Sector Performance Standards - Jkuat

REPUBLIC OF KENYA THE PRESIDENCY MINISTRY OF DEVOLUTION AND PLANNING

SECTOR PERFORMANCE STANDARDS 2015 2nd Edition MARCH 2015

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REPUBLIC OF KENYA THE PRESIDENCY MINISTRY OF DEVOLUTION AND PLANNING

SECTOR PERFORMANCE STANDARDS 2015 2nd Edition

MARCH 2015

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FOREWORD The Sector Performance Standards 2015 review marks an important milestone in the Government’s implementation of the performance contracting process that was adopted in 2003 and which is a key input in the successful implementation of Kenya Vision 2030 and Medium Term Plans. The first Sector Performance Standards developed in 2009 covered the Kenya Vision 2030, First Medium Term Plan 20082012. The emerging developments and dynamics since then, that included the promulgation of the Constitution 2010 and the Second Medium Term Plan 2013-2017 has necessitated the review of the Standards. The Sector Performance Standards enables different sectors to define performance levels; improve performance contracting and evaluation; strengthen the linkages between development planning, budgeting and M&E. This will ultimately improve public service delivery in the country and lead to the achievement of Vision 2030 targets. The Sector Performance Standards (SPS) highlight outcome oriented indicators for monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of programmes and projects in all sectors. The key result areas, performance indicators and the targets in each sector have been carefully identified and address the priorities of the Government. The performance indicator targets have been benchmarked against those in the middle and high income economies. These Standards cover the Second MTP 2013-2017 plan period and will guide the performance contracting process across the public service. All public sector institutions are required to apply these standards when setting their performance indicators and targets. The achievement of the targets contained in this SPS calls for a collaborative approach in implementing programmes and projects and commitment to ensure realization of Kenya Vision 2030 that will make our country a globally competitive and prosperous nation. I therefore call upon Government institutions, development partners, private sector and all development stakeholders to work towards achieving these Standards. My office is committed to maximizing the welfare of Kenyans through efficient and effective performance contracting and public service delivery.

Anne Waiguru, OGW Cabinet Secretary Ministry of Devolution and Planning iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Ministry of Devolution and Planning, which is mandated with the formulation of national development plans, as well as undertaking monitoring and evaluation, reviewed the Sector Performance Standards 2009/10. The review was undertaken in order to align the performance indicators to the Second MTP and Vision 2030. This SPS is a product of benchmarking and is therefore a tool that will guide implementation of the government’s priorities/programmes towards achieving the country’s global competitiveness. The key result areas, performance indicators and the sector targets in SPS 2015 have been aligned to the aspirations of the Constitution, Kenya Vision 2030, Second MTP and other government policies. The SPS is a key document for reference in setting standards for the performance contracting targets by all MDAs and will inform policy. The SPS has been developed through a consultative process where MDAs provided targets that have been included. Several sector discussions and validation meetings were held to ensure that consensus is built with regards to identification of key result areas and performance standards. This document contains the sector vision and mission, strategic objectives, key result areas and performance standards, as well as the status as at 2012. We are grateful to the Cabinet Secretary, Ms. Anne Waiguru, O.G.W, for authorizing and providing overall leadership in the review of the Sector Performance Standards. We wish to thank the team that worked tirelessly to review the Sector Performance Standards. The team comprised the following experts: Mr. Jackson Kiprono of Ministry of Devolution and Planning (Chairperson), Mr. Bernard N. Simiyu (Vice Chair and Consultant), Prof. Tabitha Kiriti Ng'ang'a of School of Economics, University of Nairobi (UoN); Dr. Jacob N. Onkunya, HSC (Consultant), Mr. Elisha Wandera (Consultant), Eng. Harry Mathenge (Consultant), Mr. Francis Mwandembo of Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Ms. Ada Mwangola of Vision 2030 Delivery Secretariat, Ms. Margaret Githinji of Ministry of Devolution and Planning, and Mr. Joshua Mwiranga of Ministry of Devolution and Planning. Similarly, we wish to acknowledge the contributions of Mr. Kirung’e Kinuthia (Consultant), Mr. Adonijah A. Nyamwanda (Consultant), Ms. Anastacia Kariuki of Public Service Commission of Kenya and Mr. Andrew Maiyo of Kenya Bureau of Standards. We would also like to thank the staff of Performance Contracting Division, particularly Mr. Paul Mbuni, Coordinator of the Review exercise. Special thanks go to the

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Secretariat comprising Ms. Marianne Kisanji, Mrs. Joyce Bonuke, Ms. Lydiah Mutenyo and Mr. Rufus Muiruri. In conclusion, the Ministry acknowledges all the MDAs for providing support in the process of developing the 2015 Sector Performance Standards.

Eng. Peter Mangiti Principal Secretary, State Department of Planning Ministry of Devolution and Planning

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Table of Contents FOREWORD............................................................................................................................................ iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... viii CHAPTER ONE ......................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1

BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................... 1

1.2

TERMS OF REFERENCE ........................................................................................................ 1

1.2.1 1.3

Establishment of the task force .................................................................................. 1

METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 2

1.3.1

Sectors ............................................................................................................................ 2

1.3.2

Development of Draft Sector Standards ................................................................... 4

CHAPTER TWO ........................................................................................................................................ 6 AGRICULTURE, RURAL AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................. 6 2.1

Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6

2.2

Vision and Mission ................................................................................................................ 7

2.5Key Result Areas ......................................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................................ 23 GENERAL ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS SECTOR ................................................................ 23 3.1

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 23

3.2

Vision and Mission .............................................................................................................. 23

3.3

Strategic goals/objectives of the Sector.......................................................................... 24

3.4

Sub Sectors and their Mandates....................................................................................... 25

3.5

Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies ....................................................................... 26

3.6

Key Result Areas ................................................................................................................. 27

CHAPTER 4 ............................................................................................................................................ 39 ENERGY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND INFORMATION, COMMUNICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY SECTOR .. 39 4.1

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 39

4.2


4.3

Strategic Goals/Objectives of the Sector......................................................................... 40

4.4

Strategic objectives ............................................................................................................ 41

4.5

Autonomous and Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies (AGAs and SAGAs) ...... 42

4.5.1

Energy and Petroleum Subsector ............................................................................. 42 vi

4.5.2

Transport and Infrastructure Subsector .................................................................. 42

4.5.3

Information Communications and Technology Subsector .................................... 43

4.6

Key Result Areas ................................................................................................................. 43

CHAPTER 5 ............................................................................................................................................ 52 SOCIAL PROTECTION, CULTURE AND RECREATION SECTOR................................................................. 52 5.1

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 52

5.2


5.3

Strategic Objectives............................................................................................................ 52

5.4

Sub-Sector Mandates ......................................................................................................... 53

5.4.1

Labour, Social Security and Services ....................................................................... 53

5.4.2

Sports, Culture and the Arts sub-Sector ................................................................. 53

5.5.2

Sports, Culture and Arts Sub-Sector ........................................................................ 54

5.5.3

Programmes ................................................................................................................ 55

5.6

Key Result Areas ................................................................................................................. 55

CHAPTER 6 ............................................................................................................................................ 65 EDUCATION SECTOR ............................................................................................................................. 65 6.1

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 65

6.2


6.3

Strategic Goals and Objectives of the Sector ................................................................. 65

6.3.1

Strategic Objectives of Education Sector ................................................................ 66

6.4

Sub Sectors .......................................................................................................................... 67

6.5

Commission ......................................................................................................................... 67

6.6

Sagas in the Sector ............................................................................................................ 67

6.7

Key result areas .................................................................................................................. 68

CHAPTER 7 ............................................................................................................................................ 78 HEALTH SECTOR .................................................................................................................................... 78 7.1

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 78

7.2


7.3

Strategic Objectives............................................................................................................ 79

7.4

Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies (SAGAs) ....................................................... 79

7.5

Key Result Areas ................................................................................................................. 79

CHAPTER 8 ............................................................................................................................................ 85 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS SECTOR................................................. 85 8.1

Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 85 vii

8.2


8.3

Strategic goals/Objectives of the Sector ......................................................................... 85

8.4

Sub-Sectors ........................................................................................................................ 86

8.5

Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies ....................................................................... 86

8.6

Key Result Areas ................................................................................................................. 87

CHAPTER 9 .......................................................................................................................................... 102 GOVERNANCE, JUSTICE LAW AND ORDER SECTOR ............................................................................ 102 9.1

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 102

9.2

Vision and Mission ............................................................................................................ 102

