Synthesis Report

RECA

LIBRA

in

TING CAREERS academia:

Co-Editors: Libing Wang and Wesley Teter

professional advancement p o l i c i e s and p r a c t i c e s in asia-pacific

Recalibrating Careers in Academia: Professional Advancement Policies and Practices in Asia-Pacific Co-Editors: Libing Wang and Wesley Teter

Published in 2017 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France and UNESCO Bangkok Office © UNESCO 2017 ISBN: 978-92-9223-573-4 (print version) ISBN: 978-92-9223-574-1 (electronic version)

This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bysa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco. org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Co-Editors: Wang, Libing and Teter, Wesley Graphic Designer: Iuri Kato

TH/C3/EISD/17/001-100 ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii

Synthesis Report

Case Studies on Professional Advancement Policies and Practices in Higher Education in Asia-Pacific . . . . . . . . . 1

Chapter 01: Australia

Academic Staff Promotion in Australia: Characteristics and Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Chapter 02: Cambodia

Academic Promotion of Higher Education Teaching Personnel in Cambodia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 Issues About the Status and Career Advancement of Academics in Cambodia vs. The 1997 UNESCO Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Academic Promotion in Cambodia: En Route to Reform . . . . . . . . . . .56 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Chapter 03: Hong Kong SAR, China

Academic Promotion of Higher Education Teaching Personnel in Hong Kong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Context and Background of Academic Promotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74 National/System Policy Objectives and Their Impact on Academic Promotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 Structure and Criteria for Academic Promotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Evaluation and Recruitment Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

iii

Chapter 04: India

Promotion in the Academic Profession in India: Upward Mobility of Teachers in Higher Education . . . . . . . . . 105

Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Higher Education in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Academic Profession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Recruitment, Qualifications and Promotions of Teachers . . . . . . . . . . 117 Promotional Avenues and Upward Mobility of Teachers . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Methods of Promotion/Upward Mobility