Report - Global Green Growth Forum

Report Global Green Growth Forum 8-9 October 2012, Copenhagen

Resource Efficiency and Growth

3GF Partners Official Corporate Partners

Government Partners

Corporations

Institutional

Media Partners

3GF Organisers

3GF Secretariat: E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +45 33 92 00 00 www.globalgreengrowthforum.com

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Postal address: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark Asiatisk Plads 2 DK-1448 Copenhagen K

Publisher: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark Design: Monokrom

Preface The Global Green Growth Forum 2012 confirmed its strength as a forum for exchanging ideas and fostering concrete cooperation on speeding up the transition to a green growth path. On October 8-9 2012, 250 leaders from around the world, representing government, business, international organizations, and civil society, came together to discuss how to advance this transition. Against the backdrop of the global economic slowdown, focus was naturally on new sources of growth and job creation and clearly green growth offers such a potential while at the same time reducing the negative impact on the environment and resources. The Global Green Growth Forum in Copenhagen showed that there is a strong commitment and leadership amongst some of the world’s key public and private decision-makers on driving the green transition forward. In this report we have the pleasure of sharing with you the highlights from the nearly 40 interactive sessions that took place during the 2-day forum, all focussing on how to achieve better resource efficiency through public-private cooperation across

Villy Søvndal Minister for Foreign Affairs Denmark

sectors and countries at the national and international level. I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to the many people who came to Copenhagen and contributed to bringing forward green growth through concrete action. Together with our partner countries the Republic of Korea, Mexico, China, Kenya and Qatar, Denmark is committed to continue to follow up on the many recommendations and actions arising from the Forum including in relevant international processes. The Danish Government looks forward to working with our many partners over the next 12 months and to once again welcome green growth leaders in Copenhagen for 3GF 2013 that will take place 21-22 October 2013.

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Index 3 Preface 5 Programme

3GF2012

6

Summary of Proceedings

10

PPP Sessions

26

Plenary Sessions

34

In Conversation Plenaries with Green Growth Leaders

46

Country Sessions

54

Breakfast Sessions

62

Opening Statements •

Ms Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime Minister, Denmark

•

Mr Hwang-sik Kim, Prime Minister, Republic of Korea

•

Mr Juan Rafael Elvira Quesada, Minister for Environment and Natural Resources, Mexico

•

Mr Liu Qi, Vice Minister National Energy Administration, China

•

H.E. Abdullah bin Hamad Al-Attiyah, Deputy Prime Minister, Chairman of the Administrative Control and Transparency Authority, Qatar

•

78

Official 3GF Dinner speech •

86

Hon. Prof. Peter Anyang’ Nyong’o, Minister of Public Health, Kenya

Mr Jeremy Oppenheim, Director, McKinsey& Company

List of participants

Programme

1

DAY

MONDAY

8 October 2012

Programme

2

DAY

TUESDAY 9 October 2012

Opening session

09:00-10:00

Breakfast Sessions

08:00-09:30 Resource Efficiency and Growth : Plenary Hall

10:00-11:30

A

Food Futures

11:30-12:00

Break

B

Green Innovation Project

12:00-13:30

Country sessions:

C

Biofuels for Aviation

(Lunch served in sessions)

A

Morocco

E

Green Business Models

B

China

R

Green Growth Best Practices Initiative

C

Turkey

D

Indonesia

E

Germany

F

Brazil

O

Hydrogen for Transport Odd Fellow Palace (Across the road from Moltkes Palace)

Mega-Partnerships:

09:45-11:00

Blending International and Local Collaboration for Scaled Impact

13:30-13:45

Break

11:00-11:30

Break

13:45-14:45

In Conversation Plenaries with Green Growth Leaders:

11:30-13:15

PPP Strategy Sessions

Making Resource Efficient Growth Inclusive

(Lunch served in sessions)

A

Cities and Urban Water Leakage

B

Power System Transformation

C

Energy Efficiency Indicators (Motor Systems)

D

Trade to Scale up Renewable Energy

Energy for All

E

Financing Green Growth

Green Job Creation

F

Procurement and Private Finance Initiatives

A

Green Finance

B

Sustainable Cities

C

Innovative finance for energy efficiency in buildings

D

International Cooperation

E F 14:45-15:15

Break

15:15-17:00

PPP Strategy Sessions

13:15-14:00

Break

14:00-15:00


Breakthroughs for Resource Efficient Growth

A

C40 Cities and Green Growth

B

Energy Efficiency Finance

C

Water - action in developing countries

E

Bio-based Growth

F

Natural Capital Accounting 15:15-15:45

17:00-17:45

Break

17:45-18:45

Technology and Green Growth:

A

Water Security

C

Renewable Energy and New Business Models

D

Capital Markets

F

Economic Growth Strategies

Closing session: Reflexions on the way forward

The quantum change

5

Summary of Proceedings The 2nd Global Green Growth Forum took place on

The overarching theme of the 3GF 2012 was resource

8-9 October, bringing together 250 business, public

efficiency and growth. Recognizing that a return to

and civil society leaders committed to advancing in-

higher growth rates and employment continue to be

clusive green growth. The fragile global economic re-

at the forefront of politics across the globe, the 3GF

covery remains an important and challenging back-

2012 explored the economics and the broader politi-

drop, but the assembled leaders recognise that as

cal economy of green growth. The Forum found that

growth picks up again across the globe, there cannot

greening the global economy offers opportunities for

be a return to business as usual. Acknowledging the

businesses, communities and nations. This is under-

deliberations and outcomes of 2012 G20 Summit in

pinned for example by the growing markets in clean

Los Cabos and in particular Rio +20, the discussion

technology

focused on concrete actions to contribute to the im-

green through enhancing resource efficiency and pro-

plementation of “The Future we want”. Sustainable,

ductivity is increasingly seen as important parts of

inclusive growth patterns must be rapidly established

improving competitiveness both at company and na-

to ensure that prosperity can be sustained also in the

tional level. The need to work with green growth is-

long run.

sues at the city and regional level was highlighted,

and

renewables.

Furthermore,

going

such as the suggestion from IADB to collaborate with The Global Green Growth Forum is a unique platform

the Global Green Growth Forum to boost green

to catalyse partnerships that can rapidly bring to

growth also in the Caribbean and the Latin-American

scale green growth opportunities. Realizing the po-

region.

tentials of green growth requires the effective mobilization at scale of financial, technological and human

There was a need to increase the sense of urgency to

capital. This will only be possible if governments and

act. Arguments for postponing the transition efforts

the private sector collaborate at the local, national

until after the current economic crises were dis-

and the international levels to overcome barriers, and

missed by compelling evidence, presented by various

create the right incentives for actors to innovate and

institutions during 3GF, that the cost of inaction

invest.

would be even greater.

The Global Green Growth Forum was opened by the

Leadership from all stakeholders is needed to speed

Prime Minister of Denmark, Helle Thorning-Schmidt,

up the transition to green growth, taking into account

and by the partner countries represented by the

national priorities. In particular political leadership

Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea, Hwang-sik

was needed to create an enabling framework for

Kim, and the Minister of Environment and Natural Re-

businesses to act. The political economy of green

sources from Mexico, Juan Rafael Elvira Quesada.

economy will need to be understood when moving

Then followed speeches by the new partners: Vice

forward to ensure broad support. The importance of

Minister National Energy Administration from China,

social mobilization in support of green growth was

Liu Qi; Chairman of the Administrative Control and

underlined.

Transparency Authority of Qatar and the Incoming President of COP18, HE Abdullah bin Hamad Al-Atti-

Closing the gap in financing for the transition to a

yah; and the Minister for Medical Services from Ken-

green growth pathway was highlighted as one of the

ya, Peter Anyang’Nyong’o. The broad geographical

most urgent needs. Key is to catalyse private invest-

composition of the partner countries underscores the

ment through financial innovation, and leverage

global relevance of the issues discussed at the 3GF

scarce public finance and ensure investment grade

and the interest in pursuing sustainable solutions

public policies. The need to reduce fossil fuel subsi-

through international collaboration and building of

dies and divert investments currently flowing into

new alliances.

carbon intensive development into green growth was

6

highligted. Several partnerships launched and pro-

evant experiences from six countries: Brazil, China,

gressed at the 3GF were specifically about financial

Germany, Indonesia, Morocco, and Turkey. In order to

innovation, with particular focus on energy efficiency

exploit the unique character of the 3GF, the focus

financing and the design of more effective financial

was on public private partnerships in bringing forward

instruments for ensuring country and political risk.

sustainable solutions at country level. The sessions facilitated cross country learning and pointed to com-

Climate change and natural resource depletion dispro-

monalities for advancing green growth at country lev-

portionately impact poorer countries with developing

el, including political leadership, private sector entre-

countries facing the gravest consequences whilst

preneurship, and innovative financing schemes.

lacking resources to address these impacts of upscale opportunities. The 3GF emphasised the inclusiveness

3GF provided an exceptional opportunity to engage

aspects of the green growth agenda when designing

directly in dialogue between high-level business and

new initiatives.

political leaders through a number of smaller plenary settings. High level speakers `stepped off the stage`

Technological innovation and in particular disruptive

and spent 60 minutes probing, and being probed, on

innovations are essential elements in the transition

their role, experience and hopes for advancing green

to green growth, as well as diffusion and adaption of

growth through public-private collaboration across

green technologies, particular in developing coun-

sectors. These smaller plenaries was staged in two

tries. Key is new ways of bringing known and new

series over the two days, focusing on the following

technologies together, changing services provided,

themes, Day One: “Making Resource Efficient Growth

and use ICTs more effectively to advance integration

Inclusive” and Day Two: “Breakthroughs for Resource

e.g. smart cities, smart girds etc. The importance of

Efficient Growth”.

good framework conditions was highlighted. It was pointed out that carbon pricing remain essential in

3GF 2012 featured Public Private Strategy Sessions

promoting low carbon technologies and technologies

designed to explore and bring forward concrete sug-

to enhance resource efficiency.

gestions and recommendations on aspects of green growth where public and private action is needed. 11

The 3GF also offered an opportunity to review recent

Public Private Partnerships were discussed and

years’ experience with mega-partnerships involving

brought forward. They are all presented in the annex.

private and public actors also at a global scale. These

Highlighted outcomes from the sessions include:

Mega Partnerships, that include Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All), the Green Growth Action Alliance

3GF launched a public private partnership to ac-

(G2A2), the Global Dry Land Alliance (GDLA) and the

celerate policy innovation in support of power

Water Resources Group (WRG), exemplify how to cre-

sector transformation. This Partnership is based on

ate large scale partnerships, international impacts

the 21st Century Power Partnership (21 CPP). Recog-

and outcomes. At the same time, the discussion em-

nizing the critical role that the power sector plays in

phasized the importance of local solutions and local

achieving green growth, the Partnership will engage

implementation, the need to have a dedicated core of

the private sector in advancing policies for reliable,

public and private organisations involved, to stay fo-

affordable, equitable, and clean electricity systems.

cused on where the partnerships can make a differ-

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is

ence, keep flexible and ensure broad distribution and

leading this initiative.

uptake of lessons learned. 3GF pioneered a European PPP on promoting Recognizing that there is not one model for achieving

sustainable bio-based growth through securing fi-

green growth, the Forum featured discussions of rel-

nance for shared research and innovation facilities to

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the amount 3.8 billion EUR. The importance of reach-

Possibilities for new public private partnerships were

ing to civil society was recognised. The partners in-

explored in a number of informal breakfast sessions.

clude the European Commission, Novozymes and oth-

There was great interest in exploring further possibil-

er bio-based industries.

ities for establishing partnerships in the areas of food future to reduce food loss and waste; green innova-

3GF launched a new PPP on energy efficiency

tion, biofuels for aviation and green business models.

finance. This aims to create a new market for energy

These potential partnerships will now be further de-

efficiency services in industries through the banking

veloped with a view to bringing them forward in the

system. This will facilitate senior management’s deci-

context of the 3GF. Moreover, the sessions also illus-

sion making on concrete energy efficiency invest-

trated and discussed best practises and show-cased a

ment. Key partners are Institute for Industrial Produc-

concrete green solution: Hydrogen cars.

tivity, Global Green Growth Institute and HSBC.

The Way Ahead

3GF progressed a PPP on procurement and pri-

The conclusions and insights from the 3GF 2012 will

vate finance initiatives that will put in place pro-

be brought into high level international discussions

jects to position public procurement as a driver for

and forums on sustainable development and green

green growth. The PPP is led by International Insti-

growth. This includes the UNFCCC COP 18 to take

tute for Sustainable Development and includes part-

place in Doha, Qatar; and the further development of

ners from public sector (i.e. State Government of Sao

the Mega-Partnerships. Particular emphasis will be on

Paulo, Brazil), private sector (i.e. Philips, Danfoss, Abu

bringing sustainability aspects and green growth

Dhabi Sustainability Group).

knowledge and practices into the process initiated to develop sustainability development goals.

3GF launched a new PPP on Energy Efficiency Indicators in the area of motor systems, which rep-

The participants agreed to continue the work to con-

resent a huge and largely untapped, cost-effective

cretize and bring into action the many recommenda-

source for industrial energy savings. Development of

tions arising from the 3GF 2012 green growth agenda

indicators will help decision-makers and industry in

and to meet again 21-22 October 2013 to review pro-

rapid deployment of EE measures. UNIDO and Global

gress and devise new actions.

Green Growth Institute is leading this initiative and reaching out to private sector.

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9

PPP Sessions Outcome from the PPP Strategy Sessions at 3GF2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

C40 Cities and Green Growth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Energy Efficiency Finance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Water - Action in Developing Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Biobased Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Natural Capital Accounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Cities and Urban Water Leakage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Power System Transformation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Energy Efficiency Indicators (Motor Systems). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Trade to Scale up Renewable Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Financing Green Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Procurement and Private Finance Initiatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

10

PPP SESSION

Outcome from the PPP Strategy Sessions at 3GF2012 C40 Cities and Green Growth: The C40 Green

the European Commission with the aim of accelerat-

Growth Network chaired by the City of Copenhagen

ing innovation and research, boosting market uptake

had its first gathering at 3GF. The aim is to promote

and public awareness of bio-based products. The in-

best practices to cities around the world on how cit-

tension is to secure financing for shared research and

ies, the private sector and knowledge institutions can

innovation to the amount of 3.8 billion EUR. Partici-

work together to attract investments and create jobs

pants discussed overall objectives and long term vi-

while addressing environmental challenges. Going

sion as well as key milestones and prerequisites for

forward from this meeting, the partners agreed on

effective realization of the PPP.

cities’ key role in advancing green growth and the importance of political leadership and emphasising the

Natural Capital Accounting: Participants discussed

need for support at the national level.

possible ways in which the public and private sectors can collaborate to include natural capital value in the

Energy Efficiency Financing: Building on a Europe-

accounting and decision-making of financial institu-

an Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)

tions and companies. It was agreed to continue the

model, the PPP initiative led by The Institute for In-

formulation of a framework and methodology to ac-

dustrial Productivity and the Global Green Growth In-

count for and report on natural capital to ensure that

stitute, will create a new market for energy efficiency

what preserves the value of nature does not impede

services in industries through the banking system – a

economic growth of business. The International Fi-

model that, in principle, can be developed and applied

nance Corporation (IFC) of the World Bank Group,

in any country or region. The PPP will address a num-

World Business Council for Sustainable Development

ber of key barriers to energy efficiency awareness in

(WBCSD), Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES), Al-

industries that utilize bank finance: at management,

stom and DSM, agreed to further the continued pro-

financing, and technical levels, with the aim of inte-

cess.

grating EE finance into standard banking operations. Cities and Urban Water Leakage: Urban water Water – Action in Developing Countries: Partici-

managementhas been identified as an area in which

pants explored how national water partnerships in

public-private partnerships have significant potential

the least developed economies can be supported by

to accelerate resource efficiency. The key partners for

best-practice economic analyses, water management

establishing a partnership to demonstrate best prac-

activities and public-private partnerships in industri-

tice on cities and urban water leakage were dis-

alised and emerging economies. Drawing on the col-

cussed. Following from this a Memorandum of Under-

lective experience of participants, examples of suc-

standing

cessful pilot projects and business models operating

Copenhagen and Hanoi within a few months with the

in developing countries, key elements and successful

purpose of significantly reducing water leakage in

factors were identified to help define and develop a

Hanoi

is

expected

to

be

signed

between

PPP strategy that will support governments of developing countries in managing water while respecting

Power System Transformation: The 21st Century

the need for sustainable growth. The Water Resourc-

Power Partnership (21 CPP) – an intergovernmental

es Group will champion further development of such a

initiative on the power sector - was launched in April

strategy as it moves into its next phase of activities.

2012 and taken a step further at the 3GF. The aim of the partnership is to facilitate the transformation of

Bio-based Growth: A European PPP for accelerating

the power sector - a key objective in achieving green

transition to a bio-based economy is being pioneered

growth. Parallel deployment of renewable energy and

between a large range of bio-based industries and

energy efficiency will constitute 65% of avoided

12

PPP SESSION

emissions by 2035, an ambitious goal requiring tar-

possible co-operations at operational level between

geted investments in smarter grids and dedicated col-

companies, civil society, and governments. The pur-

laboration between electricity providers, grid opera-

pose of this is to advance rules-based international

tors, regulators and equipment manufacturers. The

frameworks on trade to enable efficient chains of

aim of the PPP is to address the key barriers, help

supply in sustainable energy goods and services. This

identify and promote smart policy and regulation, en-

again is aimed at boosting the use of renewable ener-

courage investment and facilitate much needed mul-

gy sources and making access to energy for all, viable.

tilateral public-private information sharing and exchange of best-practice green growth solutions.

Financing Green Growth: Significant investments

Participants particularly focussed on how to effec-

are required to support a green growth transition that

tively engage the private sector in the transforma-

meets emerging energy and infrastructure needs sus-

tion.

tainably. For this to happen new strategies are required to overcome the numerous risks which impede

Energy Efficiency Indicators (Motor Systems): A

green capital investments. Participants discussed real

PPP initiative was launched by the Global Green

and perceived risks associated with green capital in-

Growth Institute (GGGI) and the United Nations Indus-

vestments, the effectiveness of existing and poten-

trial Development Organization (UNIDO) on energy

tial instruments to mitigate risks and sought to pro-

efficiency indicators in the area of motor systems to

pose a concrete process or product to stimulate green

promote the rapid deployment of EE measures and

infrastructure investments. The session also explored

guide effective policy measures. Motor systems rep-

areas of possible collaboration between the Climate

resent a huge and largely untapped, cost-effective

Policy Initiative and the Green Growth Action Alliance

source for industrial energy savings that could be re-

(G2A2), a coalition of over 50 businesses, public- and

alised with existing technologies. Potential savings

private finance providers launched at the 2012 G20.

amount to 10-15% corresponding to 120 billion USD in annual savings by 2030. The overall objective of

Procurement and Private Finance Initiatives:

the PPP is to develop indicators and promote the up-

The Partnership for Procurement and Green Growth

take of indicator-based systems for monitoring and

was initiated at 3GF 2011 with the aim of encourag-

benchmarking performance and progress over time at

ing governments to use their purchasing power to

industry as well as country/regional level. Participants

stimulate green investment, production and innova-

discussed how best to engage the private sector and

tion across domestic and global value chains. Its flag-

how to secure speedy adoption at scale of motor-sys-

ship report ‘Procurement, innovation and green

tem EE indicators.

growth: The story continues’ was launched to identify lessons learnt and determine the effectiveness of

Trade to Scale up Renewable Energy: A sustaina-

green public procurement as a growth driver. The aim

ble energy to trade initiative was launched at 3GF in

of the partnership is to influence laws, policies and

2011 by ICTSD, the Green Growth Institute and part-

programmes to make them act as catalysts for green

ners in cooperation with the Government of Denmark.

innovation and growth. Participants discussed ex-

Since then progress has been made at intergovern-

plored how the Partnership needs to work to scale up

mental level. At this session participants examined

public procurement as a green growth driver.

13

PPP SESSION

C40 Cities and Green Growth Participants discussed how cities can and must lead

a green growth strategy. Both mayors testified to the

the green growth transformation. Mayors control sig-

need for a strong dialogue and cooperation with the

nificant assets, they have an ability to tailor the exact

private sector. In Copenhagen this was achieved

needs of their city and they hold high credibility to-

through the Copenhagen Cleantech Cluster that could

wards their citizens in terms of ensuring basic life qual-

work as a mediator between the public needs and the

ity. However interaction with the national regulatory

private solutions.

framework is important. A case in point are the national procurement rules, which can limit the possibility of

Participants agreed on the following recommenda-

cities to initiate innovative approaches.

tions/actions: •

Political leadership is key both at the local

Participants agreed that cities need to use their strong

and national level: National framework need to

political visions and ambitions in the climate area as a

enable cities to show leadership. Cities experi-

starting point for engaging with private stakeholders to develop both best practices and next practices. Fur-

ence first mover advantages. •

Finance is key: Public spending is needed to gear

ther, it was agreed that involvement and ownership

and secure private funding. The private sector is

from the citizens is a key prerequisite to achieve longer

looking for long term engagement and political

term support for green growth initiatives.

commitment. •

Regulation is key: National regulatory frame-

The GGGI study on existing green growth solutions in

work must facilitate green development. Compact

cities, presented in the session, revealed that 95 % of

city planning – strong regulation. City must set

the 90 surveyed cities interviewed believe that green investments will generate economic growth. However,

high standards. •

Partnership building is key: City governments

more than 50 % feel that their national framework

can act as matchmakers – help building the part-

poses barriers to allow them to fully pursue this poten-

nerships, and these partnerships are key for ac-

tial. Among the cities 32 % perceive themselves as

tion to happen.

green, while 45 % are in early phases. Participants agreed that the economic potential of green growth can be of value to advance the political

Moderator: Mark Watts, Director, ARUP

case for green investments. However, it can be difficult

Panellists:

to quantify all advantages and Participants warned

Frank Jensen, Lord Mayor, Copenhagen

against a development where issues which cannot be

Fumiko Hayashi, Mayor, Yokohama

quantified are not recognized as being of any value. It

Graham Floater, Director, Climate Centre

was pointed out how green growth is value based and

Rohit Aggarwala, Special Advisor to C40 Chair Mayor

requires political leadership and visionary goals.

Michael Bloomberg Jukka Pertola, CEO, Siemens, Denmark

The business sector recognized growing urbanisation

Matthew Lynch, Project Director, World Business

as a Megatrend with future business potential, and

Council on Sustainable Development (WBCSD)

confirmed that they are starting to adapt their companies to deliver to this Megatrend. The private sector

Organiser and contact persons

should consider how it can support cities in finding

City of Copenhagen

solutions.

Claus Bjørn Billehøj, Head of Divison, City of Copenhagen, [email protected]

Case studies were presented from the cities of Copen-

Signe Gaarde, Senior Advisor, City of Copenhagen,

hagen and Yokohama on their experiences of pursuing

[email protected]

14

PPP SESSION

Energy Efficiency Finance Participants discussed the EE financing PPP initiative

•

Feasibility and implementation of pilot: To-

led by The Institute for Industrial Productivity (IIP),

gether with each bank, IIP will assess their actual

which builds on a European Bank for Reconstruction

and potential industrial client base in order to un-

and Development (EBRD) model and will create a new

derstand the sectors from which business oppor-

market for energy efficiency services in industries through the banking system ; a model that, in principle, can be developed and applied in any country or region.

tunities are likely to arise. •

Operational support: IIP will assist in the identification and screening of local EE experts in the identified sectors to support the banks’ EE financ-

Participants underscored the need for engaging a

ing initiatives (especially to help identify EE meas-

broad range of relevant actors including financial insti-

ures). In addition, IIP and the local experts will

tutions, project developers, private sector companies,

evaluate ESCOs, equipment suppliers, contractors

utilities and industry associations. Participants dis-

and consultants in the identified sectors capable

cussed a number of key barriers in the field of energy

of implementing the suggested measures.

efficiency awareness in industries that utilize bank finance and suggested integrating EE finance and indus-

Moderator:

trial EE opportunity assessments into existing stand-

Julia Reinaud, Policy and Programs Director, Institute

ard management, technical and lending operations.

for Industrial Productivity (IIP)

Participants deliberated on how to deliver timely and

Panellists:

cost-effective know-how to potential EE financing

Martin Lidegaard, Minister for Climate, Energy and

transactions in a simple and scalable way.