9.3

Strategic Objectives of the Sector .................................................................................. 103

9.4

Sub-sectors ....................................................................................................................... 103

9.5

Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies (SAGAs) ..................................................... 104

9.5.1

SAGAs ......................................................................................................................... 104

9.5.2

TRIBUNALS ................................................................................................................ 104

9.6

Key Results Areas ......................................................................................................... 105

CHAPTER 10 ........................................................................................................................................ 116 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES SECTOR ................................. 116 10.1

Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 116

10.2

Vision and Mission ............................................................................................................ 116

10.3

Strategic goals/Objectives of the Sector ....................................................................... 116

10.4

Sub-Sectors and their Mandates .................................................................................... 117

10.4.1

Environment, Water and Natural Resources ........................................................ 117

10.4.2

Mining Sub-Sector..................................................................................................... 117

10.5

Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies ..................................................................... 118

10.6

Key Result Areas ............................................................................................................... 119

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................................... 127

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The development of Sector Performance Standards was first undertaken in 2010 and covered Medium Term Plan I which ended in 2012. There was therefore need to review viii

these standards and align them to MTP II (2013/2017) and to Vision 2030. A Task Force was appointed by the Office of the Cabinet Secretary, Ministry of Devolution and Planning, to assist in the review of Sector Performance Standards (SPS) developed in 2009. The team started its work on 5th May, 2014 with the goal of updating and bench marking the Standards to International best Practice. In the development of Sector Performance Standards the following activities were undertaken: Review of the Sector Performance Standards 2010; Consultations with different sectors and updating current status; Stakeholder workshop for validation. The review identified new Key Results Areas (KRAs) and aligned the same to MPT II and Kenya Vision 2030. For each Key Results Area (KRA), indicators have been identified to enable assessment of progress. The targets were set for each indicator against the status as at 2012 and in line with the global standards. The Task Force observed that some global performance indicators can enable comparison of Kenya with other countries in areas such as governance, productivity and human welfare. However, there are other indicators in this report which had no comparative international data. For such indicators the Task Force relied on expert opinion to set the standards. In addition there are some indicators which are crosscutting in nature and collaboration amongst MDAs is necessary in setting their targets. Due to the dynamic nature of national and global economies, the status on indicators needs to be determined and updated on a regular basis. The KRA indicators and targets form a framework of an effective performance management system that delivers high quality services and builds public confidence and trust in the performance management system. The SPS forms the basis of development of performance indicators for all sectors. These standards will also enable Kenya to compare itself with other economies worldwide.

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CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1

BACKGROUND

In 2008, the Government of Kenya published Kenya Vision 2030 as its long term development blueprint for achieving global competitiveness and prosperity. Through the Vision, the Government aims to link public sector reforms and economic growth to high quality of life of Kenyans. Among the key strategies for implementation of Kenya Vision 2030 is to link result based management and performance contracting towards the implementation of its goals. The development of Sector Performance Standards (SPS) in 2009, created a basis for linking the implementation of public sector reforms to planning and budgeting. It also provided a platform of drawing up of performance indicators benchmarked to international best practices. Key Results Areas (KRAs) are identified on the basis of sector and sub-sector mandates aligned to Vision 2030. The KRAs are considered essential components for a globally competitive nation. For each KRA, indicators were designed to enable measurement of progress. The current status of the KRAs and Standards has been determined, and the targets to be achieved for immediate, medium term and long term proposed. 1.2

TERMS OF REFERENCE

1.2.1 Establishment of the task force The office of the Cabinet Secretary, Ministry of Devolution and Planning, constituted a Task Force to review Sector Performance Standards 2010, in May 2014. The Task Force comprised of experts from the private sector and the public sector who had been involved in the development of the Sector Performance Standards 2010. The task force was mandated to do the following: a) Establish the current sector Performance status in comparison with the previous standards; 1

b) Align sector standards (indicators and targets) for each sector to Medium Term Plan (MTP) II; c) Define Key Result Areas/performance measures for each sector, benchmarked to best international practices; d) Define/ project performance levels to be achieved in each sector for the country to achieve and possibly exceed the growth rates in Vision 2030; e) Hold consultative forums with stakeholders for the purpose of obtaining consensus, validation and ownership on the Sector Performance Standards. 1.3

METHODOLOGY

The assignment was undertaken in four phases, namely: i)

Review of the Sector Performance Standards 2010

ii)

Consultations with different sectors and updating current status

iii)

Stakeholder workshop to discuss the draft document

iv)

Post draft consultations and finalization of the document

1.3.1 Sectors The Task Force developed the SPS document in consultation with nine (9) Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) sectors as follows: 1. Agriculture, Rural and Urban Development Sector The sector comprises of the following subsectors: a) Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries Development b) Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development c) National Land Commission 2. General Economic and Commerce Affairs Sector The sector comprises of the following subsectors: a) Ministry of East African Affairs, Commerce and Tourism b) Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development

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3. Energy, Infrastructure, Information, Communication and Technology Sector The sector comprises of the following subsectors: a) Ministry of Energy and Petroleum b) Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure c) Ministry of Information, Communication and Technology 4. Social Protection, Culture and Recreation Sector The sector comprises of the following subsectors: a) Ministry of Sports and the Arts b) Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services 5. Education, Science and Technology Sector The sector comprises of the following subsector: a) Ministry of Education, Science and Technology 6. Health Sector The sector comprises of the following subsector: a) Ministry of Health 7. Public Administration and International Relations Sector The sector comprises of the following subsectors: a) The Presidency b) Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Relations c) Ministry of Devolution and Planning d) The National Treasury e) Vision 2030 Delivery Secretariat f) Public Service Commission of Kenya

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8. Governance, Justice, Law and Order Sector The sector comprises of the following sub-sectors: a) Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government b) Office of the Attorney General and Department of Justice 9. Environment, Water and Sanitation Sector The sector comprises of the following subsectors: a) Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources b) Ministry Mining

1.3.2 Development of Draft Sector Standards Development of Sector Performance Standards entailed identification of Key Result Areas, performance indicators and standards. The process involved; i)

Detailed review of various documents including: 

The Kenya Vision 2030,



Second Medium Term Plan (MTPII) of Vision 2030,



Sector MTEF Reports,



MDAs’ Strategic Plans,



Global reports, and



Other relevant policy documents.

ii)

Identification of international best practices from literature review,

iii)

Consultative meetings with key stakeholders;

iv)

Use of expert opinion especially where data was not available.

In the selection of the best performance indicators, the task force was guided by the characteristics of good indicators which include; Specific- Focused and clear Measurable – Quantifiable and reflecting change 4

Attainable- reasonable in scope and achievable within the set time frame Relevant- pertinent to the review of performance Timely – time bound/ trackable. Progress can be charted chronologically. Programmatically important – Linked to sector impact or achievement of objectives that needed impact i) Determination of Current Status The Task Force obtained information through consultation with technical staff from different MDAs, and review of relevant literature. ii) Emerging Issues Emerging issues such as climate change and productivity improvement in the public sector were considered and incorporated in the relevant sectors. iii) Stakeholder Validation workshop A stakeholders’ validation workshop was held on 17th December, 2014 with the sector representatives for Ministries to discuss the draft, receive feedback and initiate the process of ownership of the SPS document. During the workshop, participants made comments on key result areas, performance indicators, current status, and targets which have been incorporated. iv). Challenges The following challenges were encountered: 

Insufficient data on the current status of some indicators



Inadequate stakeholder understanding of the difference between outputs and outcomes.

