Sport & Recreation Industries - Skills Active

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Sport & Recreation Industries

Workforce Scan 2016

Introduction from the CE

4

Skills Active’s Role and Purpose

8

Stakeholder Map

10

Document Overview

12

Executive Summary

14

Workforce Action Plan

18

Overview of Industries

22

Full Profile of Industries

30

Fitness and Exercise Scan

40

Sport and Community Recreation Scan

52

Outdoor Recreation Scan

64

Snow Sports Scan

Contents

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

2

Skills Active Aotearoa

Contents

1

Introduction from the Chief Executive

While sport and recreation may be written off by some as ‘just for leisure’, the large number of people involved emphasises the importance of these industries to our nation. Employing close to 78,000 people, assisted by nearly 1,000,000 unpaid workers, the collective impact on wellness, prosperity and communities is profound. Sport New Zealand has shown that the dollar value of our sport and recreational pursuits is approximately $3.9 billion to the New Zealand Gross Domestic Product (GDP). If we extend the definition to include contributions of volunteers in the industry, the value increases to $4.95 billion (2015). However, to maintain this strength of contribution, we need a talented workforce. This is increasingly challenging as other industries compete for the best employees. We have passionate people, incredible environments in which to work and our workers can see tangible outcomes in the people they interact with through their improved lives. In the current competitive market for talent, this is not enough.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

As a group of industries, we need to understand and deal with the aspects of employment that make us less competitive for staff. As this report shows, some of those factors include: a large number of part-time, volunteer and seasonal job roles, fewer qualified workers, low pay rates, high staff turnover and a younger worker profile – meaning not many stay around for lengthy careers. We are also not attracting as many Māori, Pasifika and Asian people to our industries as are represented in the NZ population.

Role Skills Active Aotearoa Ltd is the Industry Training Organisation (ITO) for the Community Recreation and Sport, Outdoor Recreation (including Diving), Fitness & Exercise and Snowsport industries. We are also carrying out standard-setting and qualification development work in some areas of the Performing Arts industry under a broad definition of community recreation as there is no ITO that currently has that scope.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Sport, fitness, snow sports, outdoor and community recreation are intrinsically linked to the Kiwi identity. As New Zealanders, we are involved in these industries as participants, spectators, officials and supporters. As individuals and as communities, our enjoyment and participation makes us healthier in body and mind as well as strengthening our relationships.

Skills Active Aotearoa

Welcome to the 2016 workforce scan of the sport and recreation industries. The businesses in these industries are diverse in nature and those operators are facing a range of workforce development issues. We have worked with industry representatives to identify the issues and consider the opportunities and challenges ahead.

For Skills Active to help build a highly qualified workforce and to understand the training needs across the country, we have commissioned reports and surveys of industry workplaces. This document represents the summary of these workforce scans of our industries. We have done this work to provide direction and focus to our industry bodies and workplaces in terms of workforce planning and development. We aim to work with our partners and stakeholders to promote skills development, qualifications, and career opportunities for those wanting to join our industries and those wanting to develop their careers within our industries. We hope that you get value from our findings. We look forward to hearing your feedback and thoughts as we work to ensure that sport and recreation in New Zealand reaches its potential in the years ahead. Together we can ensure New Zealanders continue to benefit from great sport and recreation opportunities and, just as importantly, we have passionate, skilled and career-driven staff realising those opportunities.

Grant Davidson Chief Executive

2

Introduction from the Chief Executive

Role and Purpose

3

Purpose

Our industries’ first choice as a partner for workforce development.

To build a highly qualified workforce in the sport, fitness, community recreation, outdoor recreation, diving and snow sport industries, leading to productive and sustainable organisations that provide quality services to New Zealand.

Skills Active Aotearoa

Skills Active Aotearoa

Vision

Approach We will be leaders and role models of:

SERVICE EXCELLENCE

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

BICULTURALISM

Our actions will be driven by our core values:

we do what is right

4

Role and Purpose

we are true to ourselves

Role and Purpose

we demonstrate respect and care

5

Skills Active Aotearoa

Is recognised as the one-stop-shop for planning, developing and supporting careers in our industries.

Strategic Themes Our strategic outcomes will be achieved through our actions targeting the following themes: Skills Active Aotearoa

Strategic Outcomes Continues to grow as a strong organisation; relevant and valued by our industries and supported by all our stakeholders. Leads and innovates workforce development in our industries.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Workforce solutions are developed that are led and endorsed by industry.

6

Role and Purpose

Role and Purpose

7

SNOW SPORTS

PERFORMING ARTS

LOCAL GOVT

MBIE

SPORT NZ

NZQA

DOC

TNZ

TEC

MoE

MoCH

GOVERNMENT, REGULATIONS & FUNDING

NATIONAL ORGANISATIONS (EXAMPLES OF)

EXERCISE NZ REPs NZ PT COUNCIL

NZRA SPORT NZ PENZ SPORTNET NROs WATER SAFETY NZ NSOs YMCA

RSTs

PRIVATE EVENT COMPANIES

RSOs SCHOOLS

OPERATORS & EMPLOYERS

SPORTS CLUBS

MANDATE NZ SNOWSPORTS COUNCIL SAANZ NZSIF NZSIA

CREATIVE NZ ETNZ EVANZ DANZ PERFORMING ARTS GROUPS

LEISURE CLUBS

SNOWSPORT AREAS

ENTERTAINMENT VENUES

UNIFORM GROUPS

TOURISM OPERATORS

INSTRUCTORS

GUIDES

TECHNICIANS

TECHNICIANS

LOCAL GOVT

COMMERCIAL / TOURISM OPERATORS

OUT OF SCHOOL CARE PROVIDERS

SWIMMING POOLS

COMMUNITY ORGANISATIONS

RECREATION CENTRES

PERSONAL TRAINERS

OUTDOOR EDUCATORS (NON-PROFIT)

LOCAL GOVT GYMS

LOCAL IWI GROUPS

SCHOOLS

MĀORI SPORTS

SAFETY AUDITORS

SERVICE

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

8

SKILLS ACTIVE AOTEAROA NZRA NZMSC NZOIA NZ RIVERS ASSOCIATION TIANZ NZ DIVE COUNCIL LANDSAR EONZ ONZ NZMGA CHRISTIAN CAMPING UNIFORM GROUPS

Skills Active Aotearoa

OUTDOOR RECREATION

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

FITNESS & EXERCISE

Skills Active Aotearoa

Stakeholder Map

INDUSTRIES

PERFORMERS

EMPLOYEES & VOLUNTEERS EMPLOYEES, VOLUNTEERS & PARTICIPANTS

Stakeholder Map

EDUCATION PROVIDERS PARTICIPANTS

Stakeholder Map

9

Document Overview

METHODOLOGY workplaces tools to identify and respond to skill deficits in their staff so they can grow their businesses. We used the following methods for the basis of this work: Skills Active Aotearoa

Skills Active Aotearoa

To understand the training needs across the industries, Skills Active commissioned a number of reports and carried out surveys of workplaces. These research efforts used both quantitative (surveyed data and statistics) and qualitative data (interviews, case studies, and so on) to result in the findings outlined in these workforce scans. These findings have identified workforce trends, issues, and risks that theindustries are facing. We have outlined our response to these in our Workforce Development Plan. Initiatives in this plan include designing fit-for-purpose qualifications, delivering these in innovative ways to people in the workforce, and giving

• Engaged economic analyst company Infometrics to collate and analyse industry data including census data. • Collated previous survey data from industry partners such as Sport NZ, Ski Area Association of NZ, and Outdoors NZ. • Ran a survey using SurveyMonkey to Skills Active shareholders, key stakeholders and industry members.

WORKFORCE SCAN BREAKDOWN

Introduction Industry Profile Workforce Profile Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Impact

Our hope for this document is that it provides information, context and food for thought for both those working in the industry but also for those who are interested participants, volunteers and contributors. Our aim is to see a highly qualified workforce to deliver the best experience.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Following the Full Profile of Industries, each workforce scan is broken down as below:

Participation | Economic Tourism | Health | Social Trends / Issues / Risks Political | Economic | Social | Technological Training Environment All sources for the data are footnoted throughout the document.

10

Document Overview

Document Overview

11

Executive Summary The sport, fitness & exercise, snow sports, outdoor and community recreation industries in New Zealand are in good health. Employing close to 78,000 people and contributing approximately $4.95 billion to the economy (including volunteer contributions), physical activity represents a significant value to the country.

From a community and individual level, the various industries provide a positive contribution to personal health, wellness and engagement. In this document, we have completed scans of the industries that Skills Active works with, in order to understand both the current and future opportunities and challenges.

FULL PROFILE OF INDUSTRIES We have considered the overall value to New Zealand, taking into account participation, volunteer and turnover numbers and metrics. Emerging trends and risks (discussed in more detail throughout the subsequent workforce scans) are identified and noted.

The key trends that we have identified throughout the detailed analysis is that of the profile of the people that we work with across the following industries:

FITNESS AND EXERCISE SCAN

20% SPORT & RECREATION

SPORT AND COMMUNITY RECREATION SCAN

TOTAL ECONOMY 10%

0%

15–19

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

react quickly to user demand. 6,636 people were employed in the industry in 2014, representing 0.3% of the total workforce; a number which is predicted to climb to 8,000 employees by 2019.

Skills Active Aotearoa

EMPLOYMENT BY AGE

The fitness and exercise industry is a highly competitive market, with approximately 400 – 600 health and fitness centres in New Zealand. New trends such as 24-hour facilities, hard-core classes and increased use of technology have seen the industry

65+

Sport and community recreation can be divided into facilities (indoor and outdoor), programmes and events and coaching / officiating / athletes. Spanning public, notfor-profit and private organisations, the industry employed 31,979 people in 2014.

There is a large part-time and volunteer base (in excess of 1,000,000 adults volunteered in 2013-4) that supports the industry, which can present challenges in regards to turnover of personnel.

OUTDOOR RECREATION SCAN REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND GROWTH

B GDP

201 4— 3 ,33 25

4.95

$

AUCKLAND

33%

2004 24,057

% of New Zealand Sport & Recreation employment in 2014

9,8

13

%

2 37

4,

9,0

12%

48%

7,976

19,692

7,0 WAIKATO

9.3%

25

FEMALE

94

WELLINGTON

MALE

322.7%

8,850

OVERALL GENDER

52%

REST OF NZ

63

CANTERBURY

5,597

TOTAL ECONOMY MALE

51%

12

FEMALE

49%

educators, commercial outdoor operators and leisure groups. In 2014, those three groups represented 2,493 businesses, employing 10,379 people. There is a strong reliance amongst the outdoor educators and leisure groups on both their volunteer base and funding opportunities.

