45 pm. 3 h after 10:45 pm is 1:45 am Tuesday.) e 12:00 (The train left at 3:30 pm. Count forward 8 1 h. This 2 will be 12 midnight (or 12:00) on Wednesday.)

A2

Unit 15 Hours forward across days (digital)

Page 15 1 B (To find 5 h after half past 9 (9:30 pm) count on 5 h: 9 + 5 1 = 14 1 or 2:30 am the next day.) 2 2 2 A (6:15 pm is in the evening. Count on 14 h to 8:15 am.) 3 02:00 (Count on 4 12 from 9 12 .) (The flight leaves at 10:00 pm Tuesday. 4 06:30 Wednesday Count on 8 1 h 2 (10 + 8 1 = 18 1 ). This is 6:30 am.) 2 2 5 a A (Half past 8 is 8:30 pm. Count on 6 h to 2:30 am) b D (24 h later is also 6:15 as it is the same time next day. To convert to 24-hour time add 12 (18:15).) c 23:00 (The hike started at 10:30 am and finished 12 1 h 2 later. Add half an hour which gives you 11 am. Then add another 12 h to give you 23:00.) d 07:45 on Tuesday (Mia left at 10:15 pm on Monday. Half an hour later is 10:45. Count on 9 h.) e B (1:45 on the next day) Unit 16 Hours back across days Page 16 1 C (1 am is early morning. Count back to the previous day.) 2 B (3 am is early morning. Count back to the previous day.) 3 00:00 (1 am is very early in the day. 1 h before that is midnight which is 00 in 24-hour time.) 4 11 pm, Wednesday (The baby woke up at 7 am. Count back 8 h to 11 pm on Wednesday night.) 5 a A (Count back 7 h from 6 am Saturday to 11 pm Friday.) b A (Count back 10 h from 2 am Sunday to 4 pm Saturday.) c 00:00 (4 am is early morning. 4 h before that is midnight which is 00 in 24-hour time.) d 10:30 pm, Sunday (The movie finished at 1:30 am. Count back 3 h to 10:30 pm on Sunday, the previous day.) e 17:00, Friday Unit 17 Hours back across days (digital) Page 17 1 C 2 C 3 19:00 (Count back 6 12 h from 1:30 am.) 4 11:00, Saturday 5 a D (Count back 6 h from 4:30 am to 22:30 the previous day.) b D (There will be no change of clock time. It will be the same time on the previous day. Convert to 24-hour time by adding 12.) 1 c 10:00 (Count back 12 h then another 2 h (10 am).) d 22:00, Saturday (10 pm) e B (Count back 10 h from 7:45 am.) Unit 18 Duration and elapsed time

1

2

3

Page 18

Start time 9.30 am

End time 1.30 pm

Elapsed time 4h

5.45 am

1.15 pm

72 h

2.00 pm

12 noon

22 h

Start time 10:00 am 09:00 am

End time 11:45 am 05:30 pm

Elapsed time 1 h 45 min

08:15 pm

02:45 am

62 h

Start time 0100 hours 0530 hours

End time 2200 hours 1000 hours

Elapsed time 21 h

0030 hours

1100 hours

10 2 h

1

1

82 h 1

1

42 h 1





17/10/2016 9:42 PM

4

Start time

End time

11 12 1

11 12 1

10 9

2 3

10 9

4

8

10

2

10 9

8

4

8

7 6 5

7 6 5

Elapsed time 30 min

2 3 4

Unit 22 More on common unit fractions

Page 22

1 B (Divide 24 by 3.) 2 1 2 The line is divided into tenths. (10 is 5 .) X

11 12 1 9

3 7

8

6 5

11 12 1

7 6 5

4 h 15 min

2 3 4

0

1

3 15 ( 13 of number = 5; 3  5 = 15; 33 of number = 15) 4 5 ( 13 of 12 = 4; 14 of 12 = 3; 7 lollies were taken; 12 – 7 = 5) 5 a C (Divide 35 by 5.) X

0

1

X

5 a b

c

d

Start time 9.15 am 5.45 pm

End time 12.30 pm 12.15 pm

Elapsed time 3 h 15 min 6 h 30 min

Start time 9.20 am 08.45 am

End time 11.30 am 01.30 pm


Start time 1300 hours 2145 hours

End time 1415 hours 2315 hours


Start time

End time

Elapsed time

11 12 1

11 12 1

10 9 8

7 6 5

2 3

10 9

4

2

4 h 10 min

3

8

4 7

6 5

e 10:15 (The finish time was 45 min after 9:30.) Unit 19 Time zones

Page 19 1 5 o’clock (Take 3 h from the Sydney time.) 2 4 o’clock (4:00) (Take half an hour from the Sydney time.) 3 4:00 (Add half an hour to the Adelaide time.) 4 10 pm (It took 3 h to travel there but you need to subtract 3 h for the time difference. There is no change in time.) 5 a 7:45 NZ time was 2 h ahead of Victoria. b 2:00 am on the morning of the same day (Friday) c 5:00 am (Add 3 h to the Sydney time.) d 1700 hours (Add half an hour to get the Sydney time.) e A (Count back 3 h from 11 o’clock.) Unit 20 Timetables Page 20 1 4 days (Wednesday to Saturday) 2 11 h 45 min (2 h from 10 am to midday and 9 h 45 min to 9:45) 3 12:50 (There is no change; 12 o’clock is part of the 24-hour clock.) 4 D (7 h from 5 pm to midnight then another10 h to 10 am: 17 h) 5 a 3 days (Sunday to Tuesday) b 4 h 15 min c 17:30 (5:30 + 12) d B (4 h from 8 am to midday then another 6 h to 6 pm: 10 h) e A (1:45 pm converts to 1345 hours (145 + 1200).) Unit 21 Common unit fractions

Page 21

1 A 2 15 ( 102 can be reduced to 15 by dividing both the 1 8

numerator and denominator by 2.)

(1 piece out of 8) 4 4 out of 8 squares are shaded. (There is more than one way you can shade the correct number of squares.)

