Europe and Central Asia. UPPER MIDDLE INCOME. Population (millions, 2009). 21.5. Population growth (avg. annual %, 2000â
Romania
Europe and Central Asia
UPPER MIDDLE INCOME
Population (millions, 2009) Population growth (avg. annual %, 2000–09) Population density (people per km2, 2008) Labor force (millions, 2008) Unemployment rate (% of labor force, 2008) Urban population (% of pop., 2009) Surface area (1,000 km2, 2008) GNI (US$ billions, 2009) GNI per capita, Atlas method (US$, 2009) GDP growth (avg. annual %, 2005–09) Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop., 2005) Age dependency ratio (2009)
21.5 –0.4 93.5 9.7 5.8 54.4 238.4 164.1 8,330 3.8 0.8 43.0
Migration EMIGRATION, 2010 Stock of emigrants: 2,769.4 thousands Stock of emigrants as percentage of population: 13.1% ■■ Top destination countries: Italy, Spain, Hungary, Israel, the United States, Germany, Canada, Austria, France, the United Kingdom ■■ ■■
SKILLED EMIGRATION, 2000 ■■ ■■
Emigration rate of tertiary-educated population: 11.8% Emigration of physicians: 3,119 or 6.9% of physicians trained in the country (Source: Bhargava, Docquier, and Moullan 2010)
IMMIGRATION, 2010 Stock of immigrants: 132.8 thousands Stock of immigrants as percentage of population: 0.6% ■■ Females as percentage of immigrants: 51.3% ■■ Refugees as percentage of immigrants: 1.3% ■■ Top source countries: Moldova, Bulgaria, Ukraine, the Russian Federation, the Syrian Arab Republic, Hungary, Greece, Turkey, Italy, Germany ■■ ■■
Remittances US$ millions
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009 2010e
Inward remittance flowsa 124 132 4,733 6,718 8,542 9,381 4,928 of which Workers’ remittances 14 18 3,754 5,509 6,835 7,580 4,207 Compensation of employees 110 113 954 1,165 1,626 1,705 651 Migrants’ transfers — 1 25 44 81 96 71
4,517
Outward remittance flows 8 8 33 57 353 664 310 of which Workers’ remittances 1 1 4 6 289 482 243 Compensation of employees 7 5 24 42 55 169 61 Migrants’ transfers — 2 6 8 9 13 6
—
— — —
— — —
a. For comparison: net FDI inflows US$13.9 bn, total international reserves US$39.8 bn, exports of goods and services US$59.8 bn in 2008.
The Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 is compiled by Dilip Ratha, Sanket Mohapatra, and Ani Silwal, Migration and Remittances Unit, World Bank. More information on other countries and 210 regions are available at www.worldbank.org/prospects/migrationandremittances. Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011