SNOW SPORT SCAN

2.3% OF NEW ZEALAND'S GDP IN 2014

SPORT & RECREATION

Strongly associated with the ‘kiwi identity’, outdoor recreation includes the leisure, recreational and sporting activities that offer locals and tourists alike so much enjoyment such as tramping, camping, biking, boating, and so on. The outdoor recreation industry comprises of outdoor

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

OVERALL ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 66,172 — 2014 78,000 APPROX

Executive Summary

Whether skiing, snowboarding or cross country skiing, the snow sport industry is a key component of New Zealand’s local and international tourism. The snow sport industry is primarily commercially focused; employing approximately 3,500 full time (seasonal) workers. While a season's success is dictated by the presence of snow, and there is large variability in the market, the season now typically lasts for

16 weeks due to snowmaking technology and support. However, snowsport operators are looking for opportunities to manage a return on their investment in facilities for the remainder of the year, which has resulted in a drive to use the facilities year round (including introducing mountain biking, luging, guided walks, star gazing and sightseeing operations).

PERFORMING ARTS Skills Active has recently begun to service this industry. Where possible and relevant we have included research and information to provide context. The industry was

Executive Summary

surveyed by Infometrics and according to their data the it contributed $1,832 million or 0.9% of the GDP.

13

WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active, Sport NZ and NZRA

WORKFORCE

PLANNING FRAMEWORK

WORKING AND VOLUNTEERING IN THE SPORT AND RECREATION SECTOR IN NEW ZEALAND

WORKFORCE ACTION PLAN Skills Active’s actions to enable a skilled and capable workforce. 3 year outlook

SKILLS ACTIVE STRATEGIC PLAN 3 year strategy document developed by Skills Active Board

SKILLS ACTIVE BUSINESS PLAN Annual Plan

INDUSTRY SPECIFIC BUSINESS PLANS

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Annual industry specific plans

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

14

Sport & Recreation Industries

INTERNAL FACING DOCUMENTS

Skills Active Aotearoa

Skills Active Aotearoa

Workforce Action Plan

WORKFORCE INDUSTRY SCAN

EXTERNAL FACING DOCUMENTS

Priorities As a result of the research and intelligence gathered through the e-scans, the following priorities have been identified by Skills Active as areas to be worked on for the industries to enable a skilled and capable workforce. 1

Viable career paths: Improve information about career opportunities available in the industries

2 Valued qualifications: Ensure qualifications reflect current and future skill requirements and the system is simplified for employers, workers and learners

Workforce Action Plan

Workforce Action Plan

3 Skilled and safe workforce: Assist the industry to be responsive to the increased public expectation of higher standards and increased safety 4 On-job qualifications accessible to all: Ensure vocational training system is relevant and appropriate for the industries employment demographics/trends (e.g. low retention, high turn-over, seasonality, young and mobile, volunteers) 5 Staff retained and recognised: Work with industry to reward and recognise staff to develop future leaders and retain skilled staff

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Priority Areas

1

VIABLE CAREER PATHWAYS Skills Active will support the industries to improve information about available career opportunities by:

2

b. Identifying roles, skill sets and career opportunities within our industries, including the connections between and to other industries

5



c. Promoting career pathways encourage ongoing participation by Māori and Pasifika



d. Developing programmes for school and other youth that promotes engagement in our industries career pathway

Skills Active will work with industry to reward and recognise staff to develop future leaders and retain skilled staff by:

Skills Active will ensure qualifications reflect current and future skills requirements by: a. Completing the Targeted Review of Qualifications (TRoQ) across the industries resulting in a new suite of relevant qualifications listed on the NZQF, including:

a. Developing and providing tools to industry to plan, develop and support careers

STAFF RETAINED AND RECOGNISED

VALUED QUALIFICATIONS

Responding to the need to ensure qualifications include an understanding of the link with health and wellbeing Responding to the need to ensure qualifications include outcomes relevant to an increased use of technology

– Responding to the need to ensure health and safety requirements are embedded across qualifications – Where there are existing industry awards that are value, align these to the NZQF qualifications b. Carrying out research on the return on investment for workplaces qualifying their staff c. Working with international partners to achieve international recognition for our industry qualifications

e. Developing and promoting New Zealand Apprenticeship programmes

a. Supporting graduation ceremonies to celebrate the achievement of NZQF graduates b. Supporting the recognition of star performers through industry award events c. Communicating and promoting success stories d. Promoting the value of recognising qualified staff with increase in remuneration and career progression

4

ON-JOB QUALIFICATIONS ACCESSIBLE FOR ALL Skills Active will ensure the vocational training system is relevant and appropriate for the industries by: a. Supporting Māori and Pasifika to achieve qualifications b. Providing varied workforce development solutions that are effective in various sizes and types of workplaces (programmes, assessment models, support mechanism and delivery modes) c. Providing continuing professional development (CPD) packages, outside the NZQF, where industry determines need

3

SKILLED AND SAFE WORKFORCE Skills Active will assist the industries to be responsive to the increased public expectation of higher standards and increase safety by: a. Supporting the development of NZQF programmes to produce skilled management and supervisory staff b. Promoting the recognition of qualifications as a benchmark for competency c. Providing tools where the industry can manage the currency of employees skills through registration (NZRRP) d. Providing a service where employers are supported to provide high standards of operation and quality delivery and can measure their safety systems against health and safety requirements (OutdoorsMark) e. Ensuring workers and management are skilled in health and safety.

16

Workforce Action Plan

Workforce Action Plan

17

Skills Active works with a diverse group of operators, who provide well planned, managed, promoted and delivered experiences to local and visiting populations. The tables over the next three pages describe the activities of operators within the various industries. This is a snapshot, and is not intended to act as an exhaustive or mutually exclusive list.

PERFORMING ARTS

SNOW SPORTS

OUTDOOR RECREATION

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

COMMERCIAL OPERATORS

Skills Active Aotearoa

LOCAL GOVT CITY & REGIONAL

SCHOOLS

COMMUNITY GROUPS (church & iwi/hapū)

REGIONAL SPORTS TRUSTS NATIONAL SPORTS ORGANISATIONS WHOLESALE & RETAIL

RENTAL SHOPS Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Overview of Industries

FITNESS & EXERCISE

Organisation Type

ENTERTAINMENT VENUES

NGOs

NON-PROFITS

CHARITABLE TRUSTS INCORPORATED SOCIETIES / CLUBS PHILANTHROPIC TRUSTS

18

Overview of Industries

Overview of Industries

19

PERFORMING ARTS

SNOW SPORTS

OUTDOOR RECREATION

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

FITNESS & EXERCISE

PERFORMING ARTS

Workforce Characteristics SNOW SPORTS

OUTDOOR RECREATION

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

FITNESS & EXERCISE

Services & Activities

FULL-TIME EMPLOYEES

GROUP CLASSES PERSONAL TRAINING / GUIDING / COACHING

PART-TIME EMPLOYEES SELF-EMPLOYED CONTRACTORS

COMPETITIONS

PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES

REFEREEING / JUDGING EVENT MANAGEMENT

VOLUNTEERS

INDOOR FACILITIES MANAGEMENT

SEASONAL LABOUR

PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES

HIGH TURNOVER

OUTDOOR FACILITIES MANAGEMENT

CASUAL LABOUR

PERSONAL & SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

(Holiday Programmes)

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Skills Active Aotearoa

EDUCATION

RECREATION EVENTS TOURISM / SIGHT-SEEING ENTERTAINMENT EQUIPMENT HIRE MAHI HAUORA TE AO TŪROA TOI MĀORI MĀORI SPORTS & CULTURAL EVENTS 20

Overview of Industries

Overview of Industries

21

Just over 29% of all adults and approximately 45% of kids aged 10–18 volunteer each year. This contribution is valued at $1,030 million.

5.3 %

73%

KIDS YOUNGER THAN 10

The sport and recreation Industries are complex and diverse with over 25,000 operators, of which most are small to medium businesses. On average, operators employed 3.2 people in 2014; compared to the average business unit in the wider economy, which employed 4.3 people in the same year1. A smaller number of businesses in the industry are large employers, such as Councils and snowsport area operators who employ considerably more people.

53 %

6.5 %

APPROX 6 IN 20 ADULTS (18+)

NON VOLUNTEERING

73%

27%

VOLUNTEERING

NON VOLUNTEERING KIDS 10–18

6.5%

5.3%

VOLUNTEERING KIDS 10–18

NON VOLUNTEERING ADULTS 18+

53

21.7

VOLUNTEERING ADULTS 18+

4

Full Profile of Industries

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

7% 21.

27%

Sport and recreation professionals are in it for more than just the money

Infometrics

22

For these groups reliance on volunteers is largely what sustains their activities and ensures on-going safe and enjoyable experiences for their participants. This can also place them under considerable financial pressure to meet the cost of training and retaining those volunteers.

Kiwis love to volunteer their time

2 1

Almost 1,000,000 New Zealand adults2 and around 45% of all boys and girls aged 10–183 volunteer each year. That volunteer contribution was conservatively valued at $1,030 million in 20154.

%

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Across the industries, there is a mix of full-time, part-time, seasonal, contract workers and volunteers. In addition to the mixed-delivery model blending profit and purpose, operators often cross boundaries in terms of what they deliver. For example, it is common for a Council to offer fitness, exercise, sporting and community recreation opportunities from various facilities that they either manage or own. Other examples include the likes of a fitness centre that provides access to a gym and trainers; but also offers members opportunities to participate in corporate sports leagues.

A high number of the incorporated societies and charitable trusts within the industries deliver personal development opportunities to young people. Examples include over 15,000 sports clubs, 18 regional sports trusts and 40 Christian camps. Most of these organisations are reliant on government, gaming and philanthropic funding. As a result, they tend to employ fewer paid staff and are heavily reliant on volunteers.

Skills Active Aotearoa

The operators range from being successful businesses through to not-for-profit incorporated societies and charitable trusts. Other than the snowsport industry (which is primarily business), the other industries tend to have a blended objective of profit and social outcomes.