Building, Denmark Josue Tanaka, Managing Director, Energy Efficiency


and Climate Change, European Bank for Reconstruc-

tions/actions:

tion and Development (EBRD) Patrick D’Addario, Financial Products Director,

•

Addressing regulatory issues: Improving the

Institute for Industrial Productivity (IIP)

regulatory environment, for instance through re-

Michael Liebreich, Chief Executive, Bloomberg New

moval of energy subsidies. Establishment of a

Finance

strong carbon price and enhancing energy effi-

Simon Brooks, VP, European Investment Bank (EIB)

ciency financial services, goes in tandem with the

Nena Stoiljkovic, VP Business Advisory Services,

efforts to increase the private sector’s involve-

International Finance Corporation (IFC)

ment through innovative financial instruments

•

•

(with public backing and public support for energy

Organisers and contact persons:

audits) and increasing awareness for EE potential.


Presentation of case study: IIP will finalize the

Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI)

case study on the EBRD programme and use it as

Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and Building

material for engagement with banks regarding

Patrick D’Addario, Financial Products Director,

potential piloting.

Institute for Industrial Productivity (IIP),

Roadmap to replication of EBRD model: IIP

[email protected]

will continue working with HSBC India and a Chi-

Hans Jakob Eriksen, Director, Global Green Growth

nese bank to replicate an adapted version of the

Institute (GGGI), [email protected]

EBRD programme within the partner banks’ or-

Pernille Vejby Nielsen, Danish Ministry of Climate,

ganizational structure, corporate culture and pro-

Energy and Building, [email protected]

cedures. This work can subsequently be extended to an additional bank in the US.

15

PPP SESSION

Water - Action in Developing Countries Participants discussed the challenges and opportuni-

and partnership models must be designed ap-

ties of building public-private-civil society partner-

propriately, taking into account the poorest

ships at scale in the water sector to support all three

sections of the population with reduced capac-

key pillars of sustainable growth and natural resource

ity to pay for water (i.e. BRAC model of tired

management: social, environmental and economic.

financing)

These challenges can in particular be evident in de-

•

There was a call for both North-South and

veloping countries, where capacity, financing and in-

South-South exchange to share knowledge on

vestment and experience in working across sectors

fostering

are constraints. The Water Resources Group (WRG) is

frameworks to incentivize private sector invest-

a global PPP designed to support governments who face this challenge of planning sustainable growth

enabling

environments

and

legal

ment and engagement •

Investments in water must take in the broader

amidst severe national water constraints. WRG is en-

agenda of overall water planning for food secu-

joying successful collaboration with newly industrial-

rity,

ising countries such as Mexico, South Africa and India,

needs – water people must stop talking only to

however in its next stage; the focus of WRG will seek to support poorer countries.

industrial

development

and

consumer

water people •

Public sector capacity building is required in many developing countries so that public-pri-

Participants drawn from all sectors engaged in lively

vate partnerships can be developed and imple-

discussion sharing successful models and partnership

mented most effectively, whether at a project

cases from developing countries to help shape a

specific level or broader engagement as nation-

strategy for the WRG in its next stage of work, includ-

al planning discussions with private sector and

ing how to overcome the potential barriers and ad-

other stakeholders. This calls for close collabo-

dressing the political aspects of water management.

ration between donor financed development assistance and business investments and a fo-

Participants agreed on the following recommendations/actions: •

Water resource management and investment

Moderator:

must incorporate three key pillars: social (access

Dominic Waghray, Senior Director of Environmen-

and quantity), environment (quality) and eco-

tal Initiatives, World Economic Forum (WEF)

nomic (efficiency) to secure long term sustaina-

•

•

•

16

rum to allow for such constructive debate.

ble growth – as also noted and agreed in the re-

Panellists:

cent Rio+20 summit outcomes

Ida Auken, Minister for the Environment, Denmark

There exist successful models of public-private

Fazle H. Abed, Founder and Chairperson, BRAC

partnerships in water in developing countries,

Aly Abou-Sabaa, Vice President, Sector Opera-

where the experience and learnings must be har-

tions, African Development Bank (AFDB)

nessed and shared as a necessary next step to

Anders Berntell, Executive Director, Water

support taking them to scale

Resources Group (WRG)

New models of regional cooperation on water are emerging where multiple countries are coalesc-

Organiser and contact person:

ing around the common threat of water insecuri-

Water Resources Group (WRG)

ty and committing support when called upon (i.e.

Dominic Waghray, Senior Director of Environmen-

the Dryland Alliance)

tal Initiatives, World Economic Forum and Co-Chair

There are opportunities for PPP in water also

of the Water Resources Group Steering Board,

in LDC countries but investment agreements

[email protected]

PPP SESSION

Biobased Growth Participants discussed how and why to make the

vents the development of necessary infrastruc-

transition to a bio-based economy. There is a great potential for new markets, new products and new

ture. •

Develop sustainability criteria: Policy makers

jobs, especially in rural areas, and more importantly,

should develop sustainability criteria making it

huge environmental benefits - the Globe needs it.

easier to navigate and avoid possible negative

Reaching a bio-based economy, however, is not easy

environmental impacts with regard to e.g. sus-

and cannot be done by making small, isolated pro-

tainable land use, supply of feedstock and food

jects. There is a need for a coordinated effort from

security and climate change. For instance, how

policy makers, industries and public opinion.

much focus should be put on more efficient land use versus more and better use of waste

Participants pointed out that while second genera-

and residues? What are sustainable extraction

tion technology is now all in all in place, scaling up

rates? These aspects should also be included in

is a challenge. An integrated approach addressing

Horizon 2020.

multiple levels - supply (feedstock, agricultural resi-

•

Important to ensure public opinion: A posi-

dues and waste products), large scale demonstration

tive public opinion towards a bio-based econo-

(refineries), policies, market and products - is impor-

my is essential for mobilizing stakeholders and

tant. Taking the European Union led PPP initiative

creating incentives. The trend is already there;

Horizon 2020 as a point of departure the Partici-

both at the private consumer and company lev-

pants discussed key focus areas or challenges that

el, but public dialogue is important to maintain

need to be addressed.

public confidence in the bio-based economy. This is also a central element of Horizon 2020


where public consultations are currently ongo-

tions/actions:

ing. Reliable standards are also a way to main-

•

tain public confidence.

Establishment of a regulatory framework: The existing regulatory framework reflects the current oil based paradigm. Policy makers should

Moderator:

develop appropriate regulatory frameworks in

David Baldock, Executive Director, Institute for

order to remove regulatory roadblocks and pave

European Environmental Policy (IEEP)

the way for private initiative. An example was

•

the Danish ban of burning straw in 1991 which

Panellists:

provided an added incentive for alternative use

Mette Gjerskov, Minister for Food, Agriculture and

of residual straw.

Fisheries, Denmark

Lack of supply chain for biomass - how to

Jerzy Bogdan Plewa, Deputy Director General,

mobilize the farmers: With farmers being key

Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural

suppliers of biomass (agricultural residues) it

Development, European Commission

was crucial to mobilize this group and to create

Maive Rute, Director, Directorate General for

appropriate collection systems. The potential for

Research and Innovation, European Commission

new markets, new products and new jobs

Steen Riisgaard, CEO, Novozymes

should be highlighted and explored, e.g. in PPP Horizon 2020. A strategic use of the European


Union Common Agricultural Policy (EU CAP)

Novozymes

could also play a role in mobilizing farmers and

Anders Lyngaa Kristoffersen, Manager of Public

overcoming the “chicken-egg problem” where

Affairs, Novozymes, [email protected]

lack of an established market and demand pre-

17

PPP SESSION

Natural Capital Accounting The discussion focussed on ways for the public and pri-

on creating a small number of “proof points” of

vate sectors to collaborate in setting the parameters

companies and governments incorporating natu-

for the inclusion of natural capital in business account-

ral capital into their accounting frameworks.

ing, reporting and decision-making. Natural Capital Accounting has been on and off the agenda over the last

Moderator:

30 years or more. While there may be a broad recogni-

Usha Raó-Monari, Director, Advisory Services on

tion of the need to supplement traditional growth indi-

Sustainable Business, International Finance Corpora-

cators with indicators which account for the negative

tion (IFC)

impact on the environment and the use of natural resources, a valuation of the social costs and benefits of

Panellists:

the externalities has not yet been identified. Partici-

Malcolm H. Preston, Partner and Global & UK Leader,

pants agreed that while most actors would be in favour

Sustainability and Climate Change, Price Waterhouse

of valuing externalities, pricing would depend on local

Coopers (PwC)

country and region conditions.

Fokko Wientjes, Global Director Sustainability, DSM Peter Bakker, President, World Business Council for

Participants agreed on the following actions and recommendations: •

The work going on in the UN Statistical Commis-


sion and the WAVES programme was well recog-

World Bank Group

nised, but there was agreement that accurately

Hannah Behrendt, World Bank, hbehrendt@

accounting for the stock of natural capital is prob-

worldbank.org

lematic. •

A panellist drew the attention to the definition of “capitalism” which today only focuses on the return of the financial capital. There is a need to also include environmental and social capital.

•

Private sector participants emphasized the need for private sector to engage with public policy officials and regulators to develop a level playing field through public reforms and regulations. It was additionally recognised that such regulatory frameworks will vary from country to country.

•

Participants agreed that the debate underlined the urgency of getting started with natural capital accounting, developing a tool kit for politicians that shows the impact of economic growth on social capital, and in particular to develop a methodology of pricing the use of natural resources including land, water etc.

•

Participants agreed that a smaller group consisting of representatives of the World Bank Group (WBG), national development banks (e.g. BNDES), WBCSD, PwC and private sector companies to further refine the current approaches to Natural Capital Accounting. Specifically, the group would work

18

Sustainable Development (WBCSD)

PPP SESSION

Cities and Urban Water Leakage Participants discussed drivers and challenges regard-

water leakage is addressed. This also requires the

ing urban water leakage in light of the future water

needed technical capacity both equipment and

scarcity that will affect cities and countries globally re-

qualified personnel.

gardless of their stage of economic development. Pro-

•

Community awareness and engagement:

jections show that by 2030 50% of the world’s popula-

Prices have to make sense locally. Even if poor

tion will live in regions with water shortage.

people might be ready to pay for water, the prices have to be feasible. Some Participants suggested

At the same time reductions in urban water leakage

considering a new approach to the PPP model

could provide up to $170 billion in resource benefits globally by 2030 (McKinsey, 2012, ‘Accelerating Green

adding another P (people). •

Suggestions for how to move forward: Sug-

Growth through Public Private Partnerships’). The neg-

gestions included: i) Engagement with the Water

ative effects of scarce water resource impact societies

Resource Group to help identify which cities are

socially, environmentally and economically and threat-

getting ready for political ownership thus helping

en to limit potential growth. Participants agreed that

to make investments and goals more achievable.

the issue is of great importance to both public and pri-

One option is to engage the C40 Cities network to

vate sector, and that solutions need to involve both

increase political awareness and to encourage

public and private efforts.

sharing of best practices among cities; ii) Pursue partnership with BRAC on how to address urban

While the problems concerning water leakage are easi-

water leakage in Bangladesh; iii) Pursue partner-

ly identified, the solutions are harder to pin down. Dis-

ship with Inter-American Development Bank on

cussions raised the issue of how to best engage the

financing urban water leakage initiatives in Latin

private sector, such as performance based service con-

America; and iv) Engagement with the Danish Wa-

tracts with utilities or other forms of public-private

ter Forum to establish accountability in water util-

partnerships. The Participants discussed the need for

ity networks (benchmarking and good practice).

pricing water as a resource and the subsequent challenges pricing entails concerning accessibility of water

Moderator:

for poor people and the need for securing a degree of

Peter Harry Woodward, Director, Quest Associates

public control with the water utilities.

Panellists:

Participants agreed on the following actions and rec-

Ida Auken, Minister of the Environment, Denmark

ommendations:

Fomiko Hayashi, Mayor of Yokohama

•

Political leadership: The political role is essen-

Carsten Bjerg, CEO, Grundfos

tial, whether pushing ambitions through goal set-

Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, Chairman, Nestlé

ting, bringing in efficiency standards, providing

Anders Berntell, Executive Director, WRG.

regulations, helping to forge partnerships by play-

•

ing the role of an honest broker for PPPs, and link-


ing issues of water savings with new business and

City of Copenhagen, Danish Nature Agency, Danish

pricing models.

Ministry of the Environment

Water management accountability: Utilities

Claus Bjørn Billehøj, Head of Division, City of

should be made accountable for water loss and

Copenhagen, [email protected]

performance on their water management sys-

Jacob Møller Nielsen, Head of Division, Danish

tems. Accountability needs to be implemented

Nature Agency, [email protected]

through regulations and by securing transparency on water data. •

Incentives: There has to be incentives for utilities and long-term commitment to ensure that

19

PPP SESSION

Power System Transformation

B

The global energy landscape is changing dramatically.

energy. Existing power markets are often not de-

In 2011, global investments in renewable energy ex-

signed to effectively operate under either large

ceeded a quarter trillion USD, comprising more than a

shares of variable renewable energy or demand

third of all new capacity additions. Under IEA’s New

response. International collaboration can acceler-

Policy Scenario, between 2011 and 2035 almost 17

ate the transfer of market design principles that

trillion USD will be spent on transmission, distribution,

ensure reasonable prices for consumers while

and generation assets. The bulk of this investment will

achieving 21st century power systems.

take place in non-OECD countries, reinforcing the need

•

There is an urgent need for multilateral public-pri-

for global partnerships focusing on smart policies and

vate

regulationsin support of the deployment of renewa-

best-practice green-growth solutions in the pow-

bles and energy savings. Participants discussed oppor-

er sector. Specifically there is a need to bring to-

tunities and barriers for ensuring power system trans-

gether utilities, grid operators, and other private

formation on regional and global scales, engaging the

sector market participants facing similar chal-

private sector through the 21st Century Power Part-

lenges to encourage shared approaches to power

nership (21CPP) – a Clean Energy Ministerial intergov-

system transformation. Policies that align the in-

ernmental initiative on the power sector. The Partner-

centives along the entire power system value

ship was advanced at 3GF through the launch of the

chain are central.

Private-Public Leadership Forum, which will serve as a

information

sharing

and

exchange

of

platform for governments and businesses to address

Moderator:

key challenges and develop, share, and encourage

Douglas Arent, Executive Director, National Renewa-

best practices in the area of power system transforma-

ble Energy Laboratory (NREL)

tion.

Panellists:

Participants put forward the following recommenda-


tions/actions:

Buildings, Denmark

•

Globally, the power system is one of the most im-

Graham Pugh, Director, Office of International

portant areas of focus for achieving green growth.

Climate Change Policy and Technology, U.S. Depart-

The pathway to 21st century power systems will

ment of Energy

requiresmart policy, rapid technological innova-

Thomas Dalsgaard, Executive Vice President, DONG

tion, and massive investment. The 21CPP repre-

Energy

sents an important forum to developinternational

Eoin Lees, Senior Advisor, Regulatory Assistance

collaboration in support ofintegrated policies to

Project

promote variable renewable energy, energy effi-

Zhu Lingzhi, Vice Chief Engineer, Smart Grid

ciency, and grid modernization.

Corporation of China, China Electric Power Research

Governments should set strategic directions, pro-

Institute

vide reliable and credible policy frameworks, and

Ian Simm, CEO, Impax Asset Management Group

•

apply appropriate incentives to stimulate power

•

20

sector investment. It is vital for these frameworks


to be long-term, as continuity reducesrisks and

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Global

attracts a broader base of investors.In addition to

Green Growth Institute (GGGI), Danish Ministry of

providing long-term visibility, policy and regula-

Climate, Energy and Building

tion should account for distinct regional contexts

Mackay Miller, Technology Innovation Analyst,

and the dynamic nature of technological evolu-

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),

tion.

[email protected]

Improved power market design is needed, with or

Nikolaj Svensson, Advisor, Danish Ministry of

without high penetration of variable renewable

Climate, Energy and Building, [email protected]

B

PPP SESSION

Energy Efficiency Indicators (Motor Systems) Participants explored how to develop the PPP fur-

(This goes for both top-down/policy makers and

ther and discussed the potential in optimizing motor

for industrial leaders being both users and pro-

systems and how best to approach the challenge of developing energy efficiency indicators for motor

ducers of motor-systems). •

UNIDO and GGGI will allocate resources to

system. Furthermore, it was briefly discussed how

bring the PPP forward: To ensure the contin-

to ensure a speedy up-take of motor-systems indi-

ued development of the PPP and to facilitate

cators by industry leaders and policy makers. All

the work of developing energy efficiency indi-

partners/presenters made their channels of promo-

cators, UNIDO and GGGI will allocate resources

tion and capacity building programs available for the

to the project and drive the process forward.

scaling and speedy up-take of indicators developed and coordinated under the PPP going forward.

Moderator: Hans Jakob Eriksen, Director, Global Green Growth

Participants put forward the following recommendations/actions: •

•

Indicators are needed: Indicators are the

Panellists:

strongest market penetration tool available to

Hans Jørgen Koch, Deputy Director General,

promote awareness on energy efficiency and to

Danish Energy Agency

guide policy makers and industry in their deci-

Marina Ploutakhina, Director, United Nations

sion making. In order to develop indicators a lot

Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

of data collection is needed with the view of

Thibaud Voïta, Energy Policy Analyst, IPEEC

creating a common understanding of the issue.

Bo Diczfalusy, Director, International Energy

Furthermore, help is needed to create the right

Agency (IEA)

methodology and to agree on definitions i.e.

Conrad Brunner, Operation Agent, IEA’s 4E EMSA

what is understood by “motor systems”. Like-

Kim Christensen, President, Danfoss

wise, in all the work it should be kept in mind

Jeung-soo Huh, President, Korean Energy Manage-

whois the end-users of the indicators.

ment Cooperation (KEMCO)

Demand

structures

and

regulation

are

needed: Having the right energy efficient technology does not do the trick alone. The

•

Institute (GGGI)

Claus Madsen, Managing Director and Country Manager, AAB

right policies create the needed incentives. In


developing these policies industry should be in-

Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), United Nations

vited early in the process. Participants support-

Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO),

ed a holistic approach of looking at motor-sys-

International Energy Agency (IEA), International

tems, with a particular focus on the systems’

Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation

abilities to accommodate and respond to vari-

(IPEEC), Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and

ous demand/load situations and identified this

Building

as the area where the biggest savings could be

Hans Jakob Eriksen, Director, Global Green Growth

obtained (even if only applied to a single mo-

Institute, [email protected]

tor).

Marina Ploutakhina, Director, United Nations

Global standards needed: We should aim at

Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO),

developing global standards for motor systems

[email protected]

rather than national or regional standards. Com-

Pernille Vejby Nielsen, Danish Ministry of

mon indicators are important in this respect.

Climate, Energy and Building, [email protected]

21

PPP SESSION

Trade to Scale up Renewable Energy This initiative highlights the needs as well as the op-

mechanism, a SETI Alliance, which will create a

portunity for Sustainable Energy Trade Initiatives

platform for private sector, governments, inter-

(SETIs), including a possible ‘Sustainable Energy Trade

governmental organizations, research institu-

Agreement’ (SETA), to promote a trade-led market ex-

tions and think tanks to work together to advance

pansion of sustainable energy goods and services by

the SETA-concept.

addressing trade barriers and providing for supportive

•

Proponents of the SETA, such as Vestas and the

international governance. The vision is to get a critical

WRI, underlined that there is a need to make infor-

mass of countries to reach an agreement which can ef-

mation about the initiative available to a broader

fectively address the obstacles, foster robust markets,

audience, both by formulating the key messages

provide enabling governance, and thus provide the

in a less technical manner and by stepping up the

ground for a scale up of renewable energy. While gov-

efforts in terms of outreach. This is something

ernments must drive the policy reform process, there is

which will be taken forward by ICTSD, inter alia

a need to understand the concerns of firms at different

through the creation of the above-mentioned

levels of the supply chain, in different countries and in different sectors.

SETI Alliance. •

Companies will continue to engage with policymakers regarding the need to advance a rules

Participants at this session discussed how to advance a

based international framework on sustainable en-

rules-based international framework on trade to enable efficient chains of supply in sustainable energy

ergy goods and services. •

ICTSD and other partners will continue to inform

goods and services through trade reform. This again is

the conception of an eventual SETA through re-

aimed at boosting the use of renewable energy sourc-

search and multi-stakeholder dialogue, as well as

es and making access to energy for all viable. It will ul-

through country- and regional consultations.

timately alleviate climate change, lower the cost of relevant technologies and thus making them competi-

Moderator:

tive, increase technology transfer to developing coun-

Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz, Chief Executive, Interna-

tries, improve energy security and promote innovation

tional Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development

and development of new technologies.

(ICTSD)

Participants agreed on the following actions:

Panelists:

•

The Executive Director of UNIDO/chair of the UN

Pia Olsen Dyhr, Minister for Trade and Investment,

Sustainable Energy for All expressed his interest

Denmark

in the initiative, which he assessed as carrying an

Kandeh K. Yumkella, Executive Director, United

important potential in particular for Africa. He

Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

pledged to assess the African interest in green

Ditlev Engel, CEO, Vestas

trade liberalisation at upcoming meetings with

Rick Samans, Executive Director, Global Green Growth

leading Africans policymakers.

Institute (GGGI) and Vice Chair, World Energy Council for

The Danish Minister for Trade and Investment will

Latin America

follow up in the European Union on the recent

Andrew Steer, President, World Resources Institute

APEC decision to reduce applied tariffs on a selec-

(WRI)

•

tion of environmental goods to a maximum of 5

•

percent including the possibility of the European


Union joining the decision. Domestically, the Min-

The International Centre for Trade and Sustainable

ister will look further into the issue of subsidies on

Development (ICTSD)

green energy products.

Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz, Chief Executive, ICTSD,

ICTSD will seek to formalize the increasing sup-

[email protected]

port for the SETA in a multi-stakeholder support

22

D

PPP SESSION

Financing Green Growth Participants discussed how the increasing global need

Moderator:

for green financing at large scale calls for alternative

Barbara K. Buchner, Director, Climate Policy

capital sources and for developing new innovative

Initiative (CPI) Europe

ways of sharing of risks. There is a major gap between global demand and supply for green investments due

Speaker:

to the high risks associated with the nature of green

Ole Sohn, Minister of Business and Growth, Denmark

investments, rising public debts and tight fiscal constraints in many parts of the world.

Panellists: Simon Brooks, Vice President, European Investment


Bank ( EIB)

tions/actions:

Michael Liebrich, CEO, Bloomberg New Energy

•

Alternative sources of capital: The institutional

Finance

investors market is a potential source of large

Torben Møger Pedersen, CEO, Pension Denmark

scale green investments.

Usha Raó-Monari, Director, Advisory Services on

New classes of effective risk mitigating instru-

Sustainable Business, International Finance Corpora-

ments: It is important to distinguish between real

tion (IFC)

and perceived risks. New measures were pro-

Dominic Waughray, Senior Director of Environmen-

posed such as shielding investors from predefined

tal Initiatives, World Economic Forum (WEF)

amount of financial loss, developing policy risk in-

Michael Dithmer, Permanent Secretary of State for

surance instruments, blending funding sources

Business and Growth, Denmark

•

and bundling projects etc. •

•

Political leadership is important: To encourage


global green investments on a large scale it is im-

Climate Policy Initiative (CPI), Ministry of Business and

portant to align public policy with private inter-

Growth, Denmark

ests in public-private partnerships. The Danish

Barbara K. Buchner, Director, Climate Policy

wind farm examples which were financed by pen-

Initiative ( CPI) Europe, barbara.buchner@CPIVenice.

sion funds coupled with state guarantees can

org

serve as inspiration.

Markus Bjerre, Head of Section, Danish Ministry of

Continuing the discussions: The discussions will

Business and Growth, [email protected]

be continued in close interaction between public and private actors to share knowledge and experiences as well as explore and develop new financing schemes and new public-private partnerships. It was acknowledged that there is a need to broaden the group and reach out to additional investors such as more pension funds and banks to improve the effectiveness of risk coverage. •

Next steps: Next steps will be to incorporate the feedback and excellent ideas into the future work and explore how to continue the discussions with the Green Growth Action Alliance, an international public private mega-partnership with over 50 business, public finance and private finance providers launched at the 2012 G20.