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CHAPTER TWO AGRICULTURE, RURAL AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT 2.1

Introduction

The Agriculture, Rural and Urban Development (ARUD) Sector comprises of three subsectors namely: Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries; Land, Housing and Urban Development; and the National Land Commission. The Research and Development institutions in the sector are; Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) and Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI). The sector comprises of key sub-sectors that are considered key drivers for Kenya’s economic growth and critical for attainment of the 10 percent economic growth rate envisaged under the Kenya Vision 2030. It directly contributes to the national economy through enhancing food security, income generation, employment and wealth creation. The Agricultural sector directly contributes 25.3 percent of the GDP. The sector also contributes approximately 27 percent to GDP through linkages with manufacturing, distribution and other service related sectors. It further accounts for about 65 percent of Kenya’s total exports, 18 percent and 60 percent of the formal and total employment respectively (Economic Survey 2014). Land as a factor of production is critical to economic, social, political and cultural development. Secure access to land, sustainable land use planning and equitable distribution of land remain immensely important for food security, employment creation and generally the socio-economic development of the country. Housing is a basic human need and Article 43 1(b) of the Constitution of Kenya 2010 emphasizes the right of every person to accessible and adequate housing, and to reasonable standards of sanitation. Housing is a means of promoting and mobilizing savings, expanding employment opportunities and economic activities which have multiplier effects in the economy. Urban areas and cities are an important component of the country’s social economic development. Urbanization has been growing at a very high rate. The 2009 census shows that 34% of the population of Kenya lived in urban areas and city. This growth is projected in the Kenya Vision 2030 to reach 60% of the population of Kenya by the year 2030. Public works facilitates development, maintenance and rehabilitation of Government Buildings and Other Public Works infrastructure in the country. This includes construction and maintenance of coastline infrastructure i.e. jetties and seawalls to improve water transport through provision of landing infrastructure and protecting land and property in low lying areas from erosion and flooding and sea wave action respectively. 6

Research and Development institutions in the sector play a critical role in strategic research of national importance. They undertake research and disseminate technologies, information and knowledge aimed at increasing productivity and competitiveness in the sector. The sector also has a number of Semi Autonomous Government Agencies (SAGAs) that contribute to national development through carrying out regulatory, commercial, service and training functions. A notable change in the sector is the operationalization of AFFA and KALRO Acts 2013. KALRO resulted in consolidation of four research institutions namely; i. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI); ii. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF); iii. Tea Research Foundation (TRF), and iv. Coffee Research Foundation (CRF). The Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority (AFFA) has a composition of the following SAGAs; i. Coconut Development Authority (CoDA); ii. Horticulture Crops Development Authority (HCDA); iii. Cotton Development Authority (CDA); iv. Coffee Board of Kenya (CBK); v. Tea Board of Kenya (TBK); vi. Kenya Sugar Board (KSB); vii. Pyrethrum Board of Kenya (PBK), and viii. Sisal Board of Kenya (SBK). 2.2

Vision and Mission

Vision A food secure nation with sustainable land management, modern urban infrastructure, and affordable and quality housing Mission To facilitate attainment of food security, affordable housing, modern urban infrastructure and sustainable land management for socio economic development

2.3

Strategic goal/objectives of the sector

Strategic Goal The Strategic goal for the sector is to attain food security, sustainable land management and development of affordable housing and urban infrastructure. 7

Strategic Objectives The strategic objectives of the sector are to:i. Create an Enabling environment for Agricultural development. ii. Increase Productivity and Outputs in agricultural sector. iii. Improve market access and trade. iv. Ensure national food security v. Strengthen Institutional capacity. vi. Ensure efficient and effective administration and sustainable management of land resource vii. Facilitate the production of decent and affordable housing and enhanced estates management services and tenancy relations. viii. Develop and maintain cost effective public buildings and other public works. ix. Protect land and property from sea wave action, flooding and erosion and enhance accessibility between human settlements in and out of waters. x. Improve infrastructure development, connectivity and accessibility, safety and security within urban areas and Metropolitan Regions. xi. Provide efficient and effective support services for sustainable land, housing and urban development. xii. Facilitate access and use of land for socio-economic and environmental sustainability. xiii. Enhance secure storage, access and retrieval of land and land resource data and information. xiv. Facilitate an equitable and secure access to land and land based resources. xv. Promote optimal use of land for the benefit of the society. xvi. Develop capacity to enhance efficiency and transparency in service delivery.

2.5Key Result Areas i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii.

Food Security Enhance Income/wealth Value addition Sustainability of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries as an enterprise Food Safety Eradication of livestock diseases Enhanced Technology Development Increased Land access and security of tenure Ease of doing business Improved access to affordable and decent housing Safety and Security of people and property Income and wealth creation Sustainability of the fisheries sector 8

xiv. xv.

Urban development and improved environmental sustainability Development and maintenance of coastline infrastructure

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Sector Performance Targets SECTOR: AGRICULTURE, RURAL AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Sub-sector Key Result Performance Status Areas Indicators 2012 2.1 Million1 Agriculture Food Security % reduction in the

Performance Targets 2015 2017

2030

5

5

702

1:10003

1:950

1:905

1:4004

1.7 tons

5

5

41

1660

2087

2169

33905

%Increase in production of non-staple food crops (rice and wheat)

570,000 tons

5

5

% increase in yield per hectare (wheat)

3.6 Mt per hectare

5

5

number of food in secure households (those receiving famine relief) Increase in the ratio of extension officers per household %Increase in staple food output per hectare/per farmer/TFP Increase in cereal yield (kg per hectare)

1

8,140,000 wheat and 1,032,450 metric tons for rice6 7.1 metric tons per hectare

FEWS NET, Republic of Kenya and World Food Program (2012) says that the population in need of humanitarian assistance declined from 2.2 million in February 2012 to 2.1 million in September 2012. A decrease of 30% would leave only 630,000 households in need of famine relief. 2 This is equivalent to 630,000. We may not completely eradicate this due to influx of refugees, drought, floods and other natural disasters. 3Sanga, G. Kalungwizi, V. J. and Msuya, C. P. (2013) “Building an agricultural extension services system supported by ICTs in Tanzania: Progress made, Challenges remain” International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2013, Vol. 9, Issue 1, pp. 80-99. 4Internationally recommended ratio 5Benchmarked against Mauritius cereal yield per hectare in 2013, according to world development indicators (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.YLD.CREL.KG/countries). Kenya (1660), Malawi (2087), Rwanda (2169), South Africa (3650), Mauritius (3390) 6This is benchmarked against Egypt in 2007 for wheat in metric tons and Pakistan in 2009 at 1032450 metric tons for rice.

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SECTOR: AGRICULTURE, RURAL AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Sub-sector Key Result Performance Status Areas Indicators 2012

Performance Targets 2015 2017

2030

5

5

3.587

10M

30m8

% increase in yield per hectare (rice) % increase in number of bags in strategic food reserves

4.625 Mt per hectare 3.0 M

Increase in canned beef in strategic food reserves (MT) Increase in powdered milk in the strategic food reserves % increase in Metric tons of cereal production Number of months of national food consumption covered by strategic food reserves

N/A

2000

3000

9500

N/A

4000

6000

19000

4,099,902 tons 1

5

10

1009

2

6

24

810

Food price inflation

7Benchmarked

6M

7

6

6.1

0.86

0.92

0.97

1.06

7.52 (71.85)

7.59 (74.92)

7.87 (80.71)

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122Provisional

figures; Kenya National Bureau of Statistics: Kenya Population Census, 2009. Benchmarked against China 4.1 and India 4.9 indicator of 7 reflects the situation where it is the individual company that determine the workers’ pay (good environment for promoting competitiveness) and 1 is where pay is determined by a centralized bargaining process with Kenya at 5, Uganda 6.1, Singapore 6.0, Uruguay 2.3 and South Africa 3.0 (Source: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey – 2011, 2012) 124Best practice is 7 where the country is able to retain its talented people (1 denoting a situation where the best and brightest people opt to leave to pursue opportunities in other countries) with Kenya at 3.7, South Africa 3.5, Burundi 1.8, Switzerland 6.3 and Japan 5.7 (Source: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey – 2011, 2012) 125 WEF; 1= best & brightest leave to pursue opportunities in other countries, 7= best & brightest stay and pursue opportunities within the country. Kenya 3.9, Brazil 4.1, Rwanda 4.3 and Qatar 6.0 126 WEF; 1= Not at all, 7= attracts best and brightest from around the world. Kenya 3.8, Liberia 4.1, Rwanda 4.6 and Switzerland 6.1 127 WEF; Ratio of women to men in labour force – Kenya 0.86, Liberia 0.92, Sierra Leone 0.97 and Malawi 1.06 128GTCR – Labour market flexibility – looks at how country allows market forces to determine wages and establish the conditions of hiring and firing, 123An

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SECTOR: SOCIAL PROTECTION,CULTUREAND RECREATION SUBKEY RESULT PERFORMANCE CURRENT INDICATORS STATUS SECTOR AREAS 2012

Labour Relations & Productivity

% of Female Labour Employed in NonAgricultural Sector as Percent of Total Youth Employment as % of Youth Population130 (Score) Reliance on Professional Management131 (Score) Improvement of Labour/Employer Relations % Increase of Reported Industrial Disputes Resolved

TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

34.5129

36

40

50

32.8

34.1

41.5

74.4

4.28 (56.64)

4.58 (59.65)

5.16 (69.31)

6.3 (100)

