SOUTH SUDAN

SOUTH SUDAN CONSOLIDATED APPEAL 2013 | MID-YEAR REVIEW

United Nations

Clusters Assess and analyse needs

Clusters and OCHA

Humanitarian Country Team and Coordinator

Monitor, review and report

Set strategy and priorities

Humanitarian Planning Process Organizations

Clusters

Mobilize resources and implement

Develop objectives, indicators, response plans and projects

HC/HCT and OCHA Compile strategy and plans into consolidated appeal (CAP)

2013 Consolidated Appeal for South Sudan A. ACF-USA, ACROSS, ACTED, ADESO, ADRA, AMURT International, ARC, ARDI, ASMP, AVSI, AWODA, B. BRAC, C. CAD, CAFOD, CARE International, CARITAS, CASI, CCC, CCM, CDAS, CDoT, CESVI, CHF International, CMA, CMD, COSV, CRADA, CRS, CRWRC/World Renew, CUAMM, CW, D. DAI, DCA, DDG, DORD, DRC, F. FAO, FAR, FH, FLDA, G. GOAL, H. HCO, HELP e.V., HI, I. IAS, IBIS, IMC UK, Intermon Oxfam, INTERSOS, IOM, IRC, IRW, J. JEN, Johanniter, K. KHI, L. LCEDA, LWF, M. MaCDA, MAG, MaGNA, Malaria Consortium, Mani Tese, MEDAIR, Mercy corps, Merlin, MI, Mulrany International, N. NCA, NHDF, NPP, NPA, NPC, NRC, O. Oxfam GB, P. PACODES, PAH, PCO, Plan International, R. RedR, RI, RUWASSA, S. SALF, Samaritan's Purse, SC, SCA, Sign of Hope, SMC, Solidarités, SPEDP, SSUDA, T. TEARFUND, THESO, U. UNDSS, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHABITAT, UNHAS, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIDO, UNKEA, UNMAS, UNOCHA, UNOPS, UNWWA, UNYMPDA, V. VSFBelgium, VSF-Germany, VSF-Suisse, W. WFP, WHO, World Relief, WV South Sudan. Please note that appeals are revised regularly. The latest version of this document is available on http://unocha.org/cap and www.southsudancap.info. Full project details, continually updated, can be viewed, downloaded and printed from http://fts.unocha.org. Cover photo: A refugee from Blue Nile State treats her malnourished child with therapeutic milk at a feeding centre in Upper Nile (UNICEF/Brian Sokol) For additional information , please contact [email protected] Produced by OCHA South Sudan 17 June 2013

SOUTH SUDAN CONSOLIDATED APPEAL 2013 | MID-YEAR REVIEW

OCHA

Introduction

South Sudan CAP MID-YEAR REVIEW 2013

Reference map

States, state capitals and major settlements in South Sudan

Sawdiri

Kutum

GEDAREF

Ad Duwaym

Al Fashir

Al Gadarif

Barah NORTH KORDOFAN

NORTH DARFUR

Sennar

El Obeid

S U DA N

Umm Ruwabah

Sinjah

Kosti Tandalti

Abu Zabad

An Nahud

WHITE NILE

Nyala

SENNAR Gerger

Dilling

Ad Daein

Al Hawatah

Es Suki

Ar Rahad

SOUTH DARFUR

Shuwak

Wad Madani

Mellit

Ar Rusayris

SOUTH KORDOFAN

Renk

Kadugli

BLUE NILE

Al Muglad EAST DARFUR

Talawdi

Melut Athidway Oriny

ABYEI

Radom War-Awar

Marial-Baai

Akuem

Boro Medina

Raja

NORTHERN BAHR EL GHAZAL

Mayom

Turalei

Gogrial

Aweil

Tonga

Bentiu

Juaibor

Mankien

WARRAP

Marial-Lou

WESTERN BAHR EL GHAZAL

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Kuajiena

Tonj

Akobo

JONGLEI

Yirol

Tambura Obo Bambouti

Zémio

Ezo

Tali

Amadi WESTERN EQUATORIA

Source Yubo Naandi Nzara

Li Rangu

Mundri

EASTERN EQUATORIA Lafon

Juba

Yambio

Torit Pajok

Azile

Dungu

Titule

Chukudum

Kakuma

Nimule

K E N YA

Kitgum

Buta

Isirio

D E M O C R AT I C REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

Arua

Watsa

Gulu

Mungbere

Lokitaung Lokichoggio

Ikotos

Magwi Pageri

Kajo-Keji

Faradje

Kapoeta Narus

Liria

CENTRAL EQUATORIA Yei

Niangara

Boma

Muni

Mangalla

Maridi

Churi

Bor

Terekeka

Lui

Pochalla

Padak/Baidit

Akot

Mvolo

Likuangole Pibor

Awerial

Djéma

M'Boki

Kongor

Shambe

Rumbek

ETHIOPIA

Duk Fadiat

Ganylel

Cueibet

Gore Wanding

Nyal

LAKES

Dembi Dolo

Waat Walgak

Ayod

Wau Thiet

Gimbi

Maiwut Nasir Jikou Adok

Warrap

Deim Zubeir

Begi

Dajo

Abwong

Leer

Kwajok

Kangi

Malakal

Atar

UPPER NILE

Old Fangak

UNITY Koch

Akun

Mendi

Kodok

Riangnhom

Lodwar

U G A N DA

Andudu

Lokichar

Lira

Wamba Masindi Bunia

Soroti

Hoima Mbale

Bafwasende

Kolowa Kitale

^! Country Capital

Undetermined boundary*

State Capitals

Abeyi region**

Populated place

International boundaries

Rivers

State boundaries

Lakes

0

100

200 km

The information shown on this map does not imply official recognition or endorsement of and physical, political boundaries or feature names by the United Nations or other collaborative organizations. UN OCHA and affiliated organizations are not liable for damages of any kind related to the use of this data. Users noting errors or omissions are encouraged to contact [email protected]. ** Final boundary between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan not yet determined. ** Final status of Abyei area not yet determined.