23

PPP SESSION

Procurement and Private Finance Initiatives Delegates discussed the effectiveness of public pro-

tion and green growth and increase domestic in-

curement and PFIs in stimulating green growth and

dustrial capacities in emerging and lower income

how they could be re-engineered to achieve greater value for money, deliver more resource efficient public

economies. •

Advisory services and technical assistance to low-

assets/services and initiate wider economic multipli-

er income countries on how to develop policies

ers for green industrialisation.

and programmes on green procurement and PFI and how to use these as an incentive for foreign

The moderator outlined three key questions for the debate: How can green public procurement and public

investments. •

Development of better models to estimate envi-

partnerships be scaled up over the next 2 years? What

ronmental, social, and financial risks into procure-

is impeding such scaling across industrialised, emerg-

ment and PFI projects and putting in place risk

ing and lower income countries? And what will it take

management strategies across the project live

to remove these constraints?

cycle. •

Participants agreed on the following: •

The potential of sustainable public procurement Compelling evidenced is presented in the report“

frastructure.

So Far” published by the International Institute for

Moderator:

Sustainable Development (IISD). There is a need

Mark Halle, Executive Director, International

to explore how risks are accounted for in sustaina-

Institute for Sustainable Development Europe (IISD)

nancial sector to address these risks.

Opening remarks:

Transparency is important in the process of public


procurement. This is critical to enable procurement processes to be designed and positioned as

Panellists:

triggers for innovation and green growth.

Nelson Sam, Global Managing Director, Thomson

The Partnership needs to demonstrate how pro-

Reuters Advisory Services Commodities and Energy

curement and PFI can trigger innovation and

Valeria D’Amico de Lima, Deputy Associate

green growth. Moreover, the partnership needs to

Secretary of State, Government of Sao Paulo, Brazil

undertake pilot projects to demonstrate how

Jan Willem Scheijgrond, Senior Director Environ-

pre-qualification, technical specifications and

ment Health & Safety, Philips

award criteria can be designed to trigger green in-

Oshani Perera, Programme Leader, International

vestment and innovation across companies that

Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)

do business with the government. •

Tender and PFI procedures need to be re–de-


signed to allow for environmental and social con-

International Institute for Sustainable Development

siderations to be effectively built into the pro-

(IISD) and the Partnership for Procurement and Green

curement project cycle.

Growth.

Next steps: • •

24

Development of a dedicated focus on procurement and PFI in relation to energy, water, and in-

ble procurement and PFIs and work with the fi-

•

accountability in public procurement processes. •

to bring about a green economy is undisputed. Procurement, Innovation, Green Growth, the Story

•

Investigation of how to increase transparency and

Oshani Perera, Programme Leader, International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), oper-

Input from the session will be used in the develop-

[email protected]

ment of a two-year work programme focusing on:

Tilmann Liebert, Project Officer, International

Pilot projects to demonstrate how procurement

Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), tliebert@

and PFI can be designed to trigger green innova-

iisd.org

Plenary Sessions Resource Efficiency and Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Technology and Green Growth: The Quantum Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Mega-Partnerships; Blending International and Local Collaboration for Scaled Impact.30 Closing Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

26

PLENARY session

Resource Efficiency and Growth Panellists:

much harder now than just a year ago. The financial cri-

Angel Gurria, Secretary General, Organisation for

sis is dragging away attention from green growth both

Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

among policy makers and CEOs. Private investment in

Rachel Kyte, Vice President, World Bank

developing countries is 50% down with the World fac-

Caio Koch-Weser, Vice Chairman, Deutsche Bank

ing a decade of lower potential growth and shorter and

Group

more erratic business circles even in the BRIC countries.

Moderator: Achim Steiner, Executive Director, United Nations

There is a need for a new generation of financial instruments, which can catalyse private investment and leverage scarce public finance.

Environment Programme (UNEP)

Session Summary

Panellists highlighted the critical role Africa has to play. Despite high returns in Africa at the moment- higher

The first plenary session focused on where policy and

than any other place, African countries still struggle to

market failures are preventing green growth opportu-

attract investment. The thinking among investments

nities from being realized despite ample evidence that

banks seems to be to sort out existing markets before

inaction will be by far the most expensive option in the

engaging into new ones.

long run. Among the main issues discussed was the financial crisis dragging the attention away from long

Subsidies of fossil fuels were highlighted as the single

term green growth investments both among policy

most important source of distortion in the world affect-

makers and CEOs, the need for new financial instru-

ing both developed and developing countries and di-

ments to facilitate access to finance, and the need for

verting huge amounts of resources to the detriment of

leadership to ensure long term predictable framework

the environment, the economy and social justice.

conditions and to move ahead despite not having a global climate agreement.

Way ahead Panellists raised a number of suggestions for how to

Investment in green growth - the cheapest solu-

move on despite the challenges:

tion in the long run

•

The Panellists agreed that there is an urgent need to

term, enabling and predictable framework condi-

invest in green growth solutions to avoid costly consequences. As highlighted in the recent ‘OECD Environ-

Committed leadership is necessary to ensure long tions for businesses to act.

•

Carbon pricing is an important instrument to make

mental Outlook for 2050’ report ‘Consequences of Inac-

green solutions more financially viable. Political

tion’ focusing on climate change, water, biodiversity

leadership could be essential in driving the carbon

and health consequences of pollution the cost of inac-

price issue. Rather than wait for a global climate

tion is more expensive than any of the known costs. The

agreement, a coalition of willing carbon market

choice between growth and green is false. Future chal-

countries could go ahead. This requires critical

lenges are not only about carbon emissions but also

mass, transformational ambition, and targets for

about natural resource scarcity. Tomorrow’s competi-

action, but could eventually link back into the UN

tive companies will be those who best manage the transition of enhancing resource efficiency and productivi-

process. •

ty. The material intensity of production has already decreased significantly over the past two decades.

Remove fuel subsidies and redirect the money towards the poor.

•

Link the trade and environmental agenda.

•

Need to work with green growth issues at the city

Barriers to green growth

and regional level. Suggestion of building on the

The lack of access to finance was highlighted by panel-

C40 network of mayors to share most effective

lists as the most important barrier to green growth at

policies, create sustainable energy clubs and work

this point in time with financial circumstances being

through peer pressure.

28

PLENARY session

Technology and Green Growth: The Quantum Change Panellists:

These included:

Frans van Houten, CEO, Philips

•

Good framework conditions: Governments

Bob Collymore, CEO, Safaricom

need to put the necessary infrastructure in


place, to encourage new development, and to

Niels B. Christiansen, CEO, Danfoss

Moderator:

secure the longevity of investments. •

Subsidies in the initial phase: Disruptive technologies are not invented overnight; they

Kathy Sierra, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institute

are the result of a long process with new technologies typically starting out as alternative

Session Summary

technologies, eventually ending up becoming the

Will disruptive technologies drive the next wave

main technologies. Subsidies might be necessary

of change?

at the outset but must deteriorate over time as

Technological innovation and in particular disruptive

the technology develops and the use is brought

innovations are essential elements in the transition to green growth. Previous waves of change over the past

to scale. •

three to four decades have been driven by govern-

push the private sector to innovate and thus

ments coming together and changing the enabling environment through pricing, regulation, policy targets

Standard setting: Ambitious standards will speed up innovation.

•

Carbon pricing: Carbon pricing is essential in

etc. and by civil society pushing for change. In this ple-

promoting a new way of looking at all costs in-

nary a panel of four top CEOs provided their perspec-

volved in a given production including the costs

tives on what it will take for the next wave of change to

to society. The example of electricity production

be driven by disruptive technologies. What are the ma-

in Colorado was mentioned, with a coal based

jor trends, emerging technologies, current driving forc-

production having lower up front and running

es, and new champions?

costs, but being more expensive than wind generated electricity when taking into account the

What is a disruptive technology?

health and environmental costs. Carbon pricing is

Panellists pointed out how innovation is often driven

therefore key in helping promote low carbon

by necessity and crisis – the need to find a solution to a

technologies.

pressing problem. Disruptive technologies need not be

•

Consumer demand: Several panellists pointed

based on new leapfrog technologies but also on the

out how consumers are likely to play a key role in

way in which new and known technologies are com-

the development of disruptive technologies in

bined. An example mentioned was the combination of

the future. Demand from consumers will increase

a solar panel, a lithium battery and a battery, which

and consumer behaviour will play a fundamental

plugged together can give a rural based person access

role in building policies. This also applies to de-

to light and enable children to do homework at night

veloping countries where many young people are

and thus pursue an education - a simple invention but

living in a very connected world, demanding to

with huge impact. Telecommunication was mentioned

be treated in the same way, and with social pres-

as an example of a disruptive technology in itself dramatically improving the access of rural based populations to information, services and decision makers.

sure driving the private sector. •

Learning: There was a concern that learning is not being transferred effectively. A lot of knowledge is available in universities and must be har-

What drives innovation?

nessed when developing new technology. This

Panellists highlighted a number of issues which are key

could be promoted through the criteria used in

in driving forward innovation.

grant processes.

29

PLENARY session

Mega-Partnerships; Blending International and Local Collaboration for Scaled Impact Panellists:

kellah explained the strategies: creating a clear narra-

Kandeh K. Yumkella, Director, United Nations

tive on the link between energy and development;

Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

building a small but dedicated coalition of willing gov-

Andrew Steer, President, World Resource Institute

ernments and a few other players who could push the

(WRI)

agenda, motivate and provide strategic guidance;

Fahed Bin Mohammed Al-Attiya, Chairman, Qatar

identifying the objectives; costing the ideas; generat-

National Food Security Programme and Organizing

ing strong political leadership through the support of

Sub-Committee

the UN Secretary General who picked it up as his own;


and being persistent also in the face of initial set-

Moderator:

backs. The challenge now is to deal with 61 countries, as solutions have to be found locally, to maintain a fa-

Simon Zadek, Senior Fellow, Global Green Growth

cilitating rather than an implementing role, and to

Institute (GGGI)

find an existing fund with the financing engineering

Session Summary

knowledge to administer the funding side.

A new generation of ‘mega-partnerships’ is emerging.

Global Dry Land Alliance – a risk sharing mecha-

The session tapped into the experience of four cham-

nism with responsibilities

pions in this area, four mega partnerships covering

The Qatar National Food Security Programme (QNFSP)

Sustainable Energy for All, the Global Dry Land alli-

is working to establish a Global Dry Land Alliance - an

ance, the Green Growth Action Alliance and the Water

international alliance of 10-15 dryland nations facing

Resource Group. Panellists shared learning from initi-

similar problems of food security due to scarce water

ating and scaling up mega partnerships emphasizing

resources.Fahed Bin Mohammed Al-Attiya informed

the importance of local solutions and local implemen-

that the idea is to create a multi country model with a

tation, the need to have a dedicated core of public and

shared risk mechanism - a strategic alignment be-

private organisations involved, to stay focused on

tween countries able and willing to commit. Commit-

where the partnership can make a difference, to keep

ments include significant investments in research and

flexible and temporary, and to ensure broad distribu-

development, sharing new knowledge and technolo-

tion and uptake of lessons learned.

gy, and most significantly committing to assist another member country if faced with a severe drought/

Sustainable Energy for All (SEFA) –seeking ap-

water problem. A key challenge is to develop the nec-

proval and leverage through the UN

essary technology which can enable dryland nations

Kandeh Yumkellah identified the lack of access to en-

to become self sufficient.

ergy as a crucial constraint to development efforts. The concern lead the United Nations General Assem-

Water Resources Group –decentralization and

bly to designate 2012 as the International Year for

clear ownership

Sustainably Energy for All (SEFA) an initiative high-

The aim of the Water Resource Group is to help ad-

lighting the need for universal access to energy, in-

dress the imbalance between water supply and water

creased energy efficiency and enhanced deployment

demand. Peter Brabeck-Lemathe explained that the

of renewable resources in developing countries. Yum-

strategy is to keep the ambitions high, the central ad-

30

PLENARY session

ministration small (only 3 people in NY head office for a 50 million dollar fund), to limit the involvement to just a handful of clearly committed countries at a time, and to work in a decentralized manner with WRG helping establish inclusive partnerships between relevant local stakeholders and helping work out solutions, but not being in charge of actual implementation. In order to ensure ownership and efficiency, WRG only works with governments where either the President or the Prime Minister has a personal interest in the issue, always operates through one appointed government interlocutor, expects governments to pay, and only remain involved as long as efficiency is maintained and goals achieved (two year commitments at a time). Green Growth Action Alliance (G2A2) – the private sector pulling together The Green Growth Action Alliance, is a new partnership launched at the Business 20 (B20) Summit in Los Cabos, Mexico in June 2012, mainly business lead, addressing the estimated $1 trillion annual shortfall in green infrastructure investment, by calling for actions in five target priority areas over the next three years: promote free trade in green goods and services; achieve robust carbon pricing; end inefficient subsidies and other forms of fossil fuel support; accelerate low-carbon innovation; and increase efforts to target public funding to leverage private investment. The idea is to propose very specific ideas and hold governments accountable. Andrew Steer warned that not all mega partnerships work and there are lessons to be learnt from earlier partnerships on health and education. He advised that you need a strong issue, strong leadership, should avoid trying to solve every problem immediately, but go where there is real passion, where there are CEOs willing to go the extra mile. Political leadership is important – true world leaders who want an issue to be their legacy.

31

PLENARY session

Closing Session Panellists:

ganisations and think tanks together to share experi-

Villy Søvndal, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Denmark

ences and find concrete solutions for how to promote


green growth through private public partnerships. The

Kandeh K. Yumkella, Director General, United

aim is to facilitate – not to implement.

Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

Moderator:

With the three new member countries, 3GF now has an impressive and diverse combination of participants,

Tomas Anker Christensen, Senior Advisor for

spanning four continents, bringing together countries

Partnerships, UN Office for Partnerships

very different in size, economic development and eco-

Session Summary A ‘Summary of the proceedings’ was provided.

nomic significance but all representing governments committed to the cause of green growth. The coalition of 3GF member states and the Global Green Growth Institute and its range of countries behind it constitutes

3GF is unique in bringing key decision makers from the

a good ‘coalition of the willing’ to promote action on

public sector, the private sector, and international or-

green inclusive growth.

32

PLENARY session

A brand has been established and a space carved out

tions for the other two. The inclusiveness aspect needs

by 3GF which helps give content to a new narrative of

to be strengthened in the future.

opportunities stressing the economic benefits of going green and promoting the transition to a green, inclu-

When discussing green growth as a model for sustaina-

sive economy. Sustainable development is often pro-

ble growth, there is a need to discuss dematerialised

filed as a losing agenda, but 3GF helps to demonstrate

growth, resource efficiency and the distorting influ-

that it can also be a winning game.

ence of intransparent subsidies - all of them issues which could be relevant to pursue in future 3GF high

The meeting demonstrated an impressive amount of

level meetings.

commitment to the PPPs and a pragmatic approach in finding solutions to problems. However, as stated at the UN meeting in Rio de Janeiro the world is too complex to only see it though one lense. Sustainability is a three dimensional issue – environmental, economic and social - with changes in one area having implica-

33


Green Finance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Sustainable Cities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Innovative Finance for Energy Efficiency in Buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 International Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Energy for All. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Green Job Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Water Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Renewable Energy and New Business Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Capital Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Economic Growth Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

34

IN CONVERSATION

Green Finance Panellists:

Challenges

Sergio Eduardo Weguelin Vieira, Deputy Managing

Participants representing the private sector highlight-

Director of Environmental Division, Brazilian Develop-

ed the difficulties in securing financing for developing

ment Bank (BNDES)

and manufacturing products to the green markets as

Niels B. Christiansen, CEO, Danfoss

banks and other financial providers perceive the risks

Moderator:

associated with green projects as much higher compared to their traditional portfolio projects. Thus, the

Simon Brooks, Vice President, European Investment

perception of risk implies that green projects in effect

Bank (EIB)

are imposed a “risk penalty”.

Framing content

Panellists also stressed the importance of due dili-

In this session participants discussed to what extent

gence when rolling out the green growth approach in

effective green finance is critical to the success of the

the relevant financial institutions’ organisations – both

transition to a green growth economy and how the per-

on the strategic as well as the operational level.

ceived high risks associated with green investments restrict access to funding.

Recommendations Participants highlighted the following points:

The development banks have increased their focus on

•

catalysing investments into the green growth sectors. One of the drivers behind this development is an in-

accelerate the movement towards green growth; •

creased awareness of the responsibility for future

Develop models and operational methods than can reduce the financial investors´ perception of

generations and social inclusiveness. In addition to the green effect of a project, it is considered important to

Develop innovative financial instruments that can

risk associated with green growth projects; •

Present concrete business cases to the financial

include social impact considerations, i.e. who is bene-

investors documenting the realistic risk of green

fitting from a specific green project. A number of green

growth projects compared to the perceived inves-

markets have emerged as a result of increased public and private investments and innovation in financial in-

tor risk; •

struments. However, there are still significant challenges in mobilizing financial resources for green

Ensure that social impact and inclusiveness are addressed in green growth projects;

•

Ensure access to capital for small green growth

growth projects, one being the high risk perceptions on

projects in Africa, below the multilateral develop-

green markets

ment banks´ threshold of around 50 million USD.

Opportunities The transition to a green economy requires substantial resources in terms of financing. Green financing is essential in creating green growth as it offers companies and developers funds to catch the business opportunities in the green markets. Participants agreed on the importance of developing innovative financial instruments and processes which can accelerate the movement towards a green growth economy. In this context, the development of guarantee schemes that address the perceived higher risk for green projects should also be considered.

36

IN CONVERSATION

Sustainable Cities Panellists:

cept the initial high costs of green growth investments

Rohit Aggarwala, Special Advisor to C40 Chair

and accept that the benefits may not necessarily go to

Frans van Houten, CEO and Chairman, Philips

the same unit, which invested in the first place.


Moderator: Andrew Steer, President, World Resources Institute

Recommendations The following points were highlighted: •

(WRI)

Framing content

Financing: Focus on green public procurement and development of creative financing tools for mobilizing investment towards sustainability;

•

Leadership: Dynamic leaders are needed to drive

By 2050, up to 80 per cent of the global population is

the process forward. Mayors with similar man-

expected to reside in cities, which are increasingly be-

dates around specific issues to create green

coming the focus of sustainability efforts. Cities will be the key figures of the 21st century; the success of

growth networks similar to C 40; •

Tools: Need for new tools to assess urban sustain-

our generation will be measured against our efforts in

ability strategies and solutions (taking into ac-

creating sustainable cities. In this session Participants

count both environmental, social and economic

reflected on how effective solutions to sustainability

aspects)

challenges in cities require innovative collaborations and policies across industry and government.

Opportunities Cities encompass all the elements needed for developing green economies; efficiency, density, shared space and recycling. Cities are spaces for more efficient transportation, shared recreational assets and new technologies exist which can help us to provide resilient solutions in terms of efficient urban lighting. Thus cities have to grow in a sustainable and inclusive way. Participants agreed that public procurement has a lot of potential if it goes green. An example from the Netherlands illustrated how using tenders in an innovative way by keeping prices fixed on new public and asking bidders to compete on finding the best solutions in terms of social and environmental.

Challenges Politicians need to find the balance between giving freedom to cities to develop their creative spaces, while at the same time providing the political frameworks and standards. Participants also highlighted the challenges in terms of getting governments’ and parliaments’ support for urban leaders and new green ideas at city level. Another challenge to creating sustainable cities are the difficulties in making people ac-

37

IN CONVERSATION

Innovative Finance for Energy Efficiency in Buildings Panellists:

of mobilizing the funds required for improvements. It

Peter Bakker, President, World Business Council for

was also pointed out that there are considerable em-

Sustainable Development (WBCSD)

ployment effects (job creation) through “greening

Torben Möger Pedersen, CEO, PensionDanmark

buildings.”

Moderator:

Challenges


The WBCSD has prepared an energy efficiency roadm-

Buildings, Denmark

ap that shows how governments (including local and

Framing content

city administrations), occupants, businesses, builders, material suppliers etc., can align and enhance their ef-

During the session possibilities for mobilizing funds for

forts in order to encourage greater investment in ener-

energy efficient building and the complementary roles

gy conservation. Financial institutions also need to

of public and private actors in this major endeavour

develop loan packages and other instruments to sup-

were explored. Estimates show that the global stock of

port investment in conservation. Risk aversion is a par-

buildings, including homes as well as commercial and

ticular problem. Important additional measures in-

industrial buildings, accounts for around 40 % of the

clude: improved measurement of energy losses and

total consumption of energy. Various studies have also

efficiency gains, the introduction of systems to classi-

shown that improved design of new buildings and ret-

fy buildings according to agreed standards and apply

rofitting of existing buildings could result in very sig-

differential taxes on real estate (just as vehicles are

nificant energy savings and reductions in greenhouse

taxed according to emissions), as well as improved

gas (GHG) emissions. However, finance is required for

quality control (in terms of building materials) and

new energy efficient construction and for retrofitting

training in energy efficient solutions.

and upgrading the building stock. The WBCSD has estimated that 150 million USD per year invested in energy

Recommendations

conservation in buildings could lead to 40 % reduction

Participants concluded that the way forward with pub-

in GHG emissions. According to the International Ener-

lic private partnerships in energy efficient building will

gy Agency (IEA), there are around 200 million buildings

include:

to be upgraded in the OECD countries. The Agency will

•

release a report on the issue in the near future.

Opportunities

vation by setting appropriate standards and targets; •

Based on examples briefly outlined by the panellists and participants, initiatives underway in Australia,

•

Furthermore, given the demand for energy in publicly owned buildings in many countries (offices, schools, etc.), raising energy efficiency standards in the public sector is an important step. Businesses, real estate agents and financial institutions, as well as energy supply utilities, also need to explore innovative means

38

Design of incentive packages involving financial institutions, utilities, etc;

•

have a key role to play in setting standards for “green buildings” and establishing the regulatory framework.

Education and information campaigns on energy savings;

Denmark, France, Mexico, the Netherlands and the US were highlighted. It was pointed out that governments

Government “raising demand” for energy conser-

Investment in public sector building improvements;

•

Establishing codes of conduct for private investors in the real estate sector.

IN CONVERSATION

International Development Panellists:

way by keeping prices fixed on new public and asking

Fazle Abed, Chairman, BRAC

bidders to compete on finding the best solutions in

Christian Friis Bach, Minister for Development

terms of social and environmental.

Cooperation, Denmark

Moderator: Rachel Kyte, Vice President, World Bank.

Framing content

Challenges Participants noted that sustainable green growth will only happen if markets are transparent and if accurate information is available. Getting prices right is necessary to generate investments in green technologies.

The session dealt with the identification of public/pri-

E.g. as long as governments continue to subsidize elec-

vate strategies to overcome barriers for and promote

tricity, it is difficult to make businesses invest in solar

resource efficient green growth in the field of interna-

energy. Participants agreed that getting rid of subsi-

tional development. Poverty alleviation requires eco-

dies is difficult as it severely impacts the poor (even

nomic growth, but growth must be green and inclusive.

though the subsidies primarily benefit the middle

Partnerships between governments, companies and

classes who consume more energy). However, no blue

not-for-profit organisations, such as BRAC, are part of

print has yet been found for careful, poverty-sensitive,

the solution to ensure green growth. Engaging the pri-

ways to eliminate market distorting subsidies.

vate sector in development activities is crucial since businesses drive innovation, transfer green technolo-

As ODA is increasingly focusing on partnerships with

gy and create jobs.

businesses, it may severely hamper development op-

Opportunities

portunities in the poorest or most conflict affected countries which already have difficulties in attracting

Participants identified three key roles for official de-

foreign direct investment. Thus, participants generally

velopment assistance (ODA):

agreed that it will be necessary for aid agencies to work with fragile states using other modus operandi.

1.

2.

3.