4.1132

4.8

5.4

6

87133

89

92

100

and refrain from the use of conscription - 0 for worst 9.06 (100%) for best. 129Source: Economic Survey 2014; Computations 130 GTCR – Kenya 32.8 (33.76), Singapore 34.1 (35.35, Botswana 41.5 (47.61) and Tanzania 74.4 (100 best) 131WEF – Reliance on professional management - Opinion Survey (EOS) is conducted on an annual basis to gather information from business leaders on topics for which hard data sources are scarce or non-existent. Kenya – 4.28, China – 4.55, India – 4.58, Brazil – 4.89, Botswana – 5.16, South Africa – 5.6, New Zealand – 6.3 132Labor-employer relations in a country are generally confrontational if they are at 1 and generally cooperative if at 7 with Kenya at 4.1, Switzerland 6.1, Malaysia 5.4, Spain 3.9 and South Africa 3.3 (Source: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey – 2011, 2012 ) 133Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Department of Labour – Labour Complaints Register (LD 64)

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TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

Reduction in time taken to settle reported disputes

3 months134

2.5 months

2 months

14 days

Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes135 Cooperation in labouremployer136 relations Flexibility of wage determination137 Hiring and firing practices138 Redundancy costs139 Reduction in days taken for attestation of foreign contracts Labour productivity per employee141

3.9

4.1

4.8

6.1

4.2

4.5

5.1

6.0

5.1

5.3

5.6

>6.2

4.7

4.8

5.0

>5.8

15.8 30140

15.3 15

9.3 10

0 2

3,956

4,016

26,167

153,432

134Source:

Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Department of Labour – Labour Complaints Register (LD 64) WEF; 1= Extremely inefficient, 7= extremely efficient. Kenya 3.9, Ghana 4.1, Zambia 4.4, Botswana 4.8 and Singapore 6.1. 136 WEF; 1= Generally confrontational, 7= Perfectly cooperative. Kenya 4.2, Senegal 4.5, Rwanda 4.9, The Gambia, 5.1 and Switzerland 6.0. 137 WEF; 1= by centralized bargaining process, 7= by individual company/organization. Kenya 5.1, Morocco 5.3, The Gambia 5.6 and Uganda 6.2. 138 WEF; 1= Heavily impeded by regulations, 7=extremely flexible. Kenya 4.7, Nigeria 4.8, Uganda 5.0, Hong Kong SAR 5.8. 139ACR; Kenya 15.8, Cameroon 15.3, Swaziland 14.6, Rwanda 13, Mauritius10.6, South Africa 9.3 and Denmark 0.0. 140Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Department of Labour – Attestation of Foreign Contracts (LD 21form) 141 WEF- Kenya 3956, Senegal 4016, S.Africa 26167, Trinidad & Tobago, Singapore 103399, Qatar 153432 135

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TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

Effect of taxation on incentive to work142 Relationship of pay to productivity143 (Score) % Improvement of Labour Productivity Index

3.5

3.7

4.3

>6.4

4.04

4.2

4.69

5.38

2.1144

2.3

2.9

5

% Improvement of Productivity practice and awareness

5145

12

20

>50

59.9%146 (3906:6512)

60

62

70

Workplace Safety%& Increase of reported cases of occupational And Health accidents and Ill-Health Improvement acted upon

142

ACR, WEF; Extent taxes reduce work. 1= significantly reduce incentives, 7= do not reduce incentives to work. Kenya 3.5, Swaziland 3.7, Gabon 4.3 and Qatar 6.4 143 GTCR – Extent of pay in relation to productivity (1 = not related and 7= strongly related) - Kenya 4.04 (50.72), Morocco 4.2 (53.31), China 4.69 (61.57), Singapore 5.38 (73.01). 144Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Productivity Centre of Kenya(Kenya Productivity Statistic Report 2012)- Computation based on KNBS figures 145Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Productivity Centre of Kenya - % Level of productivity practice and awareness across countries; Kenya 5% across the country, Japan 70%, Malaysia 50%, Botswana 20%, USA 80% (National Productivity Awareness Reports 2012) 146 1 international OSH performance indicators: ILO uses loss time injury and accident rates. These require Baseline surveys and an effective electronic data base system. Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Directorate of Occupational Safety and Health services- DOSH 1 Form

59


Improve livelihoods of vulnerable population

TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

17,000

25,000

100,000

26

37

Increase in number of people trained in occupational safety and health

10,731 (54.6%)

Proportion of Orphans and Vulnerable Children accessing Cash Transfer

19.1147

% increase in number of children accessing care and protection services (in Statutory Children’s Institutions)

33148 (8,450)

43 (10,953)

60 (14,673)

Number of rescue centres for children in need of care and protection

4149

5

7

147Self-help

100

100 (25,300)

47

groups, 10,644 women groups accessed development fund (Source: Women Enterprise Fund Annual Report 2012) 489 groups of Persons With Disability (Source: National Council for Persons With Disability annual Report 2012) 148Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Department of Children Services, Annual Reports file 149Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Department of Children Services, Voluntary Children Officers file

60

SECTOR: SOCIAL PROTECTION,CULTUREAND RECREATION SUBKEY RESULT PERFORMANCE CURRENT INDICATORS STATUS SECTOR AREAS 2012 Proportion of elderly people under the Cash Transfer Programme Proportion of Persons With Severe Disability (PWD) under Cash Transfer Programme % increase in number of Persons With Disabilities with gainful employment Proportion of Persons With Disabilities accessing disability fund

10.9150

7.4151

29.56152 (217,000) 3.4153

150According

TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

60

85

100

13.5

38.5

100

40 (292,025)

50 (367,050)

80 (587,280)

3.8

4.5

6.2

to 2009 population census there were 1,332,273 older persons aged 65 years and above. Out of these 540,000 translating to 40.6% require social security to cope with basic human needs. In 2012 the programme covered 59,000 beneficiaries accounting for 10.9% of the vulnerable older people. Source: MoLSS&S and KNBS; Kenya Population Census, 2009 151Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; Cash Transfer Programme database. There are approximately 200,000 persons with severe disability in the country out of the existing 1.3 million PWDs 152The total number of Persons With Disabilities in Kenya aged between 15-64 is 734,000. 217,000 of these are engaged in gainful employment translating to 29.56% compared with 38.1% in the USA, 83.9% in China and 66% in Japan (Source: Report from Council on Developmental Disability, US 2011, Rights to Work? A Comparative Look at China and Japan’s Labour Rights for Disabled Persons) 153Source: Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Services; National Council for Persons With Disabilities

61

SECTOR: SOCIAL PROTECTION,CULTUREAND RECREATION SUBKEY RESULT PERFORMANCE CURRENT INDICATORS STATUS SECTOR AREAS 2012 Social safety net as a N/A Social 154 percentage of GDP protection Social Security

TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

0.8

1.5

4.0

13.51%

14.06%

16%

36%

15.1%

18.7%

50%

100%

Increase in number of sports stadia capacity per Million population % increase in uptake National Sports Fund

6710

8000

15000

35,000

N/A

15%

20%

100%

% increase in youths accessing sports funds % increase in youths sponsored for national and international sports events

N/A

15%

20%

70%

N/A

20%

30%

90%

Proportion of total assets of social security pension schemes to GDP155 Proportion of eligible membership coverage 156

Sports, Culture and the Arts

Promotion of sports

154

Benchmarked against Brazil 2.49, Kenya 0.8, Eriteria 2.5, Gambia 1.0, Lesotho 4.6 Mauritius 4.4 Source “The state of social safety nets 2014” a world bank publication 155Source National Social Security Fund Annual Report (2012) Total asset value of social security pension schemes in the country was KShs. 548 billion in 2012; in year 2014, it was KShs. 633.5 billion which was contribution of 16 registered fund managers 156Source: Economic Survey: Active members in 2012 were 1.9 million out of 12.6 million eligible members which is(2.1 million in the formal sector and 10.5 million in the informal sector) and in 2014, active membership was 2.5 million out of 13.4 million eligible members (2.2 million from the formal sector and 11.2 million in the informal sector).Indonesia – 15%;

62

SECTOR: SOCIAL PROTECTION,CULTUREAND RECREATION SUBKEY RESULT PERFORMANCE CURRENT INDICATORS STATUS SECTOR AREAS 2012 % Increase in number of 40% increase Promote research papers, media (about 700 by national articles and books on 2012 heritage and heritage and culture cumulatively157 culture

Enhanced national pride and harmony National pride

157Source

TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

85%

88%

90%

Increase in number of World Heritage Sites158

6

8

10

10

Increase in number of Cultural Exchange Programmes Increase in number of Audio Visual Records of music and dance heritage