13.5

Introduction

Full Profile of Industries

%

%

APPROX 9 IN 20 KIDS (10–18)

= $1,030m

3 Sport NZ Active NZ Survey 2013/2014 Sport NZ Young People’s Survey 2010/2011 Dalziel, Paul, 2015, The Economic and Social Value of Sport and Outdoor Recreation to New Zealand: Updated Data, for Sport NZ AERU, Lincoln University

Full Profile of Industries

23

Overall Gender

Regional Employment

SPORT AND RECREATION FEMALE

52

48%

% TOTAL ECONOMY

AUCKLAND

MALE

FEMALE

51

49

%

Skills Active Aotearoa

33%

%

Overall Age

25,333

74.2

9.2%

WAIKATO

6,833

Skills Active Aotearoa

MALE

%

NORTH ISLAND

20% SPORT & RECREATION TOTAL ECONOMY

12%

10%

WELLINGTON REGION

9,094 15–19

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

CANTERBURY

9,863

65+

13%

Total Employment by Sector

SOUTH ISLAND

25.8%

6,636

FITNESS & EXERCISE

OTAGO

31,979

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

10,379

OUTDOOR RECREATION

6.6%

4,996

3,500

SNOW SPORTS

25,355

PERFORMING ARTS

24

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

0%

Full Profile of Industries

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 66,172 — 2014 78,000 APPROX

Full Profile of Industries

25

Workforce Profile

Refer to the individual industry profile sections for more detailed information.

6,636

FITNESS & EXERCISE

31,979

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

10,379

OUTDOOR RECREATION

3,500

SNOW SPORTS

25,355

PERFORMING ARTS

TOTAL PAID EMPLOYEES 77,849

Value to New Zealand PARTICIPATION 2,500,000 New Zealand adults take part in some form of physical activity each week 5, with around 99% of boys and girls taking part in one or more activities delivered by at least one of the industries Skills Active is working with, at least once a year6. Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

In addition to this local participation, significant numbers of international tourists travel to New Zealand each year to ski or undertake some form of outdoor adventure activity. For example, from June 2012 to July 2013, 88% of international visitors on holiday/vacation reported they had spent time walking and trekking during their visit7.

INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTION TO GDP IN 2014

ECONOMIC

44

56%

vs.

%

Work undertaken by Professor Paul Dalziel on behalf of Sport NZ estimated the broadly defined market value of sport and recreation in New Zealand in 2013 to be $3.6 billion or 1.9% of GDP. Taking the value of volunteer services into account increased the figure to $4.3 billion or 2.2% of GDP. Further to this, it is estimated that workers who are physically active work on average 1.8 days more per year than their inactive counterparts8. This study did not include the arts and culture industry. Since that time there has been increased central and local government investment in the industries, more investment by the snowsport area operators and increased investment in marketing and promotion of events.

$460m

0.2% OF THE GDP

Skills Active Aotearoa

Skills Active Aotearoa

While average earnings across the various industries have increased over the past decade, in 2013 they were still 7-15% behind the average earnings in the total economy. In reality the part-time, often seasonal nature of the industries, sees many earning less than this, with figures somewhat skewed by the relatively high salaries paid to professional sports people, high performance coaches and sport and recreation planners and policy makers.

PAID EMPLOYEES

$2,279m 1.1% OF THE GDP

Industry contribution to GDP in 20149 • Sport and community recreation – $2,279 million this equates to 1.1% of GDP. • Fitness and exercise – $460 million this equates to 0.2% of GDP. • Outdoor recreation – $744 million this equates to 0.35% of GDP. These assessments do not include volunteer contribution.

$744m

0.35% OF THE GDP

Snowsport

Over half of all New Zealanders exercise weekly.

Due to the seasonal nature of the snowsport industry, the Infometrics data is not suitable for use as it only captures full year employment information. The data for this industry has been collated directly through a survey distributed by the Ski Areas Association of New Zealand (SAANZ) in 2010. Perfoming arts The performing arts industry was surveyed by Infometrics and according to their data the industry contributed $1,832 million or 0.9% of the GDP. Skills Active has just recently begun to work with this industry. It will be taking initiatives to carry out further research in order to provide better information and service in the near future.

88%

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

The table on the right shows the total people in paid employment across the industries we work with (total: 77,849 people):

$1,832m 0.9% OF THE GDP

INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS TREK OR WALK

5

Sport NZ Active NZ Survey 2013/2014

26

6

Sport NZ YPS 2010/2011

7

MBIE, International Visitor Survey, 2013

Full Profile of Industries

8 9

Dalziel, Paul, 2015, The Economic and Social Value of Sport and Outdoor Recreation to New Zealand: Updated Data, for Sport NZ AERU, Lincoln University Infometrics

Full Profile of Industries

27

SOCIAL • A study of the five Southern Lakes snowsport areas boasts a total of 625,198 skier days in 2005, of which 578,308 were estimated to be from outside of the region.11

New Zealand’s successful securing of the hosting of a number of sporting world cups over the past decade (including Rugby, Cricket, Mountain Biking, Triathlon and U20 Football) has seen a steady stream of international tourists to our shores.



The Rugby World Cup (2011) saw 133,000 tourist arrivals from July to October in that year, with an associated tourist spend of $387 million10.

Adventure outdoor activities continue to be high on the wish list of many international tourists and are a key component of the offerings and attractiveness of regions like Queenstown Lakes District and Rotorua.

In December 2014 Regional Facilities Auckland (RFA) forecast that by summer’s end RFA venues would have attracted more than 260,000 fans to various programmes, with close to 40% of them from outside the region.

HEALTH

12

The benefits of leadership development and experiential learning opportunities in the outdoors sees Education Outside The Classroom (EOTC) forming part of the curriculum and is used as a tool for learning in all areas of the curriculum; not just health and Physical Education (PE).

According to the Ministry of Health, Māori and Pasifika adults and children are over represented in the obesity-related health statistics. Māori adults are 2.5 times more likely than non-Māori to die of cardiovascular disease and twice as likely to be hospitalised as a result of it. Both Pasifika adults and children are 2.5 times more likely to be obese than non-Pasifika, which in turn increases the rate of type 2 diabetes. As the burdens of these statistics become better understood, more iwi and church groups are offering more activities for their people.

Physical inactivity costs NZ $686m every year, which is 4.5% of total health care expenditure. 10

There are an increasing number of older people who need to and wish to remain physically active. With this comes an increased demand for recreation, exercise and aquatic training and qualifications for the aged care workforce.

4.5%

ANNUAL HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURE

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

It is estimated that 2,000–3,000 people die in New Zealand each year through physical inactivity, which, according to the NZ Medical Association in 2006, is at a cost of around $686 million per annum12.

With increasing rates of obesity and obesity related health conditions there is government pressure on the industries to offer different forms of physical activity to step up and have a positive impact on the poor health statistics.

As initiatives in Wellington both at the ASB Sports Centre and Waitangi Skate Park have shown, physical activity opportunities have been measured and found to have a positive impact on tagging and other youth offending.

$686m

The positive impact of physical activity on such conditions as cardio vascular disease, type 2 diabetes, depression and anxiety and some cancers is recognised worldwide and has been actively promoted in New Zealand through the medical profession’s adoption of Green Prescription, launched in 1998 by SPARC (now Sport NZ). Campaigns like Sport NZ’s national physical activity campaign Push Play that ran for a decade from 1999 and the Ministry of Health’s mental health awareness campaign Like Minds Like Mine launched in 1997 are other examples of governmentfunded interventions to decrease the cost of poor health.

Increasing calls for efficiencies and cost savings has seen the Sportville or ‘hubbing’ concept adopted throughout New Zealand. This sees a number of different communities and groups (ranging from sport, fitness, community recreation or non-active recreation), all housed in the same space. The effect of this is to pull communities together in much the way traditional sports clubs used to do. More fitness centres and clubs are recognising the benefits of providing social events outside of the activities they provide as part of their business to encourage support and motivation across all of their customers.

Skills Active Aotearoa

All of the industries that Skills Active works with make substantial contributions to either international or domestic tourism (with the exception of the fitness & exercise industry).

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

TOURISM

MBIE International Tourist Report 11 NZTRI 2005 9 Lal A, et al. Health care and lost productivity costs of overweight and obesity in New Zealand. Aust NZ

28

Full Profile of Industries

Full Profile of Industries

29

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL ECONOMY

ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION

460

FITNESS AND EXERCISE

1.6%

m

$

5.5%

GDP

0.2% OF NEW ZEALAND'S GDP

GROWTH PER ANNUM

EMPLOYMENT BY AGE 20% FITNESS & EXERCISE TOTAL ECONOMY 10%

0%

15–19

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

DEMOGRAPHIC OF EMPLOYEES

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

65+

REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND GROWTH 201 4— 80 2,4

AUCKLAND

37%

TOTAL ECONOMY FITNESS & EXERCISE

57%

PERCENT FULL-TIME IN 2013

76%

2014 1,710

% of New Zealand Outdoor Recreation employment in 2014

1,1

75

Fitness and Exercise

Industry Snapshot

WELLINGTON

18%

9.7%

FITNESS AND EXERCISE

63%

WAIKATO

7.7%

561 1,193 51

2

FEMALE

MALE

37%

295

TOTAL ECONOMY MALE

51%

FEMALE

49%

1,8

64

27

CANTERBURY

REST OF NZ

25.6%

2

GENDER

789

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 4,548 — 2014 6,636

The Exercise Association of New Zealand estimates that there are approximately 400–600 health and fitness centres in New Zealand. Around one-third of those are individual activity specialist studios like Pilates, yoga and personal training, with the balance made up of more traditional centre models. Over 40 councils own or manage fitness and exercise facilities, as do 5 out of the total 18 regional sports trusts.

There is also the currently small, but rapidly rising, use of technology based exercise provision. The use of online personal trainers (PTs) and devices such as the “Fitbit” are widely known and used. Some gym chains have also provided PTs with technology to deliver online training to their clients (e.g. CityFitness).

The Fitness & Exercise industry is centred around leading and instructing physical activity, for either individuals or for groups.

COMMERCIAL ORGANISATIONS

Local Authorities (Councils) Typically within Leisure centres providing a range of services including a gym. Included in these can be commercial contractors such as CLM and YMCA for Auckland Council.

Gym chains, which have multiple branches e.g. Jetts, Les Mills, CityFitness, etc. Regional and local gyms, individual Personal Training services, Yoga studios, etc. OTHER



Being regularly active helps people to get fitter and feel healthier, while also giving them an opportunity to connect with those in the community with similar interests. This all contributes to an overall feeling of wellness.

Community exercise providers from churches, marae, walking groups, weight loss organisations, etc.

The Exercise Association of New Zealand estimates that there are approximately 400–600 health and fitness centres in New Zealand.

Most services are offered through gyms and facilities that are run as businesses; however, the numbers of community-based fitness services (including iwi and church groups) are increasing.

As well as the health benefits, we know that being fit and active positively impacts our overall wellbeing.