South Sudan CAP 2013 | MID-YEAR REVIEW

Introduction

Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Executive summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Humanitarian dashboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2013 Common Humanitarian Action Plan

8

Changes in context and needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Planning scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Strategy at mid-year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Progress at mid-year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Cluster response plans

19

Coordination and common services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Emergency telecommunications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Food security and livelihoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Mine action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Multi-sector (refugees and returnees) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Nutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Shelter and non-food items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Water, sanitation and hygiene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Annex 60 Monitoring and reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 2012 in review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Requirements and funding 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Assessment reference list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Endnotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

1

2

Introduction


Preface

From the Government of South Sudan

The Consolidated Appeal for 2013 is a product of the joint work of the Government and the humanitarian community to address some of South Sudan's most pressing humanitarian challenges. The mid-year review of the appeal is an opportunity to review progress against our goals, and commitments made to people in need. This year’s mid-year review has been the most inclusive and accountable to date with Government, donors, UN and NGOs evaluating plans and strategies together to ensure that they best address needs on the ground. The resumption of oil production in April provides a significant opportunity to improve the lives of all our citizens but particularly the lives of the most vulnerable. There are however ongoing political issues on oil flow with Sudan. South Sudanese are a resilient people and we need to enable our citizens to lift themselves out of poverty and fully contribute to the building of our nation. As we have welcomed the 1.9 million South Sudanese from Sudan who have returned since 2007, we will embrace those who continue to arrive this year and beyond. We must ensure that people return in a safe, voluntary and dignified way. We will work to prioritize that those arriving are helped in building new lives wherever they settle. As the conflict in Sudan’s Blue Nile and South Kordofan nears its third year, our Sudanese neighbours continue to seek refuge in Unity and Upper Nile. South Sudan will offer them a safe haven until peace allows them to return home. We will continue to work with the Humanitarian Coordinator and all our humanitarian partners to create an environment in which aid agencies can access people in need. There is much to be done to improve the lives of our people in 2013 and we look to our partners to continue to support us in this endeavor. I am pleased to see the increased engagement of national counterparts by international NGOs and UN agencies in all aspects of their work. It is us South Sudanese who will move our country forward in the longer term as and when the need for humanitarian assistance reduces. The Government recognizes the tireless efforts of the humanitarian community in South Sudan to help our people. To South Sudanese relief workers who risk their lives in volatile areas and to international aid workers who leave their families to come to work in some of the most remote corners of our country, I tell you that the Government of South Sudan is grateful for your commitment and continues to stand beside you. To the donor community, I thank you for your continued support in addressing the needs of the people of South Sudan, and I assure you that we will continue to work to develop sustainable and innovative programmes to increase the resilience and capacity of all our people.

His Excellency, Joseph Lual Achuil Lual Minister of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management


Introduction

Foreword

Pledging commitment to the people of South Sudan

As South Sudan approaches the second anniversary of its independence, the problems facing the world's youngest country often appear insurmountable. But how are things now compared to one or two years ago? To what extent has the engagement of the international community, for example its generous funding for the largest humanitarian operation in Africa, helped? This review brings to light a different and largely better picture of the situation than might have been expected. While the scale and depth of need is still immense and requires sustained engagement, most issues that have an impact on the humanitarian situation are moving in the right direction. While the situation is fragile, hostilities are killing and displacing fewer people, food insecurity has stabilized at least for the time-being, and the economy is weathering the shocks associated with the oil shutdown and resumption. Security has improved with fewer people uprooted from their homes due to violence so far this year compared to the same period in 2012 when some 193,000 people were displaced. We anticipate that aid agencies will assist up to 125,000 people displaced by fighting throughout 2013. Most of the displaced are in parts of Jonglei where the escalation in hostilities has been as persistent as the difficulties aid agencies have experienced working there. Our forecast for the number of refugees in South Sudan has decreased from 350,000 to 263,000. As the pace of new arrivals fleeing conflict in Sudan's Blue Nile and South Kordofan states slowed, the refugee operation has evolved to include both crisis response and care and maintenance. Aid organizations stabilized malnutrition and contained disease outbreaks and new camps are opening to take pressure off existing settlements. We are also more focused on supporting refugee resilience. The plight of returnees, thousands of whom have been stranded or are living in desperate conditions, continues to be troubling. We now expect about 70,000 returnees to arrive from Sudan in 2013. While this number is lower than we had anticipated, donor support is needed so that together with the Government we can help returnees integrate, start new lives and help build a more prosperous country. While the harvest was better than in the previous year, there are still 1 million people severely food-insecure. The work of the food security and livelihoods cluster where short- and medium-term needs are addressed is a good example of the link we are forging between humanitarian action and development. The prospects for necessary longer-term improvements are also looking up: the currency has been fairly stable and inflation has come down. The Economic Partners Forum held in April and the envisaged IMF programme have sowed the seeds for renewed engagement. The Government and donors are also embarking on a New Deal compact, based on commitments to reform and aid effectiveness. Aid agencies have made great progress so far in 2013, being able to implement up to 90 per cent of their plans. For example, prepositioning supplies before the rains started was largely successful and will enable communities to manage until the dry season begins. Improvements can of course be made: cross-cutting issues have not come to the fore enough in our aid operation. For example, awareness of HIV-AIDS in humanitarian settings or of disaster risk reduction is insufficient and requires more attention. During this review of the Consolidated Appeal, which sets out the aid community's strategy to help address South Sudan's challenges, I called on cluster leads and co-leads, together with NGOs and UN agencies, to analyze humanitarian needs and the extent to which we can meet them during the rest of 2013. This has led to a measured revision of our strategy and plans in each cluster, and a thorough reconsideration of financial requirements bearing in mind both need and what can actually get done. In some parts of the country, such as Pibor County, needs have increased and this drives up costs. However, given improvements elsewhere, we have been able to reduce overall financial requirements by nine per cent from $1.16 billion to $1.05 billion. Taking into account contributions to date, donors are now asked to provide $485 million so that we can continue to stand with civilians in need. I am grateful to the staff of NGOs and UN agencies, some ninety per cent of whom are from South Sudan, for their work across the country's 79 counties. I look forward to continuing our partnership with the Government, and count on it to ensure an environment in which aid workers consistently can reach the most vulnerable people whenever and wherever necessary. Together we can address acute humanitarian need and, at the same time, forge a more stable future for the people in South Sudan.

Toby Lanzer Humanitarian Coordinator

3

4

Introduction


Introduction


Executive Summary The mid-year review of the South Sudan Consolidated Appeal shows that although humanitarian needs remained very high in the first half of 2013, the situation has stabilized and even improved in some areas. Overall, up to 4.5 million people need basic services. Of these, an estimated 4.1 million people are food-insecure, down from the original estimate of 4.6 million at the beginning of the year. One million people are expected to remain severely food-insecure.1 Though the numbers remain high, they reflect an anticipated stabilization in food security in the second half of 2013, which could be enhanced by the opening of the border between South Sudan and Sudan. Sudanese refugees continued to flee Blue Nile and South Kordofan, but in much lower numbers than in 2012, moving the refugee operation from crisis to a more stable mode. Internal insecurity continued to cause displacements and deaths, however, in lower numbers than the same period in 2012. Jonglei remained the centre of violence and fighting. At mid-year, partners expect lower numbers of South Sudanese returnees (up to 70,000 people) and a reduction in the anticipated number of people displaced through internal violence who can be accessed and assisted (up to 125,000 people). Key concerns remain in certain flash-point states, however, and partners maintain contingency plans for any deterioration in the situation.

planning for 2013 at mid-year

4.5 million

Milestones

people in need

3 million

people targeted overall

Dec '12 to Apr '13

Dry season increases risk of hostilities but also allows for pre-positioning of humanitarian supplies.