ODA as a catalyst for private funding which may ultimately ten-double the impact on poverty. To

Recommendations

this end, ODA should be risk-ready and provide

Participants agreed on the following:

seed money for projects that may attract pension

•

More multi-stakeholder partnerships and trilater-

funds and equity investments from private com-

al cooperation between middle-income countries,

panies at a later stage.

traditional donors and developing countries

ODA as a facilitator of technology transfers,

should be explored in order to stimulate green

knowledge dissemination and policy advice. Part-

growth through technology transfer and knowl-

nering with aid agencies also ensure access to

edge dissemination. (Such partnerships could be

best practices and policy advice (even if it does

based on models like the memorandum of under-

not attract additional funds).

standing between Denmark and Brazil and Den-

ODA as a contribution to the building of state capacity. Green growth requires enabling environ-

mark and the Republic of Korea); •

Governments to reallocate the funds previously

ments which cannot be ensured by civil society or

spent on energy subsidies towards building social

business alone. Stronger state administrations,

security nets with similar poverty alleviating ef-

reliable framework conditions, rule of law and respect for fundamental rights are preconditions for

fects; •

the private sector to create economic growth.

Revisiting of the often cumbersome procedures of aid agencies;

•

Finally, Participantd agreed that it remained a

Participants agreed that public procurement has a lot

general challenge to build and strengthen state

of potential if it goes green. An example from the Neth-

capacity to create national frameworks conducive

erlands illustrated how using tenders in an innovative

for green growth.

39

IN CONVERSATION

Energy for All Panellists:

ronment to catalyse investment. Participants agreed

Juan Rafael Elvira Quesada, Minister for Environ-

that a key element to drive development forward is

ment and Natural Resources, Mexico

governments’ ability of creating conducive environ-


ments for investments in renewable energy. Further-

Steen Riisgaard, CEO, Novozymes

more, it is essential that projects are able to integrate

Moderator: Christoph Frei, Secretary General, World Energy Council

Framing content The focus of the discussion was the challenges of pro-

and build on existing local markets and create increased income for every supplier along the value chain.

Recommendations Participants agreed on the following: •

Ensuring universal access to modern energy ser-

viding developing countries with clean sustainable en-

vices is vital; however increased access to renew-

ergy. Accessing reliable energy is one of the greatest

able energy must be prioritised;

obstacles the developing world faces. 1.3 billion people

•

go without electricity. Twice that number - nearly 40% of the world’s population - lack modern energy servic-

ing energy for all; •

es. Providing these people with energy is a difficult

Delivering energy for the poorest entails the ability to integrate the supply chain, hence projects

task - and ensuring that it occurs in a sustainable and cost-effective way makes the task even more challeng-

Energy efficiency provides a key issue in deliver-

must use the entire value chain as entry points; •

Developing countries need to work to develop an

ing. Participants agreed that fulfilling the SE4ALL

encouraging investment environment by facilitat-

energy access target by 2030 will require increased in-

ing access to enterprise capital.

vestments in the energy sector in the developing world, focussing on both existing and new technical capacities.

Opportunities Access to energy is one of the key drivers for social and economic development. Without access to sustainable and modern energy services there can be no real social or economic development. Sustainable energy fosters enterprise activities that can break the cycle of poverty. Participants agreed that private-sector investment is key to building and serving those markets. Through innovation in energy products and investment in deployment, businesses can create jobs and supply millions of people with the tools they need.

Challenges Achieving energy for all is becoming increasingly affordable with the advance of new technologies. However, we cannot rely on technology alone to bring in the investments needed. Developing countries face the challenge of fostering investments by getting their policies right and providing a business enabling envi-

40

IN CONVERSATION

Green Job Creation Panellists:

Another challenges brought to the table was the con-

Luis Alberto Moreno, President, Inter-American

cern for loss of competitiveness in the transition to

Development Bank (IDB)

green growth and green jobs. In the case of Denmark,

Lars Løkke Rasmussen, Chairman, Global Green

Mr Løkke Rasmussen argued, the many costly green in-

Growth Institute (GGGI)

vestments made over the years have resulted in a situ-

Keung Hwan Kim, Executive Vice President & CTO,

ation where Denmark now suffers from lack of compet-

Samsung C&T Corporation.

itiveness. Therefore, there is a need for more

Moderator: Achim Steiner, Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Framing content

international cooperation on regulation to create equal level playing field.

Recommendations Participants agreed on the following: •

In this session Participants explored opportunities and

gies are key to leverage green investments and a

challenges for the creation of “green jobs” in the transition towards a green economy. There was a general

Policy regulations and sustainable growth strategreen path way;

•

Call for further international cooperation to create

agreement amongst participants that the debate must

equal level playing field for national businesses.

be part of an overall focus on ensuring countries´ and

For instance investing in a truly European frame-

companies´ general competitiveness.

work for a single energy market/European smart

Opportunities

grid; •

Developing a business model for green growth is

Green growth can create new sectors and new mar-

extremely important to positively push business-

kets, triggering new jobs, but it is a matter of striking

es to create greener investments and thus green-

the balance right between technology push caused by policy regulations and market-driven innovations. A

er jobs; •

We must not look at green job creation apart or

global transition to a low-carbon and sustainable econ-

isolated from general competitiveness discus-

omy can create large numbers of green jobs across

sions. We need to link it to creation of skills, define

many sectors of the economy, and indeed can become

general business environment, competition and

an engine of development. Policymakers around the

free trade in general to create a net pool of new

world increasingly recognize that adopting sound envi-

jobs.

ronmental policies can promote.

Challenges Much of the attraction of ‘green’ growth to politicians and policy-makers is the apparent promise of job creation. Throughout the discussions Participants emphasised the complexities in defining green jobs and measuring to what extend these are actually “new jobs” or rather “old jobs” redefined. In the case of Korea’s green transition, Mr Kim referred that the Korean Labour Institute estimates that only 1/3 of jobs are new, green jobs, while 2/3s are jobs where the role has just changed. Thus the creation of new green jobs should be measured against the total net jobs.

41

IN CONVERSATION

Water Security Panellists:

Challenges


Water will be our biggest challenge over the next few

Fahed Bin Mohammed Al-Attiyah, Chairman, Qatar

decades, not because of climate change, but because

National Food Security Programme and Organizing

of population growth and economic development.

Sub-Committee

Whether and how a government chooses to tackle

Moderator:

these difficult questions has important implications for economic growth, development and long-term

Dominique Waughray, Senior Director, World

competitiveness of a country. Political systems are

Economic Forum (WEF)

slow in responding and responses can be inadequate

Framing content

or directly harmful. Panellist agreed that silo-thinking in governments and institutions is hampering sustain-

Water security is one of the most tangible and fast-

able utilisation of water resources. For far too many

est-growing social, political and economic challenged

years “water people” have been talking to “water peo-

faced today. It plays an important catalysing role in the

ple” only.

growth of a country, enabling the development of key economic pillars, such as food production, energy sup-

Recommendations

ply and industrial growth. During the session partici-

Participants reached the following conclusions:

pants sought to address the complex challenges and

•

We have the technologies to overcome water

opportunities of water security and explore how it is

shortages but policies are not in place to facilitate

intrinsically linked to economic growth across a nexus

the needed investments;

of issues.

•

Opportunities

•

portant step forward ;

Governments can play a role in setting frameworks, but

There must be political commitment at the highest level to increase water efficiency to attract

many other stakeholders have a role to play in delivering solutions. This challenge means that coalitions are

The water-energy-food nexus approach is an im-

the required investments; •

Governments must improve their regulatory

required: public private partnerships focused on meet-

framework and get better organised on the water

ing the water security challenge. Sustainable water

agenda.

saving technologies are available and - with the right incentives - ready to be applied. The agricultural sector, being the biggest consumer of water resources, already has the technologies available to dramatically reduce water consumption. However, wrong policies and wasteful incentives, are delaying the introduction of these new technologies. Participants agreed that there are great opportunities for public private partnerships in the water area – also in developing countries. However, the appropriate regulatory framework must be in place in order to encourage such cooperation.

42

IN CONVERSATION

Renewable Energy and New Business Models Panellists:

ergy based on coal is ‘bundled’ with requirements for

Betty Maina, CEO, Kenya Association of Manufacturers

investments in renewables.

Vineet Mittal, Co-founder and Managing Director, Welspun Energy

Moderator: George Kell, Executive Director, UN Global Compact

Framing content

Challenges The energy policies and regulations in many countries do not provide the required incentives and security for investors in the renewable energy sector. A major barrier to the expansion of renewable energy and for investments in energy efficiency therefore lies in the

The renewable energy sector is expanding rapidly and

challenge of financing. Other issues pertain to land

new business models are developing whereby the pri-

ownership in areas where the installation of for exam-

vate sector becomes an important partner in the provi-

ple large scale solar power plants may be feasible. In

sion of especially small and micro-scale solutions, in-

remote areas the installation of basic infrastructure, as

cluding off-grid electricity supply. In developing

for example in Kenya, where plans to install large scale

countries with low energy access these systems offer

wind power face difficulties due to poor or no access

large social impacts for poor people. Incentives for fur-

roads for transport of equipment. The choice of energy

ther expansion and larger scale investments from the

solutions may in some cases be influenced by powerful

private sector and banks are highly dependent on na-

agents such as the oil industry leading to a bias against

tional energy policies and regulations in order to se-

renewables. In terms of access to technology, a chal-

cure investments and remove barriers for expansion of

lenge in India lies in local governments’ requirements

non-traditional energy sources.This session was draw-

to ‘local content’ whereby the technology used must

ing primarily on examples from India and Kenya.

be (full or partly) based on local products. This may

Opportunities At the level of energy policy and regulations there are

prevent the use of latest technology and prevent access to finance.

many opportunities for incentivizing the expansion of

Recommendations

renewable energy. An example brought up from Kenya,

Participants reached the following conclusions:

where the government is currently revising its regula-

•

Governments play a big role in ensuring that ener-

tions in relation to feed-in tariffs, which will allow the

gy policies and regulations do not discriminate

connection of decentralized energy systems to the

against the expansion of renewable energy in the

grid. Other opportunities lie in servicing remote areas

overall energy supply matrix, and in ensuring that

where the rapid expansion of mobile telephones has

the sector becomes attractive for private sector

spurred the installation of small, privately owned solar power systems.

investments; •

The concept of ensuring energy for all holds large potential for renewable energy expansion and has

On a larger scale, industries which can make a profit

many social impacts. Focus on energy should

from decreasing the ‘environmental footstep’ of their

therefore be placed high on the overall develop-

products have incentives for increasing the share of

ment agenda and we should look further at how to

cleaner energy in the production, as the example from one of India’s largest textile industries showed.

spur local economic development; •

Further research in renewables (both technology

Government policy can also spur the expansion of re-

and mapping of e.g. potentials for solar and wind

newable energy through cross subsidizing as the case

power) is required in order to provide cost-effi-

in India, where investments in traditional thermal en-

cient solutions.

43

IN CONVERSATION

Capital Markets Panellists:

veloped in order to reassure investors. The risk assess-

Michael Liebreich, CEO, Bloomberg New Energy

ment must show an upside to an investment. Other-

Finance

wise the private sector will never have the sufficient

Morgan Herve-Mignucci, Senior Analyst, Climate

incentives to engage and invest in green growth.

Policy Initiative (CPI)

Moderator:

Recommendations Participants agreed that in order to engage the capital

Mark Halle, Executive Director, International

markets in green growth the following needs to be ad-

Institution for Sustainable Development (IISD)

dressed:

Framing content

•

The risks: Important to clearly define who will

The transitioning to a green, climate resilient economy

bear the risk. It must become safer – thus more at-

will require significant investment. The financing

tractive- for business to invest in green growth.

sources from public sectors are limited and there is an

One possible solution is to share the risk between

urgent need to attract financing from the private sec-

the public and the private sector such as the Dan-

tor. In this session Participants examined the challeng-

ish case of PFA-Pension, Siemens and the Danish

es in mobilizing capital flows for the transition towards a green economy, focusing on how to change the cur-

Government; •

The incentive environment: Incentives need to be

rent environment, in order to incentivize private-sec-

altered to get the capital market interested in in-

tor financing from banks and capital market for green

vesting in green growth. At the moment the risks

growth.

Opportunities

are too high; •

forms must shift the incentives and the risk pro-

Sustainability is an asset; sustainably is becoming an

files of the capital markets so that financing of the

important part of companies’ core strategies and investors are looking for opportunities to develop sus-

The policy environment: Policy and regulatory re-

green economy becomes commercially viable; •

Innovations in financing systems: There is a need

tainable businesses. However, green financing often

for more knowledge on capital markets and inno-

tends to be seen as an environmental factor only. Par-

vative financing models. This knowledge needs to

ticipants agreed that there is a need to combine the

be mainstreamed. Calls for in depth examining in

economic, social and environmental aspects of these

future 3GF-sessions.

drivers. Sustainability is not only about the environment, but about taking into account the triple bottom line of economic, social and environmental factors.

Challenges The public investments are not going to have the sufficient effect alone, and thus there is a need for private funding – engagement of the capital markets. This needs to be driven mobilized by innovative financing mechanisms and smart public policy. Despite the ever emerging interest in green initiatives asset allocation of capital markets to such green investments remains low. Participants agreed that the high risk perceptions of green markets are still hampering green investment at scale. It is crucial that these (real or perceived) risks need to be addressed and risk mitigation strategies de-

44

IN CONVERSATION

Economic Growth Strategies Panellists:

structure right and get policy frameworks right. Only

Connie Hedegaard, Commissioner for Climate

then will investments in green innovations and tech-

Action, European Commission

nology be attractive to the private sector.

Soogil Young, Chairman, Presidential Committee on Green Growth, Republic of Korea

Moderator:

Challenges Participants and panellists alike felt that the current economic crisis poses a major challenge to the con-

Mattia Romani, Director, Global Green Growth

cept of green growth as it reduces the funds available

Institute (GGGI)

for investments in green technologies. However, it

Framing content

was also argued that the real challenge is not how to end the current economic crises, as this will happen

The session brought together business and political

sooner or later due to the general economic cycles.

leaders in an informal dialogue on the possibilities for

Rather, it was felt that the real challenge will be to

reconciling growth and global environmental con-

ensure a job-rich recovery. Research has shown that

cerns. Discussions focused on the question of how to

the green sector – renewables, waste and energy ef-

cope with the needs and requirements of an ever

ficiency – has the potential to create 5 million jobs in

growing population without depleting global resourc-

the EU alone, thus highlighting the need to kick-start

es, how to ensure job-rich growth, and how to en-

investments in this sector.

courage investments in green growth technologies. The panellist also questioned whether it will be The panellists agreed that the increasing needs of

possible to ensure continued growth as countries

the global population – such as the need for 50 pct.

grow richer. World Bank figures were cited to prove

more food, 35 pct. more energy and 30 pct. more wa-

that annual average growth rates in rich countries

ter by 2030 – can only be met through green growth.

have declined since the 1960s. In these rich coun-

Several examples were given - including air pollution

tries, it was argued, it might be better to change

levels in Mexico City and the melting of glaciers in the

focus from economic growth as measured by GDP

past 50 years - to prove that the current “brown-

towards improvements in the quality of life and gen-

growth” model is collapsing. It was generally agreed

eral well-being.

that governments and politicians have the obligation to move their economies beyond the “short-term’ism”

Recommendations

of the current growth model and enforce a stronger

Key recommendations from the session were the fol-

focus on long-term sustainability through policies,

lowing:

rules and regulations.

•

GDP-measurements cannot stand alone; parame-

Opportunities

ters such as pollution costs need to be taken into

The participants felt that green growth is not a contradiction in terms, as argued by some. Rather, strong

The notion of growth might need to be revised.

account as well ; •

The current economic crisis needs to be over-

synergies exist between “green” and “growth”. Gov-

come, not by focusing on growth alone, but by

ernment regulation to protect the environment will

ensuring investments in the green economy,

often generate business opportunities and create the

thereby creating high-quality, job-rich and sus-

foundation for new comparative advantages in the longer term. This is increasingly recognized - also by

tainability growth; •

Time has come to turn the burden of proof to

businesses - and the export successes of first-mover

those arguing for business as usual, not on those

countries were highlighted to prove the point. Such

advocating for green growth: Is there any evi-

green growth models require, however, that govern-

dence that the brown economy will be able to

ments get targets right, get prices right, get incentive

ensure continued growth?

45

Country Sessions Morocco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Turkey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Germany. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

47

Country session

Morocco Panellists:

and unsustainable subsidies. A coordinated approach

Musthapha Bakkoury, President and Chief Execu-

was considered particularly relevant in the wake of the

tive Officer, Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy

Arab spring and the current global economic crisis.

(MASEN) Saïd Mouline, Director General, Agency for Energy

The Ourzazate case: The Ouarzazate solar power

Efficiency and Renewables (ADEREE) and President of

plant is an excellent example of a public-private part-

the Green Economy Commission of the General

nership, also including bilateral and multilateral part-

Confederation of Moroccan Enterprises

ners, financial institutions and wealth funds. Partici-

Najib Saab, Secretary General, Arab Forum for

pants shared best practices on designing, planning and

Environment and Development (AFED)

financing a project of this scale.

Nena Stoiljkovic, Vice President, International Finance Cooperation (IFC)

Moderator:

Financing: The variety of, and complexities in, national concessional loans and grants was discussed in detail. Participants examined how international coopera-

Adnan Z. Amin, Director General, International

tion can enhance the quality of public-private

Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

partnerships similar to the Moroccan examples. It was highlighted that the issue was most often not lack of

With a new renewable energy law and a national re-

finance, but rather lack of coordination, capacity and

newable energy plan in place, the stage is set for a

know-how. The International Finance Cooperation sig-

massive green growth transition in Morocco. Besides

nalled interest in contributing more to educating fi-

focusing on energy efficiency and grid development,

nancial institutions on risks, space, schemes and in-

the government will mainly focus on greening the pow-

struments

er generation sector. The new production capacity will

investments.

available

for

doing

green

growth

be based on national resources, which mainly implies hydro-, wind- and solar power. Participants agreed that

Potential partners: There was a general interest in

Moroccan green growth transition will only be possible

learning from the Moroccan experiences across the

through partnerships involving public, private, institu-

value chains. Representatives from the Ivory Coast

tional and financial investors across all levels.

showed interest in visiting Morocco to discuss and share best practices. The African Development Bank,

Participants discussed the following points:

The International Finance Cooperation and the Inter-

Morocco as a first mover in the MENA region:

national Renewable Energy Agency where all keen to

Broad recognition of the visionary moves by Morocco.

explore the possibility of partnering up with Morocco

The country has started its transition to green growth

and other interested partners.

from the right point of departure by looking at policies and regulative frameworks. Participants highlighted

Innovations in financing systems: There is a need

the need to focus more on the opportunities and pros-

for more knowledge on capital markets and innovative

pects for furthering the regional collaboration. A coor-

financing models. This knowledge needs to be main-

dinated regional approach would also mitigate some of

streamed. Calls for in depth examining in future

the social, economic and political risks that are often

3GF-sessions.

associated with going green and removing inefficient

48

Country session

China Panellists:

ing businesses, must be encouraged towards a more

Wang Zhongying, Deputy Director General, Energy

sustainable energy mix.

Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC)

Need for coordinated action to live up to ambi-

Qin Haiyan, Secretary General, Chinese Wind Energy

tious goals: Although progress has been made to

Association (CWEA) and General Director of China

transform China’s energy mix towards more sustaina-

General Certification Center (CGC)

ble solutions, the progress is too slow – renewable en-

Xie Zhengwu, Vice General Manager, CECEP Consult-

ergy accounts for only 8 % of China’s energy consump-

ing Company

tion. Obstacles include problems of scale, distribution

Wang Gang, Vice General Manager, Yingli Group

and guaranteeing the sources. With growing industries

Wang Yao, General Manager, Longyuan (Beijing) Solar

it will be difficult to reduce current energy consump-

Engineering Technology Corporation

tion. Significant action is needed and the speed of the

Bi Yaxiong, Executive Vice President, China Three

current power structure transformation must be in-

Gorges Corporation

creased to meet the 12th Five-year Plan.

Zhang Zhengling, Director, Development and Planning Department, State Grid Corporation

Moderators:

New Energy Demonstration Cities as specific initiatives: As part of its energy strategy in the 12th Five-year Plan, China plans to have 100 new energy

Shi Lishan, Deputy Director General, National Energy

demonstration cities (NEDCs) by 2015. To become a

Administration (NEA)

NEDC, a city must make full use of local renewable en-

Jonathan Sinton, China Programme Manager, Interna-

ergy sources including solar (PV), wind, geothermal or

tional Energy Agency (IEA)

biological. The energy consumption must be a balanced mix with a high proportion coming from local re-

The panel presented and discussed China’s plan to

newable energy sources. Possible microgrid systems to

push ahead in greening its energy system, the associ-

complement the current systems. Examples of NEDCs

ated business opportunities and the experiences of

include Dezhou (solar), Wuhu (biomass) and Huheha-

public-private interaction in planning and implementa-

ote (mixed). Partnerships between local government

tion.

and business key to success as well as cooperation with overseas companies and governments.

Participants discussed the following points: New energy demands: After many years of conventional energy sources, China’s growth has challenged the country to find ways to green its energy system to stem the resulting rise in carbon emissions. Its drive for renewables has led to a remarkable growth in installed capacity as well as the development of an associated industry. China’s 12th Five-year Plan presents significant goals for more sustainable energy solutions focusing on renewable energy. There was agreement that it was not only a question of securing supply – demand must also follow and energy consumers, includ-

49

Country session

Turkey Panellists:

have been undertaken with central government agen-

Mehmet Ceylan, Deputy Minister of Development,

cies, but it is important to include the regional level

Government of the Republic of Turkey

into the green growth agenda alongside with the pri-

Rachel Kyte, Vice President, World Bank

vate sector. The establishment of the Turkish Regional

FeyhanYaşar, Chairperson, Turkish-Danish Business

Development Agencies was mentioned as possible

Council under the Foreign Economic Relations Board of

platform for accelerating green growth through pub-

Turkey and Vice Chairperson, Hedef A.S

lic-private collaboration.

Moderator:

Some barriers to be overcome: The green growth

Sibel Güven, Managing Director, Economic Policy

agenda has important lessons to learn from experi

Research Foundation of Turkey (TEPAV)

ences with trade liberalization around the world: There will be winners and losers and changes can be espe-

The term green growth is rather new in Turkey. Howev-

cially hard on rigid labour markets. Participants empha-

er, this does not mean that nothing has been done on

sized that it is essential to prepare and enhance the

this front so far. The government has championed ef-

skills of the work force in Turkey to adjust to green

forts in greening the Turkish economy and increasing

growth in order to reduce the negative effects. The

the implementation of PPPs in several areas. Framing

cost of doing business and the low capacity of the pub-

the session, the Deputy Minister for Development of

lic sector were also mentioned as barriers to the green

Turkey, Mehmet Ceylan, presented key points from Tur-

growth transition.

key’s coming 10th National Development Plan, which is currently under preparation. Special attention was giv-

Increased sectorial approach: There is already a

en to the place of renewable energy and energy effi-

history of PPP’s in Turkey to build on. Public-private

ciency.

collaborations have been carried out in energy production, transmission, transportation, municipal services

Participants discussed the following points:

(water supply and sanitation), and agricultural sector.

Potential for green growth in Turkey: The inclu-

However, the current legal framework needs to be

sion of sustainable development as a cross cutting is-

strengthened and new sectors need to be included,

sue in Turkey’s national development has led to green

e.g. the mining sector.

growth even though it was not the explicit purpose. The government has set the target to increase the share of renewable sources to 30% in Turkey’s total electricity production and increasing energy efficiency by 20% until 2020. In order to reach these targets the government offers generous incentives for green investments. Strengthening public-private partnerships: The ambition of Turkey to be among top 10 economies and its plans to turn towards renewable energy cannot be realized by the government alone but necessitates partnerships with the private sector. Participants highlighted that there is a need for targeted public investments to prepare the field for private actors. Most PPPs

50

Country session

Indonesia Panellists:

that PPP’s can be an important instrument in pursuing

Balthasar Kambuaya, Minister for the Environment,

the Indonesian government’s clean energy objectives.

Government of the Republic of Indonesia

However, it was also raised, that Indonesia will not

Bapak Gusrizal, Senior Vice President, Pertamina

reach renewable energy target without support from

Seethapathy Chander, Director General, Asian

international partners.