30159

35

40

100

200160

400

600

1,000

450161

700

900

1,000

:NMK PC Report (2011-2012)

158UNESCO

website and NMK Annual Report (2011-2012): These include Mount Kenya National Park and Natural forest, Fort Jesus, Old town Lamu, Kenya Lake system in the Great Rift Valley, the Sacred Mijikenda Kaya Forest and The Turkana National Park. Ethiopia 8, Egypt 7, Mali 10. Source : WEF report on ‘The travel and Tourism competitive report 2013’ 159Source: 160Source 161

Ministry of National Heritage and Culture

: Permanent Presidential Music Commission catalogues/data bank

Source : Permanent Presidential Music Commission catalogues/data bank

63


TARGET 2015

TARGET 2017

TARGET 2030

68

75

96

Increase number of youths trained on music and dance

Effective and accessible public library services

162

Increase in number of National Libraries established

57162

Source : KNLS

64

CHAPTER 6 EDUCATION SECTOR 6.1

Introduction

The Education Sector comprises the Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MOEST), the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) and their affiliated Institutions. The sector envisions “a globally competitive education, training, research and innovation system for sustainable development”. To realize this, the Sector undertakes “to provide, promote and coordinate quality education and training; integration of Science, Technology and Innovation in sustainable socio- economic development processes.” The sector’s overall goal is to increase access to education and training; improve quality and relevance of education, reduce inequality as well as exploit knowledge and skills in science, technology and innovation for global competitiveness. The sector undertook policy, legal and regulatory reforms aimed at aligning the sector to the Constitution of Kenya 2010 and Vision 2030 as well as international commitments like the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These reforms have necessitated increased investment in order to expand access and equity in education; improve quality, transition and relevance; and integrate science and technology in the production sectors of the economy as well as addressing Human Capital needs of the nation.

6.2

Vision and Mission

Vision A globally competitive education, training, research and innovation system for sustainable development Mission To provide, promote and coordinate the delivery of quality education, training and research and enhance integration of Science, Technology and Innovation into national production systems for sustainable development. 6.3

Strategic Goals and Objectives of the Sector

The overall sector goal is to increase access to education, raise the quality and relevance of education, and ensure equity as well as to exploit knowledge in science, technology and innovation for global competitiveness. The Sector goal also includes provision of adequate teaching services and improvement of performance and professional conduct 65

of teachers for increased learning outcomes in public educational institutions. The following are the strategic goals and objectives of the sector. i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi. xvii.

Curriculum review and reform Access, equity, and quality and governance in the education and training sector Revitalizing of Technical Vocational Education and Training. Harnessing Science, Technology and Innovation Developing a Highly Skilled Human Resource Base Intensification of Innovation in Priority Sectors Enhancing Science, Technology and Innovation Awareness Strengthening the ST&I Performance Management Framework Enhanced ST&I infrastructure Increased funding for Research and Development Developed Human Resource Capacity in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Increased innovations To provide access to quality education and training at all levels To establish, maintain and manage professional teaching service for all public primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. To formulate, review and implement appropriate policies, legal and institutional frameworks for the Sector To create new knowledge and technologies To promote and coordinate the development of Science and Technology

6.3.1 Strategic Objectives of Education Sector The following are the broad strategic objectives under the sector: i. To enhance access, equity and quality of education and training at all levels ii. To promote and integrate Open and Distance Learning (ODL) and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Curriculum delivery and at all levels of education and training iii. To strengthen linkages between higher education and training institutions with communities and industry iv. To promote and integrate research, science, technology and innovation at all levels v. To provide sufficient teaching service for all public institutions and achieve equitable and optimal utilization of teachers in the country 66

vi.

To undertake quality assurance and review standards of education and training for the teaching service To improve the management capacities of education managers and other personnel involved in education and training at all levels. To coordinate quality assurance and review standards of education and training at all levels. To provide and maintain a sufficient teaching force in public primary and secondary and tertiary institutions To enhance quality teaching, professionalism and integrity in all public educational institutions

vii. viii. ix. x.

6.4 i. ii. 6.5 i. 6.6 i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi.

Sub Sectors State Department of Education State Department of Science and Technology Commission The Teachers Service Commission Sagas in the Sector Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) Kenya National Examination Council (KNEC) Kenya Education Management Institute (KEMI) Institute for Capacity Development of Teachers in Africa Kenya Institute of Special Education (KISE) Jomo Kenyatta Foundation (JKF) Kenya Literature Bureau (KLB) Kenya Institute of Special Education (KISE) KNATCOM for UNESCO Commission for University Education (CUE) Higher Education Loans Board (HELB) National Commission for Science Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) Technical & Vocational Education Training Authority (TVETA) Kenya Universities &Colleges Central Placement Service (KUCCPS) National Research Fund (NRF) Universities and Tertiary Institutions

67

6.7

Key result areas

i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii.

Access to education Quality of education Equity- Access to Education by Regions &Gender A culture of scientific innovation Vibrant Technical Industrial Vocational Entrepreneurship Training (TIVET) Global competitiveness of Higher Education Higher Education Enhanced Technology Development (Capacity for Innovation)

68

Sector Performance Targets SECTOR: EDUCATION SUBSECTOR

KEY RESULT AREAS

Education

Access to Education

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

STATUS 2012

Performance Targets

Improved rating on education index163 % Increase of NER in ECDE164 Increase in proportion of Expenditure on Education as a % of government expenditure165 Public spending on education, total (% of GDP)166 Expenditure per a primary school pupil (% of GDP per capita)167

.690

.731

.811

>.850

53.5

55

60

>80.0

17.2

18.3

19.2

20

6.7

7.3

8.1

12.8

N/A

11.4

17.8

20.2

2015

2017

2030

163Malaysia.851,Gabon.843,South

Africa.843,Mauritius.839,Jamaica.834,Swaziland.731,Namibia.811,Kenya.690(Source:UNDP’s Human Development Report, 2013) at 82% (male-82%,female 81%);South Africa 51% (male 50%,female 51%);Kenya 48% (male 49%,female47%);Malaysia 47% (male 48% ,female 46%);Indonesia 44% (male 43%,female 45%); Mexico 114% (male 114%,female 114%); Philippines 46%(male 46%,female 47%); Chile 56% (male 55%,female 57%) ; Mauritius99% (male 98%, female 100%); Ghana 60% (male 59%,female 62%) (Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2014) 164Ireland

165

Indonesia at 15.2%;Greece at 7.0%; Finland at 12.3%; Tunisia at 21.5%; Singapore at 22.7%; Philippines at 15.0%; Malaysia at 21.3%; Mauritius at 13.7%; South Africa at 19.2%;Ireland a t13.3%, Cuba18.3%, Australia 13.5%,USA13.1%(Source: UNESCO EFA Global Monitoring Report ,2013/4) 166 Indonesia at 3.6%; Ghana a t8.1%; Finland a t6.8%; Tunisia at 6.2%; Singapore a t3.0%; Malaysia at 5.9%; Mauritius a t3.5%; South Africa at 6.6%;Ireland at 6.2%, Cuba 12.8%, Australia 5.1%,USA5.4%; Cyprus 7.3%(Source: World Bank – World Development Indicators,2013) 167 Indonesia at 11.9%;Ghana at 11.4%; Finland at 21.1%; Singapore at 11.2%; Malaysia at 17.1% ;Mauritius at 10.5%; South Africa at 17.8%;Ireland at

69

SECTOR: EDUCATION SUBSECTOR

KEY RESULT AREAS


STATUS 2012

Performance Targets 2015

2017

2030

Expenditure per secondary168 school student (% of GDP per capita)

N/A

17.0

20.1

26.1

Expenditure per Tertiary Institution student, (% of GDP per capita)169

N/A

20.0

24.2

38.3

% increase of NER in primary schools170 % increase of NER in Secondary schools171 % increase in the Transition Rate from Primary to Secondary172

95.5

97.7

98.4

99.0

39.5

45.8

46.4

>50.0

77.4

78.0

79.2

>80.0

19.7%, Cuba 49.3%, Australia 20.2%,USA 22.1%; Cyprus 34.1% (Source: World Bank – World Development Indicators,2013) 168 Indonesia at 10.7%;Ghana at 26.1%;Finland at 36.2%; Singapore at 17.0%; Malaysia at 19.9% ;Mauritius at 19.0%; South Africa at 20.1%; Ireland at 28.9%, Cuba52.1%, Australia 18.0%,USA24.3%; Cyprus 40.7% (Source: World Bank – World Development Indicators,2013) 169