PARTICIPANTS & MEMBERS



In 2014 there were 1,361 fitness & exercise business units, which equates to 0.3% of the total business units in New Zealand and has increased from 1,040 fitness & exercise business units five years earlier. Business growth for the industry has been 5.5% per annum compared with 1.6% per annum in the total economy. Each business unit employs an average of 4.9 people. While this is a decrease from the 2009 figure of 5.5 employees, it is still more than the average New Zealand business unit, which employed 4.3 people in 201413.

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL ECONOMY

1.6%

FITNESS & EXERCISE

5.5%

GROWTH PER ANNUM 13

32

Fitness and Exercise

Infometrics

Fitness and Exercise

Skills Active Aotearoa

The industry is one of the most nimble to react to the changing needs of its current and potential markets, with the growth of 24-hour facilities like Jetts and Snap, hard-core classes like CrossFit and boot camps and outdoor provision of services at beaches and parks. There is an unknown number of exercise-based activities run from churches, marae, and led by private individuals running activities such as walking groups.

Fitbit Charge HR

The industry is a highly competitive one with smaller boutique businesses; sole operators, big chains, franchises and council owned and/or operated facilities all competing for clients. While traditionally fitness and exercise providers have been trying to make a profit, the increasing involvement of the health sector and health providers is seeing a change to this approach, putting more pressure on the for-profit operators trying to attract and retain business.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Introduction

Industry Profile

33

Workforce Profile

Workforce Make Up

The Fitness & Exercise industry is one of the fastest growing in the New Zealand economy.

In 2013, 63% of those employed in this industry were female. While this is considerably higher in proportion than the 49% of females employed in the total workforce, it is a decrease from the 64.8% of females that were employed in the same industry in 200917.



There were 6,636 people employed in the industry in 2014, representing 0.3% of the total workforce.

MALE

37

63% TOTAL ECONOMY



FEMALE

MALE

49%

51

%

FILLED JOBS IN INDUSTRY

The strength of the industry growth is predicted to continue by an average of 4.6% per annum compared to the predicted growth of the total economy of 1.7% per annum. Over this period, employment is expected to peak at 8,308 in 201915.

FEMALE

%

2014

2004

6,636

4,548

DEMOGRAPHIC OF EMPLOYEES

TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT

In 2014, 15.9% of the industry was self-employed.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND GROWTH16

While this is lower than the total economy’s self-employment rate (16.5%), the numbers of self-employed in this industry have been increasing while the number of selfemployed in the total economy has been decreasing18.

6,636 people were employed in the industry in 2014. • Auckland region 37%

37

WELLINGTON

18%

20 14 —

%

20 04

80 2,4

• Wellington region 18%

AUCKLAND

TOTAL ECONOMY

76%

75

1,1

• Canterbury region 9.7% 789

1,710

• Waikato region 7.7%

REST OF NZ

25.6%

FITNESS & EXERCISE

57%

1,8

27

1,193 561

WAIKATO

7.7

%

51

PERCENT FULL-TIME IN 2013

2

9.7

%

2

CANTERBURY

64

295

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

The industry continues to be growing faster than many other parts of the New Zealand economy with a 3.1% increase in the numbers employed in the industry in the five years to 2014 compared with 0.3% in the total economy. Much of the growth has been driven by the increasing demand for one-on-one instruction, the aging population, and the growth in the health market. This has led to a 66% increase in the number of fitness instructors over the 10 years from 200414.

FITNESS & EXERCISE

Skills Active Aotearoa

There were 6,636 people employed in the industry in 2014, representing 0.3% of the total workforce. Skills Active Aotearoa

GENDER

From an industry perspective this may well be a reflection of the increasing number of personal trainers (PTs) and operators working outside of traditional fitness centres who are using parks and open spaces to run their businesses. There is also market movement to use contracted PTs and group fitness instructors.

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 4,548 — 2014 6,636 14

Infometrics

34

15

Infometrics

16

Infometrics

17

Fitness and Exercise

Informetrics

18

Informetrics

Fitness and Exercise

35

Workforce Make Up

Impact

SKILL LEVEL

PARTICIPATION

In 2014 there were more low skilled workers in the industry (75%) than the total economy (38.7%), yet 49.8% of people in the industry had a level 4 qualification or higher, 4.1% more than the total economy 19.

743,000 New Zealand adults participated in equipment-based exercise over a 12 month period (2013-14). This makes equipment-based exercise the fourth most popular activity that New Zealanders participated in during that period. This includes exercycles, treadmills and weights at home and at the gym.

16% of kiwis exercised using gym equipment

Anecdotally, it seems that Personal Trainers, Pilates and Yoga Instructors typically earn significantly more per hour than the average – $40 to $65 per hour – compared to the industry average of approximately $22 per hour, but because they only work part-time they earn less per week than those working the average 40-hour week.

ECONOMIC

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

There are nearly twice as many 20–24 year olds employed in the fitness & exercise industry than the total workforce.

There are also more 15–19 and 25–39 year olds employed in this industry, than in the total workforce.

20% FITNESS & EXERCISE TOTAL ECONOMY

0%

15–19

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

Infometrics

36

20

Infometrics

0.2% OF NEW ZEALAND'S GDP IN 2014

2,000–3,000 New Zealanders die each year as a result of physical inactivity, which is estimated to cost $686 million per annum23.

With many operators providing group sessions for their clients, the exercise areas used provide a place where people can socialise.

The health benefits of physical activity have been increasingly promoted by health professionals in New Zealand since the introduction of Green Prescriptions in 1998 by SPARC (now known as Sport NZ). It is predicted that over 50,000 New Zealanders will be seeking physical activity and nutrition advice and support in 2015 through Green Prescription24.

With the competitive nature of activities like ‘Boot Camps’ and ‘CrossFit’ and the increasing numbers of health related workout groups such as ‘Heart Health’ and ‘Green Prescriptions’, exercise groups are increasingly becoming the social hub that sports club of old used to be. They provide an opportunity to keep people motivated and help them achieve their goals, which builds on the above health benefits by tapping into a client’s personal wish for self-improvement.

65+

24

Fitness and Exercise

m GDP

SOCIAL

21 19

$

HEALTH

As well as the positive impact on such health conditions as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which are increasingly common conditions for Māori and Pasifika25, physical activity is a key component of the Ministry of Health’s Like Minds, Like Mine campaign that is fronted by Sir John Kirwan.

10%

460

ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION

In 2014, the fitness and exercise industry made a contribution of $460 million to the New Zealand GDP, which equates to 0.2% of the overall GDP. Over the five years to 2014, GDP in the industry grew by 3.4% per annum compared to 1.6% per annum in the economy as a whole22.

EMPLOYMENT BY AGE

Gym membership has increased by 3% from 2007/2008: notable in this increase were Pasifika, whose gym membership increased by 7%, with a 3% increase in men and 4% increase in women. Asians were the only ethnic group that showed a small decrease of -0.8%. There were also increases in gym membership in all but the 16–24 year age group, which remained largely unchanged21.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Average earnings in 2013 were $30,918, which is considerably less than the $53,120 average earnings for the total economy. Annual average earnings in the industry have grown at a slower rate (3.2%) than the total economy (3.9%) over the past 10 years20.

Skills Active Aotearoa

EARNINGS

22 23 Sport NZ Active Survey 2013/14 Infometrics 9 Lal A, et al. Health care and lost productivity costs of overweight and obesity in New Zealand. Aust NZ Dr Jonathan Coleman press release Feb 2015 25 Ministry of Health

Fitness and Exercise

37

Training Environment

POLITICAL

SOCIAL

BARRIERS TO TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION COMPLETION

• An increasing Government focus on health issues: Opportunities for traditional operators as well as highlighting the need for health providers to have trained instructors. The industry has identified the need for specialist training in providing for client with health issues and an increasing elderly demographic26.

• Mobility of clientele and work/family commitments: Could adversely impact those traditional facility-based operations.

Barriers to training and qualification completion are mainly linked to the make-up of the industry:

On this basis the main barriers to staff undertaking training or qualification completion are:

• Small to medium operations.

• Cost of training and assessment.

• Community connectedness: The desire for people to connect with like minded, ethnic, health condition specific, age or social groups provides opportunities for the industry.

• Relatively young workforce.

• Access to and availability of suitable training/qualifications and assessors.

• Motivation styles: People’s natural competitive streaks provide opportunities for providers to develop activities that fit this niche, across the industry.

• Unavailability of in-house assessment in small organisations.

• Increased health and safety requirements: Against a background of regulations and increased costs, the increased need for qualifications and registration of exercise professionals may be seen. ECONOMIC • Increased music licensing costs: May adversely impact sole or small operations. Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

• Health and safety expectations: Growing legislative requirements around health and safety may lead to increased compliance and personal liability insurance costs. • Competing use of public space: Misuse or abuse of public spaces could see councils introduce concessionaire agreements and associated costs.

• Relatively low earnings but high expectations of younger staff.

• High staff turnover. • Quality of training.

Skills Active Aotearoa

• Increasing expectations of the health industry: As the Government expands health initiatives to address obesity, greater understanding of health conditions and ways to address them will be required.

• Mostly part-time/contractors.

• Limited workplace training capability and/or co-ordination.

CURRENT AND FUTURE SKILL NEEDS 28 While the majority of training in the industry is delivered in-house, with some of the bigger chains having highly respected and sought after training programmes, there are still a number of areas where the preferred option for training is through ITO training:

TECHNOLOGICAL • An increasing number of technological aids: The number of fitness apps and gadgets may have a range of impacts on the industry, depending on the approach taken by instructors and businesses.

• New technology and technical skills. • Customer service.

• Advancement in online learning/assessment: Provides an opportunity to provide more cost effective training and provide better monitoring and assessment.

• Health and safety. • Management and supervision. All skills covered by existing training will need to continue.

• An increase in mobile technology (such as tablets/iPhones): Provides many opportunities to reach across and through the industry, particularly with younger trainees27.

With the stronger and growing connections with health and increasing aging and Asian populations; specific cost effective training in the following areas will be necessary: • Interpersonal skills to deal with a breadth of people – health professionals through to elderly clients. • Understanding of how to communicate and work with different ethnic groups, including Māori, Pacific Island and Asian. • Understanding of specific health conditions and appropriate responses to them – obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, different cancers.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Trends / Issues / Risks

• Business skills – particularly for PTs to market and manage their own businesses.

• Nationalising of operations: More small operators may be forced out of business by the expansion of the bigger chains throughout the country, offering more options for training at reduced costs.