2.2m people

April '13

to receive food assistance

Oil production resumes.

263,000

May to Aug '13

refugees in South Sudan

Hunger gap.

125,000

Jun to Oct '13

Main planting season.

internally displaced

Aug to Nov '13

70,000

returnees from Sudan

113

appealing organizations

1.05 billion

Seasonal floods expected to affect large parts of the country. Dec '13 to May'14 Dry season increases risk of violence but also allows for pre-positioning of humanitarian supplies.

US$ funding required

In the first half of the year, South Sudan and Sudan moved forward on a number of key issues such as the resumption of oil production, trade agreements, and border security arrangements. With the Government of South Sudan continuing to be challenged in providing basic services, combined with the continued impact of austerity measures as a result of oil shutdown in 2012, humanitarian partners remained providers of first-resort, particularly in the areas of emergency education, food assistance, health, nutrition, water and sanitation. Between January and April 2013, partners provided food and livelihoods assistance to nearly 821,000 people, life-saving nutritional assistance to more than 100,000 malnourished children, medical consultations to about 772,000 people and assisted 59,000 violence displaced people and 38,000 newly arrived returnees. With the rainy season and annual flooding beginning in June, making more than 60 per cent of the country inaccessible for over half of the year, the pre-positioning of life-saving supplies in deep field hubs is well underway, providing the basis for a speedy and relevant response. The challenging operational environment of South Sudan continues to require emergency response and protection, increased support for livelihoods and resilience, and strong coordination. Key in providing life-saving relief is to link it to preparedness, mitigation against future shocks, national capacity strengthening, and development, with the ultimate aim of supporting people to become self-reliant. Incidents of harassment and commandeering of humanitarian assets by state and non-state actors continued to impede the

350 dollars per person

access of humanitarian partners to people in need. In particular, insecurity hampered the ability of partners to reach communities in Jonglei. High-level and continued advocacy with key stakeholders on these issues has kept access to people in need, protection of civilians, and security of humanitarian staff and assets high on the agenda. Support from the United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) helped address these issues, with $5.4 million granted to strengthen emergency medical capacity and helicopter transportation needed to assist tens of thousands people affected by ongoing hostilities in Jonglei. This year’s appeal comprises 276 projects of 113 partners, coordinated by 12 clusters. As of mid-year, the appeal has reduced requirements from $1.16 billion to $1.05 billion. This reduction reflects the improvements in some areas, such as lower than expected refugee and returnee numbers, while recognizing the still high numbers of people needing food and livelihoods assistance and basic services. It also reflects a rigorous approach by all clusters in reviewing requirements for the remainder of 2013 in terms of what is needed as well as realistically achieved. Donors have generously contributed US$ 567 million to date to the CAP 2013, meeting 54 per cent of the revised requirements. Some $485 million is still needed to accelerate action and meet goals in the remainder of 2013.

5

6

Introduction


Humanitarian Dashboard Key 2013 planning figures, needs and funding indicators

Key Planning figures 2013

➡

4.5 million

people in need

2%*

3 million

➡

2.2m people

➡

9%

people targeted overall

to receive food assistance

Needs remain high in South Sudan, although the situation has stabilized in several areas. Overall, 4.5 million people need basic services. 4.1 million of these are foodinsecure. Refugee arrivals from Sudan have slowed and fewer South Sudanese than expected have returned from Sudan. However, internal insecurity continues to displace civilians, especially in Jonglei. Programmes are progressing well but the rainy season will create access challenges in the second half of 2013. By 17 June, donors had given $567 million towards the appeal.

2.4m

Food/livelihood assistance

➡

125,000 newly internally displaced

US$ funding required

44%

Newly internally displaced

➡

1.05 billion

➡

returnees from Sudan

9%

2012

MYR-12

2013

350'

MYR-13

Returnees from Sudan

• 89 Government staff trained Maintain front-line

2 services

• 22,400 children helped back into schooling

263’

• 17,600 households given household items

80'

Refugees in South Sudan

• Key airstrips and roads open 80 % of the year

• 449,000 people provided with improved water source

265'

38%

• Pre-positioning in Juba and state capitals 65% complete

• 100,000 children treated for malnutrition

2.2m

25%

refugees in South Sudan

70,000

2.3m

1.2m

Prepare for and respond

1 to emergencies

• 772,000 health consultations provided

Key planning trends B

➡

263,000

4%

Results at mid-year C

Situation overview

2012

MYR-12

300'

300'

2012

MYR-12

250'

250'

2012

MYR-12

2013

MYR-13

Assist and protect

200' 2013

3 refugees and host comms.

125’

• 224,000 refugees assisted

MYR-13

• 100% of new refugee arrivals assisted 125'

70’

2013

MYR-13

• Under-5 mortality kept under emergency threshold

*Compared to original CAP 2013 planning figures

Funding required AND securedD

People targeted AND reachedA As of 30 April 2013

As of 17 June 2013 3m

MA 2.6m

WASH

2.5m

NUT 2.2m

FSL 1.9m

H

1.8m

PRO MC NFI

60% 23% 16%

MC 74.5

59%

NUT

74.5

52%

70.5

39%

42%

LOG

56

73%

4%

33%

178,000 People targeted

People reached

18%

258.5

H

PRO

48.4

16%

MA

30.1

82%

EDU NFI CCS

EDU

69%

WASH

26%

409,000

378.1

37%

65%

453,000

FSL

ET

24.4

57%

20.7

41% 66%

14.2

12%

1.9 Funding required

Funding secured

Sources: (A) Clusters (30 April 2013); (B) Consolidated Appeal 2012, Mid-Year Review, Consolidated Appeal 2013, Mid-Year Review; (C) Clusters (30 April 2013); (D) fts.unocha.org (17 June 2013); (D) Clusters (30 Sep); (E) OCHA, UNHCR, FSL Cluster (May 2013); (F) - (1) Statistical Yearbook 2011 (NBS Oct '12); (2) 2008 Population + returnees + population growth + refugees (OCHA); (3) 5th Sudan Population and Housing Census (2008); (4) ibid.; (5) ibid.; (6) ibid.;(7) GDP Estimate, South Sudan National Bureau of Statistics (NBS, Aug '11); (8) ibid.; (9) National Baseline Household Survey (2009).