Development Bank (ADB)

Moderator:

Urbanization: Indonesia is facing continuing urbanization and demographic pressures. There was a gener-

Jeremy Oppenheimer, Director, McKinsey and

al agreement that it is important to find sustainable

Company

solutions to increasing demands for infrastructure and electricity. Furthermore Participants agreed that coop-

The Indonesian Minister for the Environment present-

eration on ‘Green Cities’ could be an important way for-

ed the country’s regulatory framework and policy ob-

ward for Indonesia.

jectives for the energy sector, including the Vision 25/25 on energy diversification and energy mix (25 % renewables by 2025). State-owned Pertamina, Indonesia’s integrated oil, gas and petrochemical company, presented the Integrated Renewable Energy Roadmap and outlined concrete initiatives in support of the government’s Vision 25/25 in areas such as biofuels, geothermal, CBM, wind energy potency mapping, and waste to energy technologies. Asian Development Bank highlighted some of the main opportunities and challenges for Indonesia in years to come, including demographic and social pressures and rising energy demands. Participants discussed the following points: Development of the energy sector: The Indonesian government has already shown a clear political commitment at the highest level to pursue clean energy objectives - both at the policy level and in terms of concrete initiatives. Thus the regulatory framework is in place. Challenges: Challenges remain in terms of existing energy subsidy schemes, capital allocation, and demands for expanded energy infrastructure. Oil and gas will continue to be the main energy source in years to come. Public-Private Partnerships: Participants agreed

51

Country session

Germany Panellists: Karsten Sach, Deputy Director General, German

The importance of ensuring a politically stable

Ministry of Environment, Nature Conservation and

environment: There was a general consensus that a

Nuclear Safety

stable political environment is of crucial importance for

Caio Koch-Weser, Vice Chairman, Deutsche Bank

the implementation of a project of the German magni-

Group

tude.

Simon Brooks, Vice President, European Investment Bank (EIB)

Moderator: Rick Samans, Executive Director, Global Green

The need to expand electricity transmission nets: A central challenge is to expand the German transmission nets and storage capacities to reflect the foreseen increase in the reliance on renewables.

Growth Institute (GGGI) Public-private partnerships: The German project The session focused on the German power sector

offers new opportunities for PPP’s. Many semi-official

transformation plan, locally known as Energiewende.

enterprises have already become involved.

Germany has started phasing out the use of nuclear energy, and the reasoning behind this decision was

Nightmare scenario: A nightmare scenario would un-

presented as a threefold strategy: The German Gov-

fold if by 2015 – 2016 no major results have been

ernment wishes to 1) maintain energy security and at

achieved under the project and energy prices rise.

the same time 2) improve the climate situation. Finally the strategy is to 3) maintain long term economic growth and employment. The session also shared best practices on how the political and financial support for Energiewende was developed. Participants discussed the following points: The importance of “popularization”: There was general agreement that in order to accomplish a task as monumental as the German project it is necessary to communicate the project to and attain the support of the population as well as the private sector/investors. The project must come across as attractive and a national consensus for change should be built. The German Government is investing a large amount of resources to this end. Investments: Annual investments in renewable energy are needed to the tune of 30 billion Euros.

52

Country session

Brazil Panellists: Carlos Augusto Klink, Secretary of Climate Change

Technology development is key: The introduction

and Environmental Quality, Ministry of Environment,

of new technologies and new production methods in a

Brazil

range of sectors is a key factor for ensuring green

Oded Grajew, General Coordinator of the ‘Our Sao

growth. It was raised by Participants, that Brazil has

Paulo Network’ and of the Sustainable Cities Program

the scale needed for the introduction of new technolo-

and President Emeritus of Ethos Institute of Business

gies and for testing new approaches. Moreover new

and Social Responsibility

technologies and methods have an added value in

Sergio Eduardo Weguelin Vieira, Deputy Managing

making industries more efficient and competitive. Ac-

Director of Environmental Division, Brazilian Develop-

cess to financing is very important, and south-south

ment Bank (BNDES)

cooperation can help the dispersion of new technolo-

Luis Alberto Moreno, President, Inter-American

gies and methods.

Development Bank (IDB)

Moderator:

New incentives important to attract partners for green growth: In order to promote green growth it is

Tom Heller, Executive Director, Climate Policy

necessary to get a range of new players on board, in-

Initiative (CPI)

cluding the private and the finance sectors. This calls for new approaches to making green growth actions

The panel presented and discussed Brazil’s policies

attractive, including both push and pull incentives.

within the area of green growth and highlighted strat-

Among the approaches discussed were 1) the need for

egies to include and engage relevant sectors, not least

a more realistic resource pricing 2) making sustainabil-

the private and financial sectors in the efforts to pro-

ity a factor in the competition for political office 3) and

mote green growth. The importance of technology de-

higher ranking of companies that do well on green

velopment and change of production methods was also

growth factors.

emphasized. Participants discussed the following points: A targeted political effort is needed to make the change to green growth: Brazil is a principal global player in food and energy production that are fundamental to climate change. Brazil should work to reduce its 2020 projected emissions by between 36 – 39%, through: plans to reduce deforestation and forest degradation in the Amazon and Cerrrado biomes; sector plans for energy efficiency, low carbon agriculture, industry, mining, transportation, and health; the establishment of a climate change fund; the creation of a Brazilian market for reduction of emissions.

53

Breakfast Sessions Food Futures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Green Innovation Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Biofuels for Aviation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Green Business Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Green Growth Best Practices Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Hydrogen for Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 List of Participants 3GF2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

55

breakfast session

Food Futures A staggering 24 % of all food calories grown today is

A few words of caution: Participants shared a few

lost or wasted between the farm and the fork. But a

words of caution when it comes to entertaining a new

“war on food waste” has yet to be fully waged. Now is

PPP on food loss and waste:Only do a partnership if it is

the time to do so, particularly as global demand is rising

absolutely necessary. Transaction costs of partnerships

and food prices are hitting historic highs. Participants

can be high.

discussed how cooperation between the public and

•

One needs to scope the boundaries of such initia-

private sectors will be an important part of that strate-

tive tightly; otherwise it gets too broad and un-

gy. They asked themselves “how can public-private

wieldy. Participants mentioned biofuels (a use for

partnerships be leveraged to reduce food loss and

food waste), off-farm food harvesting (e.g., wild

waste? What lessons can be learned from PPP experience on other issues? And what role could organisations in the audience play?”

game), the food quality (nutrition) issue, etc. •

Be able to identify what value to the table a global PPP would bring that isn’t being met by the local efforts that exist

Participants highlighted the following points: We need a movement: Reducing food loss and waste

Moderator:

is one of those issues that “seems like a win-win-win”

Andrew Steer, President and CEO, World Resources

for the economy, environment, and people (producers

Institute (WRI)

and consumers), but there is not a rallying cry to move on it like there is on some other issues. The opportuni-

Panellists:

ty seems ripe for a “movement” to tackle food loss and

Mette Gjerskov, Minister for Food, Agriculture, and

waste.

Fisheries, Denmark Peder Tuborgh, CEO, Arla Foods

Some key success factors to keep in mind: Partici-

Fokko Wientjes, Director of Sustainability, DSM

pants described a number of key success factors on

Dominic Waughray, Senior Director, World Economic

PPPs that would be applicable to a PPP to tackle food

Forum (WEF)

loss and waste, namely: Find partners with comple-

Craig Hanson, Director, People & Ecosystems

mentary competencies, set a shared target (even if you

Program, World Resources Institute (WRI)

don’t know yet how to get there), measure progress, tackle both production and demand sides of the equa-

Organiser of the initiative:

tion, capture the imagination of those who need to act

Craig Hanson, Director, People & Ecosystems

(via images, statistics), engage policymakers, leverage

Program, World Resources Institute (WRI), chanson@

private sector (e.g., food manufacturers, retailers) to

wri.org

influence behaviours of consumers and farmers, mobilize people via social networks and more. What gets measured gets managed: Although some basic figures on food loss and waste exist, data is still sparse by country and by company/value chain. What is needed is the development and widespread use of a protocol for quantifying food loss and waste. Once countries and companies measure how much (and where in the value chain) food is lost or wasted, they are likely to be motivated to take steps to curtail the loss/waste. Developing such a protocol would be a good PPP, akin to what WRI did on greenhouse gases with the WBCSD.

56

breakfast session

Green Innovation Project Participants discussed cultivating innovation ecosys-

els through its ARPA-E program (mainly for defence),

tems and looking beyond technology transfer to en-

but also through energy innovation hubs focused on

courage greater levels of innovation in developing

universities, and national labs which are responsible

countries. Various national and regional initiatives

for translating ideas to marketplace with varied suc-

were highlighted, and discussion focused on how to

cess.

integrate these initiatives into formal processes. What should a technology mechanism look like to Participants highlighted the following points:

be most effective: The focus should move away from

Supporting

innovation

process and toward institution, and examine the ele-

should focus on cultivating ecosystems: Projects

ments that need to form a top down structure for bet-

need to go beyond technology transfer and build on

ter consistency and coverage. Important to look at ex-

existing programs in the areas of trade, standards,

isting national initiatives that are already doing this

subsidies, research, collaborative efforts, patent

successfully and build on best practices.

developing

country

pools, etc. More support is needed for disseminating best practices, catalysing entrepreneurship, de-risk-

Closing discussion on integrating ideas into formal pro-

ing investments, and promoting monitoring and evalu-

cesses: Suggestions were put forward to use the UN-

ation.

FCCC COP meetings as a platform for adopting new ideas; the OECD was also offered as a body that could

Danish initiatives are taking steps to fill these gaps, but constraints still exist: The Government

potentially house discussions on cooperation policies.

of Denmark aims via its bilateral development assis-

Moderator:

tance to inject more innovation and entrepreneurship

Rick Samans, Executive Director, Global Green

into the development process by facilitating develop-

Growth Institute (GGGI)

ment of partnerships and combining universities, civil society and businesses to focus on needs. The Climate

Panellists:

Innovation Center in Kenya was highlighted as an inno-

Christian Friis-Bach, Minister for Development

vative example. Constraints for these initiatives in-

Cooperation, Denmark

clude intellectual property, trade barriers, and creating

Katherine Sierra, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institu-

ownership among local partners.

tion Juan Rafael Elvira Quesada, Minister for Environ-

Mexican diplomacy and national initiatives seek

ment and Natural Resources, Mexico

to bolster formal international institutional pro-

Graham Pugh, Director, Office of International

cesses: Meetings held at COP16 in Cancun under-

Climate Change Policy and Technology, United States

scored the need for technology centers. As a result, an

Department of Energy

independent center for sustainable development was created in Mexico, with a focus on understanding prac-

Organisers of the initiative:

tical problems.Next steps for similar initiatives will be

Katherine Sierra, Senior Fellow, Brookings

to establish networks/incubators, and create better

Institution, [email protected]

engagement with the private sector.

Rick Samans, Executive Director, Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), [email protected]

There is a need to understand how innovation happens, and experiment with alternative models: Need to understand how policy, technology and markets work in conjunction with one another, and determine how they fit into new markets and new areas. The US has been experimenting with alternative mod-

57

breakfast session

Biofuels for Aviation After preliminary discussions on the current state of avia-

ogies that provide the ultimate solution for sustainable

tion biofuels and the need for the aviation sector to look at

energy for aviation.

this energy source in the medium- and long-term, the sustainable aviation biofuels group concluded on the follow-

The PPP initiatives are imperative to reach a combination

ing action-items:

of economic and practical solutions that assure a realistic road map towards a sustainable aviation industry.

Participants highlighted the following points: It would be beneficial for the aviation industry to formulate

Some form of prioritisation of biofuels for use by aviation

a long-term road map including mapping the biofuel feed-

(and other sectors which have no alternative to liquid fuels

stock and production possibilities in numerous locations

in the foreseeable future) should be explored. At the very

worldwide. The roadmap should outline the key challenges

leas t, aviation biofuels should be allowed to compete on

that need to be overcome in each location and clearly state

an equal basis with biofuels for road transport, which they

the expected timeframes for development. Importantly, it

currently cannot do in, for example, Europe.

should also determine the regulatory framework needed to ensure the required investments and production capac-

The participants agreed to set to work on formalising

ities to meet both aviation’s biofuel quantity demand and

these initiatives during the next 12 months, firstly within

price level, competitive with fossil kerosene.

the Nordic region but with the possibility to be expanded towards a broader area.

The Nordic Sustainable Fuels Initiative will be used as an inspiration for what is required on a broader basis, consid-

Moderator:

ering local capabilities and needs. More involvement of

Robert Arendal, Chairman, Sustainable Biofuels

multinational oil companies is a vital step to determining

Network

the feasibility of producing, delivering and storage of large quantities of sustainable biofuels to aviation and should

Panellists:

be explored further.

Henrik Bindslev, Vice Dean for Research, Aarhus University

Different regulatory sustainability standards exist world-

Haldane Dodd, Head of Communications, Air Transport

wide, using incompatible methodologies e.g. for determi-

Action Group (ATAG)

nation of lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions. In order to

Kristine het van Erve Grunnet, Head of Secretariat,

allow international airlines to get recognition of their bio-

Danish Bioenergy Association

fuel use in all relevant countries, it is desirable to harmo-

Jesper Nerlov, Executive Vice President,

nise or at least agree on mutual recognition of sustainabil-

HaldorTopsøe A/S

ity standards.

Martin Porsgaard, Director of Sustainability and Environment, Scandinavian Airlines (SAS)

Governments should be encouraged to provide incentives

Seungwook Yang, President, Hyundai Motor Europe

for the use of sustainable fuels by the aviation sector – in-

TechnicalCenter GmbH

cluding de-risking the investment of fuel partners in feedstock production, technical production solutions and infra-


structure development.

Robert Arendal, Chairman, Sustainable Biofuels Network, [email protected]

Governments and scientific research organisations should

Martin Porsgaard, Director of Sustainability and

be encouraged to support and provide fundings for pilot

Environment, Scandinavian Airlines (SAS), martin.

projects, new feedstocks and production pathways.

[email protected] Haldane Dodd, Head of Communications, Air Transport

Both intermediate and long-term framework should be

Action Group (ATAG), [email protected]

considered, taking into consideration the presently availa-

Kristine het van Erve Grunnet, Head of Secretariat,

ble technologies as a stepping stone towards new technol-

Danish Bioenergy Association, [email protected]

58

breakfast session

Green Business Models Participants discussed and showed how companies

Moderator:

can change the way they do business to focus on

Dirk Pilat, Head of Structural Policy Division,

sustainability and environmental protection and

Directorate for Science, Technology & Industry,

make a good business case. Barriers to greening

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop-

companies were identified as well as potential meas-

ment (OECD)

ures that can support the transformation of companies’ business models.

Panellists: Georg Kell, Executive Director, United Nations Global

Participants highlighted the following points:

Compact

Companies are starting to change the way they

Connie Hedegaard, Commissioner for Climate

do business: There is a new global trend that is

Action, European Commission

moving fast where companies are changing the way

Michael Dithmer, Permanent Secretary of State for

they do business by focusing on being socially and

Business and Growth, Ministry of Business and

environmentally responsible. However, there are still

Growth, Denmark

many companies which are continuing to do business

Peter Bakker, President, World Business Council of

as usual.

Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Ellen MacArthur, Founder, Ellen MacArthur

New ways of doing business require new val-

Foundation

ue-chains: As focus shifts towards the new para-

Peter Madden, CEO, Forum of the Future

digm of a circular economy, it will be necessary to

Henk de Bruin, Senior VP and Head of Sustainability,

build new value-chains. In order to reduce resources

Philips

or use them in a new way, companies and govern-

Stef Kranendijk, CEO, Desso

ments will have to build and act according to a new

Steen Riisgaard, CEO and President, Novozymes

business infrastructure.


Long-term solutions must be addressed: Markets

Kristian Henriksen, Special Advisor, Ministry of

tend to think short-term but policy can assist in en-

Business and Growth, Denmark, [email protected]

hancing long term thinking through setting targets

Natalia Glette, Senior Advisor, Nordic Innovation,

on renewables, creating standards to promote green

[email protected]

solutions and regulation to encourage green business models. New criteria for a growth model (GDP) should be set forth to support the new paradigm of green growth. This will require systems thinking from governments and the development of new infrastructure and systems. Scaling up and financing: In order to scale up the use of green business models, it will be necessary to enhance access to finance. Capital markets think short term and are less willing to invest in costly machinery or processes in companies that want to reuse resources or green themselves in other ways. New business models must be developed in the finance sector to enable a green transition of companies.

59

breakfast session

Green Growth Best Practices Initiative This session shared success stories and lessons from

Communication of Benefits. Significant effort needs

green growth initiatives around the world by govern-

to be devoted to communicating the value proposition

ments and the private sector. It also included a short

for and benefits of green growth to all stakeholders to

overview of the Green Growth Best Practices and dis-

build their support and to overcome resistance from en-

cussion across the participants on priority topics for

trenched interest groups.

in-depth assessment and peer learning on green growth.

Global Best Practice Assessment of High Value. The participants noted strong interest in the planned as-

Participants highlighted the following green growth best

sessment of green growth best practices, sharing addi-

practices and issues where comparative analysis and

tional specific suggestions for the analysis and noting

peer learning across government and business programs

interest in contributing as authors and in peer learning

could have high value.

and exchange forums.

Strong Institutional Frameworks and Political Sup-

Moderator:

port: Denmark and the Republic of Korea have enjoyed

Ron Benioff, Director, Green Growth Best Practice

success with their green growth programs in large part

(GGBP) Initiative

due to the commitment of their political leaders and to the establishment of well-developed processes for inte-

Panellists:

gration of green growth into planning and budgeting pro-

Pia Olsen-Dyhr, Minister for Trade and Industry,

cess for government agencies.

Denmark Soogil Young, Chairman Presidential Committee on

Competitiveness Value of Green Transformation.

Green Growth, Republic of Korea

Several businesses and governments have recognized

Michael Liebreich, CEO, Bloomberg New Energy

that green transformations of systems are required to

Finance

catalyse sustained economic growth. There is a need for

Dickson Giles, Vice President, Alstom

enhanced analysis and documentation of the impacts on

Howard Bamsey, Special Government Advisor on

competitiveness of the long-term investments that busi-

Green Growth, Australia

nesses and governments are making in green technologies, systems, and infrastructure. This could include


compiling the best available information from around the

Ron Benioff, Director, Green Growth Best Practice

world on the current and projected market positioning of

Initiative (GGBP) and Program Manager, U.S. National

these leading businesses and governments relative to

Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Global

their peers who are pursuing more traditional paths. This

Green Growth Institute (GGGI), [email protected]

will also help overcome the arguments of doubters on the cost of green growth investments. Fostering Leadership through Innovation and Peer Pressure. Green transformation often requires a commitment to policy, technology, and business innovation. Government innovation policies, horizontal business integration, and education and recognition / peer pressure programs are key elements for success.

60

breakfast session

Hydrogen for Transport Signing of Nordic Agreement on market introduction of

Statement by Bo Diczfalusy, Director, International

hydrogen for transport

Energy Agency (IEA)

As part of the session a number of leading car manufac-

Short statement by selected MoU partners

turers and Nordic organizations signed Memorandum of

By car manufacturers: Toyota, Hyundai, Honda & Nissan

Understanding (MoU) on market introduction of hydro-

By infrastructure companies: HyOP AS and H2 Logic A/S

gen for transport in the Nordic countries during the period 2014-2017. The MoU Partners will actively pursue


planning of fuel cell electric vehicle deployment and roll-

Scandinavian Hydrogen Highway Partnership

out of a network of hydrogen refuelling stations in the

www.scandinavianhydrogen.org

Nordic countries. The signing was witnessed by the Danish Minister for Transport, Henrik Dam Kristensen & Director of the International Energy Agency, Bo Diczfalusy. Soichiro Okudaira, Managing Officer Toyota Motor Corporation states: “The Nordic countries are already recognised as world leaders in advanced renewable green energy such as hydroelectricity and wind energy. I am pleased that Toyota has the opportunity to participate in this collaboration seeking to advance hydrogen fuel cell technology, something we see as a vital part for the future of automobiles. As an automotive manufacturer, we not only aim to develop ever-better products to meet the needs of our customers, our dedication to eco-mobility also stems from our company’s fundamental principles to contribute positively to society.” Further quotes from the MoU partners are available in the press release: www.scandinavianhydrogen.org/shhp/press/toyotanissan-honda-hyundai-sign-mou-on-marketintroduction-of-fuel-cell-vehicles-in-nord

Session included the following speakers: Introduction by Mikael Sloth, Scandinavian Hydrogen Highway Partnership (SHHP) Chairman Statement by Henrik Dam Kristensen, Danish Minister for Transport,

61

Opening Statements Ms Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime Minister, Denmark. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Mr Hwang-sik Kim, Prime Minister, Republic of Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Mr Juan Rafael Elvira Quesada, Minister for Environment and Natural Resources, Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Mr Liu Qi, Vice Minister National Energy Administration, China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 H.E. Abdullah bin Hamad Al-Attiyah, Deputy Prime Minister, Chairman of the Administrative Control and Transparency Authority, Qatar. . . . . . . . . . . 73 Hon. Prof. Peter Anyang’ Nyong’o, Minister of Public Health, Kenya. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

63

Opening statements

Opening Statement by Ms Helle ThorningSchmidt, Prime Minister, Denmark Ladies and Gentlemen,

That is why we are gathered once again in Copenhagen for the Global Green Growth Forum. Because we be-

Welcome to the second Global Green Growth Forum in

lieve it is time for action. 3GF offers a unique platform

Copenhagen. I am very pleased that so many prominent

for governments, businesses and organizations to

representatives from governments, businesses and or-

form coalitions that will drive the green transition for-

ganizations have accepted our invitation. As we all

ward.

know, there is a need to act. A Danish humorist Storm P – he is world-famous in The world is moving too slowly towards a green

Denmark – once said: “Everybody is talking about the

economy. In recent years all nations have come to-

weather; nobody is doing anything about it.” The Glob-

gether on several occasions to provide common an-

al Green Growth Forum is doing something about it. My

swers to a common challenge: To ensure inclusive

second observation is that we need to bring the private

economic growth while promoting a sustainable use

and public sector together. I am very pleased to see so

of resources.

many private sector representatives at the Forum. CEOs from all over the world are present today and that

On those occasions we have agreed on the headlines,

is a token that you share our hope and vision for a

but we have failed to agree on specific goals and the

greener and more sustainable future. And it demon-

way ahead. The Rio+20 conference is a case in point:

strates the economic potential of public-private part-

we agreed on the notion of green economy, but failed

nerships. The private sector is absolutely critical for

to agree on the targets that would lead us there.

turning words into deeds. To ensure sustainable economic growth.

We need to deal with problems such as water scarcity, climate change and pollution. One fifth of the world’s

My final observation is that we need to forge alliances

population is faced with scarcity of water. This year we

on green growth that bridge the divide between the

had the warmest summer on record in the Northern

developed and developing world. The 3GF partner

Hemisphere. And the Arctic sea ice has shrunk to a re-

countries underline my point.

cord low. In some of the biggest cities in the world, pollution prevents you from seeing the blue sky. We can-

The governments of Denmark, Mexico and Korea

not ignore these facts.

launched the 3GF last year. Today, I am proud to welcome three new partners: China, Qatar and Kenya. At a

I want to make three observations on the way forward

quick glance, we might not seem to have a lot in com-

towards a green economy.

mon: we cover the whole spectrum of development. We are situated on four different continents. And our

Firstly, we need an action-oriented approach. At a time

energy mix varies substantially. But we share a com-

where the green agenda seems to have lost momen-

mon ambition: to ensure sustainable economic growth.

tum, we want to get the process back on track and turn good intentions into action. The top down approach

I look forward to the debates today and tomorrow. And

has failed to define sufficient regulation and specific

the dialogue will continue, including in the framework

targets that will push the greening of our economies

of new partnerships that will be launched in the com-

forward.

ing days. I already look forward to welcoming you back next year in order to follow up on the work and discus-

The Danish government will continue to push for multi-

sions initiated at the Green Growth Forum.

lateral solutions, but at the same time we want to act bottom up.

64

Thank you.

Opening statements

Opening Statement by Mr Hwang-sik Kim, Prime Minister, Republic of Korea

Your Excellency, Ms. Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime

The implementation of resource efficiency, of course,

Minister of Denmark, Excellencies,

requires concerted efforts of all stake-holders, includ-

Distinguished Participants,

ing governments, companies, and civil societies. In this sense, allow me to share with you the efforts each

I am veryhonored to be here to witness and celebrate

stakeholder is making in Korea to improve resource ef-

with all of you the remarkable advance and spread of

ficiency.

green growth. The Korean government has included resource effiTo date, green growth has certainly become an exem-

ciency as a major element in its green growth policies.

plary strategy to simultaneously address climate change and achieve economic growth.

