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1

Accents & special characters Accessing font glyphs|Font formats|Glyphs palette



N

ew in Quark 7 is the Glyphs palette, a feature added fonts, be they serif, sans serif, script or other category. to allow access to the greatly expanded character These layouts are the same in any format—PostScript, sets of OpenType. But, hint hint,The Glyphs palette also TrueType, OpenType and many others. Adobe Standard allows access to all characters of all other standard font refers only to its inventor company, and is used by most formats like PostScript Type1,TrueType and even the of the type foundries and designers making fonts today. various system fonts. Access to every glyph on even older Just what about OpenType? format fonts is now easily accessible for the first time. There’s even a place for Favorite Glyphs in which you can You’ll need the Glyphs palette to access many glyphs store the glyphs you might use most often. on OpenType fonts. Although most don’t include all possible Glyphs are technical typographers’ jargon positions, OpenType is theoretically capable of more than for font characters’ outlines, or the underlying 65,000 glyphs. PostScript Type1fonts are coded as single TIP|Note the graphic representation of a symbol. But despite byte, 8 bits (or16×16), yielding a possible 256 positions. magnifying icons their technically different meanings, mostly As 35 of those positions are taken by control characters at the upper right important to font and software wonks, go (spaces, line endings, discretionary hyphens, tabs, etc.), of the Glyphs palette for resizing glyphs ahead, use the terms interchangeably. the maximum number left for glyphs is 221. OpenType so you don’t go blind Just about anyone can access the basic fonts, by contrast, are double byte,16 bits (or 256×256), searching small alphabet on a font,with its related characters hence a possible 65,536 positions, not all used for glyphs. type glyphs at high printed on the a keyboard’s keycaps. But finding OpenType fonts are fully cross platform—the same resolution screen the many accents and characters not printed font works on Macs and Windows computers. Originally settings. on your keyboard’s keycaps can sometimes be an outgrowth of TrueType, OpenType fonts have internal a time-consuming and even daunting task. data tables that now can be a conglomeration of That’s why Quark has also added the telepathic Glyphs TrueType or PostScript, but the resultant font differences TIP|See the interface, so when you hit the“any”key, it’ll automatically are transparent to users. Most TrueType fonts now are also last box on insert the accent or special glyph you’re cross platform with support for more formats page 4 for accessing all thinking. (Just kidding.) in the latest versions of Mac OS X. NOTE|Since some of the glyphs OpenType is clearly the future as relates (many?) terms used for any Keyboard shortcuts to the rescue to font formats, so where possible when character here may be Greek to available in you, see the Glossary Actually, the new OpenType format takes acquiring new fonts, choose OpenType where an OpenType on page 15 to better a giant leap toward smart fonts that can available. As the standard PostScript Type1 font (Quark). understand what to auto-replace ligatures, swatches and alternate and TrueType keyboard layouts remain some may be fairly characters, but for the basic character set from the same for the basic glyphs, replacing a esoteric. I’ve tried to PostScript or TrueType fonts, keyboard shortcuts include information PostScript or TrueType font with OpenType are a faster solution than the Glyphs palette. in a document should not change special regardless of levels of understanding. Keyboard shortcuts for Mac,Windows characters, or any others, already present. and HTML are included on the following pages Included keyboard shortcuts to access special glyphs on most font formats. An odd character here and there that doesn’t have If you set type in a language other than English, you already may be familiar with the keyboard shortcuts keyboard shortcuts is noted as“inaccessible.” For those required to achieve self-centering accented characters. few glyphs, different on each platform,you’ll still need to But there are shortcuts for most other special characters use the Glyphs palette. The same shortcuts work on most font formats. Most too.The following pages contain most known keyboard normal fonts (not“Expert”or“Pi”fonts) use what is called shortcuts for Mac,Windows and Web. The HTML web the“Adobe Standard” layout, the name of the font layout continued on next page for standard alphanumeric, Western-language“Latin”

