Untitled - Environment Clearance

1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant At Villages–Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil –Harsud, Distt. – Khandwa (Madhya Pradesh) Index

INDEX CHAPTER

PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

PART A

TERMS OF REFERENCE FROM MOEF, NEW DELHI

1-26

TOR AMENDMENT LETTER ISSUED FROM MOEF, NEW DELHI

1-2

TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) LETTER ISSUED FROM MOEF, NEW DELHI

3-8

POINT WISE TOR REPLY

9-26

PART B

FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT

27-360

CHAPTER – I

INTRODUCTION

27-36

CHAPTER – II

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

37-79

CHAPTER – III

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

80-153

CHAPTER – IV

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

154-180

CHAPTER–V

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

181-185

CHAPTER – VI

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

186-194

CHAPTER – VII

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

195-305

CHAPTER – VIII

PROJECT BENEFITS

306-322

CHAPTER-IX

ENVIRONMENT COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

323

CHAPTER – X

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

324-349

CHAPTER – XI

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

350-357

CHAPTER – XII

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

358-360

a


LIST OF CONTENTS S. NO.

PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

PART A

TERMS OF REFERENCE FROM MOEF, NEW DELHI

TOR AMENDMENT LETTER ISSUED FROM MOEF, NEW DELHI

a-b

TERMS OF REFERENCE LETTER ISSUED FROM MOEF, NEW DELHI

i-vi

POINT WISE REPLY TERMS OF REFERENCE

PART B

FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT

9-25 1-296

CHAPTER- I

INTRODUCTION

27-36

1.1

PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

27

1.2

IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT

29

ABOUT THE PROJECT

29

CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROJECT

29

1.2.2

ABOUT THE PROJECT PROPONENT

29

1.2.3

LONG TERM VISION OF THE COMPANY

30 30

1.2.1 1.2.1.1

1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF SITE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT & IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE OF SITE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

31

IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY & REGION

35

1.4

SITE SELECTION

35

1.5

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

36

CHAPTER- II

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

37-79

2.1

TYPE AND NEED OF THE PROJECT

37

2.1.1

TYPE OF THE PROJECT

37

2.1.2

NEED FOR THE PROJECT

37

2.1.2.1

SCENARIO OF POWER REQUIREMENT IN THE COUNTRY

37

2.1.2.2

DEMAND AND SUPPLY ANALYSIS IN THE COUNTRY PRESENT SHARE OF PRIVATE SECTOR

40

2.1.2.2.1 2.1.2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3.1

POWER DEMANDSCENARIOINTHESTATEOFMADHYAPRADESH (TILL 2022) LOCATION MAP

41 41 42

VIEW OF THE PROJECT SITE

44

PHOTOGRAPHS

44

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S. NO.

PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

2.4

PLANT LAYOUT

44

2.5

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT

47

LAND REQUIREMENT

47

2.5.1.1

LAND USE AS PER REVENUE RECORD

48

2.5.1.2

ROW LAND-WATER PIPILINE & RAILWAY SIDING

49

2.5.1.2.1

WATER PIPELINE LAND

49

2.5.1.2.2

RAILWAY SIDING LAND

49

2.5.2

WATER REQUIREMENT

50

2.5.3

COAL REQUIREMENT

54

2.5.3.1

DOMESTIC COAL REQUIREMENT

54

2.5.3.2

IMPORTED COAL REQUIREMENT

54

2.5.3.3

IMPORTED COAL LOGISTICS

54

2.5.3.3.1

TRAFFIC LOAD

55

2.5.3.3.2

INWARD TRAFFIC FOR COAL UNLOASING

55

2.5.3.4

COAL CHARACTERISTICS

56

2.5.3.5

FUEL OIL

58

MANPOWER

59

TECHNOLOGY & PROCESS DESCRIPTION

60

2.6.1

THERMAL POWER GENERATION PROCESS

60

2.6.2

STEAM GENERATOR AND ACCESSORIES

62

STEAM GENERATOR

62

2.6.2.2

RATING AND TYPE OF STEAM GENERATOR

62

2.6.2.2.1

TYPE

62

2.6.2.2.2

RATING

62

2.5.1

2.5.4 2.6

2.6.2.1

2.6.2.3

MODE OF OPERATION

63

2.6.2.4

MINIMUM LOAD WITHOUT OIL SUPPORT FOR FLAME STABILIZATION

64

2.6.2.5

LIMITING PARAMETERS FOR STEAM GENERATOR DESIGN

64

2.6.2.6

OPERATION WITH TURBINE BYPASS SYSTEM

64

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PARTICULARS

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COAL BURNER DESIGN

64

2.6.3

COAL PREPARATION AND FIRING SYSTEM

64

2.6.4

PRIMARY AIR FANS (2X60%)

65

2.6.5

FORCED DRAFT FANS

65

2.6.6

SCANNER AIR SYSTEM

66

2.6.7

INDUCED DRAFT FANS

66

2.6.8

AIR PREHEATERS

66

2.6.9

NOX & OTHER EMISSION CONTROL

66

2.6.10

PARTICULATE EMISSIONS

67

2.6.11

STEAM QUALITY PARAMETERS

67

2.6.12

FUEL OIL SYSTEM

68

2.6.13

AUXILIARY BOILER

68

2.6.2.7

2.6.14

STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS

68

2.6.15

STEAM TURBINE TYPE / DESCRIPTION

68

2.6.16

REGENERATIVE FEED WATER SYSTEM

71

2.6.17

CONDENSATE PUMPS

72

2.6.18

POWER CYCLE PIPING

72

2.6.19

ASH HANDLING SYSTEM

73

2.6.19.1

DESIGN BASIS

73

2.6.19.2

ASH EXRACTION & DISPOSAL

74

2.6.19.3

ASH DYKE MANAGEMENT

77

2.7

MITIGATION MEASURES

78

CHAPTER- III

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

80-153

3.1

INTRODUCTION

80

3.2

STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE

80

3.3

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

81

3.3.1

DATA GENERATION

81

3.3.2

SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION

82

3.3.3

INSTRUMENT USED

82

3.4

STUDY OF LAND USE/LAND COVER AROUND PROPOSED

83

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PARTICULARS PROJECT ACTIVITY USING SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING DATA

PAGE NO.