26

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

38

27

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

28

Fitness and Exercise

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

Fitness and Exercise

39

ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION

SPORT & RECREATION VS. TOTAL ECONOMY

m 2,279GDP

100%

$

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

TOTAL ECONOMY

50%

0%

1.1% OF NEW ZEALAND'S GDP

NO LOW SKILL QUALIFICATIONS LEVEL

MEDIUM SKILL LEVEL

HIGHLY SKILLED

EMPLOYMENT BY AGE 20% SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION TOTAL ECONOMY 10%

0%

15–19

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

65+

DEMOGRAPHIC OF EMPLOYEES

AUCKLAND

10,127 TOTAL ECONOMY

76%

WAIKATO

3,599

SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION

66%

WELLINGTON REGION

3,492

PERCENT FULL-TIME IN 2013

Sport & Community Recreation

Industry Snapshot

CANTERBURY

4,081 GENDER OTAGO

2,123

SPORTS & COMMUNITY RECREATION FEMALE

MALE

52%

48%

TOTAL ECONOMY

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 27,840 — 2014 31,979

MALE

51%

FEMALE

49%

29

An easy way to conceptualise this industry is to divide it into the following areas: FACILITIES (INDOOR AND OUTDOOR) Planning, management and operation of sport and recreation facilities (e.g. swimming pools, parks and open spaces).

The sport and community recreation industries enrich the lives of New Zealanders every day. Sport and recreation brings communities together – in teams, on the side-lines as spectators, in recreation facilities as users, and in recreation events as participants.

PROGRAMME AND EVENTS Planning, management, promotion and delivery of sport and recreation programmes and/or events.



Graduates of sport and recreation qualifications hold a range of transferable personal skills that can benefit a number of other industries and occupations.



COACHING/OFFICIATING/ATHLETES Coaching and officiating of sports teams and individual athletes.

Benefits from sport and recreation for New Zealand include: • • • •

Healthier and more productive society Stronger and more vibrant communities Increases in cultural and social wellbeing and cohesion Crime prevention.

Graduates of sport and recreation qualifications hold a range of transferable personal skills that can benefit a number of other industries and occupations. Self-management, planning, leadership, goal-setting, perseverance, and teamwork are some examples of skills that can be utilised in other fields. Participation in sport and other recreation has been shown to reduce juvenile crime and increase the motivation to work. This would ease the demand for justice sector resources and unemployment and other social welfare benefits29.

The sport and community recreation industries enrich the lives of New Zealanders every day.

TWO MAJOR INDUSTRY GROUPS LOCAL AUTHORITIES (PRIMARILY COUNCILS) • Ratepayer based, contributing $600–800 million annually to the provision of sport and recreation programmes, green spaces and facilities. • Estimated to have $7 billion invested in recreation and sports assets and employing a significant percentage of the industry workforce

(Sport NZ Economic and Social Value of Sport and Recreation). • Associated with this group are the various council-controlled organisations and private/ commercial operators working out of council owned facilities.

SPORT AND RECREATION PROVIDERS • Includes some commercial operators like Kelly Sports and Community Leisure Management but also extends to include many incorporated societies and not-for-profit trusts, delivering over 140 different sport and recreation opportunities. • These include over 150 national and regional sport and recreation organisations, 14 regional sports trusts, over 15,000 clubs, out of school caregivers, Pasifika church and community groups, health providers and an increasing number of iwi offering marae based traditional Māori activities.

• Many of these organisations are reliant on government, lotteries, philanthropic and gaming funding. With such a high reliance on external funding many have few paid workers and are heavily reliant on a large non-paid/ volunteer workforce, with almost one million adults volunteering each year (Sport NZ Active NZ survey 2013/2014). •

Historically, Skills Active has clustered culture, sport and recreation together, as has been the practice of Statistics New Zealand and the Ministry of Culture and Heritage. However this industry profile focuses on sport and community recreation and excludes arts and culture.

The government’s role in sport, fitness and leisure. Report to the Ministerial Taskforce on Sport, Fitness and Leisure. December 2000

42

Skills Active Aotearoa

The sport and community recreation industries are complex; comprising a range of public, not-for-profit, and private organisations that work at a local, regional, and national level.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Introduction

Industry Profile

Sport and Community Recreation

Sport and Community Recreation

43

Workforce Profile

Skills Active Aotearoa

Sport New Zealand Ministry of Culture and Heritage Te Puni Kōkiri Ministry of Education

Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment Ministry of Health Ministry of Social Development Internal Affairs (Lotteries)

Gaming trusts Community trusts Philanthropic trusts Commercial sponsorships Tertiary Education Commission

National Organisations NZ Recreation Association Local Government New Zealand Water Safety New Zealand

Entertainment Venues Association NZ National Sport Organisations

LOCAL AUTHORITIES (COUNCILS)

2004

2014

CHANGE

Other Sports Coach or Instruction

1,766

3,861

2,095

Swimming Coach or Instructor

1,136

2,286

1,150

Lifeguard

1,077

1,590

513

Sport Administrator

1,117

1,499

382

Corporate General Manager

370

474

104

Since 2009, employment growth in the industry has averaged 2.2% compared with growth in the total economy of 1.6%. This growth is predicted to continue over the next five years, but with dips predicted in 2017 and 201931.

In particular, the demand for coaches and swim instructors has more than doubled over the 2004 – 2014 period, with more schools looking for external coaching and/or senior students coaching and instructing in the absence of teacher provision.



SPORT & RECREATION PROVIDERS

Wet and dry facilities, sport grounds, entertainment and event venues, arenas and stadiums. Parks and open spaces, out of school care operators, recreation programmes and events.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

National Recreation Organisations Entertainment Technology NZ

JOB

Skills Active Aotearoa

Government/Community Funding Organisations

TOP FIVE JOBS IN THE SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION INDUSTRY

There were 31,979 people employed in the industry in 2014, representing 1.4% of the total workforce in New Zealand.

National, regional & local sports organisations, regional sport trusts, schools, commercial operators e.g. CLM, not-for-profit e.g. YMCA

VOLUNTEERS Community sport coaches, officials, administrators and programme or event personnel



Marae based sport recreation activities

Participants In 2014, there were 10,483 sport and community recreation business units, which comprises 2% of the total business units in New Zealand. While the average number of persons employed per business was 3, the larger councils who employ far more than that skew this. The industry has some large employers. For example Auckland Council employs around 2,000 staff to deliver 30

sport and recreation programmes and places and spaces. Many of this number are in the parks space, but numbers in the policy and planning areas are increasing. 20% of council budgets and staff are dedicated to the provision of sport and recreation, with the greatest investment in parks and facilities like pools and recreation centres.30

Long Term Plans, Auckland Council and Hamilton City Council

44

31

Sport and Community Recreation

Infometrics

Sport and Community Recreation

45

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Industry Profile

Workforce Make Up

REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT

GENDER

AGE OF ADULT VOLUNTEERS 32

In 2013, 52% of employees in the sport and community recreation industry were male and 48% were female.

32%

AUCKLAND

10,127

73.6

3,599

%

CANTERBURY

4,081

13

%

Because many volunteer to support activities their children are involved in, there is often a high turnover as they do not continue to volunteer beyond the involvement of their children. 3% more adults volunteered each year in 2013/2014, than in 2007/2008.

18–24

25–34

35–49

50–64

65+

CORE ROLES 100% MALE FEMALE

50%

The industry employs considerably more 15 – 24 year olds than the figures shown in the total economy (22.4%, compared with 13.7%).

WELLINGTON REGION

3,492

Whilst only 66% of the industry works full-time, and the rest part-time, there is a huge base supporting the industry with close to 1,000,000 volunteers.

AGE

11%

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

19.8% Skills Active Aotearoa

11%

NORTH ISLAND

SOUTH ISLAND

26.4%

This is to be expected, as roles such as lifeguards, coaches and community centre programme providers are often taken up by those who are still associated with the school and youth groups that they are delivering to. EMPLOYMENT BY AGE

0% COACH/TEACHER/ REFEREE/ ADMINISTRATOR/ TRAINER/ JUDGE/ SECRETARY/ INSTRUCTOR OFFICIAL/ COMMITTEE UMPIRE MEMBER

PARENT HELPER

NONE CORE ROLES

20%

OTAGO

2,123

SPORT & RECREATION

Of the 31,979 employees, 32% (10,127) were based in the Auckland region. 13% were based in Canterbury, with Wellington and Waikato regions both employing 11% respectively.

TOTAL ECONOMY

10%

The remaining third of employees in the industry (33%) were spread across the country. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 27,840 — 2014 31,979

15–19 32

46

25.7%

23.7%

TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT

WAIKATO

6.6%

26.8%

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

While the number of women employed in the industry has been increasing, that increase has not kept up with the rate of increase of women employed in the total economy.

39.2%

Sport and Community Recreation

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

65+

0%

Sport NZ Active NZ survey 2013/14

Sport and Community Recreation

47

SPORT & RECREATION VS. TOTAL ECONOMY

The average annual earnings in the industry in 2013 were $45,496, lower than average earnings in the total economy of $53,120.

100% SPORT & COMMUNITY RECREATION TOTAL ECONOMY

Annual average earnings in the industry have grown at a slower rate than the total economy over the past 10 years. Skills Active Aotearoa

50%

Unlike many parts of the world, participation rates in New Zealand have remained steady with 2.5 million adults taking part in sport and recreation in any given week (this figure includes outdoor recreation, exercise, snow sports and dance):

Each year in New Zealand, 2000–3000 deaths are attributable to physical inactivity.

• Almost all participants took part in their sport and recreation in one or more man-made facilities. • Just over 4 out of 10 participants received coaching or instruction, with young people 16–24 more likely to have received coaching or instruction than older adults.

SKILL AND QUALIFICATION LEVEL

0% NO QUALIFICATIONS

LOW SKILL LEVEL

MEDIUM SKILL LEVEL

HIGHLY SKILLED

• Almost 1 million adults and approximately 4 out of 10 boys and girls (aged 10–18) volunteer each year While some people still promote $sport-forsport’s-sake’, the links between recreation and sport with economic, tourism, health and social outcomes cannot be ignored.

• There are a considerably higher proportion of medium skilled workers than the total economy (54% to 13%).

ECONOMIC

• In 2013, only 12% of the people that worked in the industry had no qualifications compared to 16% in 2006. This is lower than the total workforce (13.6% in 2013 and 17.8% in 2006).

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

HEALTH

• 65.6% are interested in either trying a new sport/activity or doing more of an existing one.

The extremes of earnings for high performance coaches, professional sports players, planners and policy makers, somewhat distorts the reality for a large part of the industry, particularly those working for small organisations dependent on government and gaming funding and the one-third of the industry working less than 30 hours per week.