2

Accents & special characters Accessing font glyphs|Font formats|Glyphs palette

continued from previous page

Organization & various notes

The special glyphs have been divided into sections codes are not merely shortcuts, but can be essential to for simpler locating and easy reference. For clarity, similar display special characters and accents on the web. Coding glyphs have been grouped or lined up, leaving frequent some characters for the web, with changing versions blank spaces. There’s nothing missing, it was done to of competing browsers that support different code sets, show similar characters (especially built accents) have can be quite daunting. HTML character codes included similar keyboard shortcuts. here currently support the greatest number of up-to-date Where you want to create an accented character (as of mid-2008) web browsers. Consult web development that’s not shown, simply type the initial keyboard references for more coding information. shortcut for the accent itself, then the glyph See page16 for contact information you want to center under it. Place your cursor NOTE|Non alphaand links to download updates to this between the accent and the letter, then kern numeric command guide as it expands to include updated to overlap. The kern value should be fairly high, keys (like OPTION) are n tilde standards and additional font layouts. denoted by all caps perhaps −100,−200 or more. sans serif type. MAC Of course, if you need to typeset material OPTION n n Using this guide containing a great deal of accents not shown WINDOWS ALT 0241 As they contain multiple in this guide,you’ll probably want to purchase HTML keystrokes, this guide is color coded to help special language versions of the font(s), as ñ or ñ accessing the most complex keyboard shortcuts. they contain pre-built, self-centering accents Examples to access ñ follow. for languages other than the common Western languages for which the Adobe Standard layout fonts are intended. MAC|First, key the red-highlighted COMMAND KEYS and You may need to alter system preferences accordingly. any additional keystrokes together, pressing all red keys Note that not all of these characters will appear simultaneously. For example, to key in an n with a tilde if you are using a font that has a limited or non-standard accent, hold down the OPTION key and the n key together character set. to access the accent, then release and key n (the character Perhaps the best aspect is that these shortcuts are that will tuck underneath the accent). If the secondary universal throughout all applications on each computer key is a cap, it is shown as such, and should be typed with platform—they don’t work just in QuarkXPress. For the the SHIFT key (SHIFT n yields N) also. overwhelming number of standard layout fonts, shortcuts shown in this guide work anywhere, in any software fonts WINDOWS|To access the desired glyph, first turn on are used. So for most glyphs shown in this guide (with the NUM LOCK. Then hold down the ALT key while using the exception of “invisibles”following),you don’t need a glyphs numeric keypad to enter the the four-digit number shown. palette to access common accents and special characters. Release the NUM LOCK key when finished. So, to access Special Quark characters the n with a tilde accent, press NUM LOCK, then hold ALT and key 0241. Hit the NUM LOCK key again to release it. Although many page layout and other applications include some shortcuts for characters such as fixed HTML|For our n with tilde, key ñ or ñ spaces, discretionary hyphens, various line breaks, etc., When you use the characters codes in your HTML, don’t the glyphs and shortcuts usually are different in each leave any space between the ampersand (&) and the rest program. Those shown in this guide are unique to of the word preceding (unless it begins a word), nor any QuarkXPress and, as invisible characters, are shown in space following the ; afterward. A full word, Español, grey. Keyboard shortcuts can be used for simplifying with the n with tilde in place would look like this: Find & Change and when coding type for tagged text input or XML export. Español or Español

ñ

Quark invisible characters

3

Spaces|breaks|separators|control characters|QuarkXPress only Two keyboard shortcut styles for invisibles exist in QuarkXPress, one to insert the glyph in a Quark document, the other to access it in the Find/Change pane. The former is given on the first line within each platform, the latter next after “FIND|”. To view invisibles, make sure they are turned on: x i

zero width space

hair space

thin space

en space

em space

figure space

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

via Glyphs palette

via Glyphs palette

\z

\{

FIND|

FIND|

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette

\z

\{

FIND|

FIND|

HTML

HTML

word joiner (non-breaking zero width space) MAC WINDOWS HTML

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

CONTROL SHIFT 6 FIND|\e HTML

CONTROL SHIFT 7 FIND|\m HTML

\8

FIND|

via Glyphs palette

\8

FIND|

HTML

MAC

SHIFT SPACE FIND|\. [period] or x . [period] WINDOWS

SHIFT SPACE FIND|\. [period] or CTRL . HTML

  or  

  or  

unavailable

unavailable

non-breaking hair space

non-breaking thin space

non-breaking en space

non-breaking em space

non-breaking figure space

non-breaking punctuation space

MAC

x OPTION 7 FIND|n/a* WINDOWS

CONTROL ALT SHIFT 8 FIND|n/a*

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a* HTML

unavailable

WINDOWS HTML

WINDOWS

CONTROL 5 FIND|\j

via Glyphs palette

  or  

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a*

\j

x6 FIND|\m

unavailable

MAC

x5

FIND|

OPTION SPACE FIND|\e

CONTROL SHIFT 8 FIND|\[

via Glyphs palette

unavailable

x7 FIND|\[

punctuation space

MAC

x OPT SPACE or x OPT 5 FIND|n/a* WINDOWS

CTRL ALT SHIFT 6 FIND|n/a*

HTML

unavailable

HTML

unavailable

unavailable

MAC

x OPTION 6 FIND|n/a* WINDOWS

CTRL ALT SHIFT 7 FIND|n/a* HTML

unavailable

MAC

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a* WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a* HTML

