May 5, 2016 - Monorails suitable as transit systems. 8. .... Most appropriate system for the Komtar-Penang Airport corri
Penang Transport Master Plan Penang State Government’s Response to NGOs’ Statement
5 May 2016 1
Content 1.
Halcrow’s TMP recommendations.
2.
Positive public response on PTMP.
3.
Traffic growth main driver for ridership.
4.
Multiple transit systems – common in all cities.
5.
Tram (street level transit) not feasible.
6.
Tram in heritage zone.
7.
Monorails suitable as transit systems.
8.
Highways still needed.
9.
Financial model for PTMP.
2
Halcrow’s TMP Recommendations.
3
Halcrow’s TMP Recommendations •
•
•
•
Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP) report which was done by Halcrow had been adopted as Penang State Government’s official document on 25 March 2013. Based on the Halcrow's recommendations, State Government had come out with several project as per the study, which included: Ø 3 MAJOR HIGHWAYS & UNDERSEA TUNNEL constructed by Zenith BUCG Ø BICYCLE MASTER PLAN which now progressively done by MBPP Ø PENANG ACCESSIBILITY ACTION GROUP (PAAG) to look into the accessibility improvement plan The PTMP report by Halcrow was the foundation used during Request for Proposal (RFP) exercise – Project Delivery Partner (PDP). All the short-term, long-term including cost effective measures recommended by Halcrow were carried out by different parties in a holistic way.
4
Positive Public Response on PTMP.
5
Positive Public Response on PTMP •
•
•
To-date the State Government has proactively conducted a TOTAL OF 18 OPEN DIALOGUES with all relevant stakeholders. Ø Overall received POSITIVE SUPPORT. The State Government welcomes feedback and comments from all parties, including Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs). Why is the State Government committed to implement the PTMP? Ø Encourage use of public transport Ø Mitigate traffic congestion
6
Traffic growth main driver for ridership.
7
Ridership Model TRAFFIC GROWTH is a main driver to the ridership model: Ø HIGHER THAN POPULATION GROWTH Ø Traffic growth is driven by economic growth, tourist arrivals, etc.
•
•
Other drivers: Ø Department of Statistics’ population projection Ø Population growth from future developments 2.0
7.1%
Vehicle (JPJ)
1.8
1.6
4.5%
Traffic (LLM) 1.4
Traffic (HPU)
2.7%
1.2
Population (DOS)
1.0
State Government has appointed independent consultant for peer review of PTMP project feasibility and ridership.
1.6%
0.8
0.6 2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Vehicle (JPJ) - Registered Vehicles
8
Multiple transit systems – common in all cities.
9
Transit Systems Dependent on Demand etc. •
•
•
Transit systems for each corridor are decided from various factors: i. TARGET 40% PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODE SHARE ii. TRAVEL DEMAND & DEVELOPMENT iii. ALIGNMENT CONSTRAINTS iv. SYSTEM CAPACITY, PERFORMANCE & SAFETY The PTMP is used to as a GUIDE to ensure proper future planning. Ø Can be reviewed every 5 years NOT ALL LINES WILL BE IMPLEMENTED AT ONCE
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Appropriate Systems To Match Demand •
Most appropriate system for the Komtar-Penang Airport corridor – LRT system. Why? Ø Airport passengers increase from 6.5 MIL TO 20 MIL PASSENGERS Ø Bayan Lepas industrial zone will be expanded by 1,000 ACRES.
Corridor
1. George Town - Bayan Lepas
Demand (PPHPD) – Mode Halcrow TMP Improved TMP Year 2030 Year 2055* 2,200 - Tram 14,700 – LRT
2. George Town - Ayer Itam
1,300 - Tram
6,200 – Monorail
3. George Town - Tg Bungah
1,200 - Tram
5,800 – Monorail
4. Bayan Lepas extension to SRS
no mention
7,500 – LRT
5. George Town - Butterworth
no mention
6,000 – LRT
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Comparison Between Systems LRT has higher performance in terms of CAPACITY, SPEED and JOURNEY TIME. Typical capacity (PPHPD) Speed (kph) Journey time (mins) Headway (mins) No of car/train (or “veh”) No of pax/car @ 4.8 pax/sq m Construction costs/km (RM mil) @ 2015 prices
LRT 18,500 35 40
Monorail 7,000 30 45
Tram 4,500 20 70
BRT 2,500 25 55
Bus 500 15 90
2 4
3 4
4 2
3 2
5 1
160
90
160
60
60
220
170
110
>40* (at-grade)
*To have a dedicated tramway with high capacity, cost is estimated to be more than RM220mil per km – utility relocations, land acquisitions, time, etc.