3.4.1

FALSE COLOUR COMPOSITE MAP- CORE ZONE & BUFFER ZONE

86

3.4.2

LAND USE/ LAND COVER STATISTICS FOR CORE ZONE

88

3.4.3

LAND USE/ LAND COVER DISTRIBUTION IN THE BUFFER ZONE

90

3.5

GEOLOGY & HYDROLOGY

92

3.5.1

MINERALOGICAL MAP OF THE PROPOSED SITE

93

3.6

TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE

95

3.7

SEISMICITY OF AREA

95

3.8

WATER ENVIRONMENT

97

3.8.1

SURFACE WATER

99

3.8.2

GROUND WATER QUALITY

102

3.8.3

RESULT & DISCUSSION

107

3.9

METEOROLOGY

107

3.9.1

INTRODUCTION

107

3.9.2

CLIMATE

107

3.9.3

RAINFALL

3.9.4

MICROMETEOROLOGY AT SITE

3.10

AMBIENT AIR MONITORING

107 108 110

3.10.1


110

3.10.2

115

3.11

RESULT & CONCLUSION NOISE ENVIRONMENT

3.11.1

RESULT

118

3.12

SOIL ENVIRONMENT

118

3.12.1

SOIL QUALITY AND CHARACTERISTICS

118

3.13

BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

124

3.13.1

INTRODUCTION

124

3.13.2

CROPPING PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA

124

3.13.3

FLORA

128

3.13.3.1

METHODOLOGY

128

3.13.3.2

FLORA IN THE CORE ZONE

128

3.13.3.3

FLORA IN THE BUFFER ZONE

128

3.13.4

FAUNA WITH IN THE STUDY AREA

131

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3.13.4.1

FAUNA IN THE CORE ZONE

131

3.13.4.2

FAUNA IN THE BUFFER ZONE

131

3.14

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

132

3.14.1

RECONNAISSANCE

132

3.14.2

OBJECTIVE

133

3.14.3

METHODOLOGY

133

3.14.4

BACKGROUND INFORMATION OF THE AREA

134

3.14.4.1

STATE MADHYA PRADESH

134

3.14.4.1

KHANDWA (EAST MIMAR DISTRICT)

135

BASELINE DATA & ANALYSIS

137

3.14.5.1

DEMOGRAPHY

137

3.14.5.2

BASELINE DATA OF THE STUDY AREA

140

3.14.5.3

SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF STUDY AREA

140

3.14.5.3.1

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

141

3.14.5.3.2

VULNERABLE GROUP

144

3.14.5.3.3

LITERACY RATE

3.14.5.3.4

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

3.14.6

BASIC AMENITIES

3.14.6.1

EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES

3.14.6.2

HEALTH FACILITIES

3.14.6.3

OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES

3.14.7

RESULTS

3.14.7.1

RECOMMENDATION AND SUGGESTION

144 145 147 147 148 149 151 152

3.14.8

IMPACT OF THE PROJECT

152

3.15

INDUSTRIES FALLING WITHIN 10 KMS

153

3.16

CONCLUSION

153

CHAPTER–IV

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

154-180

4.1

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

154

4.2

IMPACT DUE TO PROJECT ACTIVITY

154

4.2.1

IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

155

4.2.1.1

IMPACT ON TOPOGRAPHY AND LAND USE

155

4.2.1.2

IMPACT ON SOIL

155

3.14.5

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PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

4.2.1.3

IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY

155

4.2.1.4

IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES AND WATER QUALITY

156

4.2.1.5

IMPACT ON NOISE LEVELS

156

4.2.1.6

IMPACT ON TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY

156

IMPACTS DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE

156

4.3.1

IMPACT ON LAND USE

157

4.3.2

IMPACT ON SOIL

157

4.3.3

TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE

157

4.3.4

IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY

158

4.3.4.1

DETAILS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING

158

4.3.4.2

EMISSION DETAILS

4.3.4.3

PRESENTATION & COMMENTS ON THE PREDICTED RESULTS

158 160

4.3.4.4

RESULTANT CONCENTRATIONS AFTER IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT

168

4.3.4.5

IMPACTS OF AIR EMISSIONS ON SENSITIVE AREAS AND HABITATIONS

168

4.3.5

IMPACT OF TRAFFIC ON AIR QUALITY

168

4.3.6

IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES AND WATER QUALITY

169

IMPACT ON SURFACE AND GROUND WATER QUALITY

169

IMPACT OF SOLID WASTES

169

IMPACT ON NOISE LEVELS

170

4.3

4.3.6.1 4.3.7 4.3.8 4.3.8.1

IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

170

4.3.8.2

IMPACT ON WORK ZONE

171

4.3.8.3

IMPACT ON COMMUNITY

171

4.3.9

PREDICTION OF IMPACTS ON SOCIO-ECONOMICS

171

4.3.10

IMPACT ON PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY

171

4.4

SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION

172

4.5

PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION

174

4.5.1

SITE PREPARATION

174

4.5.2

WATER QUALITY

174

4.5.3

AIR QUALITY

174

4.5.4

NOISE

175

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PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

4.5.5

ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS

175

4.5.6

MIGRANT LABORERS

175

4.6

PROPOSED MITIGATION DURING OPERATIONAL STAGE

176

4.6.1

AIR QUALITY

176

4. 6.1.1

REDUCTION OF EMISSION AT SOURCE

176

4.6.1.2

STACK MONITORING

177

4.6.1.3

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING

177

4.6.2

WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

177

4 .6.2.1

WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES

4.6.3

NOISE IMPACT & MITIGATION

177 177

4.6.4

SOLID WASTE

178

4.6.4.1

PERSPECTIVE ASH UTILIZATION PLAN

179

CHAPTER–V

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE)

181-185

5.1

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

181

5.2

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (SITE)

181

5.3

CONCLUSION

185

CHAPTER-VI

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

186-194

6.1

INTRODUCTION

186

6.2

FORMATION OF EMC(ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL)