3

a C b 10 (10 tenths in 1 whole or 10 = 1) 10 c 3 is shaded. (The circle has 8 parts.) 8

5

d 2 out of 8 squares are shaded. (There is more than one way you can shade the correct number of squares.) e 1 (There are 8 pieces of pizza in 1 whole. Danny takes 1 of 8 8 the pizza.)

0

1

0

2

1

1

0

X

2

3

1

4

1

41

3

tenths. 3 of 10 is a bit more than 3 (3 3 ). 8 0 1 1X 2 –2 –1 = 1 2 3 4 5 c 32 ( 8 = 4; –54 –4 8 –3= 32; 8 0 32)

3

X

4

1 1 X 16 – 12 = 4) d C ( 2 of 16 = 8; 4 of 16 =X 4; 1 8 + 4 =12; 2 3 2 4 8 1 1 1 6 e of 33 ( of 25 is 5; of 33 is 11) 3 5 3 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 X 3

4

4

5

Unit 23 Common fractions on number lines Page 23 X

1 12 (X is at the halfway mark which is the fifth part of 10 or 12 .) 2 3 12 (Each section of the line is the same as 12 .) 3 1 23 (X is at 53 . Change this to a mixed numeral by dividing the 2

4

6

8

2

numerator by the denominator: 5 ÷ 3 = 1 .) 4 B (This dot is halfway between 5 and 6.) 3

5 a 78 (The line is divided into eighths.) b 3 10 3

X

X

X

1 (Each section of the Xline is divided into thirds.) 1 0 1 0

X

X

c The line is in0 divisions of one-half.1 0

1

0

0

0 2

1

1 3

2 4

X

3

1

e

–5

–4

–3

2

X1 1

–2

–5 –4 –1 0 –5 –4

2

2

3

2

–3 1 –3

X

X

X

4

–2 X–1 2 3 –2 –1

X

0 4 0

4

X

4

3

4

3

4

1 5 1

2 2

X X

X 6

4

4 6 8 Unit 224 Adding 2 fractions 4

1

X

0 1 3 d The missing numbers are2 2 and 3.

3

4

5

3

4

5

8

8 Page 24

6

1 107 2 68 (or 34 ) 3 18 + 58 = 68 (1 + 5 = 6) 4 79 (or 5 ) c 5 + 5 = 10 (= 5 ) 5 a 108 (or 45 ); 1, 7, 8 b 10 12 6 12 12 12 6 d 5 (2 + 3 = 5) e 5 or 1 whole 7

5

Unit 25 More on adding fractions 6 4 4 5

7 5

Page 25

7 5

1 (3 + 3 = 6) 2 ; yes, is an improper fraction. 6 3 or 110 (or 1 5 ) 3 + 35 = 75 = 1 25 4 16 10 5 a 43 ; you can see that 2 thirds + 2 thirds = 4 thirds = 1 13 . b 9 are shaded or 1 3 (or 1 1 ). c 5 + 4 = 9 = 1 3 (or 1 ) 6

6

2

6

Unit 26 Subtracting fractions

6

6

6

2

Page 26

1 28 (or 14 ) (5 – 3 = 2) 2 103 (10 – 7 = 3) 3 58 (8 – 3 = 5) 4 1 – 38 = 58 5 a 102 (or 15 ) (9 – 7 = 2) b 128 (or 23 ) (11 – 3 = 8) c 4 (7– 3 = 4) d 1 – 3 = 4 e 0 (or nothing) 7

7

7


X

X

b The line is divided into

5

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X 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.40

X 0

1

2

3

4

5

X 0.7

Unit 27 Mixed exercises with whole numbers Page 27

1 32 = 1 12 2 1 14 (2 is the same as 84 . 84 – 34 = 54 = 1 14 .) 3 75 = 1 25 4 2 34 (Think of 3 wholes as 2 wholes + 44 . 44 – 14 = 34 .) = 1 3 (Add the tenths: 4 + 7 + 5 = 16 (tenths) = 1 6 (or 1 3 ).) 5 a 16 10 5 10 5 b 1 9

10

c 9 = 1 1 (Add the eighths: 2 + 3 + 1 + 3 = 9 (eighths) = 1 1 .) 8 5

8 1

10

X

3

8

2

d 10 = 2 (1 = 10. Subtract 10 , then 10.) 0

1

X e 0 ( 5 is the same as 1 whole. Phil spent all his money. 5 0 1 He had nothing left—$0.) X

0 1 2 3 4 Unit 28 Decimal fractions Page 28

1 Top line: 103 , 106 , 108 . Bottom line: 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9. = 1.9 2 4.9, 0.3, 11.1, 10.7 3 0.9, 1.5, 2.7, 6.6, 11.3 4 19 10 5 a 8.9, 10.5 b 13.5 1

–5

X

2

–4

–3

–2

–1

0

X

0.00

c

3

4

1

2

X

3

4

5

0.1

X

0.2

5 is halfway between 4 and 6. 5.5 is halfway between 5 and 6. 2

4

6

8

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20

0.2 0.3 0.4 X d 3 8 = 3.8 ( 1 = 5 . Add the tenths 5 + 3 + 1 + 9 = 18 tenths

10

8

2

10

8

=0.00110 . Add the 2 wholes = 310 0.1 or 3.8.) X 0.00 0.0110.9, 0.02 0.033.5, 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 e 22.2, 3.3,0.060.7 0.2 0.00 Unit 0.00 29 Decimals XXPage 29

0.1 0.3 0.1

0.2 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20

0.2 0.4 0.2

X

0.000.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05X 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.090.10.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.190.20.20 0.000.00 0.20 0.01 0.21 0.02 0.22 0.03 0.23 0.04 0.24 0.05 0.25X 0.06 0.26 0.07 0.27 0.08 0.28 0.09 0.290.10.10 0.30 0.11 0.31 0.12 0.32 0.13 0.33 0.14 0.34 0.15 0.35 0.16 0.36 0.17 0.37 0.18 0.38 0.19 0.390.20.20 0.40

1

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.000.2 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.100.3 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.200.4

0.2

XX X

0.3

0.2 0.2 0

1

0.3 0.3

2

XX

0.4

3

4

0.4 0.4 5

2 75 = 3 4 22.02, 10.90 (can be written as 10.9), 3.15, 3.13, 0.77 3 100 4 5 a 0.00 0.00

