At Rolls-Royce we make engines for aeroplanes, ships and ones that are used ... The BBC has a really good website about
Scientist Badge Activity Pack
the physical world At Rolls-Royce we make engines for aeroplanes, ships and ones that are used to make electricity or pump gas and oil through pipelines. We are also investigating how we can make electricity from the wind and tides so that there is less pollution.
- recognise three different constellations - make a periscope - make a simple switch
We have about 38,000 people working for us in factories and offices all over the world. Each year about 200 young people join our company in the UK as apprentices. Another 200 people join Rolls-Royce after they have been to university so they can learn how to design and build engines. Most of these young people have done well in science and engineering subjects at school. We are always looking for the best scientists and engineers to work with us and we hope you may be one of them one day! You can find out lots more about Rolls-Royce and try out some free games on our website: www.rolls-royce.com/education
Copyright © 2010, The Scout Association, Reg. Charity No. 306101, scouts.org.uk
the living world - pond dipping - grow crystals - set up a wormery
make a simple switch used Show how it could be by a battery.
to control a light bulb
powered
You will need: • battery and holder • bulb and holder • 2 lengths of wire ulating coating) e wire has a plastic ins th (if ol to ing pp tri s • • paper clip ers • 2 metal paper fasten • card What to do:
ng, ask an adult to plastic insulating coati 1. If the wire has a ol. You need using the stripping to help you remove this lengths. re at each end of both about 2cm of bare wi the paperclip o the holder and use 2. Screw the bulb int the switch (as shown). and fastener to form the bulb and nnect one fastener to 3. Use the wire to co the battery. the other fastener to e other terminal of cuit by connecting th 4. Complete the cir lb. her terminal of the bu the battery to the ot
Tip lish on the teners may have a po The paper clip and fas wing. This can be event the current flo surface which will pr a screwdriver. dpaper or the side of cleaned off using san
recognise three s n o i t a l l e t s n o c t n e differ in the sky. The that make a pattern rs sta of p ou gr a is often named after A constellation of their shape and are e us ca be s me na en patterns are giv mythical people.
rd for star gy. The Greeks Stella is the Latin wo le from Greek mytholo op pe er aft d me na help them navigate. Many stars are re very important to we rs sta e th d an s lor were great sai on a clear dark ions visible in the sky lat tel ns co t en fer dif where away from There are many e stars, try to find some th at g kin loo are u lations and stars if it night. When yo sier to see the constel ea it d fin ll wi u Yo . street lighting is really dark. Northern Hemisphere
stars:
s three bright stars Orion (the hunter) the naked eye) he ha (to e us ca be ot sp to u can then look Orion is easy ving spotted these yo Ha lt. be his ing rm fo feet and his arms. If close together rners of his head and co e th rk ma at th es rs and more details. out for the on you will see more sta e op esc tel a or rs ula er and April. you use binoc UK between Novemb e th in e ibl vis is ion This constellat osed to look Casseopeia is constellation is supp th d an n ee qu k ee Gr because the Casseopeia was a e is quite easy to spot on is Th . ne ro th r he like her sitting on stars form a large W. pper ly the most The Plough or Big Di Major, which is probab sa Ur in rs sta t igh br , The Plough A group of seven m anywhere in the UK fro en Se . sky e th in p recognisable grou le Star slowly around the Po never sets but swings every night.
space, good website about The BBC has a really s: ing all the constellation including charts show e/space www.bbc.co.uk/scienc
e p o c s i r e p a e k a m You will need: • 2 small mirrors • sticky tape
• 2 empty juice cartons • scissors
Safety: cutting. ase be careful when Scissors are sharp, ple What to do: it juice cartons using
two fru 1. Cut the tops from
the scissors.