There are fewer low skilled workers in the industry (20%) than the total economy (39%)

PARTICIPATION34

In 2014, the sport and community recreation industry contributed $2,279 million to the New Zealand GDP, which equates to 1.1% of total GDP.

• In 2013 40.8% of the people employed in the industry had a level 4 qualification or higher compared to 45.7% of the total workforce33.

This shows a 0.5% per annum growth in the last five years which is less than the 1.6% per annum growth in the total economy35. TOURISM In the last 10 years New Zealand has been successful in securing the hosting of the Rugby World Cup, Triathlon World Series events, World Cricket Cup, Under 20 Football Championships and World Masters Games. With these events come a strong tourism component and increased interest in the activities following the events. Rugby World Cup 2011 saw 133,200 tourist arrivals between July to October 2011, spending some $387m during their stay.

33

34

Infometrics

48

Sport and Community Recreation

The Honourable Dr Jonathan Coleman (Minister for Health and Minister for Sport and Recreation), made it clear in his speech delivered to the Sport NZ Connections Conference in 2015 that the Government is looking to the industry to make a difference. Pasifika adults and children are over represented in these poor health statistics. Māori adults are 2.5 times more likely than their Pakeha counterparts to die of cardiovascular disease and twice as likely to be hospitalised as a result of it. Both Pasifika adults and children are 2.5 times more likely to be obese than non-Pasifika which in turn increase the rate of type 2 diabetes. It is predicted that this generation will be the first where children will, as a matter of course, die before their parents.

Skills Active Aotearoa

EARNINGS

Impact



Principal Youth Court Judge Andrew Becroft actively promotes the view that ‘a kid in sport is a kid out of court.’



SOCIAL

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Workforce Make Up

Within New Zealand many local sports clubs and recreation groups provide key social outcomes for the community. Sport and recreation increases social interaction, builds capacity and skills, and a shared sense of community and belonging for both participants and non-participants. This in turn leads to stronger, more resilient communities. Principal Youth Court Judge Andrew Becroft actively promotes the view that ‘a kid in sport is a kid out of court’36. In Wellington the installation of an official tagging wall at the Waitangi Skate Park has seen a reduction in tagging in other parts of the park and activity evenings at the ASB community sport and recreation centre on Friday nights has seen reduced Police involvement with the youth attending and increased numbers attending on a regular basis.

Sport NZ Active NZ 2013/2014 and Young Peoples 2010/2011 surveys

Sport and Community Recreation

35

Infometrics

36

Youth Court newsletter

49

Trends / Issues / Risks

Training Environment

POLITICAL

SOCIAL

BARRIERS TO TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION COMPLETION

• Change in local government priorities: Recent changes to the Local Government Act have seen a shift in priorities around investment in core council business, which may change and adversely effect the industry (particularly infrastructure) in the future.

• Other distractions: Sport and recreation is one of many competing opportunities available to fill people’s leisure time.

The industry has identified the biggest barrier to training and qualification completion to be cost, particularly the cost of:

• Pay to play: More New Zealanders are opting to pay for one off experiences rather than belonging to traditional clubs, with 35.2% opting to pay to play37.

• The training itself.

• Child Protection – Vulnerable Children Act: The emphasis on formalising recruitment processes, police vetting and child protection training requirements for people working with children in the industry may lead to increased costs and/ or deter people from putting themselves forward for roles that involve working with children. ECONOMIC • Reduced investment in sport and recreation: There is a risk that any reductions in external funding from agencies (such as Government or gaming foundations) may also impact on investment in the industry. Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

• Increased investment in health: This may lead to increased opportunities in the industry to address health issues, particularly for Māori and Pasifika. • Greater economic focus on Auckland: This could impact on investment in other regions. • Compliance costs: An increase in health and safety compliance costs could impact on the funds available to support training/qualifications. • Treaty settlements: With more Treaty settlements confirmed, physical and financial resources will be unlocked, which may open up opportunities for the industry to deliver to and/or support Māori. • Drive for efficiencies: Merging organisations, ‘hubbing’, Sportville projects and national/regional facility strategies may impact on the number and skill level of employees required. • Growth of large franchises in the Out of School Care industry: May impact on smaller providers and training costs for all. 37

• Changing demographics: With an aging population that has access to better health care, there are opportunities for more New Zealanders to stay active for longer. • Delivery of different or modified activities: An increasingly culturally diverse population may see a call for changes, and the need for skills to communicate and work with different ethnic groups (including Māori, Pacific Island and Asian). • Interest in existing/new activities: with the rising popularity of events (Iron Māori has seen numbers in one event alone increase from 300 to 3000 in four years) and new or existing activities (mountain biking, waka ama, kī-o-rahi) there will be increasing demand for more and new coaching/ instruction skills and more officials and administrators.

• Assessment for those small organisations where in-house assessment is not available.

• Staff availability and commitment. • There are difficulties in defining the return on investment in training. • Access to and availability of relevant training.

Skills Active Aotearoa

Skills Active Aotearoa

• Education Review Office (ERO) reporting: Increased demands on teachers’ time for reporting (particularly around ERO and and health and safety requirements) may affect teachers’ availability to coach, manage and officiate, which will place pressure on the industry.

• Having to roster on other staff to cover when people attend training.

• High turnover of staff – primarily younger/limit of hours of work available.

CURRENT AND FUTURE SKILL NEEDS Increased NZQF training is sought in the following areas:

• Sport coaching (aligned to Sport NZ Coaching Framework).

• Foundation skills/health and safety.

• Tikanga/Te Reo Māori.

• Management and supervisory.

• Out of school care.

• New technology.

• Facility operations.

• Customer service.

• Advanced aquatics.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

• Obesity epidemic: There is political pressure to reduce obesity rates and, subsequently, the associated health spend.

In addition to this, the industry reports the following as further barriers:

TECHNOLOGICAL • New apps/equipment: Could have either a positive or negative impact on the industry; with people using new technology such as ‘Fitbits’ to enhance their performance/experience or using technology such as PlayStation as a complete alternative to being active. • Advancement in online learning/ assessment: Provides an opportunity to provide more cost effective training and provide better monitoring and assessment. • An increase in mobile technology (such as tablets/iPhones): Provides many opportunities to reach across and through the industry, particularly with younger trainees.

Sport NZ Active NZ survey 2013/2014

50

Sport and Community Recreation

Sport and Community Recreation

51

Industry Snapshot DEMOGRAPHIC OF EMPLOYEES

REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND GROWTH

61 2,2

AUCKLAND

22%

2004 2,013

% of New Zealand Outdoor Recreation employment in 2014 OUTDOOR RECREATION

76

%

1,3

PERCENT FULL-TIME IN 2013

77%

TOTAL ECONOMY

WELLINGTON

13

%

REST OF NZ

98

44%

662

4,4

57

1,1 CANTERBURY

11%

Gender

71

894 2,836

1,0 OUTDOOR RECREATION

WAIKATO

10%

FEMALE

MALE

55

45

%

%

35 820

TOTAL ECONOMY

TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 7,967 — 2014 10,322

FEMALE

MALE

51%

49%

EMPLOYMENT BY AGE 20% OUTDOOR RECREATION TOTAL ECONOMY 10%

0%

15–19

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

OUTDOOR RECREATION TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

GROWTH PER ANNUM

OUTDOOR RECREATION

3.2%

TOTAL ECONOMY

1.6 %

Outdoor Recreation

2014 —

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

65+

ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION

744

$

0.35% OF NEW ZEALAND'S GDP

m GDP

CAMPING

BIKING

FISHING

HUNTING

BOATING

MOUNTAIN SPORTS

ADVENTURE TOURISM

WATER SPORTS

4WD DRIVING

HORSE RIDING

OUTDOOR EDUCATION

The industry has three distinct groups: OUTDOOR EDUCATORS

OUTDOOR LEISURE GROUPS

Secondary and tertiary institutions and nonprofit outdoor centres like Hillary Outdoors or any of the (approximately) 40 Christian Camps that offer outdoor experiences.

Clubs like the NZ Alpine Club and Federated Mountain Clubs (FMCs) and youth groups like Scouts and Guides. Council run outdoor programmes and community groups.

COMMERCIAL OUTDOOR OPERATORS

The Outdoor Recreation industry provides a range of leisure, recreation, cultural or sporting activities, undertaken in natural, heritage, rural and urban open space. It offers New Zealanders opportunities for improved mental and physical well being, education gains and social development. It is also a key component of New Zealand’s national identity and is vital to being recognised as a tourism destination.

Outdoor activities are a key component of the kiwi identity.

Outdoor Recreation

Adventure tourism operators like Adrenalin Forest, Zip Trek, Queenstown Rafting, Fat Tyre Adventures, NW Adventures, Whenua Iti Outdoor Centre, Hillary Outdoors, Big Foot Adventures.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

54

TRAMPING

Skills Active Aotearoa

Activities provided through outdoor recreation include:

Skills Active Aotearoa

Introduction

Industry Profile

In 2014 the outdoor recreation industry was made up of 2,493 business units, which is 0.5% of the total business units in New Zealand. Each unit employed an average the equivalent of 4.2 full-time employees. This is not dissimilar to the average number of 4.3 employed in the total number of business units across New Zealand. Many of those business units are incorporated societies and not-for-profit trusts. Most being reliant on government, lotteries, philanthropic trust and gaming funding to support their operations. Some offer outdoor instruction such as Hillary Outdoors or Adventure Specialties, or guiding services like NZ Rivers Association and NZ Mountain Guides. Many work with young people providing youth leadership and development programmes using outdoor recreation as a tool for experiential learning, for example, YMCA, Christian Camping, Perry Foundation and Hillary Outdoors.

Outdoor Recreation

55

Workforce Profile

Government

National Organisations

OUTDOOR COMMERCIAL

OUTDOOR LEISURE

Tertiary institutes

Adventure Tourism Operators

Clubs

Outdoor Centres (non-profit)

Outdoor Centres

JOB

2004

2014

CHANGE

Tour Guide

1812

1864

52

Outdoor Adventure Guide

662

775

113

Outdoor Adventure Instructor

447

602

155

Office Manager

78

169

91

Chief Executive or Managing Director

92

153

61

There were 10,379 people employed in the industry in 2014, representing 0.5% of the total workforce. While employment growth in the industry since 2009 averaged 3.2% per annum compared to growth in the total economy of 1.6%, growth in the five years to 2014 of 0.4% per annum was similar to the growth

Youth Organisations; Cubs, Scouts, Girl Guides



Participants Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

There were 10,379 people employed in the industry in 2014, representing 0.5% of the total workforce in New Zealand.