XX

X

0.1 0.1

0.2 0.2

0.000.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06X 0.07 0.08 0.090.10.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.190.20.20 0.000.00 0.7 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06X 0.07 0.08 0.090.10.10 0.8 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.190.20.20 0.9 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.000.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.100.1 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.200.2

X

0.2 0.2

0.3 0.3

0.4 0.4

XX

0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.090.30.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.190.40.20 0.20.00 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.40 0.20.20 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.290.30.30X 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.390.40.40

b 0.203 hundredths 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 c 0 00

d

00

X

0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.40 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.40

XX

22

11

22

33

XX XX

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.70.00 0.00

33

44 44

55 55

0.8 0.8

0.9 0.9

0.8 0.8 0.1 0.1

e D This can be doneXX as an addition. 0.000.00 0.01 0.1 Keep points line. 0.02 0.03the 0.04 decimal 0.05 0.06X 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10in 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.000.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06X 0.07 0.08 0.090.10.10 0.11 0.12 0.13

0.14 0.15 0.14 0.15

0.10 + 1.01 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.18 1.11

0.9 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.190.20.20 0.19 0.20

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20

00

XX

11

Unit 30 Counting with fractions1 and decimals Page 30 XX 0 0

1

1 4 12 (The sequence is increasing by 34 .) 2 3.35 (The sequence is increasing by 0.30 (or 0.3).) 3 7 12 (The sequence is increasing by 2 12 .) 4 2.8 (Each division has ten parts. Each jump is of five small parts. The first ‘jump’ is from 0.8 to 1.3. Add jumps of 5. The next term after 1.3 is 1.8 and then 2.3 and finally 2.8.)

5 a 4 45 (The sequence is increasing by 45 .)

b 4.2 (The sequence is increasing by 0.6.) c 8.3 (The sequence is decreasing by 0.5. After 10.3 Mal would say: 9.8, 9.3, 8.8, 8.3.) d 2.55 (The sequence is increasing by 0.4.) e D (5  0.7 = 3.5. Add 0.3, the starting number, to get 3.8.)

0.1

0.2

6 5 (17 is 5 greater than 12. 12 + 5 = 17) Monday, Time: 6:15 (Count on 9 from 9:15.) 7 Day: 3 is the same as 6 8 5 10 9 79 (You can add the numerators because the denominators are

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20

0

X

1

the same.) is the same as 1 whole. Toni spent all her money. ! 0 (10 10 She had nothing left.)

Test 2 Page 32 1 20c (Five Milko Bars cost 5  96c = $4.80. There is no rounding. Trudy would get 20c change from the $5 tendered.) 2 Goods: perfume, meat pie; Services: taxi fare, dentist visit 3 $11 ($11.46 is closer to $11 than $12.) 4 $50 ($60 + $5 – $15 = $50) 5 8:45 (quarter to 9) on Sunday (Count back from 3:45.) 6 Day: Friday, Time: 18:45 (Michael finished reading at 12:15. Count back half an hour to 11.45, then subtract 5 h from 11:45.) 7 2 12 h (There are 2 full hours and 2 quarter hours between quarter to 4 after school and a quarter past 6.) 8 0.8, 0.99, 1.06, 1.35, 1.4 (Remember hundredths are small decimal fractions.) 9 4.5 (The sequence is increasing by 0.6. 3.9 + 0.6 = 4.5) ! 4 = 2 10

5

Test 3 (NAPLAN-style) Page 33 1 D (There is no rounding with card purchases.) 2 A (Round down to the nearest 10c for a cash sale.) 3 B 4 B ($85 – $40 – $2 = $43) 5 C (Vance left in the morning.) 6 B (21 – 12 = 9) 7 D (pm is afternoon. 12:00 + 4:30 = 16:30) 8 B (You can add the numerators because the denominators are the same. 2 + 5 = 7) 7 . 1 – 10 = 3 ) 9 A (1 = 10 10 10 1 1 D ( of 20 = 4. of 20 = 5. 4 + 5 = 9. 20 – 9 = 11) ! 5 4

Test 4 (NAPLAN-style) Page 34 of the price.)

2 B (Paul paid the exact cash amount.) 3 A (The debt is $53 – $37 = $16.) 4 A (Jim rounded to the nearest dollar: $4 + $11 + $18 + $12 = $45) 5 C (Count backwards 10 h from 4 am Sunday morning.) 6 B (2 h to 5:10 then another 30 min) 7 D (NZ time is 2 h ahead.) 8 B (The X would be 102 (or 15 ) the way between 1 and 2, which is not labelled.)

9 B (The sequence is increasing by 25 so 2 35 + 25 = 3.) ! C (Add the decimal amounts but keep 2.10 the points in line: 2.10.)

Year 6

+ 1.02 0.20 3.32

Unit 31 Introduction to percentages

Page 35 1 20%, 70%, 50%, 100% (Use the number line to line up the equivalent percentage.) 2 30%, 80%, 90%, 100% (Use the number line to line up the equivalent percentage.) 3 6, 30, $5, $25 (50% = 12 ) 4 3, 9, $8, $20 (10% = 101 ) 5 a 25%, 75%, 50%, 200% (Use the table to line up the equivalent percentage.) b 50%, 20%, 80%, 13% (Use the table to line up the equivalent percentage.) c 6, 18, $16, $40 (20% = 1 ) 5 2 1 d 8, 40, $4, $40 (40% = 5 ) e 4, 20, $25, $2.50 (25% = 4 )

Test 1 Page 31 1 compass and water 3 5c, 20c, 50c, $2 and $10 5 6:30 am (am = morning)

2 $5 (You round up.) 4 12 h (This is half a full day.)

A4



X

0.9

1 A (According to the receipt $0.30 (30c) is the GST component

X 1X

X

11

0.00

0.8



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Unit 32 Common discounts 1 18, 75, $22, $81 (50% = 2 ) 1 10, 40, $12, $30 (33.3% = 3 )

Unit 37 Goods and services tax

Page 36

1 ) 4

2 12, 40, $15, $35 (25% = 4 sunglasses 33.3% (13) of $15 = $5.