186

6.2.1

RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMC

186

6.3

MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGIES

187

6.3.1

INSTRUMENT TO BE USED

187

6.3.2

MONITRING PROGRAMME

187

6.3.2.1

MONITRING SCHEDULE

188

6.3.3

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

6.4

LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS

6.5

DATA ANALYSIS

188 192 193

6.6

DETAILED BUDGET OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

193

CHAPTER-VII

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

195-305

7.0

INTRODUCTION

7.1

PUBLIC HEARING CONSULTATION

195 195

7.1.1

PUBLIC HEARING ADVERTISMENT COPIES

195

7.1.2

PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING PUBLIC HEARING

201

h


S. NO.

PARTICULARS

7.1.3

PUBLIC HEARING MINUTES OF MEETING DATED 9.02.12 (IN HINDI)

7.1.4

ATTENDANCE SHEET OF THE PUBLIC HEARING

209

7.1.5

MINUTES OF MEETING OF PUBLIC HEARING –IN ENGLISH

211

7.16

ACTION PLAN FOR THE ISSUES RAISED IN THE PUBLIC HEARING ALONG WITH BUDGETARY ALLOCATION

214

7.2

RISK ASSESSMENT

221

ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

221

7.2.1.1

DISASTER PREVENTIVE MEASURE

222

7.2.1.2

SITE EMERGENCY CONTROL ROOM

222

7.2.1.3

223

7.2.1.4

SAFETY DEPARTMENT FIRE AND SAFETY OFFICER (FSO)

7.2.1.5

CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY

224

OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

224

7.2.2.1

OUTSIDE ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN CONTROL OF DISASTER

224

7.2.2.2

HAZARD EMERGENCY CONTROL PROCEDURE

225

7.2.2.3

MISCELLANEOUS PREVENTIVE MEASURES

228 228

7.2.2.3.2

ALARM SYSTEM TO BE FOLLOWED DURING DISASTER ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN ON HEARING THE WARNING SIGNAL

7.2.2.3.3

SAFETY DEVICES/ EQUIPMENTS

228

7.2.3

APPROACHES OF THE STUDY

229

7.2.4

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

229

7.2.5

CLASSIFICATION OF MAJOR HAZARDS

229

7.2.6

IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR HAZARD INSTALLATIONSBASED ON GOI RULES,1989

230

7.2.7

HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION FOR FLAMMABLE CATEGORY

231

7.2.8

FIRE EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX (FE&TI) APPROACH

232

7.2.9

HAZARD INTENSITY CLASSIFICATION

233

7.2.10

HAZARD SCENARIOS

235

NATURE OF HAZARD FROM OIL STORAGE

235

7.2.10.1.1

TANK FIRE

235

7.2.10.1.2

POOL/DYKE FIRE

235

7.2.1

7.2.2

7.2.2.3.1

7.2.10.1

i

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223

228


S. NO.

PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

7.2.10.2

EFFECTS OF POOL FIRE

236

7.2.11

NATURE OF HAZARD FROM CHLORINR STORAGE

236

7.2.12

TOXIC DAMAGE CRITERIA

236

7.2.13

ALOHA (AREAL LOCATIONS OF HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE) SOFTWARE

238

7.2.13.1

KEY PROGRAMME FEATURES

238

7.2.13.2

SOURCES AND SCENARIOS ALOHA CAN MODEL FOUR TYPES OF SOURCES

239

7.2.13.3

MODELLING OF RISK DUE TO STORAGE OF CHLORINE

239

7.2.14

MODELLING OF RISK DUE TO STORAGE OF FUEL(HFO/LDO)

241

7.2.15

HEAT RADIATION AND THERMAL DAMAGE CRITERIA

248

7.2.16

RECOMMENDATIONS

251

7.2.17

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

251

7.2.18

RISK MITIGATION MEASURES

251

7.2.19

POSSIBILITIES,NATURE AND EFFECTS OF EMERGENCY

7.2.20

RISK REDUCTION OPPORTUNITIES

7.3.1

DISASTERS

252 255 255 255

7.3.2

OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP)

256

TRAINING OF PERSONNEL

258

7.3.2.1.1

TRAINIG SCHEME FOR FIRST RESPONSE TEAM

259

7.3.2.1.2

MOCK DRILLS AND DEMONSTRATION EXERCISES

7.3.2.1.3

PUBLIC INFORMATION SYSTEM

7.3

7.3.2.1

DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.4.1

GENERAL, INDUSTRIAL, EMERGENCIES

259 259 259 259

7.4.2

SPECIFIC EMERGENCIES ANTICIPATED

260

7.4

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN

7.4.3

EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION

264

7.4.3.1

EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION

264

7.4.3.2

EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES

264

7.4.4

EMERGENCY FACILITIES

268

7.4.4.1

EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTER (ECC)

268

7.4.4.2

ASSEMBLY POINT

269

7.4.4.3

EMERGENCY POWER SUPPLY

270

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PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

7.4.4.4

FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES

7.4.4.5

LOCATION OF WIND SOCK

7.4.4.6

EMERGENCY MEDICAL FACILITIES

7.4.5

EMERGENCY ACTIONS

7.4.5.1

EMERGENCY WARNING

270 270 270 270 271 271

7.4.5.2

EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN

271

7.4.5.3

EVACUATION OF PERSONNEL

271

7.4.5.4

ALL CLEAR SIGNAL

271

7.4.6

GENERAL

7.4.4.7

AMBULANCE

7.4.6.1

EMPLOYEE INFORMATION

7.4.6.2

PUBLIC INFORMATION AND WARNING

7.4.6.3

COORDINATION WITH LOCAL AUTHORITIES

7.4.6.4

MUTUAL AID

272 272 272 272 272

7.4.6.5

MOCK DRILLS

272

7.4.6.6

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

273 273 273

7.4.7

OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN

7.4.7.1

INTRODUCTION

7.4.7.2

ASPECTS PROPOSED TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

274

7.4.7.3

ROLE OF THE EMERGENCY CO-ORDINATING OFFICER

275

7.4.7.4

ROLE OF THE LOCAL AUTHORITY

275

7.4.7.5

ROLE OF POLICE

7.4.7.6

ROLE OF FIRE AUTHORITIES

7.4.7.7

ROLE OF HEALTH AUTHORITIES

275 276 276

7.4.7.8

ROLE OF GOVERNMENT SAFETY AUTHORITY

7.5

HYDROGEOLOGICAL STUDY & RAIN WATER HARVESTING PLAN

276 276

7.5.1

OBJECTIVES

7.5.2

PHYSIOGRAPHY, DRAINAGE PATTERN & RAINFALL DATA

277 277

7.5.3

AQUIFER TYPES

278

7.5.4

WATER LEVEL AND SEASONAL FLUCTUATION

278

YIELD POTENTIAL

281 281

7.5.4.1 7.5.5

GROUND WATER RESOURCES EVALUATION

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PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES

7.5.5.1.1

GROUND WATER RESOURCES IN THE CORE ZONE

281 281

7.5.5.1.2

GROUND WATER RESOURCES (BUFFER ZONE)

283

7.5.6

WATER AVAILABILITY IN RIVER NARMADA & SUSTAINABILITY OF INDRA SAGAR PROJECT (ISP) FOR UTILIZATION FOR THE PROPOSED THERMAL POWER PLANT

286

7.5.7

INDRA SAGAR PROJECT (ISP)

291

HYDROLOGY

291

IMPACT OF THE THERMAL POWER PROJECT ON NARMADA RIVER ECOLOGY INCLUDING FISHERIES

292

7.5.8.1

IMPACT OF WATER WITHDRAWAL FOR PLANT FROM NARMADA RIVER

293

7.5.8.2

IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED THERMAL PLANT

294

7.5.8.3

ADDITIONAL MEASURES

295

RAIN WATER HARVESTING PLAN

296

NEED FOR ARTIFICAL GROUND RECHARGE

296

NATURE OF PROBLEM

296

METHODS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

296 296 297 297

7.5.5.1

7.5.7.1 7.5.8

7.6 7.6.1 7.6.1.1 7.6.2 7.6.2.1

INDIRECT RAINWATER HARVESTING

7.6.2.2

DIRECT RAINWATER HARVESTING

7.6.2.2.1

DESIGN OF ROOF TOP RAINWATER AND SURFACE RUNOFF HARVESTING SYSTEM

7.6.2.2.1.1

ROOFTOP RAINWATER RUNOFF

297

7.6.2.2.1.2

SURFACE RUNOFF OF RAINWATER

297

7.6.2.2.1.3

DESIGN OF SILTING PIT

298

7.6.2.3

INDIRECT RAINWATER HARVESTING

299

7.6.3

RECHARGE PONDS

304

7.6.4

DIRECT RAINWATER HARVESTING

304

7.7

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDIES

304

7.8

SOLAR POWER HARVESTING

305

CHAPTER– VIII

PROJECT BENEFITS

306-322

8.1

INTRODUCTION

8.2

IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCUTRE

306 306 306

8.2.1

CSR POLICY OF THE GROUP

l


S. NO. 8.2.1.1

PARTICULARS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND DWARKESH

PAGE NO. 309

ENERGY LIMITED

8.3

8.3.4

PROPOSED CSR ACTIVITIES EDUCATION HEALTH LIVELIHOOD WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

311 311 311 312 312

8.3.5

COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

312

8.4

ACTIVITYWISE ESTIMATED BUDGET FOR LIVELIHOOD INTERVENTION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGION

313

8.5

EMPLOYMENT POTENTIALS

322

8.6

POWER SUPPLY IN THE STATE

322

8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3

8.7

CONCLUSION

322

CHAPTER-IX


323

9.0


323

CHAPTER – X


324-349

10.0

INTRODUCTION

324

10.1

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

324

10.2

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL HIERARCHY

326

10.3


326

10.3.1

AIR MANAGEMENT PLAN

326

10.3.1.1

CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM

327

10.3.2

WATER MANAGEMENT

328

10.3.2.1

WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

328

10.3.2.1.1

INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS

329

10.3.2.1.2

ZERO-DISCHARGE OF WASTEWATER

333

10.3.2.2

DETAILS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING

334

10.3.2.3

MEASURES TO MINIMISE USE OF GROUNDWATER

335

10.3.3

SOLID WASTE ENVIRONMENT

10.3.4

NOISE/ODOUR ENVIRONMENT

335 335

10.3.5

GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

336

10.3.5.1

ACTION PLAN FOR GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

337

10.3.5.2

MEASURES FOR MINIMISING IMPACT ON FLORA

338

m


S. NO.

PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

10.3.5.3

MEASURES FOR MINIMISING IMPACT ON FAUNA

338

10.3.5.4

ADDITIONAL PLANTATION ON CARBON SINK

10.3.6

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY

10.3.6.1

PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

339 339 339

10.3.6.2

HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICY

342

10.3.6.3

RULES AND PROCEDURES

10.3.6.4

SAFETY COMMITTEE

10.3.6.5

MEDICAL FACILITIES

343 343 343

10.3.6.5.1

FIRST AID BOXES

344

10.3.6.6

HEALTH AND SAFETY DEVICES AND MEASURES

345

10.3.6.6.1

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES AND MEASURES

345

10.4

POST-PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

346

10.5

CHARTER ON CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (CREP)

346

10.6

CONCLUSION

349

CHAPTER–XI

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

350-357

11.1

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

350

11.2

JUSTIFICATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT

350

11.3

PROJECT LOCATION DETAILS

350

11.4

PROJECT REQUIREMENT DETAILS

351

11.4.1

LAND REQUIREMENT

351

11.4.2

WATER REQUIREMENT

351

11.4.3

COAL REQUIREMENT

352

11.4.4

MANPOWER

352

11.5

ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE STUDIES CONDUCTED

352

11.5.1

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

352

11.5.2

WATER QUALITY

353

11.5..3

SOIL CHARACTERISTICS

353

11.5..4

NOISE LEVEL SURVEY

353

11.5.5

FLORA AND FAUNA STUDIES

353

11.6

ADDITIONAL STUDIES CONDUCTED

353

11.6.1

RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT STUDIES

11.6.2

GEOLOGICAL & HYDRO GEOLOGICAL STUDIES

11.6.3

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDIES

n

353 354 354


S. NO.

PARTICULARS

11.6.4

PUBLIC HEARING CONSULTATION

11.7

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

355

11.7.1

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

355

11.7.2

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL

355

11.7.3

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

356

11.7.4

NOISE POLLUTION MANAGEMENT

356

11.7.5

GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

357

11.8

CONCLUSION

357

CHAPTER–XII


358-360

12.1


358

o

PAGE NO. 355


LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO.

PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.

1.1

CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT

29

1.2

BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT THE PROJECT

31

2.1

INSTALLED POWER CAPACITY IN MADHYA PRADESH (31ST JAN, 2013)

38

2.2

ANTICIPATED POWER SUPPLY POSITION IN THE COUNTRY DURING 2012-13 (Actual)

38

2.3

SUPPLY & DEMAND SCENARIO (2012-13)

40

2.4

MP PEAK POWER LOAD & ENERGY REQUIREMENT

41

2.5

AREA BREAK-UP

47

2.6

LAND-USEAS PER REVENUE RECORDS (in Acres)

48

2.7

DETAILS OF PRESENT LAND USAGE AT THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE

48

2.8

LAND ACQUISITION STATUS

48

2.9

LAND DETAILS OF WATER PIPELINE

49

2.10

LAND DETAILS FOR RAILWAY CORRIDOR

49

2.11

LAND DETAILS FOR RAILWAY CORRIDOR-IN ASH DYKE AREA(35 MT WIDE)

49

2.12

LAND DETAILS FOR RAILWAY CORRIDOR-OUTSIDE PLANT

50

2.13

UNIT-WISE WATER REQUIREMENT

50

2.14 (i)

ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC COAL

56

2.14 (ii)

ANALYSIS OF IMPORTED COAL

57

CHARACTERISTICS OF HFO

58

CHARACTERISTICS OF LDO

58

RATED PARAMETERS OF STEAM GENERATOR

63

2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 3.1

PROPOSED MITIGATION MESURES

78

DATA GENERATED FOR POST-MONSOON SEASON

81

3.2

LAND USE PATTERN OF THE CORE ZONE

88

3.3

LAND USE / LAND COVER DETAILS OF BUFFER ZONE

90

p


3.4

GEOGRAPHICAL SUCCESSION NEAR THE DAM SITE & IN RESERVOIR AREA

92

3.5

DETAILS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS

99

3.6

SURFACE WATER QUALITY

100

3.7

GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS

102

3.8

GROUND WATER QUALITY

104

3.9

MICROMETEOROLOGY AT THE SITE

108

3.10

LOCATIONS OF AAQ MONITORING STATIONS

110

3.11

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

112

3.12

NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (Revised- November 2009)

113

3.13

LOCATIONS OF NOISE MONITORING STATIONS

115

3.14

AVERAGE NOISE LEVEL

117

3.15

CPCB NOISE STANDARDS

118

3.16

SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS

119

3.17

SOIL ANALYSIS REPORT

121

3.18

STANDARD SOIL CLASSIFICATION

123

3.19

CROPPING PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA

125

3.20

CROPPING PATTERN (KHARIF CROPS)

126

3.21

CROPPING PATTERN (RABI CROPS)

127

3.22

LIST OF FLORA

128

3.23

LIST OF PLANT SPECIES IN BUFFER ZONE

129

3.24

LIST OF FAUNA(CORE ZONE)

131

3.25

LIST OF FAUNA(BUFFER ZONE)

131

3.26

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF MADHYA PRADESH STATE

135

3.27

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF KHANDWA DISTRICT

136

3.28

DEMOGRAPHY DETAILS OF STUDY AREA

138

3.29

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE VILLAGES SURVEYED IN

142

THE BUFFER ZONE 3.30

WORK FORCES OF THE SURVEYED VILLAGES

146

3.31

EDUCATION FACILITIES OF THE SURVEYED VILLAGES

148

q


3.32

MEDICAL FACILITIES OF SURVEYED VILLAGES

149

3.33

INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES OF SURVEYED VILLAGES

150

3.34

INDUSTRIES FALLING WITHIN 10 KMS

153

4.1

STACK EMISSION DETAILS

159

4.2 (A)

PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL

160

CONCENTRATIONS (For Domestic Coal) 4.2 (B)

PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL

160

CONCENTRATIONS (For Imported Coal) 4.3

RESULTANT CONCENTRATIONS DUE TO INCREMENTAL GLCS

168

(Domestic & Imported Coal) 4.4

EXPECTED SOLID WASTE FROM POWER PLANT

169

4.5

MAJOR NOISE GENERATING SOURCES

171

4.6

ANTICIPATED ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION

172

4.7

FLY ASH UTILIZATION PLAN

179

5.1

COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE SITES

182

6.1

POST PROJECT MONITORING

188

6.2

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

188

6.3


193

6.4

EMP COST BREAK UP

193

7.1

POTENTIAL RISK AREAS OF PROPOSED EXPANSION PROJECT

231

7.2

PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR STORAGE AREAS

232

7.3

PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA)FOR THE POWER PLANT

232

7.4

233

7.5

FIRE & EXPLOSION INDEX FOR DEGREE OF HAZARDS HAZARD INTENSITIES OF THE CHEMICAL

7.6

HEAT RADIATION HAZARDS DUE TO STORAGE

235

7.7

CHLORINE MORTAALITY IN 30 MINUTES

237

7.8

IMPACT DISTANCES FOR CHLORINE DISCHARGE FOR DIFFERENT SCENARIOS

238

7.9

242

7.10

MODELLING RISK DUE TO STORAGE EFFECT OF HEAT RADIATION

7.11

HEAT RADIATION AND FATALITY

249

r

234

249


7.12

LIST OF IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS

252

7.13

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS) FOR FUEL OIL AND

253

CHLORINE 7.14

GROUND WATER LEVEL MONITORING

279

7.15

NARMADA SAGAR PROJECT

287

7.16

POSITION OF NARMADA SAGAR DAM SITE AT 75% DEPENDENCY

288

7.17

STATE WISE UTILIZABLE FLOW & ALLOCATED SHARE IN

289

NARMADA BASIN (DURING 2009-10) 7.18

STATE WISE WATER WITHDRAWALS (DURING 2009-10)

289

7.19

ANNUAL WATER ACCOUNT UP TO SARDAR SAROVAR DAM (During 2009-10)

290

7.20

OUTFLOW FROM POWER HOUSE AND SPILLWAYS

292

10.1

IDENTIFICATION OF THE EFFLUENTS AND THE RECYCLING

328

10.2

WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT

334

10.3

PLANTATION WITHIN THE PLANT

337

10.4

PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES FOR POSSIBLE POLLUTION PATHWAYS