Introduction


Violence, Food insecurity and Refugees E Protect people affected

4 by crisis

SUDAN

Unity

• 2.6 million m2 cleared of mines

N. Bahr el Ghazal

• 2 key protection policies enacted

XX’

Lakes

12’

Severe

18’ West. Equatoria

Inter/intra-communal, other incidents Cross-border incident

UGANDA

Source: Conflict incidents (OCHA), Food Security Outlook Jan-Mar '13 (FEWS, IPC Classification), Refugees (UNHCR)

baseline indicators F

The world's bottom 5% g

Population (2008)3

8.26m

Population estimate (for 2013)2

11.8m

• 475,000 people helped to produce food

Population below 18 years4

51%

Rural population as share of total5

83%

Gross domestic product (estimate)7

$13bn

GDP per capita (estimate)8

$1,546

People living below poverty line9

50.6%

Ease of intern'tl trade (of 183 countries) Share of arable land under cultivation10

2

3

4

Protection of civilians from harm is a key priority. State authorities and the international community must pull together to ensure civilians’ safety and security. Access to people in need is imperative. All parties to hostilities have a duty to ensure the safety and free movement of organizations bringing life-saving assistance to people in need. Programmes must consider the different needs of men, women, boys and girls and help empower vulnerable women and girls.

Top

75 105

Children under 2 years fully immunized15

Top

1.6%

Households using improved sanitation20

7.4%

Househ. w/ impr. drink. water sources

South Sudan 180 countries Bottom

Sharp price increases Consumer price index

100% South Sudan 50% Top

Bottom

180 countries

Volatile exchange rate SSP/US$ parallel rate

6.3%

Net enrolment in secondary education19

21

Net primary enrolment

Fragile Economic context H

Jan '12

Dec '12

200

350

165

450

130

Fluctuating Gov't budget SSP million per month

44.4%

Net enrolment in primary education18

Bottom

180 countries

50%

27%

Adult literary (15+ years)17

Top

Bottom

100%

19.4%

Births attended by skilled personnel16

195 countries

Access to sanitation

2,054

Child mortality (per 1,000 births)14

1000

60

181

13

Infant mortality (per 1,000 births)

1

South Sudan

42

Maternal mortality (per 100,000 births)12

South Sudan 2054

120

4.5%

Live expectancy (years)11

Maternal mortality

Infant mortality

6

Average household size6

Priority issues

South Sudan ranks lower than almost any other country

644,329

• 821,000 people given food or livelihoods assistance

• 45% of threatened expulsions of humanitarian staff resolved

KENYA

DEM. REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

Area (square kilometers)1

7

Eastern Equatoria

Central Equatoria

Food secure

• 38,000 returnees registered and assisted at final destination

ETHIOPIA

4’

Refugees

Moderate

Improve the operating environment

Jonglei

Western Bahr el Ghazal

Food security status in 2012/2013

5 Support returns

6 Increase resilience

Maban

Pariang

Warrap CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

• 30,000 helped to access civil status documentation

• 240 Government staff trained

Upper 117,000 Nile

73,000

900

Mar ‘12

550

Sep ‘12

Shrinking oil revenue SSP billion per year

18

450

68.7%

‘10 ‘11 11/12 Aust.12/13

0

6 2011

2036

0

critical seasonal events I Preposition

Hunger gap

Main harvest

Main rainy season

Dry season

Wherever possible, humanitarian work should include recovery strategies to promote resilience and self-sufficiency.

Preposition

Planting season

Main harvest

Floods

Dry season Floods

Conflict incidence pattern Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Sources: (F cont.) (10) WFP ANLA 2011/12; (11) South Sudan Household Health Survey (SHHS, 2010); (12) SHHS (2006); (13) SHHS (2010); (14) ibid.; (15) ibid.; (16) ibid.; (17) Statistical Yearbook 2011 (NBS, Oct '12); (18) Education Management Information System (2011); (19) ibid.; (20) SHHS 2010; (21) ibid. (G) UN Statistics Division mdgs.un.org, SHHS 2010. (H) National Bureau of Statistics (CPI), World Bank High Frequency Survey (FX rate), Ministry of Finance (Budget), World Bank (oil revenue projection). (I) WFP, FEWS, OCHA.

7

8

2013 Common humanitarian action plan


UPDATE ON CONTEXT AND NEEDS Needs remain high though with stabilization in some areas

Changes in the context

Original and revised planning figures for 2013 People targeted (in '000)

Positive political developments in March saw the governments of South Sudan and Sudan agree to implement several agreements signed in 2012, including resuming oil production and removing military forces from the border. However, uncertainty remains about the timeframe for implementation and several issues remained unresolved, including the status of the contested Abyei area.

2.3m orginal 350'

200'

125'

263'

125'

70'

Refugees

IDPs

Returnees

2.2 million revised

South Sudan's development indicators are among the lowest in the world.2 Against this backdrop, a number of factors drive the humanitarian situation as it enters the second half of 2013.

People targeted with food or livelihoods assistance

Food insecurity persists A good harvest end of 2012 and subsequent increase in local production was a key factor in the stabilization in food security. The potential opening of trade routes between South Sudan and Sudan after months of closure may lower key commodity prices and contribute to further improvements in food security over the course of 2013. Partners now estimate that the the number of foodinsecure people has dropped from 4.6 million to 4.1 million.9 Despite these improvements, food assistance will remain a priority in the second half of the year. South Sudan faces a cereal deficit of nearly 371,000 metric tonnes until the next harvest in late 2013. One million people are expected to remain severely food-insecure in 2013. This core of severely food-insecure people has remained largely static since 2008, and appears relatively unaffected by yearly changes in the harvest. The food security outlook for the poorest and most vulnerable communities engaged in marginal livelihoods will remain negative. As the anticipated numbers of vulnerable people, including refugees, returnees and internally displaced, has dropped, this has contributed to a slight reduction of anticipated food assistance needs. Food security and livelihood partners plan to target some 2.2 million people with assistance in 2013, a decrease on the original planning figure of 2.3 million people. However, there are no significant changes in the targets for host communities for the remainder of 2013.