1 3

The sunglasses have a larger cash discount.) 5 a 36, 120, $45, $150 (75% = 34 ). Find 14 first then multiply by 3.

b 20, 80, $60, $100 (66.7% = 2 ). Find 1 first then multiply by 2. 3 3 c $63 (Take 25% ( 1 ) of $84 from $84. $84 – $21= $63) 4 d D ( The microwave cost 1 (25%) of its original price. 4 $72 – $18 = $54) e C (Find 25% ( 1 ) of $40 then take that amount from $40. 4 $40 – $10 = $30)

Unit 33 Discounts in 10% units 1 7, 25, $4, $17 (10% = 10) 16, 60, $24, $48 (40% = 4 10

Page 41 1 Goods: spaghetti, comb, hair dye, oil; Services: taxi fares, school fees, bike repairs 2 $8.80 (10% of $8.00 is 80c. $8.00 + 80c = $8.80) 3 $2.20 (10% of $22.00 is $2.20.) 4 $1.50 (10% of $15.00 is $1.50.) 5 a Goods: textbooks, envelope, thermometer, kitten, pills; Services: sports coaching, parking fee b $12 (10% of $120 = $12) c $2.40 (10% of $24.00 = $2.40) d A (10% of $13.50 = $1.35) e $2 (10% GST is included in the price. There are 11 lots of 10% in the price: the value of the goods price + another 10%. $22 ÷ 11 = $2. You might be able to work it backwards: $20 + 10%  $20 = $20 + $2 = $22.) Unit 38 Interest

Page 37

2 4, 2, $10, $40 (20% = 10 2 ) 5

1 2 or 3 4 $81 (10% of $90 = $9. $902– $91= $81) (20% = 10 or 5 ) b 20, 40, $32, $60 5 a 9, 20, 4$30, $100 2

or

1 ) 5

Page 42

1 D (10% of $2001 = $20) 2 $60.50 (10% (10) of $55 = $5.50. Mr Graham will have to

5

repay $60.50 ($55.00 + $5.50.) 3 A (20% ( 15 ) of $1000 = $200. Emily has to repay $1200: $1000 + $200.) 4 $2100 (40% (104 or 25 ) of $1500 = $600. Jasper will repay $1500 + $600 = $2100.) 5 a $55 (10% of $50 = $5. $50 + $5 = $55)

10

b $525 (5% ( 100 or 20) of $500 = $25. Les will have $525 in his account. $500 + $25 = $525. A quick tip for finding 5% is to calculate 10%, then halve the amount.)

(40% = 10 or )

c $27 (10% ( 1 ) of $30 = $3. Price paid: $30 – $3 = $27) 10 d D (If 10% ( 1 ) is $300 then the full amount will be $3000 10 ($300  10).) e C (40% ( 4 or 2 ) of $80 = $32. $80 – $32 = $48 still owing) 5

Unit 34 Parts of whole dollar amounts Page 38

1 $2.50, $12.50, $15.50, $31.50, $50.50 (50%1 = 12 ) 2 $1.50, $2.50, $1.10, $3.30, $8.50 (10% = 10) 1 $1.50, $0.50 (50c) (25% = ) 3 $0.25 (25c), $2.50, 4 4 $1.80 (10% (101 ) of $18 = $1.80) 5 a $2.25, $20.50, $8.50, $1.15, $3.50 (50% = 12 )

1

5

c A (25% = 1 . $1600 ÷ 4 = $400) 4

d $1680 (5% ( 5 = or 4 ) of $1600 = $80. $1600 + $80 = $1680) 100 4

1

b $1.90, $3.30, $4.50, $1.50, $0.30 (30c) (10% = 10 ) c $11.70 (10% ( 1 ) of $13 = $1.30 10 The ticket price: $13 – $1.30 = $11.70) d D ($50% of $21 = $10.50 (half the hire cost)) e B ($16 – $1.60 = $14.40)

Unit 35 More on parts of whole dollar amounts Page 39

1 $0.50 (50c), $2.50, $3.00, $2.20 (10% = 101 ) 2 1 (20% = 10 or 5 ) 2 $0.20 (20c), $0.40 (40c), $1.60, $6.60 $8.80 (40% = 4 or 2 ) 3 $1.60, $4.80, $7.20, 10 5 4 $11.20 (20% ( 15 ) of $56 = $11.20) 5 a $0.45 (45c), $4.10, $1.70, $0.23 (23c), $0.90 (90c)1 (10% = 101 ) b $1.90, $3.30, $4.57, $1.50, $0.30 (30c) (10% = 10) c $4.80 (20% ( 1 ) of $24 is $4.80.) 5 4 2 d C (Divide $25 by 5 then multiply by 2. 40% = 10 or 5 ) e A (Total normal ticket cost for two = $30. 30% ( 3 ) of $30 = $9. $30 – $9 = $21) 10

Unit 36 More on parts of whole dollar amounts Page 40

1 $4.10, $2.45, $5.59, $12.20 (10% = 101 ) 2 $0.30 (30c), $0.60 (60c), $2.55, $0.997(30% = 103 ) 3 $2.80, $8.40, $12.95, $31.43 (70% = 10) 9 4 $2.85 (Matt will get a discount of $25.65. 90% (10) of

$28.50 = $25.65. $28.50 – $25.65 = $2.85. A simpler method may be to find 10% of $28.50 ($2.85).) 5 a $0.91 (91c), $0.70 (70c), $1.01, $10.23, $5.00 (10% = 101 ) b $6.80, $1.34, $26.00, $6.00, $0.56 (56c) c $37.50 ($125.00 ÷ 10  3 = $37.50) 9 d $1.90 (The discount will be $17.10. 90% (10 ) of $19.00 = $17.10. $19.00 – $17.10 = $1.90. A simpler method may be to find 10% of $19.00 ($1.90).) e Both are the same. (30% of $40 = $12. 40% of $30 = $12)

2

10

4

Unit 39 Fees and commissions 5 $19 000 (5% (100

1

Page 43

1 or 20) of $20 000 = $1000. $20 000 – $1000 =

$19 000. The landowner will receive $19 000.)