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Multiple Systems in Major Cities •
Established cities are known to run MULTIPLE TRANSIT SYSTEMS functioning as a single integrated network: PARIS
LONDON Underground metro • Light rail • Tram • Commuter rail • High-speed train •
• • • •
Underground metro Commuter rail Tram High-speed train
AMSTERDAM • • •
Underground metro Light rail Tram
Different transit systems in London
High Speed 1
Underground metro
Light rail 13
Trams (street level transit) not feasible.
14
No Planned Corridor For Rail Transit •
•
New transit lines need to be PARACHUTED ON THE ROAD SPACE TO MINIMISE LAND ACQUISITION AND SOCIAL IMPACT To achieve State Government’s objective – 40% public transport mode share: Ø
Proposed systems needs HIGH CAPACITY, hence the need for DEDICATED CORRIDOR
15
Adverse Impacts With Trams •
•
If the State Government were to build trams: Ø Will have to SACRIFICE TRAFFIC LANES to accommodate dedicated corridor Ø Severe TRAFFIC IMPACT to already congested road system If the State Government were to maintain the number of traffic lanes: Ø Ø
Will have to ACQUIRE ADJACENT LAND AND BUILDINGS (costly exercise) Massive social consequences and PUBLIC OUTCRY
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Major Inconvenience With Trams •
During construction, there will be long periods of disruption to the local communities: Ø Ø
TOTAL ROAD CLOSURES (> 2 years) to allow for utilities relocations Extend construction period FROM 6 TO 8 YEARS
Tram works roadworks at Princes Street, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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Total Road Closures With Trams
18
Businesses Will Suffer During Utilities Relocation
19
Massive Utilities Relocation 2.5m Walkway
3.5m Lane 1
3.35m 3.35m Tram Lane 2 Tram Lane 1 6.7m TRAM LANES
2.2m
Excavation Utilities relocated under Road Lane for future maintenance/replacement
• •
Utilities under Tram Lane to be relocated
Relocation of underground utilities is required. NO OPPORTUNITY for future utility maintenance under tramway.
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Traffic Conflicts Inevitable – During Operation
JLN PERUSAHAAN JELUTONG
LEBUHRAYA TUN DR LIM CHONG EU
TRAM
AFTER
TRAM
BEFORE
SIGNALISED T-JUNCTION
21
Motorists Will Bear The Brunt – During Operation
JLN MAGAZINE
BEFORE
LEBUHR AYA TUN D
R LIM C HONG E
U
AFTER TRAM TRAM
22
Tram-Pedestrian Accidents – During Operation 15 12 9 Count
6 3 0
Person Moving average 3 years
SOURCE: Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 http://transportsafety.vic.gov.a u 2013 2014 2015
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Tram-Road Vehicle Accidents – During Operation 300 250 200 Count 150 100
Road vehicle Moving average 3 years
50 0
SOURCE: Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 http://transportsafety.vic.gov.a u 2013 2014 2015
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Street Level Transit System Is Not Cheaper •
•
SYDNEY CBD AND SOUTH EAST 12km LRV PROJECT (street level), reported a budget overrun of AUD$600mil to AUD$2.2bil for AUD$183mil per km Proposed 21km Bayan Lepas LRT with a similar capacity of 18,000 passengers per hour per direction is estimated to cost about RM220mil per km
Transit System
Length
Cost (per km)
Total Cost
Grade Level
Sydney LRV Project
12km
AUD$183mil
AUD$2bil
Street Level
Bayan Lepas LRT
30km
RM220mil
RM7bil
Elevated AUD$1 = RM3
25
Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor.