Backdrop to humanitarian needs % of population living below poverty line3

50.6%

Maternal mortality rate4

2,054 per 100,000 live births

Primary school net enrolment rate5

44.4%

Secondary school net enrolment rate6

1.6%

Returnees between Feb '07 to May '137

1.9 million

Percentage of population with access to health care within 5 km radius8

40%

Refugee situation stabilizing The Sudanese refugee crisis in Unity and Upper Nile states stabilized in early 2013, following a significant lowering of new arrivals from Blue Nile and South Kordofan with nearly 20,000 refugees arriving between January and May 2013, compared with nearly 64,000 during the same period in 2012.10 As of the end of May there were more than 224,000 refugees in South Sudan, of whom over 190,000 came from Sudan. However, with no significant progress on ensuring that people affected by conflict have access to humanitarian assistance from within Sudan, partners expect the arrival of up to 39,000 more Sudanese refugees before the end of the year.11 This will bring the total anticipated refugee population

Food insecurity, refugees and conflict Persistent and deteriorating cereal deficit Cereal deficit (in '000 MT)

Rapid refugee arrival

47’

0.3’

Recurring violence

Total refugee population per month (in '000)

Number of violent incidents per month (2010-13) 80

250’ 200’

-84’ -85’ -93’

Trend

150’ -225’ -291’ -371’ 2005

2007

2009

-474’ 2011 2013

Source: FAO/WFP CFSAM (2005-2013)

40

100’ 50’ Jan

Apr

Jul

Source: UNHCR (May 2013)

Oct

Jan

Apr

0

Jan. 2010

Jan. 2011 Jan. 2012 Jan. 2013

0

Source: Inter-agency assessments/ local authority reports

2013 Common humanitarian action plaN


(including smaller numbers of refugees from the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Ethiopia) to some 263,000 people. Aid organizations will focus on providing longerterm assistance to refugees, such as education and livelihoods support. Two new camps opened in Unity and Upper Nile in May, to relieve pressure on existing settlements and host new arrivals.

People affected and targeted in 2013 11.8m people*

population estimate for 2013

A hepatitis E outbreak in refugee sites in Unity and Upper Nile declared in mid-2012 was brought under control by the first quarter of 2013. Over 9,600 cases of acute jaundice syndrome and 180 fatalities were reported as of 18 April.12 Aid organizations stepped up water and sanitation programmes to ensure the disease was kept under control, though concerns remain that any new influx of refugees or let-up in disease prevention activities could see a reoccurrence.

Hostilities centre on Jonglei Armed hostilities and inter-communal violence continued to wreck people’s lives, especially in parts of Jonglei State where fighting between the South Sudan army and non-state armed actors as well as inter-communal fighting displaced tens of thousands of people since the start of the year. Most people left key centres in Pibor County either seeking safety in the bush, moving to other states in South Sudan, or into neighbouring countries such as Ethiopia and Kenya. Overall, security improved across South Sudan compared with 2012. While the number of violence-related incidents was roughly on a par with 2012, the numbers of deaths and displacements was lower. 174 violence-related incidents occurred between January and May 2013, compared with 166 incidents over the same period in 2012. 466 people were killed in hostilities, compared with 1,230 deaths over the same period in 2012. Violence displaced nearly 59,000 in the first five months of the year, compared with over 164,000 between January and May 2012.13

4.5m in need

people who are food insecure, affected by violence and disaster, or lack the most basic services

Country-wide, the improvement in displacement due to violence was primarily due to a reduction in the intensity of inter-communal violence, even in Jonglei, where clashes in 2011 and 2012 were particularly violent. Humanitarian partners anticipate that 125,000 people will be uprooted from their homes in areas which can be accessed. However, this number of people anticipated to be displaced likely does not show the full scope of the problem, as humanitarian partners are unable to access the majority of those displaced in Jonglei due to insecurity.

3m targeted 3 million demine 2.6 / 2.5 million water, sanitation, hygiene, nutrition 2.2 million food/livelihoods

1.9 / 1.8 million health, protection

Needs persist in Abyei The killing of a senior traditional leader in Abyei in early May escalated tensions in the contested area. The full impact of the chief’s death on future negotiations and on the status of Abyei is not yet known. Organizations continued to provide assistance commensurate with humanitarian needs. An outbreak of conflict in Abyei in 2011 resulted in about 120,000 people fleeing their homes southwards, where over half remain displaced. Those displaced and those who have returned to Abyei continue to need assistance.

+ 263,000 refugees + 125,000 newly displaced + 120,000 Abyei-affected + 70,000 returnees

453,000 multisector 409,000 shelter/NFIs 178,000 education

* Estimate for people living in South Sudan based on census result of 2008 (8.26m), returnees (1.9m) and population growth (2.052% annually, 1.2m) since then, + expected refugee population (0.26m), Abyei-conflicted displaced (0.12m) and new returnees (0.07m).

9

10



Timeline of critical seasonal events Preposition

Preposition

Planting season

Main harvest

Hunger gap

Main harvest

Main rainy season

Dry season Floods

Dry season Floods

Conflict incidence pattern Oct

Nov

Jan

Dec

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Source: FEWS NET

Slow pace of returns

Conditions for aid workers

Low numbers of South Sudanese returned from Sudan in 2013, with only 38,000 people having arrived as of the end of May.14 This was the lowest number for the period compared with any year since 2007. Humanitarian partners estimated that in total about 70,000 people will return to South Sudan in 2013. An estimated up to 350,000 South Sudanese remained in Sudan, of which 40,000 people were camped in very difficult circumstances at various open stations in Khartoum. A further about 3,500 people were stranded in Kosti, Sudan.15

In 2013, interference in humanitarian activities by the South Sudan army, state authorities and non-state armed actors worsened. More than double the number of access incidents were recorded compared with the same period last year, with 90 incidents reported between January and May 2013 compared with 56 incidents between January and May 2012.16 Central Equatoria continued to see the highest number of incidents, most of which referred to occurrences reported in Juba (such as work permit issues) but affecting activities across the country. Significant challenges were also observed in Jonglei, Lakes, Unity and Upper Nile states including the attempted imposition of arbitrary and illegal state-level taxation on humanitarian activities, which caused significant delays and costs for relief organizations.

Returnees from Sudan

Number of people per year (in '000) 449

418

348

Direct attacks on humanitarian convoys in Jonglei State reduced the ability of aid workers to move on key access roads in the state. The attack on an UNMISS convoy on 9 April further reduced access, with the Bor-Pibor road becoming off-limits for UN movement.

329

162

160 38

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Source: Emergency Returns Sector

An estimated 19,000 returnees remained stranded in Renk, with the majority citing lack of transport means to their final destinations as the main constraint. Country-wide reintegration opportunities for returnees remained scarce, despite efforts to devise adequate land allocation policies at central level. Due to a lack of adequate resources, it has been difficult to ensure returnees reach their final destinations with dignity and partners have instead scaled up efforts to meet the needs of thousands of people at transit sites.