2 $2250 (10% (101 ) of $2500 = $250. $2500 – $250 = $2250.

The owner will receive $2250.) 1 ) of $250 = $2.50. Remember 1% is $1 in every $100.) 3 $2.50 (1% (100 12 . 4 B (Write the charge as1 a fraction of the total amount: 120 This simplifies to 10, which is 10%.) 1 5 or 20) of $400 = $20. $400 – $20 = $380) 5 a $380 (5% ( 100 1

b $3200 (10% (10) of $32 000 = $3200) 2

1

c $72 (20% (10 or 5 ) of $60 = $12. $60 + $12 = $72) 15 d C (Write the fee as a fraction of the total amount: 60. 1 This simplifies to , which is 25%.) 4 30 e C (Write the fee as a fraction of the total amount: 120 . This simplifies to 1 , which is 25%.) 4

Unit 40 Special deals

Page 44 1 2.80 280 10% ( = = = 10%) 1 $28.00

2800

10

of 2 B (Two packets would cost $6 instead of $8. This is a saving 2

$2. Write the saving as a fraction of the total amount: . 8 This simplifies to 1 , which is 25%.) 4 1 3 $27 (Three T-shirts would normally cost $36. 25% ( 4 ) of $36 = $9. The sale price would be $36 – $9 = $27.) 4 D (Two Milko bars would normally cost $4. With this deal they cost $2. Write the saving as a fraction of the total amount: 2 . This simplifies to 1 , which is 50%.) 4

2


1

e $300 (40% (10 or 5 ) of $1500 = $600. 20% (10 or 5 ) of $1500 = $300. $600 – $300 = $300)

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5 a 25% (The normal cost is $48. The special price is $36: a saving 12 of $12. Write the saving as a fraction of the total amount: 48. This simplifies to 1 , which is 25%.) 4 9 b $4.50 (90% (10) of $45.00 = $40.50. $45.00 – $40.50 = $4.50. A simpler method may be to find 10% of $45.00: $4.50.) c $2.75 (10% of $27.50 = $2.75) d $9 (10% of $88.00 = $8.80. This rounds to $9.) e C (Two diaries would cost $8. With this deal they cost $4. Write the saving as a fraction of the total amount: 4 . 8 This simplifies to 1 , which is 50%.) 2

Unit 41 Vertical timetables

Page 45 1 11:15 (Look at the time (or clock) for the start of the first period after recess.) 2 1 h (Science starts at half past 1 (1:30) and finishes at half past 2 (2:30) when Sport commences.) 3 Science and Sport (They both go for 1 h. The other periods are 45 min each.) 4 7: 45 (quarter to 8. The first period starts at 8:15. Half an hour earlier is 7:45.) 5 a 1:30 (Look at the time (or clock) for the start of the first period after Music, which is Science.) b 45 min (Recess starts at 10:30 and finishes at 11:15.) c 2:30 (Meg left before Sport starts.) d 8:30 (15 min after the start of 8:15 is 8:30.) e A (There are 7 h from half past 8 to half past 3. Then add an extra 15 min for the time from 8:15 to 8:30.) Unit 42 Weekly timetables Page 46 1 four (Count the number of Chinese lessons across rows or down columns.) 2 History (Look at the column for Tuesday and find the first lesson on that day.) 3 1 h (from 3:45 to 4:45, the close of school) 4 Friday (at 1:45) 5 a one (on Friday) b Religion (Find Friday then count down to the fifth lesson on that day.) c Between 1 pm and 1:45 d Friday (period 3) e French (one period) Unit 43 Weekly homework timetables Page 47 1 two times (Tuesday and Thursday) 2 Friday at 4 pm 3 2 h (Monday and Wednesday) 4 9 pm (Her last study period is at 8 o’clock. She will finish at 9 o’clock.) 5 a twice (Wednesday and Thursday) b Monday at 7 pm c 8 o’clock (after she has finished Mathematics) d between 6 pm and 7 pm e A Briony will be having free time. Unit 44 Weekly school timetables

Page 48

1 Time

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

School arrival time 8:45–9:15

4 Assembly

9:15–10:05 10:05–10:55

1 Reading

10:55–11:20

RECESS

11:20–12:10

5 b Science

Art

12:10–12:50 LUNCH 1:30–2:20

5d Sport

2:20–3:00 3:00–3:10 3:10

A6

5a

BUS LINES

2 25 min (10:55 to 11:20) 3 between 12:50 and 1:30 5 c 50 min (1:30 to 2:20) e between 3:00 and 3:10 Unit 45 Weekly timetables: 24 hour time

Page 49 half past 1 or 1:30 Science 9:00 to 9:30 (half an hour) 1 2 3 six (Science, Maths, two for Indonesian Literacy, English Literacy, IT) 4 D (IT finishes at 15:00 which is 1500 hours. An hour later is 1600 hours.) 5 a 7 h 30 min (7:30 to 15:00) b 2:15 (Subtract 12 from the 24-hour time.) c D (Richard left for home at 4 o’clock.) d 1 h 30 min (2  45 min) e 4 h 15 min (30 min + 45 min + 1 h 30 min + 45 min + 45 min. Do not include Interclass club groups, PE or Career information.) Unit 46 Train timetables

Page 50

1 45 min (As both times are in the same hour, simply subtract 14 from 59: 59 – 14 = 45.) 2 False (To work out the return duration, subtract 4 from 49: 49 – 4 = 45 min. Both trips are the same duration.) 3 21 min (The difference between 2:08 and 2:29 is 2:29 – 2:08 = 21 min.) 4 D (Most sections are 2 or 3 minutes. The section from Metford to Thornton on the return trip is 4 min.) 5 a 13 min (The difference between 2:04 and 2:17 is

2:17 – 2:04 = 13 min.) b 5 min (The difference between 1:59 and 2:04 is 2:04 – 1:59 = 5 min.) c 14:49 (pm times are afternoon times. Add 12 to the hours. 2:49 + 12 = 14:49.) d B (7 min or the difference between 1:49 (Victoria St) and 1:56 (Maitland): 1:56 – 1:49 = 7) e 1 h 3 min (the difference between 1:30 (going) and 2:33 (return): 2:33 – 1:30 = 1 h 3 min)