The Korean Presidential Committee on Green Growth, which I chair, worked out the ‘Five-year National Plan

In the course of pursuing green growth, the Republic

for Green Growth’ and the ‘Roadmap for 27 Core Green

of Korea and the Kingdom of Denmark/ have further

Technologies’ with much emphasis on this element.

consolidated our relations. During President Lee Myung-bak’s state visit to Denmark last year, our two

The government has also set up the ‘Energy Efficiency

countries established the Green Growth Alliance. It is

Bureau’ in the Ministry of Knowledge Economy to coor-

an alliance based on common perception of the prob-

dinate relevant national efforts. In response to these

lem, common sense of direction and common view for

government initiatives, Korean companies have been

the future.

exerting many efforts on their part/ to develop a wide range of energy efficient technologies. These include

This has led our two countries to collaborate, beyond

LEDs, secondary batteries, low emission green cars,

the bilateral level, on a global scaleby initiating the

eco-friendly buildings and smart grids. Many of them

Global Green Growth Forum and through our partner-

are now more than prototypes and are applied at an

ship in the Global Green Growth Institute.

industrial and commercial scale.

I would like to take this opportunity to convey my sin-

Also, Korean companies have taken considerable ef-

cere congratulations to the Danish government for

forts in cooperation with the government to develop

having successfully organized the second 3GF meet-

Eco-Industrial Parks where one industry’s waste

ing.

stream can be used as raw materials by another.

Distinguished participants,

All of these efforts by the government and companies

The main theme of this forum, “Resource Efficiency,” is

are being supported by enhanced public conscious-

very relevant and timely. It is not by chance that “Re-

ness on resource efficiency. Increasing number of our

source Efficiency” has been referred to as the fifth en-

citizens are adopting a low-carbon green lifestyle.

ergy source. It represents a realistic but powerful measure for addressing resource exhaustion, mitigat-

Carbon labels are found on almost all products, while

ing climate change and, ultimately, contributing to the

many citizens are now familiar with green cards and

achievement of green growth.

green stores.

66

opening statements

I am happy to discuss with you all these efforts we are

unique contribution as a bridge among developing,

making in Korea.

emerging and advanced economies.

At the same time, I look forward to learning more from

It is by the same token/ that Korea now wishes to host

you about your efforts, achievements and best prac-

the Secretariat of the GCF. We often talk about synergy

tices.

we can get from putting together policy, technology and finance. We already have the GGGI and the Green

Distinguished participants,

Technology Center in Korea, standing for policy and

Let me now turn my perspective from national to glob-

technology, respectively. If we can host the GCF Secre-

al level.

tariat in Korea, we will be able to complete the green triangle which will create synergyof policy, technology

Resource efficiency, a crucial element for Green

and finance.

Growth, is an agenda that should be addressed not only domestically but also through global efforts and

Excellencies,

mechanisms, such as this 3GF and the GGGI.

Distinguished Participants,

I am very pleased to observe that these global mecha-

It was only last month that President Lee Myung-bak

nisms for Green Growth are working well.

came to visit this beautiful country and Greenland. One of the things President Lee observed in Green-

The Global Green Growth Institute will be converted

land, unfortunately, was the unmistakable signs of the

into a full-fledged international organization with its

climate change in progress.

17 founding member countries participating in the inaugural meeting to be held in Seoul on 23 October.

It falls upon all of us to slow and stop such a progress.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all like-minded countries who share the vision and com-

Let me conclude by expressing my hope that the ideas

mitment of the GGGI, and would also like to request

and commitments emerging from our discussions at

your continued support for its success.

this second 3GF will inspire us to take concrete actions to cope with this global challenge together and achieve

In particular, I hope the 3GF will work more closely with

‘The Future We Want’ for us, for our children/ and the

the GGGI.

generations to come.

For instance, it would be excellent for all of us if the

Thank you very much!

GGGI hold a session in the 3GF next year to share its best practices to promote public-private partnership for green growth in developing countries. Talking about global mechanisms, let me turn briefly to the Green Climate Fund/ agreed upon at the 16th Conference of Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change which was held in Cancun in 2010. Korea is firmly committed to the cause of the Climate Change Convention and believes that it can make a

67

Opening statements

Opening Statement by Mr Juan Rafael Elvira Quesada, Minister for Environment and Natural Resources, Mexico Honorable Ms. Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime Minister of Denmark,

Mexico´s presence in this initiative is a reflection of

Honorable Mr. Hwang-sik Kim, Prime Minister of South

our belief that through this Forum we build action to

Korea,

fight climate change and transit towards a greener

Honorable new members of the 3GF,

economy.

Ladies and gentlemen,

In December 2010, Mexico hosted the Cancun Climate Change Conferences, which provided an oppor-

I am honored to address you again this year at the

tunity for the international community to reach cru-

Second edition of the Global Green Growth Forum, on

cial agreements such as the formalization of the

behalf of President Calderon. -He regrets not being

Green Climate Fund and the fast start financing

with you and sends his best wishes for a successful

commitment. COP-16 appealed also to formulate na-

event.

tional Low-Emission Development Plans, recognized REDD+, decided to create technological and adapta-

I thank the government of Denmark for their kind invi-

tion instances, and committed to keep the average

tation, and congratulate the Organisers for succeed-

increase in global temperature below two degrees

ing again in gathering leading actors who are paving

centigrade.

the way to make inclusive green growth the standard way of life.

During its Presidency to the G20 this year, Mexico included inclusive green growth as a priority. Amongst

The current economic and environmental crises have

the different outcomes from Los Cabos Summit, we

inspired leading visionaries from all over the world, to

now have:

launch and pursue innovative initiatives to tackle both crises.

•

A report that incorporates green growth and sustainable development in structural reform agen-

Inclusive green growth offers diverse opportunities

das and reaffirms our commitment to reduce fos-

for win-win gains from the economic, social and environmental perspectives.

sil fuel subsidies; •

Methodological packages to help developing countries design their own green policies accord-

Amongst the different answers, the 3GF stands today as one of the most important forums to pursuit green growth from a public-private approach.

ing to their circumstances; and •

A proposal for a partnership with the private sector to promote financing initiatives for sustainable development.

Mexico joined this initiative last year convinced of the great potential of the 3GF. The 3GF has been opera-

Mexico is as well an active promoter of other initia-

tional to build up collaborative nets of action for pub-

tives as the OECD Green Growth Strategy; the UN

lic and private sectors to transit to low carbon econo-

green economy initiative; the Green Growth Knowl-

mies. It has also been influential for catalyzing

edge Platform launched in Mexico City in 2012, and

synergies amongst different processes and initiatives,

the Green Growth Action Alliance (G2A2) launched by

to embrace the path towards green growth.

the Business 20 (B20) in Los Cabos, Mexico last June.

68

opening statements

Walking firmly towards a green economy in Mexico has

The business sector has been key in bringing our

been at the center of our National Development Plan

greenhouse gas emissions down. Our Leadership for

2007-2012, and different public policy instruments

Environmental Competitiveness Program involves the

have been implemented.

participation of over thirty five hundred companies in eco-efficiency practices. Between 2006 and 2011

For instance, we have built a strong institutional basis

these companies avoided 19.6 million tons of CO2, rep-

to addressing climate change through the creation of

resenting 10% of the total emissions from the private

an Inter-ministerial Commission on Climate Change

sector identified in our Climate Change Program.

(2005), a Special Program on Climate Change (20092012) and lately the enacting of a new legislation that

One of the most valuable contributions of the 3GF is

has brought Mexico to the forefront of climate change

the richness of bringing together forefront-runners in

legal frameworks.

the promotion of a more sustainable path of growth. I would like to take this opportunity to welcome China,

Mexico’s General Law on Climate Change coordinates

Kenya and Qatar as new partners to this relevant fo-

actions from public and private sectors, as well as civil

rum. Their participation will enrich our dialogue from a

society to tackle this challenge. The law also confirms

developing country perspective.

our target of reducing Green House Gas Emission 30% by 2020, and 50% by 2050 from the 2000 level, condi-

Mexico shares and promotes the 3GF vision to boost

tional to international financial support.

synergies between forums and processes.

A few days ago, President Calderon announced the fi-

Only by adding, combining and coordinating efforts we

nalization of our Fifth National Communication to the

will accentuate the progress.

UNFCCC. We report to the international community that we are decupling our greenhouse gases emissions from

I wish you all a very fruitful second 3GF.

economic growth: between 1990 and 2000 the Mexican economy grew 2.5% while our emission only grew 1.5%.

69

Opening statements

Opening Statement by Mr Liu Qi, Vice Minister, National Energy Administration, China

Honorable Ms. Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime Minister

China and Denmark have developed very close and

of Denmark,

deep cooperation in the field of renewable energy, esp.

Deepen Renewable Energy Industry Cooperation,

significantly for the wind energy resource assessment,

Achieve Green Growth by Joint Effort

wind power grid integration, etc.. We witnessed the renewable energy cooperation achievements in both

Dear Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,

countries. We also believe that such cooperation will

I am very pleased to be invited for the 3GF. As the

certainly contribute to global green growth.

whole international community jointly addressing financial crisis and green economy, today we are here

Currently, China is in the process of economic develop-

again in Copenhagen, with representatives from politi-

ment pattern transformation. China government will

cians, enterprises, and international organizations, to

pay a high attention to renewable energy develop-

discuss the strategy for global green growth, and the

ment. And it will regarded as one of the most measures

plan for the green industry development. Because we

to address energy development pattern transition, en-

know such an important forum will greatly and signifi-

ergy mix adjustment, green house gas emission reduc-

cantly contribute to global economy recovery, and to

tion, and sustainable development. China keeps accel-

the global economic, social and environmental sustain-

erating the renewable energy market liberalization

ability.

through legislation such as publicizing the Renewable Energy Law, renewable energy development planning,

As we can understand, the key theme of green growth

as well as economic incentive instruments. Now, re-

shall extend the integration, harmonization and sus-

newable energy already played a very important role in

tainability of the economic development, social culti-

energy supply system and important new strategic in-

vation and ecological improvement. Green growth shall

dustry in China. Currently, China is the most significant

not only need to transform the energy production and

country for wind power growth. By the end of 2011,

utilization patterns, but establish the matched eco-

the accumulative wind power installation has reached

nomic and social activity patters, finally achieve the

47GW, with annual electricity production 71.5 billion

harmonization between human being and nature. To-

kWh. In the year 2012, China wind power keeps stable

day, we are confronted with severe challenges of ener-

increase, with an estimation of new installation about

gy and environment globally. It already becomes the

15GW. Therefore, accordingly, by the end of 2012, wind

global trend and common understanding to keep to-

power installation will exceed 60GW in China with an-

ward green growth. Many of the countries in the world

nual electricity production about 100 billion kWh. Solar

put renewable energy into a very high priority and re-

power market quickly response in China with feed-in

gard it as important measures for green low carbon de-

tariff and economic instrument, supporting the solar

velopment, integrating green concept and connotation

energy product and technology utilization. By the end

into energy policy development process. As I know,

of 2011, the accumulative application for solar PV has

some countries have developed energy transition

reached 3 GW, and over 5 GW new installations annual-

strategy and planned the future development. Den-

ly in the last few years. In the same time, we actively

mark is the most advanced country among the EU

support national demonstration projects in different

members to improve green industry regarding renewa-

areas. We conduct the new energy city demonstration

ble energy technology and renewable energy industry,

project and green energy county demonstration pro-

always as a world leading country. In the last few years,

ject to promote renewable energy application both in

70

opening statements

city and rural areas. To address the grid integration is-

efficiency, developing renewable energy. And relevant

sues, we conduct the micro grid demonstration project.

policy making and project development are adopted

All these projects have demonstrated the advantages

and implemented. We are so pleased many countries in

of renewable energy to green growth among different

the world is willing to and also they do proceed with

areas in China.

the same objectives and hand in hand. However, there is also some non-harmonized voice in the process. The

With the fast growth of renewable energy develop-

trade issues surrounding China’s renewable energy

ment in size, the industry and market has formulated in

product come out in an endless stream. We are sure

China. For wind power, many Chinese enterprises re-

such issues have already hit the global renewable en-

searched more than 5MW wind turbines, and the main

ergy scale up at a deep and wide level. Obviously, nei-

components, gear box, generators, blades etc. have

ther are various trade protection actions in line with

also been industrialized and localized. For solar PV,

the global efforts to promote green growth, nor inter-

pulled by national and international market, the solar

national free trade codes, even more direct harm to

PV cell manufacturing and industry chain was quickly

their civil benefits. Some countries ignore the fact that

established, and the PV modules and power cost went

China’s economy is highly marketized and industry is

down significantly. Therefore, solar PV power become

emerged into international system. They abused trade

more and more competitive and started scale up. It

protection tools and as result, they harm others but

shall be acknowledged that China’s renewable energy

still cannot benefit themselves. The only thing they

development did contribute greatly to global renewa-

can get is hinder the international enabling environ-

ble energy development and prosperity.

ment to support green growth.

We just publicized the 12th five year planning for re-

Renewable energy is a great career for all the human

newable energy development. This Planning identifies

being’s benefits. At its early stage, small scale and

the priorities and tasks of renewable energy develop-

weak risk abatement capacity need joint efforts by in-

ment during the year 2011 to 2015. By 2015, we devel-

ternational community and establish the fair market

op the objectives for renewable energy. Wind power

order. In the context of prosperous renewable energy

will reach 100GW, solar power will reach 21GW and the

development in the world, we hope all the countries

total non-fossil fuel will reach 478 million tons of

jointly be active and provide substantial actions to sup-

standard coal equivalent, increased by 200 million

port renewable energy development, contribute to

tones of standard coal equivalent compared with the

green growth.

year 2010. We are quite confident that China will become one of the largest countries regarding the devel-

Here I would suggest in the following three points:

opment and utilization size for new installed renewable energy in the world.

1.

develop technology cooperation and speed up the

China is a large developing country and at the critical

global economy and industry integration. Globali-

stage of industrialization and urbanization.Also China

zation is the main stream in the world economic

is faced with severe energy and environmental issues.

development. The international specialization

Therefore, China is making every effort to achieve

and cooperation in various sectors is continuous-

green growth through controlling energy consumption

lystrengthened. The need for the international

cap in a reasonable way, increasing energy utilization

technology transfer and the commodity interna-

71

Opening statements

2.

3.

tionalization is accelerating the global economy

transfer and financial grant under the global cli-

and industry integration. To strengthen the inter-

mate change framework, help the developing

national technology cooperation for shall greatly

countries to develop clean energy technology and

benefit the international flow of the essential

industry, accelerate global renewable energy

productive factors and efficiently allocate the re-

technology transfer. Therefore, renewable ener-

sources, speed up the global economic and indus-

gy industry could be blooming quickly in the world,

trial integration and improve the sustainable and

and contribute to global energy system transition

healthy economic development.

as well as economic development.

remove trade protection barriers and promote free move of renewable energy technology and

Ladies and gentlemen, to develop renewable energy is

product in the global market. Free and easy trad-

the important option to address global climate change,

ing system shall be promoted and various trade

create new and strategic industry, and achieve eco-

protectionism shall be opposed. Policy and regula-

nomic strategy transition, as well as the guarantee to

tions for free trade shall be developed and imple-

global economic and social sustainability. We do need

mented globally, trade protection barriers shall be

make efforts hand in hand to promote renewable ener-

removed, the advanced and economical renewa-

gy industry development and achieve global green

ble energy technology and product shall be pro-

growththrough wide and effective international coop-

moted to create a strong global renewable energy

eration and actions.

industry.

Exchange generates common understanding, which

speed up and improve the global cooperation

promote cooperation, which in turn results in all-wins. I

mechanism, and create an enabling environment

sincerely hope all the representatives make full use of

for global technology transfer. The global cooper-

the Forum for wide exchanges and deep discussions.

ation system shall be established and improved

All your knowledge and intelligences will transfer the

quickly and an enabling environment for global

creative ideas and actions plans to promote global

technology transfer shall be created, to promote

green growth.

technology innovation and technology transfer,

72

flow and circulation. The developed countries

Finally, wish the success of the Forum!

shall implement the commitment of technology

Thank you.

opening statements

Opening Statement by H.E. Abdullah bin Hamad Al-Attiyah, Deputy Prime Minister, Chairman of the Administrative Control and Transparency Authority, Qatar Prime Minister THORNING-SCHMIDT, Prime Minister KIM,

As a veteran of the energy and water sectors, I can only

Minister ELVIRA QUESADA,

underscore the necessity of involving the private sec-

Minister MURUNGI,

tor in solving the huge social and economic challenges

Vice-Minister LIU QI,

that lie ahead of us.

YourExcellencies, Distinguished guests,

Whether it be in developed, developing or emerging

Ladies and Gentlemen,

countries, it is now apparent that the public sector simply cannot and will not do it all alone.

It is a great pleasure for me to participate today in the opening ceremony of the 2012 Global Green Growth

Equally, it is crucial to recognize that sustainable de-

Forum.

velopment should be everyone’s obligation and concern – not simply that of national governments or pub-

Please allow me to first thank our host, the Govern-

lic institutions.

ment of Denmark, for their warm welcome in this beautiful city of Copenhagen.

Business and industry indeed have a lot to contribute to an effective transition towards a green economy:

Madame Prime Minister, it is really wonderful to see

skills, know-how, R&D, or even implementation capa-

you.

bilities.

Thank you also to the Organisers of 3GF for putting to-

Potentially, they also have a lot to gain from it.

gether such an impressive event. In my eyes, green growth represents both a responsiThe State of Qatar is honored to be joining as a partner

bility and an opportunity for the private sector.

country and looks forward to supporting this important initiative in the future.

And I congratulate the Global Green Growth Forum for reminding us of that.

In just over a year, 3GF has established itself as a leading platform for discussion and collaboration around

But I am also speaking to you this morning as the in-

green growth.

coming President of COP18/CMP8.

In fact, the Forum has already made an outstanding

As you all know, Doha will be the host of this year’s Con-

contribution to the way we conceptualize the neces-

ference.

sary transition towards a more sustainable global economy.

Very much in line with the spirit prevailing here today, I can assure you that “outcomes” will be our top priority.

Most importantly, 3GF is acting as a real catalyst in exploring how leading businesses, investors and key pub-

For the time of implementation has come.

lic institutions can come together and deliver on the promise of green growth.

And the optimism coming out of Bangkok needs to be

73

Opening statements

sustained through concrete action and clear commitments now. Ladies and gentlemen, What is true for green growth is certainly true for climate change. The private sector, industry leaders and investors have to play a more active role in the COP process. Climate change is a global challenge that will require creative and bold answers: answers that rise above the borders of nation states; the boundaries between academia and industry; and the walls isolating the public and private sectors. I am here to assure you that the State of Qatar will continue to work diligently to bring together all interested parties in a manner that is transparent, inclusive and pragmatic. We look forward to welcoming you to Doha at the end of November. Thank you very much, once again.

74

opening statements

Opening Statement by Hon. Prof. Peter Anyang’ Nyong’o, Minister of Public Health, Kenya

Your Royal Highness Frederik Andre Henrik Christian,

6.

The Crown Prince of Denmark;

6. Increased investments on off grid solar and minihydro generation and

Your Excellency, Helle Thorning-Schmidt, The Prime

7.

7. Increased our expenditure in capacity building

Minister of Denmark;

8.

In doing all these, the government is mindful of

Your Excellencies, Heads of State and Governments

the critical role of private sector and the need to

present;

conserve our environment for sustainable devel-

Ladies and Gentlemen;

opment.

I would like to thank the Government of Denmark for

Excellencies,

inviting me to this Forum. Kenya has embarked on an

Ladies and Gentlemen:

ambitious low carbon growth programme with an ex-

In our attempt to follow a low carbon development

tensive green economy programmes being currently

pathway, we have encountered a number of challeng-

implemented.

es. These include: 1.

The comparatively higher initial costs of taking up

Kenya continues to be challenged by the impacts of cli-

green growth pathways and therefore their ina-

mate change which are now devastating our economic

bility to compete with present conventional activ-

base and causing untold harm to our populations. Cli-

ities especially in the context of a weak economy

mate change has not only caused rising temperatures and drastic changes in weather patterns; it has also

like Kenya’s. 2.

Limited access to capital by the entrepreneurs,

brought new challenges in disease control thereby

and where they can access it, our inability as a

hampering our match towards a green economy. These

government to issue sovereign guarantees.

challenges have forced Kenya to seriously begin to ad-

3.

Low returns on green investments.

dress the issue of climate change in the context of

4.

Lack of a national valuation methodologies for

green growth. In mitigating these adverse climatic im-

green economy generated goods and services to

pacts, Kenya is undertaking the following:

enable their value relative to conventional natural resources like gas, oil, gold etc. and modalities of

1.

1. Continued to create awareness on mitigation and adaptation to enable us assume a low carbon

factoring them decision making sought. 5.

development pathway. 2.

3.

green economy projects in all sectors of our econ-

2. Operationalized Climate change action plans after the promulgation of a Climate Change Re-

Lack of capacity to plan, develop and implement omy and ;

6.

Lack of incentive methodologies to attract actors

sponse Strategy;

in public and private sector to invest in green

3. Reviewed the Feed in Tariffs Policy on renewa-

economies.

ble sources of electricity. 4.

4. Engaged the private sector in addressing the

Excellencies,

need to grow green, create jobs and sanitize our

Ladies and Gentlemen;

population. 5.

5. Invested on new green energy generation pro-

There is immense opportunity for us to sustainably de-

jects using geothermal, wind, solar and minihy-

velop our countries and regions by embracing Green

drogenerations.

Growth economic models. But we cannot do so by

75

Opening statements

chance but by choice and the time is now. Our efforts

Modalities of minimizing exploitation of natural re-

must be cooperative and collaborative. Business and

sources, but maximizing the recurrent benefits must

other private sector actors must work with govern-

be sought. Developing countries must lead the way in

ment to bring about this very positive change. The

this approach and if need be incentives be provided to

governments on their part must put in place the legal,

stimulate green growth projects; savings from reduced

and policy frameworks that provide the enabling envi-

resource exploitation should be used to balance the

ronment for business to thrive in the renewed ap-

deficit accruing from incentive provision. We request

proach of growing green economies. The promise is

our development partners in our modest efforts to

that there are plenty of business opportunities and

“Grow Green”.

money to be made. We should be prepared to hand our future generations a better tomorrow by embracing a

These efforts need to start now, and we should move

green growth pathway. It will require focus, patience

together as partners in this noble effort. We should

and long term planning.

develop workable and a clear support schemes for those countries that want so desperately to adapt

The international community will have to move in a co-

green economic growth; more so the developing econ-

ordinated and consistent manner if we are to realize

omies.

Global Green Growth. Trade policies must support efforts to ensure sustainable use of natural resources.

