Shirley Chisho Shirley Chisholm Shirley Chisholm - Morah Sheli Village

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student of the New York school system, Shirley. 1939, she began ... hool at Girls' High School in Bedford-Stuyvesant, an
Shirley Chisholm Have you heard of Shirley Chisholm? olm? She is widely known for making history as the first Black Congresswoman ongresswoman in 1968. She mainly fought ught for educational and social justice. justic Shirley St. Hill was born on November 30, 1924 in Brooklyn, New York. Her parents were Caribbean immigrants, so she spent much of childhood there with her grandmother, who lived in Barbados. She was one of eight children having two younger sister close to her in age. Her father worked in a factory and her mother was a seamstress. From an educator to a state legislator gislator to an official member of Congress,, Shirley surely left her mark in the political world. She is Shirley Chisholm. Chisholm did not attend an American school until un she was over ten years old because she lived with her grandmother grandmothe in Barbados, where she received a formal British education. By the time she came back to the U.S., the Great Depression was at its peak, so life was not easy for the St. Hill family. As a student of the New York school system, Shirley was able to easil easily strive well in mainly White courses. In 1939, she began high school at Girls' Hig High School in Bedford-Stuyvesant,, an integrated school with prestige. She went on to earn tuition scholarshi scholarships at a plethora of elite colleges, but sadly she was unable to afford the room and board. She finally decided to live at ho home to attend Brooklyn College and study to be a teacher. In 1946, Shirley graduated college and began her career as teacher. She later became a director of schools s in early childhood education. Shirley met Conrad O. Chisholm holm the 1940s. He was a Jamaican-born and immigrated to the United States in 1946. Three years later, the couple married and had a traditional West Indian wedding but made Brooklyn their home. During this time, she went back to scho school to earn her Master's Degree in elementary education educ from Columbia University. She began to develop an interest in politics while on campus, especially in areas that served women and children. She also took note that not many women held leadership positions, but instead carried roles which kept them behind the scenes or secondary to their male counterparts. Mrs. Chisholm had made up her mind to do something about these issues she grew to resent. Continuing as an educator, Shirley Chisholm was a director for a Brooklyn nursery and an educational consultant for a day care. Her teaching career begin to shape the politician should would soon become, speaking out on and becoming the authority for early education and child welfare. Also, she began to join several organizations such as the League of Women Voters and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Shirley was not shy about voicing her opinions oon n the economic and social issues of America, which at the time was quickly transitioning. Her plans were ideal in the Civil Rights era of the United States as activists all over the nation were becoming very opinionated about the rights of all people, but particularly Black Americans. In 1964, Chisholm sholm was elected to the assembly. She sponsored several bills but was only successful with a few including, obtaining assistance for low low-income ncome student to go to college, employment insurance, and modifying maternity leave for female teachers in New York State. Then, four years later, in 1968, Shirley Chisholm made history by becoming the fi first African-American American Congresswoman in the United States. Soon after, she became one of the founding member of the Congressional Black Caucus. Caucus She hired all women in her office of which half were African African-American because she believed in hiring iring her own people but stated that she faced much more discrimination in her political career for being female than for being Black. Finally, Mrs. Shirley Chisholm made history once more by becoming the first major major-party party Black candidate to join the U.S. Presidential Election. She ran for the Democratic party in 1972 but did not win the nomination. She was so influential that at she was voted one of the tten most-admired women in world!

©2016 by Morah Sheli Publishing, All Rights Reserved, www.morahsheli.com Photo Credit: Shirley Chisholm, January 25, 1972 Thomas J. O'Halloran, Public Domain

In 1977, Shirley and Conrad divorced and Shirley married Arthur Hardwick, Jr. later that year. When Arthur was injured in a car accident in 1982 Shirley wanted to be available to care for her husband. It would be a combination of her husband's health and her disdain with the political climate of an Reagan era, that Shirley decided to retire from Congress and return to teaching. She served as a professor and a visiting scholar before she finally retired from teaching in 1987, after burying her husband in 1986. She never had any children. In 1991 she made Florida her home. In 1993, President Clinton nominated Chisholm to be the Ambassador to Jamaica but she could not fulfill the position due to her health. On January 1, 2005, Shirley St. Hill Chisholm after having several strokes. She was laid to rest in Buffalo, New York. Credit: Wikipedia.com and Biography.com

Research: 1) In 1968 Shirley Chisholm made history by becoming the United States' first African-American Congressman. How many terms did she serve in the House of Representatives? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What was the name of her congressional campaign slogan? Why would the name be fitting for her platform? _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3) Shirley was a member of a an African-American sorority. Which one? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Personal security was a major concern during Chisholm's campaign for presidency. Three confirmed threats were made against her life. Research to find who served as bodyguard until the Secret Service protection was granted. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Awards & Honors: Use Wikipedia to record any of Chisholm's awards and honors that are valuable or relevant to you.



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©2016 by Morah Sheli Publishing, All Rights Reserved, www.morahsheli.com Photo Credit: Shirley Chisholm, January 25, 1972 Thomas J. O'Halloran, Public Domain

Comprehension Questions (oral or written): 1) Describe Shirley's life. _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What social concerns was Shirley particularly interested in? ________________________________ 3) Name one contribution Chisholm made for each of the following groups: women, Blacks, and the poor. _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Explain her contributions to education a teacher and as a politician. _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 5) If there are any underlined words that you cannot pronounce or do not understand the meaning of, use a dictionary to aid you in your phonetics and/or understanding. Reflective Questions (oral): 1) Shirley writes, "Years later I would know what an important gift my parents had given me by seeing to it that I had my early education in the strict, traditional, British-style schools of Barbados. If I speak and write easily now, that early education is the main reason" (Unbought and Unbossed, 1970). In your opinion, what weight does a strict, rigorous education have a person's life, career/success? Considering Shirley's formal education and her career, how would you say her education benefited her, especially taking into account the "typical life" of an African-American woman during her life (Jim Crow/Segregation/Women's Rights)? 2) Shirley Chisholm was voted as one of the ten most-admired women in the world! Name at least three admirable qualities you note in her life and explain why for each. Essay Question: Shirley considered herself a Barbadian American. Though she was U.S.-born, she refused to denounce her Barbadian roots, including her grandmother and her formal schooling. Describing her grandmother, Chisholm reminisces, "Granny gave me strength, dignity, and love. I learned from an early age that I was somebody. I didn't need the black revolution to tell me that." Write about your own roots and upbringing, including any ancestors or elders you desire. How does having a "good start" in life with a solid family foundation help one's esteem, identity, and self-value? As a Black youth, also discuss how a "Black revolution" can (and does) promote a positive identity amongst Blacks, but that the greatest or perhaps even more influential self-identity is provided by your parents/home.

©2016 by Morah Sheli Publishing, All Rights Reserved, www.morahsheli.com Photo Credit: Shirley Chisholm, January 25, 1972 Thomas J. O'Halloran, Public Domain

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©2016 by Morah Sheli Publishing, All Rights Reserved, www.morahsheli.com Photo Credit: Shirley Chisholm, January 25, 1972 Thomas J. O'Halloran, Public Domain