FILLED JOBS IN INDUSTRY



2004

7,967

38

56

Outdoor Recreation

in the total economy (0.3% per annum). Growth is expected to continue over the next five years at the rate of 3% per annum compared to growth in the total economy of 1.7% per annum. Over that five year period, employment in the industry is expected to peak at 12,02938.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

OUTDOOR EDUCATION

REGULATION

Volunteers

FUNDING

SERVICE

ONZ | Skills Active | NZOIA | MSC | etc.

Skills Active Aotearoa

MANDATE

Community Funding Organisations

Skills Active Aotearoa

TOP FIVE JOBS IN THE OUTDOOR RECREATION INDUSTRY

2014

10,379

Infometrics

Outdoor Recreation

57

Workforce Make Up 100% OUTDOOR RECREATION

The share of female workers in the industry increased from 44.3% to 44.6% between 2006 and 2013. Over the same period the share of females employed in the total workforce increased from 47% to 49%39.

TOTAL ECONOMY

AUCKLAND

2,261

TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT In 2014, 16.4% of the industry was self-employed.

22%

50%

10%

WAIKATO

This is similar to the rate of 16.5% who are self-employed in the total workforce. Over the past five years the self-employment rate in the industry has increased, while the rate in the total workforce has decreased.

1,035 13.5%

0% EUROPEAN DESCENT

MAORI

PASIFIKA

ASIAN

OTHER

WELLINGTON REGION

1,398

EMPLOYMENT BY AGE • More people aged 15-39 than the total workforce;

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

The industry has a younger age profile compared to the total workforce, employing:

CANTERBURY

1,171

• Slightly fewer people aged 40-59; and, • Slightly more aged 60 and over.

11%

Of the 10,379 people employed in the industry, 22% were employed in the Auckland Region.

20% OUTDOOR RECREATION TOTAL ECONOMY

OTAGO

10%

15–19

39

20–24

25–29

30–34

35–39

Skills Active Aotearoa

In 2013, 55.4% of those employed in the industry were male compared to 51% of the total workforce.

Skills Active Aotearoa

In 2014, 10,379 people were employed in the outdoor recreation industry.

ETHNICITY

40–44

45–49

50–54

55–59

60–64

65+

10%

1,072

Unlike most other industries that Skills Active works with, there was a broader spread of employment than just Auckland, Wellington, Canterbury and in some cases Waikato Bay of Plenty and Otago also employ around 10% of the industry workforce TOTAL EMPLOYMENT 2004 7,967 — 2014 10,379

0%

Infometrics

58

Outdoor Recreation

Outdoor Recreation

59

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

GENDER

REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT

Impact

EARNINGS

PARTICIPATION

HEALTH

The average earnings in 2013 were $49,264, which is only 7% less than the average wage in the total economy.

In 2013/2014, fishing, tramping, hunting, canoeing/ kayaking all ranked in the top 11 activities for men over a 12 month period. Those same activities all ranked in the top 13 for women over the same period (with the exception of hunting).

To date, the exact value of the outdoor recreation industry has not been recorded. However, with walking and tramping included in the top 10 activities New Zealand adults participated in over a 12 month period48, it is reasonable to assume that the industry does carry far reaching health benefits (including an impact on those 2,000 – 3,000 deaths attributable to inactivity per year).

While there are no specific participation statistics for mountain biking, 24.8% of New Zealand adults cycled over the same period (which includes mountain biking). This is up 3% from 2007/200841. In an online survey of 3,000 people in 2013, 25% of them reported that they owned a mountain bike and more than 30% owned footwear just for outdoor recreation.42

SKILL AND QUALIFICATION LEVEL In 2014, the industry had considerably more lower-skilled employees (54.2%) than the total workforce (38.7%) and fewer highly-skilled employees (31.2%) than the total workforce (37.9%).

In 2010/2011, 35.6% of boys and 18.6% of girls mountain biked over the 12 months and 40.6% of boys and 38.6% of girls canoed/kayaked over the same period. In addition to that most primary schools provided outdoor camp experiences for their year 7 and/or 8 students.43

Having said that, only 11.2% employed in the industry in 2013 had no qualifications at all, compared with 13.4% in 2006.

ECONOMIC

This is lower than the total workforce (13.6% in 2013 and 17.8% in 2006). In 2013, 47.9% of people employed in the industry had a level 4 qualification or higher compared to 45.7% of people in the total workforce.

In 2014, the outdoor recreation industry made a contribution of $744 million to the New Zealand GDP, which equates to 0.35% of the overall GDP.44

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

EMPLOYMENT BY SKILL LEVEL 100% OUTDOOR RECREATION TOTAL ECONOMY



60% of all tourism-related expenditure comes from outdoor recreation.

The online Horizon Research Survey of 3,000 respondents in 2013 found that, of those surveyed, for every $100 they spent directly on outdoor recreation, they spent another $36.62 on travel accommodation and other trip related expenses. In addition to this, tourists who took part in adventure tourism while in New Zealand spent a total of $1.6 billion in New Zealand in that same period. This equates to 60% of all holiday-related tourism expenditure.45 TOURISM Many providers in the industry offer guiding services for the tourist market. From June 2012 to July 2013, 88% of international tourists on holiday/vacation in New Zealand reported they had spent time walking and trekking during their visit. Outdoor and adventure activities were the second most popular reason for visiting New Zealand.46 Some post-TRoQ47 qualifications will have a stronger guiding focus that will further support tourism.

50%

Also, as outdoor recreation skills can be used throughout life (once mastered), they add real value to an ageing population who can maintain ongoing good health and mobility.

SOCIAL



Many organisations working in the industry offer leadership development for young people through outdoor recreation experiences. They aim to promote resilience amongst young people, co-operation, trust, self-belief and good citizenship to others and the environment.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

The annual average earnings in the industry grew at a faster rate than the annual average earnings for the total economy over the past decade, 4.1% per annum compared to 3.9% per annum.40

Skills Active Aotearoa

Workforce Make Up

Organisations such as Hillary Outdoors, Outward Bound, Duke of Edinburgh, Scouts, YMCA camps, Christian camps, etc, all have a high dependency on volunteers to provide their services.

0% LOW SKILLED

MEDIUM SKILLED

MEDIUM-HIGH SKILLED

HIGH SKILLED Sport NZ Active NZ survey 2013/2014 42 Horizon Research Survey 2013 43 Sport NZ Young People’s Survey 2010/2011 46 Infometrics 45 MBIE, International Visitor Survey 2013 MBIE, International Visitor Survey 2013 47 Targeted Review of Qualifications (TRoQ) 48 Sport NZ Active NZ survey 2013/2014 41

44 40

Infometrics

60

Outdoor Recreation

Outdoor Recreation

61

Training Environment

POLITICAL

ECONOMIC

BARRIERS TO TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION COMPLETION

• Compliance: The introduction of the Health and Safety in Employment (Adventure Activities) Regulations 2011 has increased requirements for health and safety in the outdoor adventure and adventure tourism industries, with operators required to be registered and audited on a regular basis. While schools and some other activities are currently excluded it is the belief, and in some cases the desire, of many in the in that these requirements will eventually be extended beyond the current scope either on a voluntary or compulsory basis.

• Reduced funding to DOC: May see further reductions in spending to build and maintain back-country infrastructure.

With so many not-for-profit organisations and the high proportion of volunteers in the industry, the major barrier to training and qualification completion is cost.

• The cost of compliance: May impact on smaller organisations, in regards to auditing and training of staff.

Although not as significant as cost, other barriers to training and qualification completion include:

• Increasing access costs: Increasing DOC concession costs due to new laws requiring operators to have safety audits.

• Access to and availability of suitable training and assessors.

• Confusion in the market: There have been a number of qualification systems operating in the Outdoor Recreation industry, which has created confusion as well as resulting in differing standards of competency being adopted across the industry. The industry has called for a rationalisation of these systems around the new NZQF qualifications to reduce confusion. These qualifications will become the basis for establishing competence of operators when they are audited.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

• Restrictions on charging: Directives from the Ministry of Education on what schools may charge may see the offering of school camps removed, particularly as more schools are contracting external providers to deliver the experiences for them. • Access to land: 30% of New Zealand’s land area is managed by the Department of Conservation (DoC) for conservation, scientific and recreational purposes. Changes in priorities to focus more on conservation than recreation could see access restricted.

The industry struggles to find qualified outdoor education teachers, raft guides, tramping and kayaking instructors and administration and business management staff. This is often put down to the irregular hours of work available, isolated locations of some work places or greater expectations of income49.

Skills Active Aotearoa

• The high turnover of staff/volunteers.

• Commitment by staff/volunteers to undertake/complete training and qualifications.

CURRENT AND FUTURE SKILL NEEDS

SOCIAL

Increased NZQF training is sought in the following areas:

• Risk adverse nature: Fear of the (real or perceived) danger of outdoor activities may see fewer schools, parents and councils offering young people outdoor experiences, or certain providers making infrastructure unavailable for outdoor recreation use.

• Job specific/technical training – guides and instructor in a variety of activities. • Health and safety. • Coaching/mentoring/education. • Management/supervisory.

TECHNOLOGICAL

• Tikanga/Te Reo Māori.

• New technology: The development of new apps may reduce the need for both instructors and guides within the industry, creating virtual rather than real outdoor recreation experiences.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Trends / Issues / Risks

• Public demand to access registration information for instructors/guides online: May drive greater use of Skills Active’s NZ Register of Recreation Professionals (NZRRP).

• Iwi ownership: Treaty settlements are seeing more land pass into the management of iwi. This could either open up or restrict access to land for recreational purposes, depending on the approach taken by respective iwi.

49

62

Outdoor Recreation

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

Outdoor Recreation

63

Industry Snapshot REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT

GENDER

AUCKLAND

8

3%

FEMALE

MALE

FEMALE INCREASE SINCE 2010

MANAWATU/ WHANGANUI

7

CANTERBURY

65 1,637

YOUTH PARTICIPATION

OTAGO

70%

SKI

SNOWBOARD

36.1%

24.6%

17.8%

18.3%

9.2%

15.4%

EMPLOYMENT BY ROLE AT SNOWSPORT AREAS SURVEYED 665

307 241

63

52

81

54

SNOWSCHOOL

LIFT OPERATOR

PATROLLER

SNOW SAFETY OFFICER

GROOMER DRIVER

ROAD/CARPARK

8

SNOWMAKER

42

MAINTENANCE

15

RACE/EVENTS

TERRAIN PARK

FOOD & BEVERAGE

CHILDCARE

GUEST SERVICES

MEDICAL CENTRE

WORKSHOP TECHNICIAN

30.5

28

21

18

HR/MARKETING / MANAGEMENT

13

127

101

RETAIL SHOP SALES

2

RENTALS

6

BOOT FITTER

106.5

WAREHOUSE

Snow Sports

831

44%

56%

30%

WAIKATO

Snowsport area facilities are primarily commercially focused and largely made up of three operators, who employ 85% of the workers in the industry. The balance of the industry is made up of smaller commercial and clubs fields, equipment importers, wholesalers, retailers and rental businesses.