The physical infrastructure in South Sudan also created access challenges. South Sudan is a vast territory, with many communities living in remote, hard-to-reach areas. However, in spite of these challenges, the pre-positioning of supplies of the core pipelines in Juba and state capitals ahead of the rainy season was 65 per cent achieved overall by April, with pre-positioning in deep field hubs ranging from 30-65 per cent.17 Significant progress on food assistance was booked, with up to 95 per cent of supplies pre-positioned. The poor state of transport infrastructure and seasonal flooding render many areas inaccessible during the rainy season.

Baseline indicators among the world's bottom 5% Maternal mortality per 100,000 live births

Net primary enrolment

South Sudan compared to other countries

South Sudan

Access to improved sanitation facilities

South Sudan compared to other countries

South Sudan compared to other countries 100%

2,054

100%

1,000 South Sudan

50%

44% South Sudan

Top

180 countries

Bottom

Top

180 countries

Bottom

Source: Global statistics - MDG Progress Report 2012, UN Statistics Division. South Sudan figures: SHHS (2010)

Top

180 countries

Bottom

7.4%


In a worrying trend, an increasing number of aid workers were asked to leave their duty stations by national authorities. 19 humanitarian professionals working for 12 organizations were asked to leave the states where they worked between January and May 2013. Although nine were able to remain in their duty stations following negotiations, this behaviour contravened agreements between aid organizations and the Government of South Sudan and disrupted the work of humanitarian organizations.

Access incidents by category 14% Interference in implementation of humanitarian activities

90

18% Active hostilities

access incidents Jan-May 2013

68% Violence against humanitarian workers, assets or premises

Source: Data compiled by OCHA from organizations working in South Sudan

Easing of tensions with Sudan Political tensions between the governments of South Sudan and Sudan thawed on 8 March, as both states recommitted to implement CPA agreements on oil, trade and security signed on 27 September 2012. The demilitarization of the border area paved the way for trade to resume between the two states, and is likely to improve food security and lower prices of essential commodities, especially in border areas. The resumption of oil production should kick-start South Sudan’s stagnated economy although the government’s austerity budget is set to continue until the end of 2013. However, remaining CPA issues such as the status of Abyei, remain unresolved and risk jeopardizing relations between the countries if not resolved at the negotiation table.

Government capacity Challenges faced by the Government in establishing basic services and institutions after decades of civil war meant that aid agencies continued to be the providers of first resort for many people in South Sudan. While carrying out these responsibilities, aid organizations stepped up their capacity-building of national institutions, including on coordination and emergency preparedness. Among other initiatives, partners provided training on humanitarian principles and response modalities to the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Disaster Management and the Relief and Rehabilitation Commission. The Commission of Refugee Affairs was established in January 2013 under the Ministry of Interior, and quickly engaged on the refugee response. Partners have provided intensive capacity-building and training to help the new body fulfill its mandate.


Revenues grow BUT Austerity Continues If oil production continues, the economic situation in South Sudan is likely to improve during the remainder of 2013. GDP dropped 40 per cent during the 2012/13 fiscal year, but is anticipated to rise 85 per cent in 2013/14.18 While the Government intends to significantly increase spending on social services, agriculture and infrastructure in the new fiscal year, capacity to deliver services will remain limited, as institutions require further strengthening and the security sector continues to dominate state spending. Though the shutdown of oil production in January 2012 led to fiscal austerity measures that remained in place into 2013, the Government used the economic crisis to tighten belts and succeeded in raising some new sources of revenue. Oil production resumed in April and the opening of trade borders between the two nations was announced, although increased movement across the borders was yet to be seen by June. Even with increasing revenues, it is unlikely that the Government will be able to increase social spending during the remainder of 2013, due to austerity, and existing socio-economic strains will continue to be felt by the population. Aid organizations will need to provide the bulk of key services for the foreseeable future. South Sudan's economy remained highly dependent on oil and in need of diversification to make growth sustainable. Oil reserves are likely to have already peaked, and are predicted to drop from SSP 16 billion per year in 2011 to about SSP 8 billion per year within ten years, based on current reserves and prices. If revenues from oil decrease substantially over the next decade, it is crucial that investments in economic growth and social services are undertaken now to protect society and ensure a brighter future.

FLOODING RISK APPROACHES The annual flooding season starting in June will make up to 60 per cent of the country inaccessible by road and displace communities in flood-prone areas. Though annual flooding tends to be predictable and localized, it has the capacity to disrupt livelihoods due to displacement and have a longer-term impact on food production. Without proper water resource management and flooding mitigation measures, the floods continue to require a humanitarian response. National authorities and humanitarian partners are looking at ways to include disaster risk reduction measures in their programmes.

11

12



Planning scenario Conditions identified for the most-likely humanitarian scenario

Most-likely planning scenario

Triggers

The following scenario forms the basis on which clusters have revised their strategy, and costed their requirements for the second half of 2013. In light of events during the first five months of 2013, planning figures have been revised downwards as compared with the original 2013 consolidated appeal. For more detailed information on the planning scenarios, please refer to the original South Sudan CAP 2013 at www.southsudancap.info.

The following conditions have triggered the most likely planning scenario for 2013.

zz Tensions inside South Sudan result in hostilities and displacement, characterized by inter-communal violence and fighting between state and non-state armed actors. An estimated 125,000 people are displaced by hostilities over the course of the year.19 Tensions also remain between South Sudan and Sudan. zz The humanitarian situation stabilizes, showing improvement in some areas - though food insecurity, refugee arrivals, needs of the Abyei affected, returnees and new internal displacements continue. Refugees continue to arrive, bringing the total refugee population to 263,000. Up to 70,000 South Sudanese return from Sudan.

|| South Sudan – Sudan dialogue continues with slow progress || Dialogue on resolving inter-communal issues has mixed results || Disarmament campaigns continue with intermittent success || Reintegration of non-state armed actors (but not in Pibor County) || Conflict continues in Sudan’s Blue Nile and South Kordofan || No agreement on the status of Abyei and no referendum in 2013 || Most South Sudanese in Sudan stay there || Parts of the border between South Sudan and Sudan re-open with some improvements in market conditions || Moderate improvements in food security following improved 2012 harvests and possible border trade resumption || No easing of austerity measures imposed mid-2012 || Seasonal flooding occurs at normal levels

zz Government capacity to deliver basic services remains low, while a fragile economic climate exacerbates existing socioeconomic strains. Original and revised planning figures for 2013 People targeted (in '000)

2.3m orginal

2.2 million revised

350'

200'

125'

263'

125'

70'

Refugees

IDPs

Returnees

People targeted with food or livelihoods assistance

Timeline of key events 2011 TO 2013 Oct / Nov / Dec 2011 Inter-communal tensions and skirmishes in Jonglei State