Indonesia at 24.2%;Finland at 37.8%; Singapore at 23.4%; Malaysia at 60.9%; Mauritius at 8.8; Ireland at 31.2%, Cuba 63.0%, Australia 20.0%,USA20.9%; Cyprus 38.3%(Source: World Bank – World Development Indicators,2013) 170 Mauritius 97.4%; Rwanda 98.4% (Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2014) 171Seychelles 95.2%; Guatemala 46.4%; Bangladesh 45.8%; Lao PDR 38.7%; Timor-Leste 37.7%; Swaziland 34.9%(Source: UNESCO Institutefor Statistics,2014) 172World average 88.0%; M a u r i t i u s 7 8 . 0 % ; T o g o 7 9 . 2 % ; Developing Countries 86.3%; Lower income Countries 79.8%; Togo 79.2%; Finland99.9%; Africa average 76%; Eritrea 98.2%; Botswana 96.4%; Malaysia 99%; Malawi 86.2%; Algeria 97.1% (Source: UNESCO Institutefor Statistics, 2014)

70


KEY RESULT AREAS

Quality of Education

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS % increase in Transition Rate from Secondary to University Improvement in Adult Literacy Rate (% in ages 15 & older)173 Improvement of Quality rating in primary education174 % Improvement in Secondary Survival Rate175 Improvement of Pupil per Teacher Ratio (PTR) in primary schools176

STATUS 2012 8.3

173Cuba’s


2017

2030

15.3

19.9

50.0

87.4

88.7

89.6

>80

3.6

4.2

4.6

>6

90

93.3

97.5

100

47:1

33.9:1

31.7:1

25:1

adult literacy rate at 99.8%,Georgia 99.7%, Myanmar 92.3%, Lesotho 89.6%, South Africa 88.7%, Kenya 87.4%, Uganda 73.2%. (Source:UNDP’sHumanDevelopmentReport,2013) 174 A rating of 7 (best in the world) denotes excellent and 1 poor. Kenya’s score 3.6, Rwanda 3.9, Botswana 4.2, Gambia 4.6, Malaysia 4.9,Singapore 6.1, Finland 6.8 (World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013) 175 Iceland 99.5%, Seychelles 98.0%, Mauritius 97.5%, Zambia 97.3%, Botswana 96.9%, Gambia 93.3%, Kenya 89.6%. (Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2014) 176Finland at 13.6;Ghana at 31.7; Malaysia at 12.5;Mauritius at 20.9;Ireland at 16.1;China at 18.2; Global average at 20.6; Africa 27.0; Sub-Saharan Africa 27.9; Djibouti 34.2; Eritrea 40.9; Gambia 33.9.(Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics,2014).

71


KEY RESULT AREAS

Equity- Access to Education by Regions &Gender


STATUS 2012

Improvement of Student per Teacher Ratio (PTR) in secondary schools177 Improvement of Quality of education (rating) in meeting needs of a competitive economy178 % Improvement in Primary school Completion Rate (PCR)179

29.7:1

21.4:1

17.8:1

15:1

4.3

4.6

5.1

>5.5

80.5

86.7

93.6

100

% Increase of NER in Northern Kenya Improvement of Gender Parity Literacy (Female literacy rate/male literacy rate)

40.3

50

60

100.0

0.98

1

1

1

177


2017

2030

Burundi 19.7; Burkina Faso 26.3; China 14.5; Finland 12.8; Cuba 8.4; Cameroon 21.4; Kenya 29.7; (Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2014) rating of 7 denotes’ very well’and1’not well at all ’with Kenya’s score a t4.3, India 4.4, UK4.7, USA4.7, Gambia 4.6, Malaysia5.1, Ireland 5.3, Singapore5.8, Switzerland 6.0, Finland 5.8. (Source: World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014) 179Ghana at 98.9%; Indonesia 97.2%; Morocco 93.6%; Guyana 86.7%; Mauritius 83.8%; Namibia 81.3% .(Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2014) 178A

72


KEY RESULT AREAS


STATUS 2012

Improvement of Gender Parity Index (Female NER/Male NER) in primary school Improvement of Gender Parity Index (Female NER/Male NER) in secondary school % Increase of male NER in primary schools % Increase of female NER in primary schools % Increase of male NER in secondary schools % Increase of female NER in secondary schools % Increase of Male Secondary Survival Rate % Increase of Female Secondary Survival Rate

1.01


2017

1

2030

1

1

1.01

1

1

95

97

100

100

95.7

97

100

100

39.6

55

85

100

39.8

45

60

>75

50

95.8

98.6

99

N/A

93.8

97.9

99

73

1


KEY RESULT AREAS

Higher Education, Science and Technology

Increase in number A culture of Scientific Innovation of Science parks180


STATUS 2012


2017

2030

3181

3

4

5

0.56

Increase in research fund as a % of GDP182

0.98

1.5

2

Increase in availability of Scientists and Engineers index183

4.1

4.8

5.5

5.9

% Increase in number of patents filed per million population184 % Increase in number of institutional researchers

0.1

0.6

6.2

>50

20

40

70

7,000

180Science

Parks: Malaysia 3,South Korea11;Source International Association of Science Parks (IASP), Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology is registered with IASP as an affiliate member 181MMUST, UoN, KU (incubation centre) 182 %of GDP for Research & Development: Korea 4.0%; Israel 3.9%; Finland 3.6%; Austria 2.84%; Brazil 1.21%; Malaysia 1.1%; South Africa 0.76%; Kenya 0.98% (Source: World Bank Development Indicators, 2014) 183Availability of Scientists and Engineers (1 = not at all; 7 = widely available): Finland 6.3; Puerto Rico 5.6; Singapore 5.0; Malaysia 4.9; Tunisia 4.8; Morocco 4.5; Cameroon 4.4; Kenya 4.3. (Source: World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014) 184Sweden 302.7; Korea 183.4; Singapore 124.4; South Africa 6.2; Malaysia 12.1; Morocco 0.6; Kenya 0.1. (Source: World Economic Forum -Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014)

74


KEY RESULT AREAS

Vibrant Technical Industrial Vocational Entrepreneurship Training (TIVET) Global competitiveness of Higher Education


STATUS 2012

% Increase in number of scientific publications per million population185 Increase in enrolment of students for TIVET per year

7.25186

% Increase in number of Accredited Universities Improvement in the Web metrics ranking of World Universities


2017

17%

2030

30%

70%

76,000

86,000

93,000

137,000

22

35

44

100

1,435

Top1,000

Top 800

Top500

185US

had 900 scientific publications per Million Population (2000)–CORDIS, South Africa 72 and Kenya 17 scientific articles per million inhabitants(1998),UNESCO Science Report 2005 186http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IP.JRN.ARTC.SC

75


KEY RESULT AREAS

Enhanced Research and Technology Development Development (Capacity for Innovation)

STATUS 2012


2017

2030

% Increase in number of university students accessing Government loans187

49%

50%

60%

100%

Increase in the successful linkages between Universities, and Industry Index188 Increase in Quality of Research institutions Index189 Increase in company spending on R&D Index190

4.3

4.5

5.0

7.0

4.0

4.5

4.9

6.0

4.0

4.6

5.0

6.0


187

Higher Education Loans Board Strategic Plan 2012-2018 (the figure include students in TVET). a measure of the extent to which businesses and universities collaborate on research and development(1=do not collaborate at all; 7=collaborateextensively)Index:Switzerland5.8,Singapore5.6,Malaysia5.0,SouthAfrica 4.5,Kenya 4.3. (Source: World Economic Forum -Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014) 189 Index assesses the quality of scientific research institutions;(1 = extremely poor - among the worst in the world; 7 = extremely good - among the best in the world): Israel 6.4; Singapore 5.6; Austria 5.0; Malaysia 4.9; South Africa 4.8; India 4.5; Kenya 4.0. (Source: World Economic Forum -Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014) 190 Index assesses extent to which companies spend on research and development (R&D)? [1 = do not spend on R&D; 7 = spend heavily on R&D]: Switzerland 6.0; Singapore 5.0; Malaysia 4.6; Kenya 4.0. (Source: World Economic Forum -Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014) 188Index

76


KEY RESULT AREAS

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Increase in the Capacity for Innovation Index191

STATUS 2012


2017

2030

4.1

4.4

4.9

6.0

191

Index assesses extent to which companies have the capacity to innovate. (1 = not at all; 7 = to a great extent): Switzerland 5.8; Malaysia 4.9; Indonesia 4.4; South Africa 4.1; Kenya 4.1. (Source: World Economic Forum -Global Competitiveness Report 2013-2014)