Unit 47 Overnight timetables

Page 51 1 Gladstone (Read down the pm times.) 2 5 h (The minutes are the same so just find the difference in hours: 10:36 – 5:36 = 5.) 3 10 min (The Spirit arrives in Rockhampton at 11:31 and leaves at 11:41: 11:41 – 11:31 = 10.) 4 3:15 pm (The train leaves Roma St at 3:45 pm. Half an hour before that is 3:15 pm.) 5 a Ingham (Read down the am times.) b 4 h 30 min (The Spirit arrives at Gladstone at 10:10 pm and arrives at Carmila at 2:40 am. Work out how long from 10:10 to midnight (1 h 50 min) then add the am time (2 h 40 min): 1.50 + 2.40 = 3 h 90 min = 4 h 30 min. c 6:02 am (Read down the pm times. Take care not to stop at Proserpine arrive.) d 2 h 2 min (Aaron gets on at 10:52 am at Tully and disembarks at 12:54 pm at Tully. To work out the length of time before and after midday first work out how long to midday and then add the pm time after midday: 1 h 8 min + 0:54 min = 2 h 2 min. Or subtract 12:54 – 10:52 = 2:02) e Rockhampton (11:41 pm) and St Lawrence (2:03 am) Unit 48 Time zones

Page 52

1 D (Go forward 3 h to 2 pm.) 2 13:30 (4:30 pm is an afternoon time. Go back 3 h for Perth time: 1:30 pm. This is 13:30 in 24-hour time.) 3 1:30 (Brisbane is 2 h behind Auckland. It has 2 h to ‘catch’ up.) 4 19:30 (You add 3 (hundred) hours to the Perth time.) 5 a 8:11 (New Zealand would be 2 hours further into the morning.)





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b 04:00, Friday (2 pm is just after noon on Friday. Paris is 10 hours behind. Go back 10 hours to get the time in Paris = 4 am (morning) on the same day.) X c 23:00, Saturday (2 am is just after midnight. At that time4it 2 3 would be 3 hours earlier in Perth (11 pm), which would still be Saturday late at night.) X 2 4 6 d 14:15 (Add 30 (minutes) to 13:45.) e 10:00 (or 22:00) (In Perth time the jet left Sydney at 7 pm. 0% 50% The flight time cancels out the time difference.) 25% 75% 0.0 0.5 Unit 49 Suburban bus timetables

1

Unit 50 World time zones

Page 54 Sunday (Look at the map. I travel ‘backwards’ one day after 1 crossing the International Date Line.) 2 3 (These may change with different seasons.) 3 Saturday (Misaki will arrive the next day after crossing the International Date Line.) 4 True (Japan is the same colour as Australia’s Central Zone. It is directly above the Australian zone.) 5 a China is the same colour as Western Australia’s zone. It is directly above WA. b 1 (The whole nation is the same shade of grey.) c 6 d 4 pm e B (Add 8 h to 4 pm.) Unit 51 Types of fractions

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1 2

(In each of these fractions the numerator is half the value of the denominator.) 2 62 (Multiply both the numerator and denominator16by 2:2 68 = 34 .) and denominator by 8: 24 = 3 .) 3 3 (Divide the1numerator 4 The3 order is 8 , 13 , 12 , 45 . 5 a 4 3 6 b 6 (Multiply both numerator and denominator by 2: 5 = 10.) 40 4 4 c (Divide the numerator and denominator by 10: 50 = .)

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d The order is 10, 2 , 3 , 7 . 3 4 8 1 e 3 4 (Divide 13 by 4. She has 3 1 oranges left over.)

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Unit 52 More on types of fractions

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3 3 , 2 7 (Divide 15 by 4 = 3 3 . Divide 23 by 8 = 2 7 .) 4 8 4 8 29 29 , (Multiply the whole number (5) by the denominator (5), 5 10 then add the numerator (4) = 29. Multiply the whole number 5 29 by 10, then add the tenths = 10.)

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3 9 (27 ÷ 3 = 9) 4 5 a 3 23 , 4 16 (Divide 11 by 3 = 3 23 . Divide 25 by 6 = 4 16 .) X

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(You have to estimate the position of the odd numbers— midway between the even numbers.) e 8 = 2 wholes. 4 = 1 . The difference is 1 1 . 4

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Unit 53 Adding 3 9 fractions 4

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1 108 = 45 , 69 = 23 2 85 = 1 35 = 1 4 or 1 2 3 58 ( 38 + 14 = 38 + 28 = 58 ) 4 14 5 10 10 9 3 12 4 1 a = b = 1 = 1 5 12 4 8 8 2 1

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c 10 + 10 = 10 = 2 d 8 = 1 8 1 e 5 (Change the halves to quarters: 1 2 + 1 1 + 1 3 = 4 5 = 5 1 . 4

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Or add 1 1 + 1 1 together first to get 3. Then add the 2 1 .) 2

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Unit 54 Subtracting fractions

1 105 = 12 2 5 a 48 = 12 12

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3 8 ( 8 8

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– 5 ) 3 10 – 10 = 10 = 3 8 5

4

8 3 5 – = =1 10 10 10 2

b 10 – 9 = 1 9

c 12– 12 = 12 = 3 4 e

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3 16 5 18 ( 8 – 8

10

10

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d 6 – 2 = 4 = 1

8 8 8 2 11 3 = 8 = 1 . One whole slab of cake was used with 8

three pieces from the second slab.)