76

I Thank You For Your Attention

3GF Dinner speech By Mr. Jeremy Oppenheim, Director, McKinsey & Company

78

3GF Dinner Speach

A Roadmap for Making Green Growth the New Normal This is an abridged version of an address delivered by Jeremy Oppenheim at the 2012 Global Green Growth Forum The adverse consequences of pursuing an economic

which sits at the heart of all resource systems. In 1900,

growth model that is heavily dependent on the Earth’s

the world used 35 exajoules of energy: the equivalent

natural resources are often rehearsed. It is widely con-

of the annual electricity consumption of South Korea,

ceded that the escalating cost of extracting many re-

or the annual supply of power from 35 GW nuclear

sources could threaten future growth—harming the

plants. By 2000, the world was using more than 500

prospects of the world’s poorest most—and that irre-

exajoules a year. And if the global economy continues

versible environmental effects are likely.

to grow at its current rate, it will use 670 to 700 exajoules a year by 2030. This would require the world

Less rehearsed is the evidence that a new, resource-ef-

economy to invest in about 3,000 additional GW power

ficient model is taking shape. Around the world there

stations.

are exciting examples of how to decouple growth from resource consumption, drive penetration of renewable

How did the world get hooked on such a resource-in-

energy, and reduce pressure on land by boosting agri-

tensive model of growth? Simply, because it was

cultural productivity. Just ten years ago these ideas

fuelled by a century of declining resource costs. As de-

were barely conceivable. The “green economy” was a

mand for resources expanded, supply expanded even

notion cherished mostly by environmentalists, the

more.

technologies were still in the lab, and investors who cared about the environment were restricted largely to

Technology, as ever, played a big role. Exploration, pro-

ethical funds. But slowly and surely, a new, resource-ef-

duction, transportation, and conversion technologies

ficient model is going mainstream.

all improved by 1 to 2 percent year-on-year in terms of their efficiency. In agriculture for example, grain yields

Therein lies the problem. The speed of the transition

increased by just over 2 percent per annum from 1961

from the twentieth-century growth model is far too

to 2000, largely as a result of greater use of fertilizers

slow. It is slow because of the weight of legacy capital—

and capital equipment, and the diffusion of better

both financial and political—invested in the old model.

farming technologies and practices. Over 100 years,

But the world economy and the environment cannot

that makes a huge difference in resource supply, with

spend another 50 years in transition, locking in an in-

supply-side productivity increasing anywhere from

frastructure of resource-intensive buildings, power

two to seven times over the period.

plants, and transport systems. A step change is needed in resource productivity, from carbon and energy

There was also a massive expansion in the “resource

through to water. The good news is that a quicker path-

frontier”. In the twentieth century, the world doubled

way from the old economic model to a new one is al-

the amount of land under cultivation, largely at the ex-

ready apparent, with the green economy’s early suc-

pense of forests. Massive new oil fields came on-

cesses helping to show the way. But great leadership

stream, especially in the Middle East but also in Alaska,

will be required to ensure that this path is taken.

the North Sea, and Mexico. The Ghawar oil field in Saudi

The Twentieth-Century Model of Growth

Arabia, which came on stream in 1948, has alone produced more than 6 percent of the world’s oil supply for

As the global economy expanded some 20-fold through

50 years. And in the mining sector, the development of

the twentieth century, resource requirements expand-

the Pilbara iron ore deposits and major Chilean copper

ed anywhere between 600 to 2,000 percent, depend-

reserves underpinned relatively low metals prices

ing on the resource. Consider the demand for energy,

through the second half of the twentieth century.

80

3GF Dinner Speach

Moreover, resource production has been persistently

ply—in iron ore, for example—sources are often locat-

subsidized, at a cost of $1 trillion to $3 trillion a year—

ed far from the markets and in poor, remote, and

the lower end of the scale if only direct subsidies to

environmentally challenged regions. Over the past

energy, agriculture suppliers, and fishing fleets are

decade, mining costs across major commodities in-

considered, but well over $3 trillion if the depletion of

creased on average by 15 percent a ton, owing to

natural capital, whether through unsustainable deple-

higher energy prices and geological factors such as

tion of aquifers, over-fishing, accelerated loss of bio-

declining ore grade, increasing strip ratios, and deep-

diversity, or un-priced carbon emissions are taken into

er mines. The marginal cost of production for many

account. Given the interests at stake, public and pri-

mining commodities could be three times higher in

vate, unwinding these subsidies will be a herculean

2020 than it is today. And to those who argue that

task.

iron ore prices have fallen significantly over the past year—and decreased during the financial crisis by

The result of these three factors is that the world

about 30 percent—the riposte is that they are still

economy, and particularly advanced economies, got

more than 5.5 times higher than they were at the turn

hooked on low resource prices. Policy makers and

of the century.

business leaders took their eye off the resource productivity ball.

Increased energy and mineral prices (including for the phosphates critical for agriculture), coupled with more

Last year, McKinsey produced a report under the title

variable weather conditions, will also affect food pric-

“Resource Revolution: meeting the world’s energy,

es. For poor rural households, which typically spend

materials, food and water needs”. Its aim was to un-

more than two-thirds of their income on energy and

derstand whether the twentieth-century model of

food, higher prices can make the difference between

economic growth could be played again in the twen-

the chance to save just a little, to send their children

ty-first century. Could the world just repeat the trick?

to school for an extra year, to try out a new seed – or not do so and stay at subsistence level. For the 50 mil-

The report examined the potential to meet ever-grow-

lion new entrants to the urban middle class worldwide

ing demand for resources and discovered a simple

each year—people who spend about $10 per capita a

problem. Even though exploration keeps on finding

day, 40 to 50 percent of it on food and energy—higher

more resources in the ground or under the ocean

prices knock them all the way back into urban poverty.

floor, they are increasingly expensive to extract. The great resource finds of the 1950s and 1960s have all

High and volatile prices are only one challenge to the

peaked. And as remaining resources become less and

twentieth-century model of resource-dependent eco-

less accessible, the costs of supply increase, steeply.

nomic growth. Another is the scale and speed with

The marginal cost of oil production today is estimated

which we are eroding our natural capital.

at around $60 a barrel, with prices pushed significantly higher owing to the way the oil market works. By

With respect to the climate, we are on track to reach

2020, if demand were to grow in line with historic

CO2 concentration levels of 600 to 700 parts per mil-

trends, to about 95 million barrels a day, the marginal

lion (ppm) by the end of the century, way above the

cost of production would be more than $100 a barrel.

450 ppm, 2 degree “stabilisation” target the Intergov-

Unless oil markets were to be fundamentally restruc-

ernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has put for-

tured, the market price would be closer to $150 a bar-

ward. The consequences of climate change are al-

rel, with a significant risk of prices spiking to more

ready visible in the Arctic, which this year reached its

than $200 a barrel. There are large uncertainties in

lowest level of summer ice cover (4.3 million square

these estimates. But at this price, oil would place such

km) since formal records began, lowering its reflective

a tax on economic growth that the twentieth- century

power and hence exacerbating global warming driv-

model could come under considerable pressure.

ers.. At the same time, the Arctic ice is thinning by 17 percent a year (according to the latest NASA data) and

The same picture is true for just about every major re-

more generally oceans are acidifying, weakening the

source. Even where, in theory, there is abundant sup-

regenerative capacity of the coral reefs.

81

3GF Dinner Speach

These are not the only environmental and natu-

•

ral-capital challenges that we face. •

production has fallen by 20 percent over 15

According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), some 25 percent of fish stocks are

years (IEA). •

global “drop-per-crop”— has halved over 50 years

exploited. For the one billion poor people who

(FAO). •

mous risk.

of Transportation). •

A fridge in the United States is 50 percent big-

enced in Brazil in 2005—has the potential to turn

ger than it was 30 years ago, but its annual en-

forests from carbon sinks into carbon sources.

ergy consumption has more than halved (US As-

There is continued soil erosion. Land degradation affects more than 20% of the world’s arable

sociation of Home Appliance Manufacturers). •

land. The severity of the degradation varies, and that 30 million hectares would be needed to

Computing efficiency in terms of energy used — computations per KWh—has doubled every two

therefore the extent of yield loss. We estimate

•

In US aviation, fuel requirements per passenger mile have halved over 25 years (US Department

Our forests are challenged. Aside from on-going deforestation, prolonged drought—as experi-

•

The efficiency of water-use in agriculture – the

over-exploited and another 50 percent are fully depend on fish for protein, this spells an enor•

The CO2 required for 1 KWh of European power

years (Stanford University). •

The fuel economy of vehicles has increased on

compensate for an overall loss of productivity.

average over the past 30 years from about 20

The current rate of species extinction is approxi-

miles a gallon to about 30 miles a gallon. Over

mately 1,000 to 10,000 times the natural “back-

the next 15 years it is possible that the new

ground” rate . There are only five other periods in

CAFE (corporate average fuel economy) stand-

the planet’s history when species extinction has

ards in the United States will mean that fuel

been this high, all during mass extinction events

economy will increase from 30 to almost 50

such as that which hit the dinosaurs.

miles a gallon—an improvement worth 7 million to 10 million barrels of oil a day if the standards

The reason for this kind of depredation of the planet’s

were deployed globally. If it were possible to

natural capital is straightforward: a resource-inten-

achieve that level of productivity improvement

sive model of economic growth. In future, society will

across the whole economy—in buildings, data

need to learn to operate a global economy in which

centres, industry, and agriculture—we would

there is a direct clash between what it takes, in terms

have a productivity revolution on our hands.

of resource supply, to secure continued economic growth and improve the prospects of those who still

Second, clean-tech innovation:

live in poverty, and the need to avoid the potentially

•

Last year, over $250 billion was invested in re-

irreversible environmental damage that will arise

newable energy, more than 45 percent of total

from further exploitation of those resources. We live

investments in new capacity in the power sec-

on the knife-edge between these two competing forces.

tor. •

The cost of solar power is falling dramatically, following its own version of Moore’s law. Ten

The Transition Economy

years ago, it cost more than $5 per watt. Now, it

Society always adapts, and an economic response to

is fast approaching $1 per watt, a price point at

the dilemma is already under way. The world is be-

which, at least in high insolation regions, it will

coming more resource-efficient, and simultaneously

be competitive, unsubsidized, with other sourc-

is on the cusp of a wave of new, clean-technology innovation.

es of retail power supply. •

LED lighting uses less than 20 percent of the power of incandescent light bulbs. If the whole

First, resource efficiency:

world were to switch overnight to LED light

•

The energy required to produce a ton of steel

bulbs, the world’s total power requirements

has fallen by more than 30 percent over 25 years

would fall by about 6 percent, the equivalent of

(Wirtschaftsvereinigung Stahl).

300 GWs of installed capacity.

82

3GF Dinner Speach

•

•

Batteries are plunging in price. Today, they cost

worth up to half a trillion dollars a year, a massive

more than $500 per KWh. In ten years, they are

opportunity for business innovation.

likely to have halved in price. When that happens,

The prospect of resource-efficient markets of this size

and energy storage becomes cheap, the impact

is evidence that the economic growth model is in tran-

will be comparable to that of rechargeable batter-

sition. The challenge is to supercharge that transition.

ies on mobile telephones.

LEADING THE NEW GROWTH MODEL – A PRACTICAL

Agriculture is experiencing the start of a green

ROADMAP

revolution, with new seeds, microbial fertilizers,

•

bio-pesticides, and soil regeneration technolo-

There is no secret about what is required: the right

gies, not to mention the expanded use of geneti-

technology and a great deal of capital to develop and

cally modified organisms.

deploy it. But how can these things be brought to bear

More controversially, the world is entering what

at speed?

the International Energy Agency calls the “golden age of gas”, owing to rapid advances in horizontal

Answers can be found within the examples of large-

drilling and artificial stimulation. The benefit, as

scale, resource-efficient infrastructure projects that

evidenced by declining US greenhouse gas emis-

already exist, or are in the process of being built, and

sions, is that relatively clean, cheap gas can dis-

new, sustainable business models that are being oper-

place coal in power systems around the world. The

ated. For example:

danger, aside from local environmental risk, is

•

that the world remains locked into a fossil-fuel dependent economy.

Germany has helped to create a global market for solar power.

•

South Korea is driving the smart grid deployment on the island of Jeju.

Efforts to increase resource productivity, allied with

•

better-performing technology, are likely to spawn a

market by encouraging households to dispose of

dozen or more new markets worth more than $100 billion by the mid-2020s. For example: •

inefficient fridges. •

The low-carbon power market, which combines

•

zon. •

The energy storage market, for the electrification

•

The building efficiency market, from smart win-

China is investing $125 billion over the next five years to build metro systems in 25 high-density,

of transport and network modernization, should be worth at least $100 billion by the mid-2020s.

Brazil is building the world’s most advanced bio-fuels industry, 1,000 km away from the Ama-

renewable energy with smart grids, is set to be worth more than $1 trillion by 2025.

Mexico has transformed its domestic appliances

resource-efficient cities. •

Denmark continues to pioneer electric vehicles and wind power.

dows to passive heating and cooling systems, is

•

•

likely to be worth well over $100 billion a year by

The success of such programs typically depends on

2020.

three, closely related mechanisms: faster technology

The market for more resource-efficient agricul-

development, which by necessity often means a high

tural production systems will likely be worth at

degree of public-private collaboration; a revised view

least $100 billion by the mid-2020s.

of the risks of resource-efficient investments; and pol-

In almost every sector, new business models will

icies that reward resource productivity.

emerge based on the logic of a “circular economy”,

Faster technology development, often through pub-

with less waste throughout product life-cycles.

lic-private collaboration

Collaborative consumption could become the

The sooner resource-productive technologies are de-

norm rather than the exception over the coming

veloped and deployed, the sooner they will become

decades. For example, car clubs such as Zipcar

more efficient, and hence cheaper and more widely

work well in more compact, urban settings with

used, making old assets and business models redun-

decent mass transit systems. The Ellen MacArthur

dant. This scale-up pattern is not the sole preserve of

Foundation estimates that in the European Union

resource-efficient technologies, of course. But what

alone, the shift to a circular economy could be

marks these out is the amount of capital often re-

83

3GF Dinner Speach

quired, tending to rule out reliance on venture capital

more trenchant the analysis, the faster the thinking

or private equity. The finance required to build 500 or

will take hold. But it will also be abetted by the third

1,000 offshore wind turbines is of a different order

transition requirement: public policies that reward re-

than, say, investing in a new social media platform.

source productivity.

McKinsey’s Resource Revolution report estimated that investments worth $3 trillion per annum would be re-

Policies that reward resource productivity

quired to build a resource-efficient growth model.

It is incumbent upon business leaders and entrepre-

A high degree of public-private collaboration may

neurs to drive resource productivity throughout the

therefore be required to raise enough capital for a rap-

supply chain, and to design business models that de-

id transmission to a new growth model. The Climate

ploy new, cleaner technologies at scale. But business

Policy Initiative, an organization that supports low-car-

needs the backing of policies that send strong, consist-

bon growth, assessed the characteristics of some $350

ent signals about this agenda. The rules of the game

billion of climate finance in 2011, and found that al-

need to be designed so that resource productivity is

most all of it was funded by public-private collabora-

rewarded, resource-efficient companies and business

tions.

models can out-compete those that waste resources,

A revised perception of risk

and resource-efficient infrastructure crowds out inefficient infrastructure. This will happen only with the

Closely related to the challenge of raising the neces-

right market incentives, be they pricing arrangements,

sary capital is, of course, the perceived risk of investing

mandates that support early-stage market develop-

in resource-productive technologies at scale. As long

ment, or tax regimes that allow for a more rapid depre-

as they are regarded as high-risk projects—because the

ciation of new clean assets. These market incentives

technology is not well understood or future govern-

need to extend all the way through into stronger prop-

ment policy is uncertain—old-model thinking puts them

erty rights, valuation mechanisms and other forms of

out of bounds for many institutional investors. That

protection for the natural capital on which our civilisa-

thinking needs to change. Investors need to consider

tion depends.

the longer-term prospects of resource-hungry assets, and whether investments in the new growth model

Leading the transition

display superior risk-return characteristics. The chal-

It is likely that much of the drive to establish a new eco-

lenge lies in accelerating the transition.

nomic model will come from countries that are experiencing the fastest economic growth, as argued by Pro-

Public-private collaboration will help. The participation

fessor Benjamin Friedman in his 2005 book, The Moral

of public bodies, which can cover the highest-risk

Consequences of Economic Growth. These “new

tranches of an investment, signals their commitment

growth” economies, which are less attached to the old

to the future success of the technology, lowering the

growth model, are growing up with a different set of

perceived risk for private investors. Even in the United

technological opportunities and are still relatively free

Kingdom, which has some of the world’s deepest capi-

to shape their physical infrastructure. They do not

tal markets, the government has set up the Green In-

have to put down resource-heavy, polluting assets that

vestment Bank to lower perceived risks and leverage

bind them to the past. Their fast growth also means

private sector funds into green infrastructure projects.

they have more scope to persuade established interests to invest in more resource-efficient technologies.

The investment community also has a leadership, ac-

And many are more willing to use state institutions,

tivist role to play. Investors and analysts need to pro-

such as national development banks, to invest in na-

vide a sharper analysis of the financial risks (including

tion-building, to shift risk perceptions, and to help

stranded asset risk) associated with resource-heavy,

overcome coordination failures, having a more flexible

polluting assets and infrastructure. They can also push

view of the respective roles of the state and private

for new accounting standards and higher transparency

sector. In short, they have an astonishing opportunity

on these risks (e.g. contingent carbon liabilities), and

to mobilize capital, entrepreneurs, and technology

for greater emphasis on resource productivity bench-

from around the world as partners in building the new

marks when analyzing corporate performance. The

economic model.

84

3GF Dinner Speach

None of this should suggest that those in “old growth economies” can sit back and watch. They will need to challenge some of the deepest assumptions underpinning the twentieth-century growth model, and use their institutional and technological capabilities and financial firepower to be effective partners in building a global economy fit for the challenges of our time. Throughout history, great challenges have inspired great, transformative leadership. And what could be a greater, world-class challenge than the task of establishing a model of economic growth that can deliver both widespread prosperity and responsible planetary stewardship? The roadmap for accelerating the transition to that model is clear. It needs to be followed by governments, businesses, and the investment community.

85

Participants

86

Company / organisation

Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

Anders

Berntell

Executive Director

Conrad

Brunner

Operating Agent

ABB

Mats

Holmberg

Head of Public Affairs/N Europe

ABB A/S

Claus

Madsen

Managing Director & Country Manager

Accenture

Bruno

Berthon

Global Managing Director

ADEREEE, Morocco

Saïd

Mouline

Director General

African Development Bank (AFDB)

Aly

Abou-Sabaa

Vice President Sector Operations

Agency for Energy Efficiency and Renewables (ADEREE)

Said

Mouline

Director General

Air Transport Action Group

Haldane

Dodd

Head of Communications

Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Labs

Thierry

Van Landegem

Vice President

Alstom

Dickson

Giles

Vice President of Environmental Policies and Global Advocacy

Arab Forum for Environment & Development (AFED).

Najib

Saab

Secretary General

Arla Foods amba

Peder

Tuborgh

CEO

Arup

Mark

Watts

Director

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Seethapathy

Chander

Director General, Regional and Sustainable Development Department

Ateneo de Manila University

Manuel A. J.

Teehankee

Ambassador / Professor

Australia, Government of the Commonwealth of

Howard

Bamsey

Special Advisor on Green Growth

Bangkok Metropolitan Admin.

Panyalaln

Thawonrat

Senior Advisor

Bloomberg New Energy Finance

Michael

Liebreich

Chief Executive

Bogota, City of

Suwana

Muhamad

Secretary of Environmental Affairs

BRAC

Fazle

Hasan Abed

Founder and Chairperson

BRAC

Asif

Saleh

Senior Director

Brazil, Ministry of the Environment, Government of the Federative Republic of

Carlos Agusto

Klink

Secretary for Climate Change and Environmental Quality

Brazil, the Embassy of, in Copenhagen

Paulo F.

Pinheiro Machado

Second Secretary

Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES)

Sergio Eduardo

Weguelin Vieira

Deputy Managing Director of Environmental Division

Brookings Institution

Katherine

Sierra

Senior Fellow

2 2030 Water Resources Group

4 4E EMSA

A

B

87


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

C40 Cities

Amanda

Eichel

C40 Director of Initiatives

C40 Cities

Terri

Wills

Director of Global Initiatives

C40 Climate Leadership Group

Rohit

Aggarwala

Special Advisor to the C40 Chair

Carbon Trust

James

Wilde

Innovation and Policy Director

CECEP Consulting Company

Xie

Zhengwu

Vice Manager

Céspedes

Juan Manuel

Diosdado

Managing Director

Children's Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF)

Kate

Hampton

Executive Director

Children's Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF)

Michael

Jacobs

Advisor, Climate Change

Chile, Government of the Republic of

Jose Luis

Balmaceda

Ambassador and Director General for Environmental Affairs

Chile, Government of the Republic of

Waldemar

Coutts

Minister Counsellor

China Development Bank

Zaixing

TAN

China Electric Power Research Institute (CEPRI)

Jian

SU

Vice President


Lingzhi

ZHU

Vice Chief Engineer


Kang

MA

R&D Engineer

China General Certification Center

Haiyan

QIN

Director

China National Renewable Energy Centre (CNREC)

Zhongying

WANG

Deputy Director General


Kaare

Sandholt

Chief Expert


Yu

HAN

Researcher


Ye

TAO

Ph.D, Research Assistant

China Three Gorges Corporation

Yaxiong

BI

Executive Vice President


Lei

ZHANG

Secretary to Executive Vice President


Feng

WANG

General Manager, Solar Energy Department


Di

LIU

Deputy Chief Economist


Ang

QU

Assistant Business Manager

China, Department of Dev. & Planning

Zhengling

ZHANG

Deputy Director general

China, Department of Dev. & Planning

Jing

WU

Deputy Division Director

China, National Energy Administration (NEA)

Qi

Liu

Vice Minister


Lishan

SHI



Xiufen

DONG

Director


Shuli

QI

Deputy Director

C

88


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title


Xiaowei

WEI

Deputy Director

Chinese Wind Energy Association

Haiyan

Qin

Secretary General

CII-ITC Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Development

Sachin

Joshi

Director

Climate Policy Initiative (CPI)

Thomas

Heller

Executive Director


Barbara

Buchner

Director, CPI Europe


Morgan

Hervé-Mignucci

Senior Analyst

Coalition for Affordable Solar Energy

Jigar

Shah

President

CONCITO

Thomas

Færgeman

Managing Director

Confederation of Danish Industry

Karsten

Dybvad

CEO

Confederation of Danish Industry

Lisbeth

Heyde

Chief Consultant

Confederation of Indian Industry

Sachin

Joshi

Director

Copenhagen Economics

Helge Sigurd

Næss-Schmidt

Partner and Director

Copenhagen, City of

Frank

Jensen

Lord Mayer

Copenhagen, City of

Robert Seier

Arendal

Goodwill Ambassador

Copenhagen, City of

Carsten

Krabbe

Special advisor

Copenhagen, City of

Jakob

Elkjær

Press Officer

Copenhagen, City of

Rikke

Houkjær

Press Officer

Côte d'Ivoire, Government of the Republic of

REMI

ALLAH-KOUADIO

Minister for Environment & Sustainable Development

Côte D'Ivoire, Ministry of Env. & Sustainable Dev.