26
1ST TMP Project – Bayan Lepas LRT •
•
•
•
Bayan Lepas LRT is the first TMP to be implemented: Ø Studies show it is ECONOMICALLY VIABLE (EIRR > 10%) It is an LRT system: Ø ELEVATED Ø The MAIN N-S BACKBONE connecting Komtar to the airport Ø CONNECTS TO SEBERANG PERAI in future As lines are implemented at different times, INVARIABLY THERE WILL BE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS (system technology changes rapidly with time) More important is the SEAMLESS TRANSFER of transit passengers: Ø PHYSICAL INTEGRATION @ interchanges at Sia Boey and The Light Ø SINGLE TICKETING SYSTEM
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Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor – Transit System Has To Be Elevated •
For the Komtar-Penang Airport dedicated corridor, OVER 91% OF TOTAL ALIGNMENT HAS TO BE ELEVATED (19km out of 21km). Why? Ø Ø Ø Ø
To avoid re-signalising / overhaul road junctions To avoid traffic impact to connecting/ adjacent roads To avoid lane closures and removal of parking space To avoid encroachment into buildings and land acquisitions
ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT = ELEVATED LRT
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Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor - Lane Closures and Removal Of Parking Space (Tram) ALONG FIZ STRETCH = 2KM
FIZ SOUTH STATION Ø Lane reduction Ø Side parking removed
Fence BOSCH
Side Parking Fence
2 lanes service road with Side Parking 11.1 m
Divider 6.4 m
Fence
Traffic lane 11.3 m
Divider 2.6 m
Traffic lane 10.9 m
Side Fence Parking
RENESAS
Divider One Lane Service Road with Side Parking 2.4 m 7.1 m
Pedestrian Link Bridge
Reduction of traffic lanes from dual three to dual two
BOSCH
Fence
Separator 0.6m
Side Fence Parking
Side Parking Removed
Separator 0.6m
Fence RENESAS
2 lanes service road with Side Parking 11.1 m
5.7 m
Traffic lane 7.6 m
Tram Lane Tram Stop Tram Lane 3.65 m 3.0 m 3.65 m FIZ SOUTH STATION
Traffic lane 7.6 m
Note: No drop5.0 m 1.5 m 3.0 m off / lay-by areas One Lane Walkway Space Service Road for Link Bridge
29
Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor - Encroachment, Blocked Access And Land Acquisition (Tram) Kwang Hwa School Ø Encroachment Ø Land acquisition Ø Lane reduction Ø Blocked access
-
-
JLN SULTAN AZLAN SHAH (ELEVATED)
Lot Boundary
-
Tram lane encroaches into school compound (internal car park affected) Access to / from school affected / blocked by tram lanes Land acquisition (school compound)
SCHOOL
SINGLE STOREY HOUSES COMPOUND
Divider/ Walkway 1 Traffic Lane Shoulder 8.33m + 1 access lane to 3.00m school JLN SULTAN AZLAN SHAH (ELEVATED)
Compound 8.00m
SINGLE STOREY HOUSES COMPOUND Traffic Lane Tram LaneTram Lane 5.0 m 3.65 m 3.65 m
ROW
Buffer Zone 0.6m
3.6m
Reinstateme nt of Walkway
SCHOOL
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Elevated Rail Transit @ Lebuhraya Tun Dr Lim Chong Eu
JLN M
•
Loc 2-5
Crossing major T-junctions
Loc 6 Junctions
IJM Reclamation Area – Future
•
Loc 7
Crossing Lim CE expressway
•
Loc 8 Crossing Jalan Akuarium
•
Loc 9-10
•
Loc 11 Crossing Outer Bypass
Crossing RECSAM’s access road
EB
EU CH ON G
Loc 13Crossing T-junction AH MA DN OR
LE BU HR AY A
JL N
LIM
•
1
JL N
MACALLUM
2
7.2km
4 L
DR
Loc 12Crossing Hindu Temple’s access
KOMTAR
BANDAR SRI PINANG
UH
SG
5 PE R
SKYCAB
US
TU N
•
0km
GA 3GA T LEB T UH LE MA BU CA H CE LL CI UM L
SUNGAI PINANG
AH AA N
JE
LU TO
PI NA NG
SKYCAB
NG
EAST JELUTONG
6
OUTER BYPASS
11
10
9
8
THE LIGHT
7 12 13
AK UA RIU M
•
C. Y. CH O
Crossing Lim CE expressway
JL N
Loc 1
R IR
•
CH AG AZ INE Y
REASONS FOR ADOPTING ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT :
TINGKAT SG GELUGOR 5
Legend GB LR T
Elevat ed Sectio n
31
Elevated Rail Transit @ Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah REASONS FOR ADOPTING ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT : •
Loc 14
•
Loc 15Crossing Jln Sg Dua
•
Loc 16
Crossing Lebuh Nipah 1
Loc 17 Access
Crossing Kwang Hwa School’s