Unit 55 Fractions and whole numbers

Page 59

1 3 21 (If 3 is 7, then 3 = 21.) 2 1 5 25 (If 5 is 10, then 5 = 5 and 5 = 25.) 3 1 10 20 (If 10 is 6, then 10 = 2 and 10 = 20.) 20 (If 1 is 10, then 2 =20.) 5 5 a 36 (If 1 is 9, then 4 = 36.) 4 4 b $36 (If 1 is $6, then 6 = $36.) 6 6 1 10 c 150 (If 10 is 15 apples, then 10 (full carton) = 150.) d 16 (If 3 is 12, then 1 = 4. 8 = 32. Half ( 4 ) = 16.) 8 8 8 8 8 1 e 15 (If is 40, then = (40 ÷ 8 = 5) and 3 = 15.) 8 8 8

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Unit 56 Adding decimals

Page 60 1 2.3, 2.8 (Remember: just one number after the decimal point.) 2 9.6 (Remember: just one number after the decimal point.) 3 9.81 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) 4 28.68 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) 5 a 4.6 (Remember: just one number after the decimal point.) b 8.89 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) c 59.31 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) d 37.58 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) e 1 + 9 + 1 + 4 = 15; 2 + 9 + 5 + 3 = 19; the higher total = 19 Unit 57 Subtracting decimals

Page 61

1 4.2, 2.14 (Keep the decimal points aligned.) 2 3.8 (Do this as a whole number subtraction but keep the decimal points aligned.) 3 12.79 (Do this as a whole number subtraction but keep the decimal points aligned.) 4 5.58 (Do this as a whole number subtraction but keep the decimal points aligned.)

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© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74125 590 4 1 3

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0 4 2 53 4 Page 1 3 1 7 stops (Do not count the interchanges at each end.) 2 2:05 (The last bus to be in Palmerston before0 3 o’clock arrives at 2:41. It leaves Darwin at 2:05.) 3 14 min (Add the numbers of minutes given under the stop names: 7 + 4 + 3 = 14.) 4 12:18 (Find 11:55 in the first column and follow the row across to the Thorak column.) 5 a 0 stops (Museum is the next stop after Winnellie.) b 35 min (Add the numbers of minutes given under the stop names: 3 + 7 + 4 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 8 = 35.) c 8:50 (The bus which leaves Parap Rd at 8:50 arrives in Palms at 9:07. There is no later bus which arrives in Palms before 10 o’clock.) d 4:42 Find 4:29 in the Winnellie column and follow the row across to the Palms column.) e 1 h 5 min (Ben arrives in Berrimah at 11:10. Jake arrives in Berrimah at 12:15.) 1

51 19

b 7 , 2 (Multiply the whole number by 7 then add the sevenths = 51 . Multiply the whole number by 2 then 7 19 add the halves = 2 . ) c 8 (80 ÷ 10 = 8)

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X 2

5 a 0.3, 5.6 (Keep the decimal points aligned.) b 7.2 (Keep the decimal points aligned.) c 48.75 (Keep the decimal points aligned.) d 36.35 (Keep the decimal points aligned.) e 6 (24 – 18 = 6), 9 (40 – 31 = 9)

Unit 58 Multiplying decimals

Page 62 1 4.2, 5.5, 9.0 (Remember: just one number after the decimal point.) 2 9.6, 6.9, 10.0 (Remember: just one number after the decimal point.) 3 8.72, 23.45, 211.50 (or 211.5) (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) 4 156.45, 301.32, 268.32 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) 5 a 42.7, 12.0, 81.0 (Remember: just one number after the decimal point.) b 10.8, 14.4, 15.0 (Remember: just one number after the decimal point.) c 16.56, 38.16, 141.00 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) d 125.16, 301.98, 224.32 (Remember: two numbers after the decimal point.) e 12.30, 120.00, 3.40, 34.00; Move the decimal point one place to the right when multiplying by 10 and two places when multiplying by 100. Unit 59 Dividing decimals

Page 63

1 3.4, 1.3, 4.1 (Keep the decimal points aligned.) 2 6.7, 5.75, 4.29 3 7.65, 4.65, 8.79 (To complete these you need to add a zero at the end of the decimal being divided.) 4 6.74, 5.15, 115.85 (Remember to add the decimal point in the quotient aligned with the decimal point in the dividend.) 5 a 13.2, 14.3, 8.2 (Remember: just one number after the

decimal point.) b 7.65, 5.76, 4.41 (Divide across the decimal point but add a point aligned with that point in the quotient.) c 13.95, 3.45, 9.93 (To complete these you need to add a zero at the end of the decimal being divided.) d 16.86, 15.2, 13.3 e $6.75, $7.65, $50.78. (Decimal currency is treated just the same as other decimals but you always need two decimal places.)

Unit 60 Multiplying and dividing decimals by 10s and 100s Page 64 1 13.0, 215.0, 84.10, 160.9 (Move the decimal point one place to the right when multiplying by 10.) 2 1.25, 5.23,10.21, 0.06 (Move the decimal point one place to the left when dividing by 10.) 3 443.0, 65.2, 384.1, 770.7 (Move the decimal point one place to the right when multiplying by 10.) 4 5.85, 9.43, 20.01, 0.09 (Move the decimal point one place to the left when dividing by 10.) 5 a 4.0, 35.0, 46.8, 122.1 (Move the decimal point one place to the right when multiplying by 10.) b 0.06, 0.88, 6.78, 12.34 (Move the decimal point one place to the left when dividing by 10.) c 513.0, 33.4, 318.7, 600.6 (Move the decimal point one place to the right when multiplying by 10.) d 2.854, 1.866, 25.015, 0.070 (Move the decimal point one place to the left when dividing by 10.) e $45.60, $8.90, $122.30 (Move the decimal point one place to the right when multiplying by 10.) $0.47, $1.20, $2.55 (Move the decimal point one place to the left when dividing by 10.)

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Test 5 Page 65 X X (30c), the 2 4 $0.956 (95c), 8$3.82, $1202 (You move 4 6 decimal 8 1 $0.30 point one place to the left to find 10%.)

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3 $108 (Wayne’s discount will be $12: $120 – $12 = $108.)