Skills Active Aotearoa

The industry is working hard to introduce summer activities such as mountain biking, luging, walking tracks, star gazing, etc. The aim is to extend use of the facilities to 30 weeks per year.

National Organisations NZ Snowsport Council Ski Areas Association New Zealand

The snowsport industry provides a range of exhilarating outdoor recreational activities and sport, easily available to both locals and visitors alike. Through the development of new technology, improving equipment and snow management at ski areas, snowsports are now an activity for life. Regardless of whether it’s skiing, snowboarding or crosscountry skiing, people of all ages and abilities can enjoy snowsports. Of particular note is the increase in access for those with disabilities to disabilities; including blind and assisted skiing.

International and domestic tourists alike make the most of the snowsport season around the country.

Snow Sports

COMMERCIAL OPERATORS Snowsport areas Rental shops Retailers Importers

NZ Snow Industries Federation NZ Snowsports Instructors’ Alliance

PAID & UN-PAID WORKERS Instructors Trail Safety Patrol Rentals Ticketing Grooming Maintenance

CLUB FIELDS

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

66

patterns and environmental factors. While snowmaking technology has rapidly advanced (which helps to manage the reliance on Mother Nature, to some extent!), the entire length of the season remains at approximately 16 weeks.

The success of each snowsport season is dictated by the amount of snowfall, which is dependent on weather

Skills Active Aotearoa

Introduction

Industry Profile

Participants



There are approximately 3,500 people employed in the industry, with 87% of employees reported to be seasonal full-time.



Snow Sports

67

Workforce Profile There are approximately 3,500 people employed in the industry, with 87% of employees reported to be seasonal full-time50. Of that number, 65% are estimated to be New Zealanders. The seasonal nature of employment means many hold other

Workforce Make Up

non-snowsport related jobs at other times of the year in New Zealand or travel overseas to work on other ski fields during the off-season in New Zealand. The snowsport area operators estimate an annual return rate of 50-55%.51

REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT

About 30% of those employed in and around the snowsport areas work in the North Island, with the remaining 70% in the South Island. Rental, retail and importers of ski equipment are scattered throughout the country.

The snowsport operators predict increasing employment in the top five jobs over the next five years, ranging from a 2% increases in guest services through to a 17% increase in snow school staff.52

WAREHOUSE BOOT FITTER WORKSHOP TECHNICIAN

6 2 13

RENTALS RETAIL SHOP SALES HR/MARKETING/ MANAGEMENT MEDICAL CENTRE

18 21

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

RACE/EVENTS MAINTENANCE SNOWMAKER ROAD/CARPARK GROOMER DRIVER SNOW SAFETY OFFICER PATROLLER

28

56

%

68

51

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

44

%

MANAWATU/ WHANGANUI

7

3%

CANTERBURY

65

INCREASE SINCE 2010

70

%

241

SNOWSCHOOL

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

30%

307

30.5 15 42 63 52 54 8 81

8

831

127

LIFT OPERATOR

50

The gender split is about 56% male and 44% female. There has been a 3% increase in females employed in the industry since 2010.

WAIKATO

FOOD & BEVERAGE TERRAIN PARK

AUCKLAND

101

GUEST SERVICES CHILDCARE

GENDER

Note: due to the seasonal nature of the Snowsport industry, the Infometrics data is not suitable for use as it only captures full year employment information. The data in this section has been collated from the industry directly through a survey distributed by the Ski Areas Association of New Zealand (SAANZ) in 2010.

106.5

Skills Active Aotearoa

Employment by Role at Snowsport Areas Surveyed

52

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

Early childhood education, health and safety, retail and boot fitters are some of the harder jobs to fill in the industry.

OTAGO

1,637

665

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

Snow Sports

Snow Sports

69

Type of employment

Impact

Because of the seasonal nature of the industry between 80-90% of employees are described as full-time seasonal. The balance of people employed are on the basis of full-time, part-time seasonal, volunteers and contractors.

PARTICIPATION

ECONOMIC

In New Zealand, snowsports are the 15th most popular activity for both men (110,000) and women (95,000) as compared to all other activities when measured over a 12 month period.54 18.3% of boys and 17.8% of girls ski each year, with 15.4% boys and 9.2% girls snowboarding.55

Professor Simon Milne of the NZ Tourism Research Institute made the point 56 that, despite the obvious connection with both international and domestic tourism, there is a lack of good information and a lack of willingness to share data which damages the ability of the industry to show what share it holds of the $24 billion tourist industry.

SKI

SNOWBOARD

36.1%

24.6%

17.8%

18.3%

9.2%

15.4%

50–59 %

4

60+ %

2

40–49 %

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

85% of the workforce are younger than 40 years old.

9

15–19

11%

TOURISM In 2014, the General Manager of Sales and Marketing for NZ Ski estimates that 80,000 to 110,000 Australians came to New Zealand each year to ski and that they were considered to be worth twice as much per day as a New Zealand visitor. Direct flights into Queenstown have certainly helped drive numbers of Australians going to that area.

30–39 %

19

20–29 %

55

NZ Ski estimates visitor numbers of over 500,000 each season; a number comprising domestic and international tourists. Of that 500,000, 68% come from New Zealand visitors (domestic) whilst 32% come from Australia and other international destinations (Rest of World).

The Chief Executive of the Ski Areas Association of New Zealand estimates that the annual turnover for snowsports is conservatively $80m with an additional $40m in snowsport related retail sales. This does not take into account the downstream regional and national economic impacts, which are significant. A 2005 study of the Southern Lakes five ski areas estimated spending of $92.8m in the Southern Lakes area and a further $68.1m spent elsewhere on transport, food and accommodation57. Similar studies of the Mt Hutt and Methven ski areas in 2000 and Mt Ruapehu ski areas in 2001 estimated that for every $1m of tourism expenditure, $320,000 of local income was created in the Mt Hutt and Methven region and $420,000 in the Mt Ruapehu region58.

Skills Active Aotearoa

Skills Active Aotearoa

The industry employs nearly three times as many 20-29 year olds as it does 30-39 year olds with 56% of the workforce being male.

Noting that the average length of the snowsport season is 16 weeks, the snowsports operators are looking for opportunities to manage a return on their investment in facilities for the remaining 36 weeks of the year. As such, there has been a major drive into becoming year-round operations, introducing activities such as mountain biking, luging, guided walks, star gazing and sightseeing operations.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

AGE

The average seasonal earnings (based on a duration of 16 weeks) are around $17,000; however, most employees are on hourly rates ranging from $14.25–$27.00, depending on job and role.

Skills Active Sector Survey 2015

70

56

Snow Sports

SEASONAL VISITORS

NE W

54 53

500,000

D – 68%

While the majority of those employed in the industry are of European descent, there are an increasing number of Māori and Asian being employed53.

$80MPA

$100 $32

AN

EARNINGS

2% –3

AL

ETHNICITY

AUS / RO W

$42

ZE

$40MPA

Sport NZ Active NZ survey 2013/14 55 Sport NZ Young Peoples Survey 2010/2011 an article in the Southland on 7 June 2014

Snow Sports

EVERY $100 SPENT ON THE FIELD = AN EXTRA $32 IN THE METHVEN REGION AND $42 IN THE MT. RUAPEHU REGION.

57 The Economic Significance of the Southern Lakes Ski Areas – 2005 Winter Season NZTRI 58 Professor Simon Milne Tourism Research Institute

71

Trends / Issues / Risks

Training environment

POLITICAL

SOCIAL

• Skill shortages and immigration policies: The time to process seasonal work visas overseas applicants can adversely impact on the number of skilled migrants are able to secure employment in the industry.

• Greening attitudes: The international focus on reducing carbon footprints could impact on the number of international tourists who are prepared to travel to New Zealand.

BARRIERS TO TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION COMPLETION

ECONOMIC • Global economy: With the bulk of the snowsport users being tourists (either domestic or international) the state of the global economy has a direct impact, either positive or negative, on the industry. • Cost and availability of accommodation: The availability and affordability of accommodation for workers can be prohibitive to attracting them to work in the region.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

• Health and safety: There are concerns that increasing health and safety compliance will lead to increased costs for training staff and will feed into higher costs for access to snowsports .

• New technology: Developments in snow making machines and lift use and maintenance could see longer snowsport seasons and the need to up-skill staff on new equipment use.

• Staff need to be up to speed before they start, but are often not available to undertake training out of season. • High staff turnover makes it costly for the industry to have to retrain each year. • Access to and availability of relevant training. • Training that can be commenced and completed in one season.

• Job specific technical areas like snow making machinery operation and maintenance; lift maintenance and electrical work. • Demand for foundation skills in alpine operations, including health and safety and customer service.

Skills Active Aotearoa

TECHNOLOGICAL

• Reluctance to pre-employment training/qualifications with potential of only 4 months work a year.

Increased NZQF training/qualifications are sought in the following areas:

• Tikanga and Te Reo Māori. The highest employment is in snow school which is serviced by a non-NZQF industry award. Many young snow school instructors would like this competence to be recognised on their NZQA record of achievement.

• Radio frequency identification (RFID) system: The development of the RFID system has led to less time for customers standing in line to buy tickets, which has meant changes to job roles and numbers required for the ticketing and guest services department. • New activities being developed: Adopted to snowsport areas and facilities such as mountain biking, luging, paragliding, walking tracks, etc.

Sport and Recreation Industries Workforce Scan 2016

Skills Active Aotearoa

• Resource management: The location of alpine resorts in sensitive landscapes require an increased emphasis on resource management and appropriate staff training.

• Seasonal nature: The seasonal nature of work means there is a high turnover of staff and it is often difficult to recruit staff with existing experience to the more technical roles.

Many of the barriers to training and qualification completion identified by the industry relate to the seasonal nature of the industry:

CURRENT AND FUTURE SKILL NEEDS

• Climate change: Any extremes in weather conditions have a direct impact on the length and profitability of the snowsport season. • Multi-million dollar infrastructure: Only used for 16 weeks per year. Drive to get greater return on investment by introducing activities in summer season.

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Snow Sports

Snow Sports

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0508 4SKILLS (475 4557) www.skillsactive.org.nz