338

10.5

FREQUENCY OF PERIODICAL EXAMINATION OF EMPLOYEES

341

10.6

PROPOSED LOCATION OF FIRST AID BOXES

345

10.7

ACTION PLAN OF DEL FOR FOLLOWING CREP POINTS

346

s


PAGE NO. 34

2.1

LIST OF FIGURES PARTICULARS MAP SHOWING ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS OF THE STUDY AREA (10 KM RADIUS) GRAPH SHOWING GROWTH IN PRIMARY ENERGY DEMAND

2.2

LOCATION MAP

43

2.3

PLANT LAYOUT

46

2.4 2.5

52 53

2.6

WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM PROPOSED WATER INTAKE POINT OF INDIRA SAGAR RESERVOIR RAIL CONNECTIVITY (DAHEJ PORT & SECL KORBA TO BARUD)

2.7

RAILWAY CORRIDOR MAP (FROM BARUD RAILWAY STATION

56

FIGURE NO. 1.1

41

55

TO SITE) 2.8

PROCESS FLOW CHART

61

3.1

SATELLITE IMAGE OF CORE ZONE

86

3.2

SATELLITE IMAGE OF BUFFER ZONE

87

3.3

LAND USE/LAND COVER MAP FOR CORE ZONE

89

3.4

LAND USE/LAND COVER MAP FOR BUFFER ZONE

91

3.5

93

3.6

REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND MINERAL MAP OF MADHYA PRADESH (MODIFIED AFTER GSI). THE RED CIRCLE INDICATES LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE GEOLOGY & TECTONIC MAP NEAR THE PROJECT SITE

3.7

SEISMIC MAP OF INDIA(SHOWING THE PROJECT SITE)

96

3.8

KEY PLAN SHOWING SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS KEY PLAN SHOWING GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS WINDROSE DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT SITE

98

3.9 3.10 3.11

94

103 109 111

3.12

KEY PLAN SHOWING AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATION KEY PLAN SHOWING NOISE LEVEL MONITORING LOCATIONS

3.13(A)

GRAPH SHOWING NOISE LEVELS AT DAY TIME

117

3.13(B)

GRAPH SHOWING NOISE LEVELS AT NIGHT TIME

117

3.14 3.15

KEY PLAN SHOWING SOIL QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS MAP OF KHANDWA DISTRICT

120 136

3.16

GRAPH SHOWING SC/ST POPULATION OF SURVEYED VILLAGES IN STUDY AREA

144

t

116


3.17

GRAPH SHOWING LITERACY RATE OF SURVEYED VILLAGES IN STUDY AREA GRAPH SHOWING WORK FORCE OF SURVEYED VILLAGES IN THE STUDY AREA

145

4.1

KEY PLAN SUPERIMPOSED WITH WINDROSE DIAGRAM

161

4.2

162

7.1

ISOPLETH SHOWING MAXIMUM PREDICTED GLC OF PM10 (Domestic Coal) ISOPLETH SHOWING MAXIMUM PREDICTED GLC OF PM10(Imported Coal) ISOPLETH SHOWING MAXIMUM PREDICTED GLC OF SO2 (Domestic Coal) ISOPLETH SHOWING MAXIMUM PREDICTED GLC OF SO2 (Imported Coal) ISOPLETH SHOWING MAXIMUM PREDICTED GLC OF NO2, (Domestic Coal) ISOPLETH SHOWING MAXIMUM PREDICTED GLC OF NO2, (Imported Coal) GENERAL COORDINATION AMONG ON SITE EMERGENCY TEAM

7.2

TOXIC THREAT ZONE DUE TO CHLORINE

240

7.3

THREAT ZONE CHLORINE (Super imposed on Plant Layout)

241

7.4(A)

OVER PRESSURE THREAT ZONE- HFO

243

7.4 (B)

FLAMMABLE THREAT ZONE-HFO

244

7.5

THREAT ZONE HFO (Super imposed on Plant Layout)

245

7.6

FLAMMABLE THREAT ZONE-LDO

245

7.7

THRET ZONE LDO (Super imposed on Plant Layout)

247

7.8 7.9

OVER-PRESSURE (BLAST FORCE) THREAT ZONE:-LDO TYPICAL SCHEMATIC FIGURE SHOWING DESILTING WITH FILTER & INJECTION WELL (CROSS-SECTIONAL VIEW)

248 302

7.10

TYPICAL SCHEMATIC FIGURE SHOWING DESILTING WITH FILTER & INJECTION WELL (LONGITUDINAL VIEW)

303

3.18

4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7

u

147

163 164 165 166 167 226


ANNEXURE NO.

LIST OF ANNEXURES CONTENT

1

BRIEF SUMMARY

2A

APPLICATION FOR WATER ALLOCATION

2B

WATER APPROVAL LETTER

3A

APPLICATION FOR DOMESTIC COAL LINKAGE

3B

MoU FOR IMPORTED COAL

4 A

MoU WITH MP GOVT. (in the name of JKCL)

4 B

MoU EXTENSION (in the name of Dwarkesh Energy Limited)

5.

FOREST APPLICATION

6

DETAILED AAQM TABLE

7

SIA REPORT

8

HOURLY MICROMETEOROLY TABLE

9

LAND COMPENSATION DETAILS

10

MoU FOR FLY ASH UTILIZATION

11

WATER SUSTAINAIBILITY REPORT BY Ms. BHOPAL STUDIO LTD.

12

DETAILS OF COMPETATIVE USERS

13

SEASONAL DATA FOR INDRA SAGAR RESERVOIR

14

IN-PRINCIPLE APPROVAL FOR RAILWAY SIDING

15

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR APPRAISAL

v


List of Abbreviation S. No. 1.