20 Jan 2012 More than 170,000 people affected by inter-communal violence in Pibor County, Jonglei

23 Dec 2011 Inter-communal violence erupts in Pibor County, Jonglei Nov-11

Dec-11

20 Jan 2012 South Sudan shuts down oil production Jan-12

Feb-12

Mar / Apr / May 2012 Border clashes between South Sudan and Sudan displace about 20,000 people March / April / May Pre-positioning of emergency supplies in field hubs ahead of rainy season Mar-12

Apr-12

May / June 2012 Most unauthorized security forces pull out of Abyei

April / May Rainy season begins

May-12

Jun / Jul 2012 Arrivals of refugees to South Sudan increase

24 May 2012 UN Security Council passes resolution 2046 Jun-12

June - Oct 2012 About 340,000 people affected by seasonal flooding

9 Jul 2012 First anniversary of South Sudan independence Jul-12

Aug-12



STRATEGY AT MID-YEAR

Seven strategic objectives to guide humanitarian strategy and action in South Sudan

Humanitarian action is guided by seven over-arching objectives jointly defined by humanitarian partners and reflected in the cluster response plans:

CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES Gender South Sudan suffers from major gender inequality, including in education, health, and social and political participation. A lack of disaggregated baseline data poses challenges in developing more accurate gender analysis, but clusters are meeting minimum gender standards by collecting disaggregated data for project design and implementation.

Key objectives: zz Prepare for and respond to emergencies on time. zz Maintain front-line services in hot-spot areas. zz Assist and protect refugee and host communities. zz Protect people affected by crisis.

HIV and AIDS South Sudan's HIV prevalence rate is just under 3 per cent among the adult population. Clusters work to strengthen prevention and response to the disease.

zz Support returns in a voluntary, safe and sustainable manner. zz Increase resilience of households suffering from recurrent shocks. zz Improve the operating environment for UN agencies and NGOs.

Environmental impact Environmental degradation is one of the drivers of violence in parts of South Sudan. Partners are integrating environmental considerations into planning and implementation of programmes.

Further details on the strategic objectives can be found in the original appeal. Related achievements at mid-year are outlined in the Response at Mid-Year section below. Detailed cluster objectives and strategies follow in the cluster response plans.

The Gender Marker

1: Project has potential to contribute in some limited way to gender equality. 0: Project has no visible potential to contribute to gender equality.

The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Gender Marker is a tool to show how humanitarian action contributes to gender equality and the extent to which women, men, girls and boys benefit equally from projects. In all humanitarian appeals, projects are coded on a scale from 0 to 2, based on whether projects incorporate a gender analysis in needs assessments, activities, and expected outcomes.

CAP projects by gender marker code 192

Explanation of gender marker scores: 2a: Project has potential to contribute significantly to gender equality. 2b: Project’s principal purpose is to advance gender equality.

Nov 2012 Aerial bombardement in Kiir Adem displace over 4,000 in Northern Bahr el Ghazal State

Sep-12

Oct-12

Nov-12

Code 2a

Dec / Jan 2013 Arrivals of refugees to South Sudan begin to spike Dec-12

Jan-13

14

10 Code 2b

Feb / Mar 2013 Inter-communal violence and armed hostilities affect tens of thousands poeple in Jonglei

Oct / Nov 2012 Inter-communal tensions and skirmishes in Jonglei State

27 Sep 2012 Addis Ababa agreements signed

57

Code 1

Mar-13

Killing of a senior traditional leader in Abyei raises tension

April / May Rainy season begins

Apr-13

N/A

Early May 2013

Early Apr 2013 South Sudan resumes oil production

Mar 2013 Modalities for Security Arrangements and implementation matrix signed Feb-13

3

Code 0

May 2013 Refugees relocation begins in Maban and Pariang in Upper Nile and Unity states

May-13

Jun-13

13

14



Criteria for selecting and prioritizing projects

At the mid-year review, UN and NGO cluster coordinators and co-coordinators defended their strategies to an advisory panel comprising the Humanitarian Coordinator, a representative of the Government Relief and Rehabilitation Commission, two donors, two NGO Forum representatives, and UN agency country representatives. The panel paid particular attention to the coherence of clusters’ strategies with changes in key planning parameters, such as reductions in the number of returnees and refugees anticipated and food security stabilization, as well as areas with evidence-based increases in needs. Strategies were adjusted and approved based on the panel’s feedback. Each cluster shared the approved strategy with cluster partners to guide the development of project revisions and new project submissions. All projects underwent a peer review process to examine their continued relevance for inclusion in the CAP, with clusters reviewing affected population numbers and corresponding increasing/decreasing needs, geographical priorities, activities, and expected outputs. Any new project proposed for inclusion in the 2013 CAP was reviewed against standardized criteria identified and agreed by the Inter-Sector Working Group and OCHA. Projects were scored by a peer review panel comprising cluster members against the following three criteria: • The project contributes directly to the cluster's objectives

Cluster-specific project criteria Cluster Common Services and Coordination

The panel also took into account at least one cluster-specific criterion reflecting the cluster or sector’s priorities, and the gender marker when scoring projects. A key element of the project review at mid-year was the emphasis placed on reviewing the financial requirements needed to enable partners to carry out activities during the remainder of 2013. Current levels of funding and anticipated funding were taken into consideration alongside capacity to implement the proposed work. This rigorous review undertaken by all clusters resulted in increases in requirements for some projects where needs justified, and reductions in requirements for projects where needs were decreasing or the ability to implement had been delayed (often due to delayed funding early in the year). This collective commitment in ensuring a needs-based, relevant, and feasible CAP resulted in a reduction in requirements of nine per cent vis-à-vis original CAP 2013 requirements, with seven new projects included and six projects withdrawn. The appeal now includes 276 projects put forth by 113 partners.