n, making bottom of each carto e th ar ne ow nd wi a 2. Cut mirrors. the same size as your the windows roughly other slot of the carton and an m tto bo e th in t slo a 3. Cut u can slide . Position them so yo opposite the window ce using pla in r cure the mirro 45° the mirror in at 45º. Se both cartons. r fo is th Do e. tap y stick er, with the of the cartons togeth ds en en op o tw e th in place 4. Place opposite directions. Fix in ing fac s ow nd wi two using sticky tape. h the bottom pe up and look throug 5. Hold the perisco st, adjust the fir at through it see n’t ca u yo If . ow wind until you can. angle of the mirrors e surface copes to see above th Submarines use peris ey are submerged. of the water when th
How does it work? ht line, but by using Light travels in a straig d bounces from one en two mirrors the light out into your eye. to the other and then
Tips
easy to slip in to th a flat bank, as it is 1. Choose a pond wi s. Ponds with banks or gravelly edge a pond with sloping best. dipping platforms are nd dipping trip, help to organise a po 2. If you want some water authority uncil, wildlife trust or contact your local co ation activities. uc y environmental ed and ask if they run an es living in ely to have invertebrat lik s les are s ck du th pollute the 3. Ponds wi droppings and bread ck du e us ca be is is them. Th live in it. rd for anything else to water and make it ha rates in ponds likely to find inverteb 4. You are also less ! cause the fish eat them managed for fish, be your hands, you have any cuts on if g pin dip nd po go ster. The 5. Do not well covered with a pla or make sure they are nds as soon as ha ur also wash yo ld ou sh u yo so ty, dir water is ve finished. possible after you ha
pond dipping You will need: • a dipping net on a long handle • a deep tray (to tip the creatures you catch into – this works much better than a jar) • a guide with pictures (to help you identify the different creatu res you could also visit www.lifeinfreshwater.org.uk) Safety: Be very careful near water and always have an adult with you. What to do: 1. Carefully fill up your tray with water before you start dippin g. Try not to move the tray once you have filled it. 2. Once you have dipped your net in the pond, make sure you transfer the pond creatures into the tray as soon as you catch them. Do this by carefully turning the net inside out over the tray. 3. Make sure any pondweed goes into your tray too. It will be full of pond creatures, so look at it carefully. 4. Watch your tray carefully and try to identify the creatures you find by using your guide.
Important: It is very important not to damage the wildlife or environment. Handle the pond creatures very carefully so you do not hurt them and remember that the pondweed is their home!
5. When you have finished, make sure you put the water, weed and pond creatures carefully back into the pond.
grow crystals You will need: • alum powder (you can buy this at the chemist) • saucepan • cooker/stove • tablespoon • water • saucer • clean empty jam jar • elastic band • nylon fishing line • pen cil • small piece of cloth Safety: Be careful when heating the solu
tion, hot liquid can burn.
What to do: 1. Pour about 600ml (or 1 pint) of water
into the saucepan and add 100g
alum powder. 2. Gently heat the mixture and stir until the powder has dissolve d. Take the saucepan off the heat. 3. Once the powder has disappe ared, add a little more alum and stir until that has dissolved. Keep adding a little mo re alum until no more will dissolve (this means that the solution is saturated) 4. Once the mixture has cooled down, pour a little into the sau cer and put this to one side. 5. Pour the rest of the mixture into the jam jar. Stir in an extra tablespoon of alum, cover the jar with the cloth and fasten with the elastic band. 6. Leave the saucer somewhere safe (like on a windowsill). After a few days, small crystals should start to gro w in the saucer. Leave until all the water has evaporated. 7. Choose the biggest crystal from the saucer as your ‘seed’. Carefully tie a long thread around the seed crystal and wind the other end around the pencil. 8. Hang the crystal in the jar of alum solution by balancing the pencil across the top of the jar. Put the cloth back to stop dust getting in. 9. Put the jar somewhere warm, like
an airing cupboard, and leave the
crystal to grow.
10. The crystal should grow for about two weeks. When it stop s growing, take it out of the jar.
How does it work? water in the saucer Seed crystals are formed as the chemical in the solution of evaporates. The tiny particles in the jar also keeps tal crys gradually join together. The s. As the solution gets growing as the water evaporate around the seed crystal. stronger, the particles crystallise
Further ideas: • If you use sewing thread instead of nylon fishing line, the crystal will grow up the thread. This is another way of making seeds crystals, just break one off the thread and tie to a nylon thread to grow it on. • Try putting some food colouring in the solution to make a coloured crystal. • Try growing crystals from other solutions, such as sugar or salt.
set up a wormery You will need: • a large plastic bottle – two litre size • scissors • damp soil or compost • sand • dead leaves • a large sheet of thick black pap er • about 10 earthworms Safety: Scissors are sharp, please be care ful
when cutting.
What to do: 1. Carefully cut off the top of the
bottle, leaving a tall container.
2. Fill the bottle with different layers of damp soil and sand. The soil layers should be about 3cm deep and the sand layers thinner (about 5mm). 3. Break the dead leaves into smaller pieces and put these on the surface of the top layer. 4. Put the earthworms on the top
.
5. Cover the outside of the bot tle with a tube made from thic k black paper. This is to keep the light out, so make sure it fits the bot tle tightly and use several layers of paper. 6. Put the container in a cool place and make sure the soil stay s damp – NOT wet! 7. After two or three days, lift the black paper cover and see wh at has happened. 8. You can keep your wormery in a cool, dark place for up to two weeks, taking a look every cou ple of days to see what is happening, and making sure the soil is still damp. When it is time to let the worms go release the m back to where you found the m.
How does it work? garden, because Worms are really important in the by recycling they help to keep the soil good and plants), mixing decaying material (dead leaves drainage. up the top layers and improving ng and healthy. This helps the plants to grow stro the worms In your wormery you will see how up the soil and tunnel through the earth, mixing g some of the dead sand layers. They might also dra the soil. leaves from the surface down into