unavailable

MAC

x SHIFT SPACE FIND|n/a* WINDOWS

CTRL SHIFT SPACE FIND|n/a* HTML

unavailable

< NOTE

space

flexible space

3 per em space

4 per em space

MAC

MAC

MAC

SPACE FIND|SPACE

OPT SHIFT SPACE FIND|\f or x SHIFT f

via Glyphs palette

MAC

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

CTRL SHIFT 5

SPACE

\f

FIND| or CTRL SHIFT

FIND|SPACE

HTML

HTML

\5

via Glyphs palette

\$

FIND|

f

via Glyphs palette

\5

FIND|

WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette

\$

FIND|

FIND|

HTML

HTML

6 per em space

indent here (hanging indent)

MAC

MAC

via Glyphs palette

\^

FIND|

WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette

\^

FIND|

HTML

x\

\i CTRL \ FIND|\i

FIND|

Copy on lines below aligns at insertion point of “indent here”until new paragraph is encountered.

WINDOWS HTML

SPACE

unavailable

unavailable

unavailable

unavailable



non-breaking space

non-breaking flexible space

non-breaking 3 per em space

non-breaking 4 per em space

non-breaking 6 per em space

right indent tab (insert space)

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

FIND|n/a*

x OPT SHIFT SPACE FIND|n/a*

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a*

MAC

OPTION TAB FIND|\i\t

FIND|\p or x RETURN

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

SHIFT TAB FIND|\i\t

FIND|\p or CTRL ENTER

x5

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

CONTROL 5 FIND|n/a*

CTRL ALT SHIFT 5 FIND|n/a*

HTML

HTML

  or  

unavailable

discretionary hyphen MAC

HTML

WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a*

HTML

HTML

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a* HTML

HTML

RETURN ENTER HTML

unavailable

unavailable

unavailable

unavailable

¶ or ¶

non-breaking hyphen

tab

next box (new box)

next column (new column)

discretionary new line

new line (soft return)

MAC

MAC

x= FIND|- [hyphen]

CONTROL - [hyphen] FIND|\h

­ or ­

WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a*

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a*

-

x - [hyphen] FIND|\h WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette FIND|n/a*

paragraph

WINDOWS

CONTROL = FIND|- [hyphen] HTML

unavailable

TAB FIND|\t WINDOWS

TAB FIND|\t

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

SHIFT [keypad] ENTER FIND|\b or x SHIFT ENTER

[keypad] ENTER FIND|\c or x ENTER

x RETURN FIND|\d

SHIFT RETURN FIND|\n or x SHIFT RTRN

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

SHIFT [keypad] ENTER FIND|\b

[keypad] ENTER FIND|\c

CONTROL ENTER FIND|\d

SHIFT ENTER FIND|\n or CTRL SHIFT ENTER

HTML



n/a* = not accessible: use top menu, Utilities > Insert Character > Special or Glyphs palette, Window > Glyphs (pull down“Entire Font”menu)

HTML

unavailable

HTML

unavailable

HTML

unavailable

x = COMMAND OPT= OPTION CTRL = CONTROL [keypad] ENTER = ENTER key on numeric keypad

HTML



Access Quark invisibles by keying xi

Quark special characters

4

Dashes|Auto page numbering|misc|QuarkXPress only Two keyboard shortcut styles for invisibles exist in QuarkXPress, one to insert the glyph in a Quark document, the other to access it in the Find/Change pane. The former is given on the first line within each platform, the latter next after “FIND|”. To view invisibles, make sure they are turned on: x i

-

-

non-breaking hyphen

hyphen -

[immediately preceding word]

MAC

MAC

x= FIND|- [hyphen]

[hyphen] FIND|- [hyphen] WINDOWS

WINDOWS

-

CTRL = FIND|- [hyphen]

[hyphen] FIND|- [hyphen]

-

HTML

HTML

unavailable

[hyphen]

Current page number placeholder

< NOTE > For automatic insertion of page numbers.