ABBREVIATION DEL

EXPANDED FORM Dwarkesh Energy Limited

2

°C

Degree Centigrade

3

AAQ

Ambient Air Quality

4

AAQM

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

5

ACW

Auxiliary cooling water system

6

AERMOD

7

ANSI

American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model American National Standards Institute'

8

APM

Agriculture Producing Market

9

ASTM

American Standard Test Method

10

AVT

All-Volatile Treatment

11

BCM

Billion cubic Meter

12

BFBP

Boiler feed booster pumps

13

BFP

Boiler feed pump

14

BLEVEs

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions

15

BMCR

Boiler Maximum continuous ratio

16

CDM

Clean Development Mechanism

17

CEA

Central Electrical Authority

18

CEP

Committee for Environmental Protection

19

CFU

Cell Forming Unit

20

CIFRI

Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute

21

CMB

Central Monitoring Basin

22

COC

Cycle of Concentration

23

CPCB

Central Pollution Control Board

24

CSR

Corporate Social Responsibilities

25

CW

Circulating Water

26

CWC

Central Water Commission

27

CWPRS

Central water & Power research station

28

DM Plant

Demineralisation Plant

29

DMP

Disaster Management Plan

31

EC

Environmental Clearance

32

ECC

Emergency Control Center

33

ECO

Emergency coordinating officer

34

EHS

Environmental, Health and Safety

w


35

EHV

Extra High Voltage

36

EIA

Environmental Impact Assessment

37

EMC

Environmental Monitoring Cell

38

EMP

Environmental Management Plan

39

EAC

Expert Appraisal Committee

40

EPO

Emergency planning officer

41

ERDAS

Earth Resources Data Analysis System

42

ESP

Electrostatic Precipitator

43

FCC

False Color Composite

44

FE&TI

Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index

45

FFs

Fabric filters

46

FGD

flue gas desulphurization

47

FGDs

flue gas desulfurization

49

FPM

Fine Particulate Matter

50

FRL

full reservoir level

51

FSO

Fire and Safety Officer

52

GCP

Ground Control Points

53

GCP

Gas Cleaning Plant

54

GCV

Gross Calorific Value

55

GHF

General Hazard Factors

56

GLC

Ground Level Concentrations

57

GOI

Government Of India

58

GW

Ground water

59

HCSD

High Concentration Slurry Disposal

60

HFO

Heavy Fuel Oil

61

HFO

Heavy Furnace Oil

62

HP

High Pressure

63

HVWS

High Velocity Water Sprays

64

IBR

Indian Boiler Regulations

65

IDLH

Immediate Danger to Life and Health

66

IMD

Indian Meteorological Department

67

JKLCL

JK Lakshmi Cement Limited

68

JMEPL

JM Enviro Net Private Limited

69

kcal

Kilo Calorie

70

kg

Kilo Gram

x


71

km

Kilometer

72

kWh

Kilo Watt Hour

73

LDO

Light Diesel Oil

74

LEL

Lower Explosive Limit

75

LOC

Level of Concern

76

LP

Low Pressure

77

LPH

Liters Per Hour

78

m³/hr

Cubic meter per hour

79

MCAA

Maximum Credible Accident Analysis

80

MCM

Million Cubic Meter

81

MCR

Maximum Continous Rating

82

MF

Material Factor

83

MoEF

Ministry of Environment and Forests

84

MSL

Mean Sea Level

85

MTPA

Million Tonnes per Annum

86

MVWS

Medium Velocity Water Spray

87

MW

Megawatt

89

NAAQS

National Ambient Air Quality Standards

90

NaOH

Sodium Hydroxide

91

NFPA

National Fire Prevention Association

92

NIH

National Institute of Hydrology

93

NNW

North of North East

94

NVDA

Narmada Valley Development Authority

95

NVDD

Narmada Valley Development Department

96

NWDT

Narmada Water Dispute Tribunal

97

OISD

Oil Industry Safety Directorate

98

OM

Operation and Maintenance

99

OSE

On Site Emergency

100

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

101

OT

Occupational Therapy

102

PAS

Public Address System

103

PET

potential Evapo - Tranpiration

104

PLC

Programmable Logic Controllers

105

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment

106

RH

ReHeater

y


107

SC

Schedule Caste

108

SECR

Site Emergency Control Room

109

SH

Super heater

110

SHGs

Self help Groups

111

SMC

Site Main Controller

112

SONATA

Sone-Narmada-Tapti Lineament

113

SPCB

State Pollution Control Board

114

SPH

Special Process Hazard Factors

115

SPV

Special purpose Vehicle

116

SSP

Sardar Sarovar Project

117

ST

Schedule Tribes

118

STEL

Short term exposure limit

119

STG

steam turbine generator

120

STP

Sewage Treatment Plant

121

TAC

Tariff Advisory Committee

122

TDS

Total Dissolved Solids

123

TLV

Threshold limit value

124

TMCR

Turbine Maximum Continous Rating

125

ToR

Terms of Reference

126

TPD

Tons Per Day

127

TPD

Temperate Programme Desorption

128

TPH

Tons Per Hour

129

TPH

Total petroleum Hydrocarbon

130

TPP

Thermal Power Project

131

USEPA

United States Environmental Protection

132

UTM

Unified Threat Management

133

VWO

Valve Wide Open

134

WCL

Western Coalfield Limited

135

WTP

Water Treatment Plant

z

1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant At Villages–Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil –Harsud, Distt. – Khandwa (Madhya Pradesh) Point-wiseToR Reply

TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) LETTER POINT WISE REPLY MoEF F. No. J-13012/ 17/ 2011- IA.II (T) and letter dated 26th July, 2011 S.

ToR Points

TOR Reply

No. 1.

Vision

document

specifying Vision for the project includes the successful

prospective long term plan of the commissioning of the project, serving the country site, if any, shall be formulated and and society at large. Apart from the State of the submitted.

Art technology for the project and best possible environmental safeguards, we shall thrive for the development of the stakeholders at large. Our long term Corporate Social Responsibility plan shall help in bringing the desired impetus for the sustainable growth of the area and bringing the employment and financial opportunities. The long term Vision Plan is incorporated in Chapter-I under item 1.2.3 on Page no. 30 of the Final EIA/EMP Report.

2.

Status

of

conditions

compliance

to

stipulated

the Not Applicable since it is a Green Field Project. for

environmental and CRZ clearances of the previous phase(s), as applicable, shall be submitted. 3.