77

CHAPTER 7 HEALTH SECTOR 7.1

Introduction

The Overall goal of the health sector is to provide equitable, affordable and quality healthcare to all citizens. The Constitution, through the chapter on Bill of Rights, puts a heavy responsibility on the health sector to ensure that the right to health is realized. The provisions of this Bill, especially the right to life and the right to the highest attainable standard of health, including reproductive health and emergency treatment, have also raised the expectations of the citizens regarding healthcare. Health sector is one of the key areas in the Social Pillar that aims at building a just and cohesive society that enjoys equitable social development in a clean and secure environment. A healthy nation is critical for economic development, and poverty reduction. In this regard, a sector-specific plan is essential in spelling out the specific issues that the sector will address and which priority programmes will be implemented with focused attention. The Constitution of Kenya devolved the responsibility of delivering essential health services to the Counties while at the National level Ministry of Health will provide policy support and technical guidance. With changes in roles and responsibilities, it is envisaged that health service delivery will improve. 7.2

Vision and Mission

Vision A healthy and globally competitive nation

Mission To deliberately build progressive, responsive and sustainable technologically-driven, evidence-based and client-centered health system for accelerated attainment of the highest standard of health to all Kenyans

78

7.3

Strategic Objectives

The Sessional Paper No.6 of Kenya Health Policy (2014 – 2030) has six policy objectives and eight strategic measures, which provide a framework for the attainment of the highest standard of health in a manner responsive to the needs of the Kenya population envisioned in Vision 2030’s goal for the health sector. The six policy objectives are: i. Eliminate communicable conditions; ii.

Halt and reverse the burden of non-communicable conditions;

iii.

Reduce the burden of violence and injuries;

iv.

Provide essential healthcare;

v.

Minimize exposure to health risk factors; and

vi.

Strengthen collaboration with private and other health related sector providers.

7.4

Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies (SAGAs)

There are eight Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies (SAGAs) under the Ministry of Health which complement it in discharging its core functions through specialized health service delivery; medical research and training; procurement and distribution of drugs; and financing through health insurance. These SAGAs are: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii.

The Kenyatta National Hospital; Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital; Kenya Medical Training College; Kenya Medical Supplies Agency, Kenya Medical Research Institute, National Hospital Insurance Fund; and National AIDS Control Council

7.5

Key Result Areas i. ii.

Promotive and preventive health care Access to Quality and Affordable Health care

79

Sector Performance Targets SECTOR : HEALTH SUBSECTOR Health

KEY RESULT AREAS Promotive and Preventive health care services


STATUS 2012


20

2030

Infant Mortality per 1000Live-births192

52193

Under five Mortality per 1000 live births194

74195

50

35

16

488197

300

140

29

Maternal Mortality per 100,000 Live-births196

35

2017

8

Prevalence of undernourished population198

26

23

20

32

4.4 61276 Companies

275

Measure how easy is it to raise money by issuing shares on the stock market. Hong Kong ranks 1st with 5.7, South Africa is 3rd with 5.4, Singapore 5.1, Malaysia 4.9, France 4.7, India 4.6 276 The number of listed companies as at July 2014 277WEF 2012/13. Bahrain is at the top on low level of tax impact on work or investment with score 6.2 where [1 = significantly limits incentives to work or invest; 7 = has no impact on incentives to work or invest] . Singapore 5.5, Mauritius 5.1, South Africa 4.0 278Doing Business 2012/WEF 2012/13. Canada has 1 requirement, Malaysia 4, South Africa 5, Ghana 7, Japan 8 and Gabon 9. Kenya had 10 in 2013. 279 WEF 2012/13 on the scale 1 = extremely inefficient; 7 = extremely efficient]. Singapore was 1 st with 6.2, Malaysia 5.0, USA 4.5, South Africa 4.3 and Thailand 4.3. Kenya had a score of 3.6 in 2013 280Kenya Economic Survey 2013. Kenya Vision 2030 target if 32% of GDP by the year 2030

100 Sector Performance Standards 2015

SECTOR: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS SUB- SECTOR

KEY RESULT AREAS


STATUS 2012 42.3

% increase in proportion of Kenyans access to formal financial services

281World

281

PERFORMANCE TARGETS 2015

2017

2030

20

60

80

Bank 2011.Adults with an account at a formal fin.inst. to total adults (%). Singapore 98.2, USA 87.9, Malaysia 66.7,


CHAPTER 9 GOVERNANCE, JUSTICE LAW AND ORDER SECTOR 9.1

INTRODUCTION

The Governance, Justice Law and Order Sector (GJLOS) is premised within the political pillar of the Kenya Vision 2030 and plays an important role in providing an enabling environment for social-economic development of the country as outlined in the Second Medium Term Plan (MTP II 2013-2017). The Sector has the responsibility of providing: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi. xvii. xviii. xix. xx.

9.2

Effective policing services; Coordination of National Government, Peace building and conflict management; Reforming of laws; Promotion and protection of human rights; Registration services; Administration and access to justice, Prosecution and legal advice to Government agencies; Promotion of integrity and the fight against corruption; Management of electoral process; Regulation of gaming industry; Management of custodial and noncustodial offenders; Spearheading implementation of the Constitution; Providing population management services; Eradication of drugs and substance abuse; Promotion of gender equality and freedom from discrimination; Witness protection; Crime research; Government printing services; and Regulation of political parties.

Vision and Mission

Vision A secure, just, cohesive, democratic, accountable, transparent and conducive environment for a globally competitive and prosperous Kenya 102

Mission To ensure effective and accountable leadership, promote a just, democratic and secure environment as well as establishing strong governance institutions to empower citizens, for the achievement of socio-economic and political development

9.3

Strategic Objectives of the Sector

The main objectives of the Sector are to:i.

Strengthen institutions and systems of governance;

ii.

Enhance constitutional compliance among state and non-state actors;

iii.

Maintain law and order and ensure public safety, peace and security;

iv.

Improve the custodial facilities, supervision, rehabilitation, reintegration and resettlement of offenders and vulnerable groups;

v.

Improve access to justice to all Kenyans irrespective of status;

vi.

Prevent and combat corruption and economic crimes;

vii.

Promote national values and ethics, ethnic harmony and cohesion;

viii.

Enhance the security of identification, registration and migration services;

ix.

Promote and protect human rights, gender equality and non-discrimination;

x.

Deliver free, fair and credible elections;

xi.

Enhance the capacity of printing, supply and security of government documents;

xii.

Regulate gaming industry and;

xiii.

Regulate political parties.

9.4

Sub-sectors

The Governance, Justice, Law and Order Sector (GJLOS) consists of fifteen (15) subsectors namely: i. ii.

State Department for Interior; State Department for Coordination of National Government; 103 Sector Performance Standards 2015

iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv.

Office of the Attorney General and Department of Justice; The Judiciary; Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC); Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions (ODPP); Commission for the Implementation of the Constitution (CIC); Office of the Registrar of Political Parties (ORPP); Witness Protection Agency (WPA); Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR); Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC); Judicial Service Commission (JSC); National Police Service Commission (NPSC); National Gender and Equality Commission (NGEC); and Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA).

9.5

Semi-Autonomous Government Agencies (SAGAs)

There are 11 SAGAS in the sector which undertake specialized functions and have specific mandates. There are eleven (11) tribunals in the sector 9.5.1 SAGAs i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi.

National Campaign against Drug Abuse Authority (NACADA) The Kenya Citizens and Foreign Nationals Management Service Kenya Copyright Board National Crime Research Centre Kenya School of Law Council of Legal Education Kenya Law Reform Commission National Council for Law Reporting Auctioneers Licensing Board The Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration Asset Recovery Agency

9.5.2 TRIBUNALS i. ii. iii. iv. v.

Political Parties Disputes Tribunal Education Appeals Tribunal HIV and AIDS Tribunal National Environment Tribunal Rent Restriction Tribunal 104 Sector Performance Standards 2015

vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi.

Sports Dispute Tribunal Energy Tribunal Cooperative Tribunal Industrial Property Tribunal The Standards Tribunal Business Premises Rent Tribunal

9.6

Key Results Areas

i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi.