JLN SG GELUGOR 2 JLN ISMAIL NAGORE
Crossing Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah
Loc 18To cater for future underpass
•
Loc 19Crossing Jalan Tun Dr Awang
•
Loc 20Crossing Jln Mahsuri
AN SH AH
JLN SUNGAI DUA LO LO RO RO NG NG SG SG DU DU A A 1
NIPAH
19
ANG R AW UN D T N JL
18
SPICE
20
U MP KA N JL LAU RE
JALAN MAHSURI
1.8km
JLN SUNGAI 2
BATU UBAN PERSIARAN BATU UBAN
JL NP AN TA IJ
SU NG AI DU 15 A
1
17 BUKIT JAMBUL
BRIDGE
NG
PESTA JL NA ZIZ I
16
ER EJ AK 1
BR AH IM
ELE VA TED
LEBU H
PENAN G 1ST
14
HIG HW AY
JL N
J LN S ULTA N AZL
•
USM
LIN NIP TAN AH G
•
GELUGOR
SUNGAI NIBONG Legend Elevat ed Sectio Atn Grade Section
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Elevated Rail Transit REASONS FOR ADOPTING ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT : Loc 21 Ø
•
Hospital & School access
Loc 22Crossing Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah
•
Loc 23Crossing JKR Elevated U-turn
•
Loc 24Crossing Airport Roundabout
N JL
TO
NG KO
U
R LAFIZ
22 HIL IR
NORTH
SG
KLU ANG
4
FIZ SOUTH
N JL
Loc 25Crossing Kampung Area & Jln Permatang Damar Laut
M G AN AY R SI PA
N JL SG 1
SG AM R TI
SG TIRAM
3
23
24 PENANG AIRPORT
25
PERMATANG DAMAR LAUT CH 20.9km
11.9km
AM R TI
N JL
JLN PERMATANG DAMAR LAUT
•
21
Crossing Jalan Tengah
JA LA NM
•
JALAN TENGAH
AYA NG PA SIR
@ FIZ to Permatang Damar Laut
PE NA NG 2
AIRPORT EXPANSION PLAN
ND
BR IDG
E
Legend
Element
Length (km)
Elevated
19.1 (91%)
At-Grade
1.8 (9%)
Total
20.9
Elevat ed Sectio Atn Grade Section
33
Tram in Heritage Zone.
34
Heritage Preservation in George Town •
•
Heritage Tram (street level) is in line with George Town as a HERITAGE CITY. Ø MOBILITY WITHIN HERITAGE ZONE Ø TOURIST ATTRACTION NO ELEVATED STRUCTURES within the World Heritage Site.
35
Monorails suitable as transit systems.
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Monorails are SAFE & Suitable • •
There are 2 TYPES OF MONORAILS – transit and theme parks. Major cities with transit monorails – CHINA, JAPAN, SOUTH KOREA, CHINA, INDIA, BRAZIL AND UNITED STATES.
Las Vegas Monorail
Sao Paulo Monorail Emergency walkway
Emergency walkway 37
Operational Transit Monorails In Other Countries LOCATION
COUNTRY
NAME
YEAR OPENED
LENGTH
Chongqing
China
Chongqing Monorail (Lines 2 & 3)
2005
86.8 km
Mumbai
India
Mumbai Monorail
2014
19.54 km
Kitakyushu Naha, Okinawa Osaka Prefecture Tokyo Western Tokyo Kuala Lumpur
Japan Japan Japan Japan Japan Malaysia
1985 2003 1990 1964 1998 2003
8.8 km 12.8 km 28 km 17.8 km 16 km 8.6 km
Daegu
S. Korea
Kitakyushu Monorail Okinawa Monorail Osaka Monorail Tokyo Monorail Tama Toshi Monorail Line Kuala Lumpur Monorail Daegu Metro (Line 3) Las Vegas Monorail São Paulo Metro (Line 15)
2015
23.9 km
2004
6.3 km
2014
2.9 km
Las Vegas Strip São Paulo
US Brazil
38
Highways still needed.
39
Highways Still Needed •
• •
•
40% public transport mode shift CANNOT HAPPEN OVERNIGHT – NEEDS TO BE ENCOURAGED PROGRESSIVELY. Eg. Full electronic tolling – took >25 years to implement in Klang Valley. HIGHWAYS STILL NEEDED to cater for the GROWTH OF REMAINING 60% PRIVATE VEHICLES. Lessons from Singapore – Despite achieving 60% public transport mode share, the island republic is still building new highways.
As of 2014, there were 163 km of expressways in Singapore, with new highways in the pipeline.
40
Financial model for PTMP.
41
Sale of Reclaimed Land To Finance The PTMP •
•
•
•
•
Reclaimed land and PTMP components BELONG SOLELY TO THE STATE GOVERNMENT Proceeds from the SALE OF RECLAIMED LAND VIA PUBLIC AUCTION will be used to fund the PTMP components that are to be implemented. Implementation of each PTMP component (whether rail or road) depends on: • ECONOMIC VIABILITY • FUND AVAILABILITY Each PTMP component to be implemented will be tendered out via OPEN TENDER. The State Government is studying options for SUSTAINABLE RAIL OPERATIONS
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THANK YOU
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