MAC

– en dash MAC

x OPTION - [hyphen] FIND|- [hyphen] WINDOWS

CTRL ALT - [hyphen] FIND|- [hyphen]



non-breaking en dash MAC

OPTION - [hyphen] FIND|– WINDOWS

CTRL ALT SHIFT - [hyphen] FIND|–

HTML

HTML

– or –

unavailable

Previous box page number placeholder

Next box page number placeholder

MAC

x3

MAC

x2

\3

x4

\2

FIND|

\4

FIND|

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

CONTROL 3 FIND|\3 or CTRL 3

CONTROL 2 FIND|\2 or CTRL 2

HTML

FIND|

WINDOWS

CONTROL 4 FIND|\4 or CTRL 4

HTML

unavailable

HTML

unavailable

unavailable

< NOTE wild card (Find only)

insert symbol font character

MAC

MAC

x SHIFT ? FIND|\? WINDOWS

x OPTION q [any]* FIND|n/a*

CONTROL SHIFT ? FIND|\? HTML

unavailable

WINDOWS

CTRL ALT q [any]* FIND|n/a* HTML

unavailable

*[any] means key any desired character. The second (black) key hit will be inserted from the Symbol font, returning you to the font preceding it.

backslash MAC

\\

FIND|

WINDOWS

CONTROL \ FIND|\\ or CTRL \ HTML

unavailable

Additional Quark keyboard shortcuts When all else fails, there’s always the help file or application manual. After all, even charts can only go so far even with a few notes and tips. For a complete set of Quark keyboard shortcuts for special characters and application manipulation, select Help from the top Quark menu. Click the Contents tab. Click Typography (just under halfway down the list), then Special Characters. Select Text commands (or other desired category) for your platform. Mac is on top (or at left), Windows is listed second (below or at right). Some special characters can also be accessed from the index. Click

n/a* = not accessible: use top menu, Utilities > Insert Character > Special or Glyphs palette, Window > Glyphs (pull down“Entire Font”menu)

em dash MAC

SHIFT OPTION - [hyphen] FIND|— WINDOWS

CTRL SHIFT = FIND|— HTML

— or —



non-breaking em dash MAC

x OPTION = FIND|— WINDOWS

CTRL ALT SHIFT = FIND|— HTML

unavailable

Hyphens are used for compound words. En dashes are used for compound phrases, such as: Dec.19–Mar.19 Em dashes are used as separators in copy.

< NOTE For “continued from” or“contined to” referral lines to linked boxes. The“None”or“#” are placeholders replaced with actual page numbers in use.

‘Un’invisible (Palette command) < NOTE

\ x\



< NOTE

alternate glyph identifier MAC

via Glyphs palette WINDOWS

via Glyphs palette HTML

unavailable

Identifies available alternate characters in OpenType fonts. Click on the triangle in lower right of a character’s glyph box (WINDOW > GLYPHS) to see any available alternates for the character.

Index, then K from the row just below. Select Keyboard commands below, and scroll down on right as needed.

This will also show various related document commands. A printed manual can be ordered by phone or web from Quark. A PDF version is installed with your application. Open the Quark 7 folder within your Applications folder, open Documents, then English (or your language if not English). Manual is called Guide to QuarkXPress.pdf. Within the manual, Quark invisibles keyboard shortcuts begin on page 132. And go ahead, take some time to read the entire “Working with glyphs”chapter.

x = COMMAND OPT= OPTION CTRL = CONTROL keypad ENTER = ENTER key on numeric keypad

Access Quark invisibles by keying xi

5

Accents Self-centering floating & fixed accents|lowercase composites

á

a acute

à

a grave

â

a circumflex

ä

a umlaut

ã

a tilde

å

a ring

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e a

OPTION`a

OPTION i a

OPTION u a

OPTION n a

OPTION a

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0225

ALT 0224

ALT 0226

ALT 0228

ALT 0227

ALT 0229

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

á or á

à or à

â or â

ä or ä

ã or ã

å or å

è

ê

ë

ç

c cedilla MAC

OPTION c WINDOWS

ALT 0231 HTML

ç or ç

é

e acute

e grave

e circumflex

e umlaut

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e e

OPTION`e

OPTION i e

OPTION u e

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0233

ALT 0232

ALT 0234

ALT 0235

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

é or é

è or è

ê or ê

ë or ë

í

i acute

ì

i grave

î

i circumflex

ï

i umlaut

ı

dotless i

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e i

OPTION`i

OPTION i i

OPTION u i

SHIFT OPTION b

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0237

ALT 0236

ALT 0238

ALT 0239

inaccessible

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

í or í

ì or ì

î or î

ï or ï

ı or ı

ñ

n tilde MAC

OPTION n n WINDOWS

ALT 0241 HTML

ñ or ñ

6

Accents Self-centering floating & fixed accents|lowercase composites

ó

o acute

ò

o grave

ô

o circumflex

ö

o umlaut

õ

o tilde

ø

o slash

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e o

OPTION`o

OPTION i o

OPTION u o

OPTION n o

OPTION o

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0242

ALT 0244

ALT 0246 or 0148

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0243 HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