Improved internal Security of people and property Partnerships and collaborations in policing Efficient traffic control and management Effective Public participation in government development initiatives Effective Criminal justice system Civil justice delivery system Criminal justice delivery system Humane treatment of offenders Expeditious administration of justice Effective and efficient management system of Gaming, betting and lotteries. Effective immigration services Efficient registration of persons of age 18 and above Efficient registration of births and deaths Efficient management of refugees affairs Effective implementation of the Constitution Transparency, ethics electoral integrity


Sector Performance Targets SECTOR:

GOVERNANCE, JUSTICE, LAW AND ORDER

SUB SECTOR

KEY RESULT AREAS


Status 2012

Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government

Improved internal Security of people and property

Police population ratio282

Improved index measure of cost of crime and violence on business283


2017

2030

1:562

1:500

1:450

1:400

3.5

4.5

5.0

6.3

282

Police population ratio in 2009 was 1:533. This figure includes Administration Police Officers. Current population computation is 43.2 Million in 2012 divide by 0.076882M police and administration police officers equal 1: 562. There will be a recruitment of 10,000 officers in the year 2014. Benchmarking with UN ratio 1:450. 283The Global Competitive Report 2013 ranked Kenya’s index was 3.5 where 1-to a great extent and 7- not at all. Libya’s index was 5.6, Rwanda 5.6, Liberia was 4.5, Singapore was 6.3. In 2012 Kenya has since moved to 3.5, and Singapore went down to 6.1. The highest is Qatar at 6.6.

106

SECTOR: SUB SECTOR

GOVERNANCE, JUSTICE, LAW AND ORDER KEY RESULT AREAS


Status 2012

Improved ratio of police per square Kilometer in Northern Kenya region284 Reduction in crime per capita per 100,000 people285 % Increase in Kenya’s peace index (global peace index) Reduction in police response time to distress calls (min)


2017

2030

1:32

1.20

1:10

1:10

125

110

37

20

2.466

2.20

2.00

1.55286

90

60

30

3287

284

Total population in all Northern Counties is 4,337,253 (2009 population census). Area is 322,019 sq.km. If we are to achieve the UN standard of 1:450, it works out to be 1 police officer per 33.5 sq.km. The calculation is based on total population per 100, 000 dived by the total security workforce for NPS not area. 285 According to the 2013 Annual crime Statistics (Kenya Police Reports) the Crime level reduced by 8% compared to the previous period. 2014 Population estimate is 43 million against 36,957 crimes translating to 85 crimes per 100,000 people. Benchmarking with Nepal at 37 crimes per 100,000. 286Benchmark with Singapore. 287 Benchmarking with Philippines


SECTOR: SUB SECTOR


Partnerships and collaborations in policing


Status 2012

Increase in number of police dogs (K9s) for crime detection provided to police officers288


2017

2030

429

500

650

2,000

% Increase Community involvement in crime reduction289

N/A

50

80

100

Improve Police Corruption global position290

139

130

80

50

288The

ideal establishment of the number of dogs nationally is 650 according to Crime Survey Index, Kenya Police Reports. The Ransely Report recommends full establishment of 1,767. 289Launched Nyumba Kumi Initiative to reduce crime in the country. 290 TI survey on perceived levels of public sector corruption, 2012 ranked Kenya on position 139 out 176 countries with a score of 27 where 100 – very clean and 0 is highly corrupt. . The global report for 2009 ranked Kenya 139 out of 176. Benchmarking with Rwanda for 2017, and seek to improve towards 2030. Index is a better measure and therefore should be considered despite the ranking.


SECTOR: SUB SECTOR



Status 2012

Increase the index measure on Reliability of police service by the public291

Efficient traffic control and management

Effective Public participation in government development initiatives293


2017

2030

3.7

4.5

4.9

5.9

% Area of major highways covered by CCTV cameras for traffic control and management292

0

20

50

100

% increase in public awareness programmes implemented on government policies and programmes294

30

75

100

100

291Global

Competitive Report 2013. The Ransely Commission benchmarked with Botswana, Sweden and UK. Out of these Sweden’s index is 5.9 in 2013-14. Police Service Reports. For 2012 the highways targeted to be covered with the CCTV cameras are Uhuru highway, Mombasa Road, Thika Road and Nairobi-Nakuru highway. 293Through the awareness campaigns and public barazas 294Programmes and policies that are specific to the relevant target groups 292Kenya


SECTOR: SUB SECTOR



Status 2012

Effective Criminal justice system

Improved global rating of Correctional institutions295

2015

2017

2030

3

4.0

6.0

8.0

Increase the prison officers inmate ratio to international standards296

1:12

1:11

1:8

1:5

Civil justice delivery system index297

Improve civil justice delivery system index

0.55

0.79

0.87

0.90

Criminal justice delivery system index298

Improve criminal justice delivery system index

0.49

0.82

0.87

0.90

295World

Justice Project Report 2013: Kenya – 3.0, Finland – 0.80, South Africa – 3.0 staff inmate ratio is 1:5 297World Justice Project Report 2013-14.Benchmark with Singapore. 296International

298World

Performance Targets

Justice Project Report 2013-14.Benchmark with Singapore.


SECTOR: SUB SECTOR



Status 2012

Humane treatment of offenders

% Increase in number of new modern model prisons completed % decongestion of prisons300

Expeditious administration of justice


2017

2030

10299

50

80

100

200

160

120

200,000

Kenya Vision 2030 progress report of 1st February, 2013 The Philippine government plans to increase the country's forest cover from 24% to 30 %. Source: Manila Bulletin – Thu, Apr 24, 2014. 323 Vision 2030 : Second Medium Term Plan:2013-2017 324 Kenya attained 7% of the United Nations requirement of 10 % forest cover by 2013 325 Forest cover: Brazil 56.1%, Tanzania 37.22%, Mauritius 56.10%, Nigeria 12%, Cuba 24,47%, South Africa 7.31%,Ghana 10.2%, Jamaica 30.1%, Source:, CIA world fact book 326 Species (higher) threatened in Kenya last measured in 2013 according to the World Bank Higher: plant132, Bird 34, fish 69. According to Vision 2030 : Second Medium Term Plan:2013-2017, 51 mammals have been classified as threatened. 327 Kenya Vision 2030: Second Medium Term Plan: 2013-2017 projected targets. Existing irrigation schemes cover 17% i.e 153,800 ha. Country is to put under irrigation 404,800 ha 328 Kenya’s irrigation potential stands at 890,000 ha according to Kenya Vision 2030: Second Medium Term Plan: 2013-2017 329 SPS 2010, Vision 2030/Sector projected targets 322


SECTOR: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES PERFORMANCE CURRENT PERFORMANCE INDICATORS SUB KEY Status SECTO RESULT INDICATORS 2015 2017 2030 2012 R AREAS

Available and accessible safe Water

330

% increase in improved flood control/protection330 Increase in renewable fresh water per capita331

N/A

10

30

100

647m³

850

1000

2000m³

% decrease in volume of unaccounted water loss increase in surface water storage per capita334 Increase in total water storage per capita335 Proportion of urban population with access to clean and safe water336

45332

30

20

5333

4.5m3

10m³

30m³

>70m³

4.3M3

10m³

16 m³

100m3

61.7%

85

90

100

SPS 2010, Vision 2030/Sector projected targets

3 is a water-scarce country with less than 1,000m per capita of renewable freshwater supplies. Botswana 1208, Cuba 3380, Chile 51073, Jamaica 3474, Kenya 492.5, Rwanda 852, India 1184, Mauritius 2139, Philippines 5039, South Africa 885,Uganda 1109, Tanzania 1812, Ghana 1220, Ethiopia 1365. (Source: The 3 World bank: World development Indicators (2011). (UN minimum 1000 m ) 332 Vision 2030 : Second Medium Term Plan:2013-2017 333 Singapore benchmark: Unaccounted water (up to 57%). Singapore’s National Water Services Strategy 2007-2015 proposes reduction to 30% by 2015 334 SPS 2010,, Vision 2030 projected targets 335 Vision 2030 projected targets 336 % based on Joint WHO/UNICEF progress report on improved Water –Sanitation access, 2014 update: Botswana 99%, Cuba 96%, Chile100%, Indonesia 93%, Jamaica 97%, Israel 100%, India 97%, Malaysia 100%, Mauritius 100%, Philippines 92%, South Africa 99%. Reasonable access-fountain or water spigot within 200 meters of the household 331Kenya


SECTOR: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,WATER AND NATURAL RESOURCES PERFORMANCE CURRENT PERFORMANCE INDICATORS SUB KEY Status SECTO RESULT INDICATORS 2015 2017 2030 2012 R AREAS

Adequate Sanitation

Proportion of rural population with access to clean and safe water337 Amount of water access per capita338 (in liters per day) % increase in per capita water available) % of households using water from sources considered safe340 % of urban population accessing safe/improved sanitation facilities

47.1%

65

70

100