Must target priority needs of partners: • Access restrictions • Security • Capacity-building • Coordination support

Education

• Includes plans for surge capacity or education of dedicated staff in emergencies • Includes plans to lead the cluster at county, state or national levels • Includes mention of the INEE Minimum Standards and Monitoring • Includes plans for inter-cluster work or crosscutting issues

Emergency telecoms

n/a

Food Security and Livelihoods

• Participation in cluster coordination and project in line with cluster objectives and strategy • Links relief, recovery and development

Health

• Participation in cluster coordination and project in line with cluster objectives

Logistics

n/a

Mine Action

• Project targets areas with highest levels of landmine/ERW threats

Multi-sector (Returns and Refugees)

• Emergency returns: Project focuses on transport assistance, in-transit assistance, tracking and monitoring

• The project is evidence-based • The organization participates in coordination mechanisms

Criteria

• Refugees: Projects for which budgetary provision is not made under the UNHCR project sheet. NFIs and emergency shelter are budgeted under the refugee operational projects Nutrition

• Organization should have an appropriate range of nutrition responses, taking into consideration the organization’s capacity, and need

Protection

• Project demonstrates capacity to implement, support and/or inform emergency protection response

Shelter and NFIs

• Project demonstrates commitment to quality intervention (including post-distribution monitoring, and awareness of cross-cutting issues such as gender, environment, and conflict sensitivity) • Organization has a good reporting record

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

• Organization’s emergency response capacity



PROGRESS AT MID-YEAR

Significant results achieved across clusters and states, but more remains to be done

Summary of response to date As of May 2013, up to 4.5 million people relied on humanitarian assistance, with multiple crises warranting multi-sector responses. In the first months of the year, partners made strong progress on pre-positioning supplies, with on average 65 per cent of supplies needed for the year in place in Juba or state capitals by the end of April. Pre-positioning in deep-field locations was between 30 and 65 per cent completed, depending on the pipeline. In Jonglei, nearly all pre-positioning was completed, although some supplies were looted and will need to be replenished. By mid-May, most of the road network in the state was closed due to insecurity and rains. Air assets will be needed to move aid to remote areas. Nearly 821,000 vulnerable people received food and livelihoods assistance as of the end of April - 37 per cent of the targeted 2.2 million people for the year (monthly targets vary according to the food production cycle). Partners vaccinated around 782,000 animals, benefitting nearly 470,000 people. Amid worsening access restrictions, clusters nonetheless managed to maintain frontline services in many hotspot areas. The Education Cluster enabled over 22,400 emergency affected children (13,400 boys and 9,000 girls) to attend learning spaces. Mine-action partners cleared 920 kilometres of road and over 330 hazardous areas from landmines, making land available for agricultural production. The Health Cluster contained over 190 disease outbreak alerts, 83 per cent of which were responded to within 72 hours. The Nutrition Cluster treated over 100,000 chil-

ANALYSIS OF FUNDING TO DATE The CAP funding level remained below 10 per cent during the first quarter of the year, with a sudden increase to 35 per cent at the beginning of April. The increase was the result of a contribution against the food aid component of the Food Security and Livelihoods Cluster. The increase in the overall funding level in the second quarter was progressive as a result of better reporting from organizations in the run up to the CAP mid-year review. As of 17 June, the CAP was 54 per cent funded, having secured $567 million against the revised requirement of $1.05 billion. However, funding across clusters remained uneven with only seven out of 12 clusters having secured 50 per cent or more of their requirements. The imbalance between the food aid and agricultural component of the FSL Cluster was particularly evident, with food aid funded at 72 per cent and and agriculture and livelihoods at 24 per cent. The analysis of funding by priority level showed that donor funding mainly targeted high and high immediate priority projects (e.g. the core pipelines). Together, these projects attracted 82 per cent of all funding secured.

dren under 5 years for malnutrition. Water, sanitation and hygiene partners provided access to clean water to some 449,000 people. Shelter and NFI partners provided kits with household items to over 17,600 vulnerable households. The Logistics Cluster enabled close to 30,000 aid workers to access people in need over the year, and moved about 65 metric tonnes of aid supplies. Violence in Jonglei State was a cause for grave concern from February onwards. As insecurity prevented assessments and delivery of relief to many communities, aid agencies focused on providing medical assistance to people who could be reached, including evacuations for the severely injured. Humanitarian partners continued to provide assistance to the 190,000 refugees in Unity and Upper Nile states, with the operation moving from crisis to a more stable phase. Malnutrition and disease outbreaks in refugee settlements were kept under control by the end of April and health indicators were maintained above emergency thresholds in all refugee sites. Water, sanitation and hygiene services improved in most settlements. Two new refugee camps were opened with the capacity to host 40,000 people, to relieve pressure on existing sites. Humanitarian partners assisted about 38,000 South Sudanese who returned from Sudan since the start of the year with transport, food, medical assistance and household items. Of these, over 4,000 stranded returnees were supported with transport assistance to reach final destinations. Some 19,000 returnees stranded in Upper Nile received in-transit assistance.

The majority of funding was channeled to partners in the CAP with only just over $55 million given to non-CAP partners. During the mid-year review partners examined their requirements for the second part of the year against needs and capacity to implement activities. As a result of this rigorous review, the appeal has been reduced from $1.16 billion to $1.05 billion - a decrease of nine per cent or over $105 million. This reduction does not mean donor support is less important. On the contrary, continued donor support is a must to enable partners to accelerate their activities during the rest of 2013 and meet their goals for the year. As of 16 June, $485 million is still needed. Requirements and funding in 2013 $1.16bn initial requirements

1,200

$1.05bn revised requirements

900 600 300

54% funded

$567m as of 17 June Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Source: fts.unocha.org (17 June)

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

0

15

16



Strategic objectives and indicators The seven over-arching objectives guiding humanitarian action in South Sudan remained unchanged. Overall, most clusters are on track and there is high likelihood of further significant progress by the end of the year end should more funding become available and the security situation stabilizes improving access.

Challenges facing many clusters have been inadequate levels of funding (or delayed funding resulting in late commencement of activities) and insecurity, particularly in Jonglei State.

1

Strategic Objective 1 Prepare for and respond to emergencies on time Indicator

Target

Achieved as of April 2013

Lessons learned

Challenges

Road access maintained to key areas defined by the Logistics Cluster

Access to critical roads 80% of the year

80%

Key airstrips open for fixed-wing aircraft

Access to critical airstrips 80% of year

80%

The timely funding for core pipelines was essential in enabling pre-positioning to take place. Compared to the first quarter of 2012, where pipelines were below 50 per cent, this represents a considerable improvement.

Lack of funding resulted in decreased UNHAS fleet which is expected to impact on the ability of partners to respond to emergencies.

Percentage of pre-positioned core pipelines complete

90%

65% overall (at Juba and state level); prepositioning in deep field hubs 30-65%.

Number of Government staff receiving emergency response training

350

Lack of funding grounded the UNDSS plane used for staff safety assessments, and security and medical evacuations of NGOs. In some areas such as Jonglei, insecurity affected the level of or delayed the pre-positioning of core pipeline supplies, with looting by armed actors further exacerbating the situation.

89 (86 male; 3 female)

2

Strategic Objective 2 Maintain frontline services in hotspot areas Target

Achieved as of April 2013

Lessons learned

Challenges

Number of medical consultations

2.9 million

772,000 (44%