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4 Sunday (2 hours) 5 10 hours (Five hours to 12 noon then five more to 5 pm.) 6 1 h 40 min (The coffee shop closed at 1:00 pm. Jen arrived at 2:40.) 7 12:45 (3 h 15 min after 9:30) 8 14 (You can see the numerator is a quarter of the denominator.) 9 ! 68 = 34 2

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Test 6 Page 66

4 2 $800 (40% = 10 or 5 ) 1 $16, $6, $24.80, 4 2 $15 (90% (10) of $150.00 = $135.00. $150.00 – $135.00 = $15.00. A simpler method may be to find 10% of $150.) 3 $66 (Mr Gray has to pay $11 interest. 20% = 15 . 15 of $55 = $11. He repays $55 plus $11.) 4 $2880 (Take 10% of $3200 ($320) from $3200 = $2880.) 5 21:15 (9:15 pm is 21:15 in 24-hour digital time.) 6 1 h 5 min 7 12:00 bus (The plane leaves at 2 pm or 14:00. The family will

need to catch the 12:00 bus from Garet to be at the airport at 13:05. The next bus is too late.)

8 5 12 (Add the fractions: 14 + 34 + 24 (or 12 ) = 64 or 1 12 . 1Add the 1

whole numbers: 2 + 1 + 1 = 4. Add the answers: 1 + 4 = 5 .) 2 2 9 32 (If 38 of the number = 12, then 18 of the number = 4. 88 (1 whole) of the number = 32.) ! 32.27 (There are two numbers after the decimal point.) Test 7 (NAPLAN-style) Page 67

1 C3 ( 34 of the amount is left to pay: 14 of the amount = $21;

of the amount = $63.) 4 B 2 (20% = 15 ; 15 of $24 = $4.80) 3 A (10% of $15.60 = $1.56) 4 B (It takes 5 min longer than 1 h.) 5 C (Dad arrives at the airport at 17:35. Take 12 hours from this time to get analog time: 5:35.) 6 B (There are four after 10:00: 10:05, 10:20, 10:35 and 10:50.) 7 D (Add the decimals then add the whole numbers.) 8 C (Keep the points aligned when subtracting.) 9 C (Two numbers after the decimal point.) ! A (Move the decimal point one place to the right when multiplying by 10.) Test 8 (NAPLAN-style) Page 68 $500 = $3000) 1 D (20% = 15 . 15 of $2500 = $500. $2500 + $15 15 5 ) = 100 or 2 B (Change the charge to a percentage = $300 (or 300 5%.) would be $15. The 3 C (The usual cost of 5 Ice-Kold Refreshers $3 1

buyer gets them for $12. This is $3 off: $15 = 5 or 20%.) 4 D (There are 6 departing services: 9:00, 9:12, 9:24, 9:36, 9:48 and 10:00.) 5 A (The bus leaves Swindon at 12:52 and arrives at Bristol Temple Meads at 13:24: 32 min later.) 6 C (13:40 = 20 to 2) 7 C (The bus makes stops at 12:44, 13:03, 13:20, 13:35 and 13:40: five stops.) 8 D (If 23 of the money = $3.80 then 13 of the money = $1.90: 33 of the money = $5.70.) 9 A (Divide across the decimal point but add a point aligned with that point in the quotient.) ! B (Move the decimal point one place to the left when dividing by 10.)





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Basic Skills

Basic Skills

Years 5– 6 Ages 10 –12 years old In this book you will find: ✓ A focus on the NAPLAN and Australian Curriculum ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

topics: Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals Sixty units of work covering these topics in depth Units packed with exercises Many challenging problem-solving questions NAPLAN-style test revision

This book will help your child excel in the Australian Curriculum and NAPLAN topics of Money, Time, Fractions and Decimals. Tips, explanations and numerous exercises are provided in each unit to ensure your child gains the necessary mastery of these important syllabus areas. Upon completing this book, your child will feel confident in these topics.

About the authors Alan Horsfield and Elaine Horsfield have more than 60 years teaching experience between them in primary schools, ranging from the classroom to senior school management. Alan spent several years working at the UNSW Educational Testing Centre and is still involved in writing assessment programs. Elaine worked with secondary students as coordinator of the Talent Development Project. Alan is author of many Excel test practice books, including titles in the following series: NAPLAN*-style Tests; NAPLAN*-style Literacy Tests; NAPLAN*-style Numeracy Tests; Revise in a Month NAPLAN*-style Tests; Excel Test Zone NAPLAN*-style Test Packs; Opportunity Class Tests; and Selective Schools and Scholarship Tests.

Your own checklist for Excel books for Years 5–6 Ages 10–12 children: Bookseller reference

Books

Level

✓

Core books: 978-1-86441-276-5 978-1-86441-277-2

Excel Basic Skills English and Mathematics Excel Basic Skills English and Mathematics

Year 5 Year 6

English books: 978-1-74125-167-8 978-1-74125-164-7 978-1-86441-283-3 978-1-86441-285-7 978-1-74020-047-9

Excel Basic Skills Basic Reading Skills Excel Basic Skills Building Your Vocabulary Skills Excel Basic Skills Spelling and Vocabulary Excel Basic Skills Grammar and Punctuation Excel Basic Skills Writing Skills

Years Years Years Years Years

5–6 5–6 5–6 5–6 5–6

Years Years Years Years

3–6 5–6 5–6 5–6

Mathematics books: 978-1-86441-290-1 978-1-86441-287-1 978-1-86441-289-5 978-1-74020-051-6

Excel Excel Excel Excel

Basic Basic Basic Basic

Skills Skills Skills Skills

Fractions, Decimals and Percentages Addition and Subtraction Multiplication and Division Problem Solving

Science book: 978-1-74020-044-8

Excel Basic Skills Science and Technology

Years 5–6 ISBN 978-1-74125-590-4

Excel Test Zone


Help your child prepare with our H * N -style and Australian Curriculum Tests. FREE NAPLAN www.exceltestzone.com.au *This isi nott an offi *Thi fficially i ll endorsed d publication of the NAPLAN program and is produced by Pascal Press independently of Australian governments.

Pascal Press PO Box 250 Glebe NSW 2037 (02) 8585 4044 www.pascalpress.com.au 9 781741 255904


5–6

Years


MONEY, TIME, FRACTIONS AND DECIMALS Years 5–6 Ages 10–12


Ages

10 –12

Sixty self-contained units Four Revision Tests Four NAPLAN-style Tests

t! n a W u o Y ts l u s e Ge t t he R

Alan Horsfield & Elaine Horsfield

9781741255904_EBS Money Time and Fractons Years 5- 6 COVER.indd 1

25/08/2016 10:24 AM