ALAIN SERGES

KOUADIO

DIRECTOR

Côte d'Ivoire, the Embassy of, to Denmark

VOLKANAUD

N'GUESSAN

COUNSELLOR

DanChurchAid

Mattias

Söderberg

Climate Advisor

Danfoss

Niels Bjørn

Christiansen

President & CEO

Danfoss

Kim

Christensen

President, Heating Solutions

Danfoss

Mikkel

Holm-Pedersen

Executive Assistant

Danfoss

Mads

Gyldenkærne

Communication advisor

Danfoss China

Ming

Tong

PR Manager

Danish 92 Group

Troels

Dam Christensen

Coordinator

Danish Agriculture & Food Council

Jan

Mousing

Executive director

Danish Bioenergy Association

Kristine

van het Erve Grunnet

Head of secretariat

Danish Energy Agency

Peter

Bach

Chief Adviser

Denmark, Government of

Helle

Thorning-Schmidt

Prime Minister


Villy

Søvndal

Minister for Foreign Affairs


Henrik

Dam Kristensen

Minister for Transport


Ole

Sohn

Minister for Business and Growth


Mette

Gjerskov

Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries


Martin

Lidegaard

Minister for Climate, Energy and Building


Pia

Olsen-Dyhr

Minister for Trade and Investments

D

89


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title


Ida

Auken

Minister of the Environment


Christian

Friis-Bach

Minister for Development Cooperation

Denmark, Ministry of Climate, Energy and Building

Hans Jørgen

Koch

Deputy State Secretary

Denmark, Ministry of Employment, National Labour Market Authority

Jan

Hendeliowitz

Chair of the OECD LEED Directing Committee & Senior Policy Advisor, Danish National Labour Market Authority

Denmark, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Claus

Grube

Permanent Secretary of State

Denmark, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Carsten

Staur

Ambassador

Denmark, national delegation to the OECD

Poul Erik Dam

Kristensen

Ambassador

Denmark, Parliamant's Environmental Committee

Lone

Loklindt

Committee chair and Member of Parliament

Denmark, political party 'Dansk Folkeparti'

Mikkel

Dencker

Member of Parliament

Denmark, political party 'Liberal Alliance'

Villum

Christensen

Member of the European Parliamant and Danish Parliament

Denmark, political party 'Venstre'

Lars Christian

Lilleholt

MF (MEP)

Denmark, Prime Minister's Office

Lea Juel

Henriksen

Press Secretary

Denmark, the Embassy of, in Beijing

Liqun

LI

Programme Coordinator

Denmark, the Embassy of, in Kenya

GEERT AAGAARD

ANDERSEN

AMBASSADOR

Denmark, the Embassy of, in Seoul

Peter Lysholt

Hansen

Ambassador

Denmark, the Embassy of, in Seoul

YEON

JOO SUH

Green Growth Officer

Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations (DESA)

Nikhil

Seth

Director

Desso

Stef

Kranendijk

CEO

Deutsche Bank Group

Caio

Koch-Weser

Vice Chairman

Deutsche Bank Group

Murray

Birt

Assistant Vice President

DHI

Jørn

Rasmussen

Director, R&D

DONG Energy

Henrik

Poulsen

CEO

DONG Energy

Thomas

Dalsgaard

Executive Vice President

DONG Energy

Henrik

Maimann

Vice President

DONG Energy

Filip

Engel

Head of Stakeholder Relations

DONG Energy

Cilla Harpsøe

Bråten

Head of Sales, China

DONG Energy

Kathrine

Westermann

International PR Advisor

DSM

Fokko

Wientjes

Director Corp.Sustainability

Ecologic Institute Berlin

Martin

Hirschnitz-Garbers

Fellow and Coordinator of Resource Efficiency

Economic Development Board (EDB), Singapore

Joseph

Tay

Centre Director

Economy Green Growth, GEGG Myanmar

Nay

Htun

"Founder

EDF Group

Claude

Nahon

Senior Vice President, Sustainable Development

EKF - Denmark's export credit agency

Anette

Eberhard

CEO

E

"

90


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

EKF - Denmark's export credit agency

Kim

Richter

Senior Director, Head of SMV and Cleantech

Ellen MacArthur Foundation

Ellen

MacArthur

Founder

Ellen MacArthur Foundation

Jocelyn

Blériot

Head of Ed. Research & Content

Energinet.dk

Peder Østermark

Andreasen

President and CEO

Energinet.dk

Hans Erik

Kristoffersen

Head of Executive Secretariat

Energy Innovation: Policy and Technology LLC

Hal

Harvey

CEO

Ericsson

Ulf

Ewaldsson

Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer, Head of Group Function Technology

Ethos Institute/Instituto Sao Paolo Sustentavel

Oded

Grajew

President

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)

Josue

Tanaka

Managing Director, Operational Strategy and Planning

European Climate Foundation

Bert

Metz

Fellow at ECF and member of the Advisory Council

European Commission

Connie

Hedegaard

Commissioner for Climate Action

European Commission

Michael S.

CHRISTENSEN

Deputy Head of Cabinet

European Commission

Guido

Castellano

Member of Delegation

European Commission, Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development

Jerzy

Bogdan Plewa


European Commission, Directorate General for Energy

Marie

Donnelly

Director for new and renewable sources of energy, energy efficiency and innovation

European Commission, Directorate General Research and Innovation

Maive

Rute

Director, Biotechnologies, Agriculture, Food

European Environment Agency

Jacqueline

McGlade

Executive Director

European Investment Bank (EIB)

Simon

Brooks

Vice-President

European Investment Bank (EIB)

Christopher

Knowles

Head of Division

Faroe Islands, Representation of Government of the, in Copenhagen

Sigmundur

Isfeld

Head of Representation

Forum for the Future

Peter

Madden

Chief Executive

France, Government of

Delphine

Batho

Minister for ecology, sustainable development and energy

France, Ministry of Ecology

Paul-Bertrand

Barets

Diplomatic adviser


Laurent

d'Aumale

Interpreter


Nathalie

Graziani

Security officer

France, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Guy-Cédric

Werlings

Advisor

France, the Embassy of, to Denmark

Véronique

Bujon-Barré

French Ambassador to DK

GCL-Poly Energy Holdings Limited

Hua

SHU

Executive Director/Executive President


Bing

DAI

CTO PhD

F

G

91


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title


Li

Wei

Chief Representative, Beijing Office


Cai

Qing

-

General Electric

Fabian

Delcros

Director Gov. Affairs & Policy

Germany, Bundesministerium für Umwelt (BMU)

Karsten

Sach

Deputy Director-General for International Cooperation

Germany, Bundesministerium für Umwelt (BMU)

Sonja

Röder

Advisor

Global Energy Basel

Daniel

Wiener

Founder and CEO


Lars

Løkke Rasmussen

Chairman


Rick

Samans

Executive Director


Hans Jakob

Eriksen

Director


Mattia

Romani

Director


Jason

Eis

Deputy Director - London Office


Jung Hwan

KIM

Senior Program Manager


Simon

Sadek

Senior Fellow

Great River Corporation

Eleanor

Chan

CEO

GREEN ECONOMY & GREEN GROWTH (GEGG), Myanmar

Nay

HTUN

Founder & Hon. Patron

Green Growth Knowledge Platform

Benjamin

Simmons

Head of Secretariat

Greenberg Traurig

James

Bacchus

Chair, Global Practice Group

Greenpeace

Mads

Flarup Christensen

Executive Director of Greenpeace Nordic

Grundfos

Carsten

Bjerg

CEO and Group President

Haldor Topsøe

Jesper

Nerlov

Executive VP & CTO

Haldor Topsøe

Ulrik

Federspiel

Vice President for Global Affairs

Ho Chi Minh City

Dao Anh

Kiet

Director of Department of Natural Resources and Environment

Hyundai Motor Company

Kiho

Yoo

Director

Hyundai Motor Company

Tiger (Lim Ho)

Jeong

Senior Research Engineer

Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center

Seungwook

Yang

President of Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center

IBM

Guido

Bartels

CEO

IBM

Anders

Norström Christiansen

Director

Impax Asset Management Group

Ian

Simm

CEO

INCHEON METROPOLITAN CITY

PYUNG RYUN

YU

Director-General

Incheon Metropolitan City

Young-gil

Song

Mayor of Incheon

Indonesia, Government of the Republic of

Balthasar

Kambuaya

Minister for the Environment

Indonesia, Ministry of Environment

Rasio

Sani

Director

Indonesia, Ministry of Industry

WIDHIANTO

SAKRI

Special Assistant to the Minister

H

I

92


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

Indonesia, Ministry of Industry

Mohammad Nur

Haviadi

Staff

Indonesia, Presidential Working Unit for Supervision and Management of Development (UKP4)

William

Sabandar

Expert Assisstant

Indonesia, the Embassy of, to Denmark

Bomer

Pasaribu

Ambassador

Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP)

David

Baldock

Executive Director


Jigar

Shah

Executive Director


Patrick

D'Addario

Director, Financial Products


Julia

Reinaud

Director, Policy & Programs

Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)

Luis Alberto

Moreno

President


Orla

Bakdal

Alternate Executive Director


Bernardo

Guillamon

Manager, Outreach & Partnerships


Carlos

de Paco

Principal Outreach & Partnerships


Walter

Vergara

Divison Chief


Ignacio

Corlazzoli

Senior Operations Specialist

International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD)

Ricardo

Melendez-Ortiz

Chief Executive Officer

International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD)

Ingrid

Jegou

Manager

International Energy Agency (IEA)

Bo

Diczfalusy

Director

International Energy Agency (IEA)

Jonathan

Sinton

China Programme Manager


Nena

Stoiljkovic

Vice President, Business Advisory Services.


Usha

Rao-Monari

Head, Water and Utilities

International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)

Camilla

Toulmin

Director

International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)

Mark

Halle

Executive Director


Oshani

Perera

Programme Leader


Samuel

Colverson

Consultant

International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation (IPEEC)

Amit

Bando

Executive Director

International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation (IPEEC)

Thibaud

Voïta

Energy Policy Analyst

International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

Gauri

Singh

Director

International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

Adnan Z.

Amin

Director-General

International Road Federation

Susanna

Zammataro

Acting Director General

International Synergies

Peter

Laybourn

CEO

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

Poul

Engberg-Pedersen

Managing Director

Investment Fund for Developing Countries (IFU), Denmark

Finn

Jønck

Managing Director

93


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

Jakarta, City of

Vera

Revina Sari

Director

Jakarta, City of

Priyadi

Priyautama

Special Advisor to the Governor

Japan, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

Jun

ARIMA

Special Advisor

Japan, the Embassy of, to Denmark

Toshio

Sano

Ambassador

Kenya Association of Manufacturers

Betty

Maina

CEO

Kenya, Government of the Republic of

Peter

Anyang Nyongo

Minister for Medical Services

Kenya, PM's Office

Peter

Amenya Nyakundi

Renewable Energy Expert

Kenya, the Embassy of, to Denmark

Winnie

Mwanjala

Counsellor

Knowledge Centre for Agriculture

Jan

Mousing

CEO

Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO)

Jeung-Soo

Huh

President & CEO

Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO)

Ki hyun

Lee

Assistant Manager

Korea, Government of the Republic of

Hwang-sik

Kim

Prime Minister

Korea, PM's Office

Hyungdu

Choi

Deputy Minister

Korea, PM's Office

Hoyoung

Lee

Deputy Minister

Korea, PM's Office

Sukmin

Kim

Vice Minister

Korea, PM's Office

Daesik

Kim

Director-General

Korea, PM's Office

Sunghwan

Kim

Director-General for Protocol

Korea, PM's Office

KICHANG

PARK

Director for Protocol

Korea, PM's Office

Jeongkwan

Chon

Secretary to the PM

Korea, PM's Office

JOO YEUN

PAEK

Interpreter

Korea, Presidential Committee on Green Growth

SOOGIL

YOUNG

Chairman


HYUN YONG

JUNG

Director-General


CHUNG A

PARK

Intl. Cooperation Director

Korea, Republic of, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade

Ho-young

Ahn

1st Vice Minister


KICHEON

CHOI

2nd Secretary of Protocol


SANGPYO

SUH

Director


Jaebok

Chang

Deputy Chief of Protocol

Korea, the Embassy of the Republic of

Byungho

Kim

Ambassador to Denmark


HONG-GEUN

JEONG

Counsellor


Jin-hwa

Song

First Secretary

J

K

94


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

Korea, the President's office for Climate and Environment

Sungbin

Yim

Secretary to the President

KPMG

Barend

van Bergen

Partner

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)

Aimee

McKane

Senior Program Manager

London School of Economics

Graham

Floater

Director

London School of Economics, Cities Research Centre

Philipp

Rode

Executive director

London, Greater

Stephen

Tate

Assistant Director of Transport and Environment

Longyuan (Beijing) Solar Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.

Yao

WANG

General Manager

Los Angeles, City of

Avid

Boustani

Director for Economic and Business Policy

Maersk Oil

Jakob

Thomasen

CEO

Maersk Oil

Troels

Albrechtsen

Head of Coporate Technology and Projects

Maersk Oil

Anders

Würtzen

Head of Public Affairs

Maersk Oil

Sisi

Cohrt

Executive Secretary

Maersk Oil Qatar

Sheik Faisal

Al-Thani

Deputy Managing Director

Mandag Morgen

Erik

Rasmussen

Editor in Chief

MASEN, Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy

Mustapha

Bakkoury

President and CEO

MASEN, Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy

Nabil

Saimi

Directeur

McKinsey & Co

Johannes

Lüneborg

Partner

McKinsey & Co

Jeremy

Oppenheim

Director

Mexican States Senate, Government of the United

Ninfa

Salinas

President Environment Comm.

Mexican States, Government of the United

Juan Rafael

Elvira Quesada

Minister for Environment and Natural Resources

Mexico, the Embassy of

Martha

Barcena

Ambassador

Morocco, the Embassy of

Raja

Ghannam

Ambassador

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Doug

Arent

Executive director of Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis


Ron

Benioff

Director


Mackay

Miller

Research Analyst

Nestlé

Peter

Brabeck-Letmathe

Chairman

Nestlé

Herbert

Oberhaensli

VP Economic and International Relations

L

M

N

95


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

Netherlands, Government of the

Carla

Moonen

Special adviser to teh Prime Minister

Netherlands, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture, and Innovation, Government of the

Roel

Bol

Director, Biobased Economy

Netherlands, Prime Minister's Office

Carla

Moonen

Senior Advisor to the Prime Minister

New York City

David

Gilford

Assistant Director, Center for Economic Transformation

Nobel Sustainability Trust

Gustaf

Nobel

Chairman

Nobel Sustainability Trust

Soeren

Kofoed

Senior Partner

Nordic Innovation

Petra

Nilsson Andersen

Senior Advisor Innovation

Nordic Investment Bank

Henrik

Normann

President and CEO

Novitas Innovation

Tanja

Bisgaard

Founder

Novozymes

Steen

Riisgaard

President & CEO

Novozymes

Kåre Riis

Nielsen

Head of Public Affairs EU

Novozymes

Anders

Kristoffersen

Manager

Office Depot

Yalmaz

Saddiqui

Senior Director Purchasing and Environmental Strategy

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

Angel

Gurría

Secretary-General


LAMIA

KAMAL-CHAOUI

Advisor to the Secretary General


Simon

Upton

Environment Director


Dirk

Pilat

Head of Science and Technology Policy Division, Directorate for Science, Technology & Industry


Christina

Martinez

Senior Policy Analyst, OECD LEED Programme.

PensionDanmark

Torben

Möger Pedersen

CEO

Pertamina

Bapak

Gusrizal

Senior Vice President

Philips

Frans

van Houten

President & CEO

Philips

Jan Willem

Scheijgrond

Senior Director Environment Health & Safety

Philips

Henk

de Bruin

Global Head Sustainability Office

Philips

Karen

Sørensen

CEO Philips Nordic

Politiken

Bo

Lidegaard

Executive Editor-in-Chief

Portland, City of

Noah

Siegel

International Director

POSCO Research Institute (POSRI)

Jisun

Kim

Business Analyst

Price-waterhouse Coopers (PwC)

Malcolm

Preston

Global and UK Leader, Sustainability & Climate Change

O

P

96


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

PROhumana

Soledad

Teixido

Executive President

Qatar Solar

Khalid

Al-Hajri

CEO

Qatar, Government of the State of

Abdullah bin Hamad

Al Attiyah

Deputy Prime Minister, Chairman of the Administrative Control and Transparency Authority


Fahed

Bin Mohammad Al-Attiya

Chairman of Qatar National Food Security Programme and Chairman, Organizing SubCommittee.


Samer R.

Frangieh

Senior Advisor to the Chairman


Abdulaziz

Bin Ahmad Al-Malki

Director of Office of the President of Administrative Control and Transparency Authority


Hamad Ali Jaber

AL Hanzab

Ambassador of The State of Qatar to the Kingdom of Denmark


Khalid

Bin Fahed Al Khater

Ambassador Climate Change


Antoine

Artiganave

Personal Assistant to the Chairman


Nasser

Al-Mesalam

Protocol


Mohammed

Al-Naimi

Private Secretary


Hamad

Merherb

Editor


Mohamed

Abdulla

Quest Associates Ltd

Peter Harry

Woodward

Co-founder and Director

RAP - the Regulatory Assistance Project

Eoin

Lees

Senior Advisor

Repsol

Sebastiano

Silvestri

Researcher

Rotterdam, City of

Paula

Verhoeven

Director of Sustainability and Climate Change

Russian Federation, Foreign Ministry

Alexander

Sviridov

Second Secretary

Safaricom Limited

Bob

Collymore

CEO

Safaricom Limited

Sanda

Ojiambo

Head of Corp. Responsibility

Saint-Gobain Nordic & Baltic

Thierry

Lambert

General Participant

Samsung C&T Corporation

Keung Hwan

Kim

Executive Vice President & CTO


Jung-Hwan

Moon

Manager


Hyungwoo

Park

Manager Green Tech. Research

São Paulo, City of

Eduardo

Jorge Sobrinho

Secretary for Environment

São Paulo, City of

Joo Hyun

Ha

Interpreter

São Paulo, State Government of

Valeria

D'Amico de Lima

Deputy Associate Secretary of State

SEMARNAT - Mexico

Enrique

Lendo Fuentes

Head of the Coordination Unit

SEMARNAT - Mexico

Alfonso

Zegbe Camarena

Representative to the OECD

Q

R

S

97


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

Seoul, City of

Chi Young

Hwang

Director-general of Climate Change

Siemens

Jukka

Pertola

CEO

Siemens

Kersten-Karl

Barth

Director Corp. Sustainability

Singapore, PM's Office

Benedict

Chia

Ag Director, National Climate Change Secretariat

Stockholm Business Region

Anna

Gissler

CEO

Suzlon Energy Limited

Nicholas

Archer

Vice President

Switzerland, Federal Department of Foreign Affairs

Lorenz

Kurtz

Policy Advisor

Switzerland, Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN)

Bruno Maria Carmelo

Oberle

State Secretary

Switzerland, Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN)

Rolf

Gurtner

Deputy Head of Economics.Sec

TEPAV - Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey

Sibel

Güven

Director

TEPAV - Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey

Ozan

Acar

Advisor

The Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT)

Sarah

O'Brien

Director

Thomson Reuters

Nelson

Sam

Global Head - Advisory Services, Commodities & Energy

Turkey, Government of the Republic of

Cevdet

Yilmaz

Minister of Development

Turkey, Government of the Republic of

Mehmet

Ceylan

Deputy Minister of Development

Turkey, Ministry of Development

Sema

Bayazit

Head of Department


Cem Galip

Ozenen

Head of Department


Abdullah Ridvan

Agaoglu

Principle Clerk


Abdullah

Baysal

SECURITY H.E. Yilmaz


Omer

Serdar

SECURITY H.E. Yilmaz

Turkey, the Embassy of, in Copenhagen

Berki

Dibek

Ambassador

Turkey, the Embassy of, in Copenhagen

Emel

Derinoz Tekin

Counsellor

Turkish-Danish Business Council under the Foreign Economic Relations Board of Turkey

Feyhan

Yaşar

Chairperson

U.S. Department of Energy

Graham

Pugh

Director

U.S. Department of Energy

Matthew

Wittenstein

Fellow

UK Green Investments

Ian

Nolan

Development Director

Unilever

Thomas

Lingard

Global Advocacy Director

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Achim

Steiner

Executive Director

T

U

98


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title


Steven

Stone

Head of Branch


Corli

Pretorius

Executive Assistant

United Nations Foundation

Mark

Hopkins

Director of International Energy Efficiency

United Nations Global Compact

Georg

Kell

Executive Director

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

Kandeh

Yumkella

Director-General


Marina

Ploutakhina

Director


Byung Nae

Yang

Senior Green Growth Advisor

United Nations Office for Partnerships

Tomas Anker

Christensen

Senior Advisor for Partnerships

United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs

Nikhil

Seth

Director for Sustainable Development

University of Copenhagen

Niels

Elers Koch

Head of Institute

University of Copenhagen

Katherine

Richardson

Professor

University of Maryland

Nathan

Hultman

Director

University of Aarhus

Lauritz B.

Holm-Nielsen

Rector

University of Aarhus

Henrik

Bindslev

Vice Dean for Research

Vestas Wind Systems

Ditlev

Engel

President & CEO

Vestas Wind Systems

Peter

Brun

Senior Vice President

Vestas Wind Systems

Matt

Whitby

Communication Partner

Vestas Wind Systems

Michael

Zarin

Director, Corporate Relations

Vestas Wind Systems

Jens

Alsbirk

Director, Gov. Relations

Vietnam, Ministry of Industry & Trade

Le Duong

Quang

Vice Minister

Vietnam, Ministry of Industry & Trade

Nguyen

Huy Hoan

Vice Director

Vietnam, the Embassy of, in Copenhagen

Lai

Ngoc Doan

Ambassador

Water Resources Group

Anders

Berntell

Executive Director

WBCSD - World Business Council for Sustainable Development

Peter

Bakker

President


Matthew

Lynch

Project Director


Philippe

Joubert

Senior Advisor

Welspun Energy

Vineet

Mittal

Co-founder & Managing Director

World Bank, the

Rachel

Kyte

Vice President

World Bank, the

Jarl

Krausing

Global Climate Change Policy

World Economic Forum (WEF)

Dominic

Waughray

Senior Director, Head of Environmental Initiatives

V

W

99


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title


Alex

Mung

Associate Director


Zomo

Fisher

Project Manager


Edvina

Kapllani

Analyst

World Energy Council (WEC)

Christoph

Frei

Secretary General

World Resources Institute (WRI)

Andrew

Steer

President


Craig

Hanson

Director


Leo

Horn-Phathanothai

Director, Intl. Cooperation

World Steel Association

Åsa

Ekdahl

Manager

WWF European Policy Office

Tony

Long

Director

Yasar Group

Feyhan

Yasar

Vice President

Yingli Group

Gang

WANG

Vice General Manager

Yokohama City

Tadahiro

Saegusa

Manager Office Intl. Policy

Yokohama, City

Fumiko

Hayashi

Mayor

Yokohama, City

Tetsuya

Nakajima

Deputy Executive Director

21st Century Business Herald

Chuan

Zhao

Journalist

Al Jazeera English

Charlie

Angela

Journalist

Al Jazeera English

Neil

Cairns

Journalist

Alarab Newspaper, Doha, Qatar

Mohamed Elmetwaly Ahmed Ibrahim

Azzam

Journalist

Associated Press, freelancer

Richard

Steed

Journalist

Berlingske

Soeren

Springborg

Journalist

Berlingske Media

Keld

Navntoft

Photographer

Berlingske Media

Torkil

Adsersen

Photo-journalist

Bloomberg News

Gelu

Sulugiuc

Journalist

China Business & Trade

Ping

Gai

Journalist

china economic times

liu

hui

Journalist

Chosun

Jenn Junghyun

Park

Journalist

Dow Jones/The Wall Street Journal

Niclas

Rolander

Journalist

DR

Camilla

Faurholdt-Löfvall

Journalist

DR

Christian

Gundtoft

Journalist

DR

Nina

Z. Munch-Perrin

Journalist

Ecnomic Information Daily

Xiaobin

Chen

Journalist

El Financiero

María Esther

Arzate

Journalist

Forbes Contributor, freelance

Justin

Gerdes

Journalist

Freelance

Wan

Yun

Journalist

information

jørgen steen

nielsen

Journalist

ITAR-TASS

Morozov

Nikolay

Journalist

Y

Media

100


Firstname

Lastname

Job Title

Joongangilbo

Wonjean

Lee

Journalist

Korea, Prime Minister's Office

Sung-Ju

Byun

Photographer

K-TV

YOUNG SUK

BAEK

Camera man

K-TV

MYEONGSHIN

KIM

Camera man

MAEIL BIZ NEWSPAPER

SEOK-KI

MIN

Journalist

People's Daily

Zhonghua

Liu

Journalist

Petróleo & Energía

Milton

Méndez

Journalist

Politiken

Ellen

Andersen

Journalist

Politiken

Magnus

Holm

Photographer


Ahmad

Al-Benali

Photographer

Ritzaus Bureau

Jesper

Ravn

Journalist

San Lian Life Week

Wang

Hongliang

Journalist

Self-employeed

Fan

Wang

Journalist

Self-employeed

Peter Hasse

Ferrold

Photographer

The Associated Press

Jan

OLSEN

Journalist

Thomson Reuters

Kristian

Mortensen

Journalist

TV2

Svenning

Dalgaard

Reporter

Wall Street Journal/Dow Jones Newswires

Flemming Emil

Hansen

Journalist

www.china.org.cn, freelance

Wen

Ge

Journalist

Xinhua News Agency

Devapriyo

Das

Journalist

Xinhua News Agency

Jingzhong

Yang

Journalist

Xinhua News Agency

Bo

Wu

Photographer

Yokohama City, freelance

Naoki

Mimuro

Journalist

YONHAP NEWS AGENCY

JUNG

AHRAN

Journalist

3GF Secretariat 3GF

Susan

Ulbaek

Ambassador

3GF

Eva

Grambye

Head of Secretariat

3GF

Lisbeth

Jespersen

Deputy

3GF

Jonatan

Porsager

Head of Section

3GF

Gitte

Robinson

Technical Advisor

3GF

Jule Helen

Glaser

Head of Section

3GF

Jørgen E.

Christensen

Head of Section

3GF

Ulla Payreen

Lüders

Event manager

3GF

Josefine

Urup Wolff

Student Assistant

101

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