ó or ó

ò or ò

ô or ô

ö or ö

š

s caron (esh) MAC

inaccessible WINDOWS

ALT 0154 HTML

š or š

ú

u acute

ù

u grave

û

u circumflex

ü

u umlaut

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e a

OPTION`a

OPTION i a

OPTION u a

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0250

ALT 0249

ALT 0251

ALT 0252

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

ú or ú

ù or ù

û or û

ü or ü

ý

ÿ

y acute

u umlaut

MAC

MAC

inaccessible

inaccessible

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0253

ALT 0255

HTML

HTML

ý or ý

ÿ or ÿ

ž

z caron MAC

inaccessible WINDOWS

inaccessible HTML

ž

ALT 0245

HTML

õ or õ

ALT 0248 HTML

ø or ø

7

Accents Self-centering floating & fixed accents|Uppercase composites

Á

A acute

À

A grave

Â

A circumflex

Ä

A umlaut

Ã

A tilde

Å

A ring

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e A

OPTION`A

OPTION i A

OPTION u A

OPTION n A

OPTION A

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0192

ALT 0194

ALT 0196

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0193 HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

Á or Á

À or À

 or Â

Ä or Ä

Ì

Î

Ï

ALT 0195

HTML

ALT 0197 HTML

à or Ã

Å or Å

Õ

Ø

Ç

C cedilla MAC

SHIFT OPTION C WINDOWS

ALT 0199 HTML

Ç or Ç

Í

A acute

A grave

A circumflex

A umlaut

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e I

OPTION`I

OPTION i I

OPTION u I

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0205

ALT 0204

ALT 0206

ALT 0207

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

É or É

È or È

Ê or Ê

Ë or Ë

Ò

Ô

Ö

Ñ

N tilde MAC

OPTION e N WINDOWS

ALT 0209 HTML

Ñ or Ñ

Ó

O acute

O grave

O circumflex

O umlaut

O tilde

O slash

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e E

OPTION`E

OPTION i E

OPTION u E

OPTION n O

SHIFT OPTION O

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0211

ALT 0210

ALT 0212

ALT 0214

ALT 0213

ALT 0216

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

Ó or Ó

Ò or Ò

Ô or Ô

Ö or Ö

Õ or Õ

Ø or Ø

8

Accents Self-centering floating & fixed accents|Uppercase composites

Š

S caron (Esh) MAC

inaccessible WINDOWS

ALT 0138 HTML

Š or Š

Ú

A acute

Ù

A grave

Û

A circumflex

Ü

A umlaut

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

OPTION e A

OPTION`A

OPTION i A

OPTION u A

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0218

ALT 0217

ALT 0219

ALT 0220

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

Á or Ú

À or Ù

 or Û

Ä or Ü

Ý

Y acute

Ÿ

Y umlaut

MAC

MAC

inaccessible

OPTION u Y

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0221

ALT 0159

HTML

HTML

Ý or Ý

Ÿ or Ÿ

Ž

Z caron MAC

inaccessible WINDOWS

inaccessible HTML

&142;

9

Accents Self-contained fixed accents|Uppercase composites

ð

eth (Icelandic)

Ð

Eth (Icelandic)

MAC

MAC

inaccessible

inaccessible

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0240

ALT 0208

HTML

HTML

ð or ð

Ð or Ð

ł

l slash

Ł

L slash

MAC

MAC

inaccessible

inaccessible

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

inaccessible

inaccessible

HTML

HTML

&lslash; or ł

&Lslash; or Ł

þ

Þ

thorn (Old English)

Thorn (Old English)

MAC

MAC

inaccessible

inaccessible

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0254

ALT 0222

HTML

HTML

þ; or þ

Þ; or Þ

10

Isolated accents Separated accents|spacing & non-spacing

< NOTE

´ ` ˆ ˇ ˘ ˜ ˛ ¸ ˙ ˚ ¯ ¨ ˝ acute

grave

circumflex

caron

breve

tilde

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

MAC

SHIFT OPTION e

SHIFT OPTION u

SHIFT OPTION i

SHIFT OPTION t

SHIFT OPTION . [period]

SHIFT OPTION n

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

WINDOWS

ALT 0180

ALT 0168

ALT 0136

inaccessible

inaccessible

ALT 0152

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

HTML

´ or ´

` or