Executive summary of the project Executive Summary of the project has been indicating relevant details along prepared and enclosed as Annexure-1 of the with recent photographs of the Final EIA/EMP report. approved site shall be provided. Recent Photographs of the approved site are Response to the issues raised during incorporated under Section 2.3.1 of Chapter-II on public hearing and to the written Page no. 44 of Final EIA/EMP Report. Public representations (if any), along with Hearing for the Project was conducted on 31st a time bound action plan and August, 2012 at at the Gram Panchayat Bhawan, budgetary allocations to address the Village Torniya, Tehsil Harsud, District Khandwa, same, shall be provided in a tabular M.P. Public Hearing Proceeding along with Issues form, against each action proposed.

M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL)

raised, replies from the project proponent,

9

JM EnviroNet Pvt Ltd.


actions plan and budgetary allocations are incorporated under Section 7.1 and 7.1.2, Page No. 195-220 In Chapter-VII of Final EIA/EMP Report. 4.

Harnessing solar power within the Feasibility studies for harnessing solar power premises of the plant particularly at within premises are under process by State available roof tops and other Ministry of Renewable Energy Resources and TC available areas shall be formulated Energy Infratech (Engineering Consultant). and status of implementation shall Details of the same have been incorporated under be submitted to the Ministry.

section 7.8 of Chapter VII, and Page no. 305 of the Final EIA/EMP Report.

5.

The coordinates of the approved The Coordinates of the approved site and Ash site including location of ash pond Pondare incorporated in Chapter-I, Section 1.3, shall be submitted along with topo Table 1.1, and Page no. 31 of Final EIA/EMP sheet

(1:50,000

scale)

and Report.

confirmed GPS readings of plant The satellite map of the study area has been boundary and NRS satellite map of prepared and is incorporated in Chapter-III, the area, shall be submitted. Section 3.4.1, Figure 3.1 and 3.2 and Page no. 86Elevation of plant site and ash pond 87 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. with respect to HFL of water body/nallah/river shall be specified, if the site is located in proximity to them. 6.

Layout plan indicating break-up of Layout plan has been incorporated in Chapter-II, plant area, ash pond, area for green Fig no. 2.4 under item no. 2.4 and Page no. 46 of belt, infrastructure, roads etc. shall Final EIA/EMP Report be provided.

7.

Land shall be restricted to 750 acres Possibility of restricting land to 750 acres has (including ash pond).

been worked out extensively. However, the total land required for the proposed project is approx. 935.00 acres +100 Acres for Township as per the revised CEA norms. The detailed break-up of the same has been


10



incorporated in Chapter-II under item 2.5.1, Table no. 2.5 and Page no. 47 of Final EIA/EMP Report. 8.

Land requirement for the project Details of land requirement along with the Item shall be optimized and in any case wise break up of land requirement is incorporated not more than what has been in Chapter-II under item no. 2.5.1, Table no. 2.5 specified by CEA from time to time. and page no. 47 of Final EIA/EMP Report under Item wise break up of land Layout plan has been incorporated in Chapter-II, requirement and revised layout (as Fig no.2.4, under item no. 2.4 and Page no 46 of modified by the EAC) shall be Final EIA/EMP Report. provided.

9.

Present land use as per the revenue Details of Present land use as per the revenue records (free of all encumbrances of records have been incorporated in Chapter-II, the

proposed

site,

shall

be under item no. 2.5.1.1, Table 2.6 & 2.7 and Page

furnished. Information on land to be no. 48 of Chapter II of Final EIA/EMP Report. acquired)

if

any,

for

coal Details of Coal transportation is incorporated in

transportation system as well as for Under Section 2.5.3.3, Page no. 54-56 in Chapter-II laying of pipeline including ROW of Final EIA/EMP Report. shall be specifically stated.

Details of Pipeline laying including ROW is incorporated in Under Section 2.5.1.2, Page No. 49-50 in Chapter-II of Final EIA/EMP Report.

10.

The

issues

relating

to

land There are no issues related to land acquisition so

acquisition and R&R scheme with a far. time bound Action Plan should be There is no displacement from the project site. formulated and clearly spelt out in Appropriate compensation was paid to the land the EIA report.

losers. The details of compensation are enclosed as Annexure 9 with the Final EIA/EMP Report.

11.

Satellite imagery or authenticated Satellite imagery & Land Use Map prepared from topo sheet indicating drainage, it, indicating drainage, cropping pattern, water cropping pattern, water bodies bodies (river system, stream, nallahs, ponds etc.), (wetland, river system, stream, location of nearest villages, rivers, reservoirs etc. nallahs, ponds etc.), location of in the study area is incorporated in Chapter-III, nearest villages, creeks, mangroves, Section 3.4.1, Figure no. 3.2 and Page no. 87 & rivers, reservoirs etc. in the study item no. 3.4.3, Figure no. 3.4, Page no. 91 of the


11



area shall be provided. 12.

Final EIA/EMP Report.

Location of any National Park, No Eco sensitive Zone viz. National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Elephant/Tiger Reserve Sanctuary, Elephant/ Tiger Reserve (existing as (existing as well as proposed), well as proposed),Biosphere reserve, Migratory migratory routes / wildlife corridor, route/wildlife corridors falling with the 10 km if any, within 10 km of the project radius of the project site. The same has been site shall be specified and marked mentioned in Chapter-I under section 1.3 and on the map duly authenticated by Table no.1.2 and Page no. 31-33 of the Final EIA/ the Office of the Chief Wildlife EMP Report. Warden of the area concerned.

13.

Topography of the study area The topography of the site is flat. No filling shall supported by toposheet on 1:50,000 be required as the site almost has a flat scale of Survey of India, along with a topography. large scale map preferably of The small undulations in the site shall be leveled 1:25,000 scale and the specific up within the site taking the fill material esp. from information

whether

the

site the ash dyke and raw water reservoir. Details of

requires any filling shall be the same have been incorporated in Chapter-IV provided. In that case, details of under section 4.2.1.1 and Page no. 155 of the filling, quantity of fill material Final EIA/ EMP Report. required; its source, transportation etc. shall be submitted. 14.

A detailed study on land use pattern Details of land use pattern in the study area are in the study area shall be carried out incorporated in Chapter III, Section 3.4.2, and including identification of common 3.4.3, figure no. 3.3 and 3.4 on Page no. 88 -91 of property resources (such as grazing the Final EIA/EMP Report. and

community

land,

water The study area consists of fallow land at few

resources etc.) available and Action places. Proper and suitable help shall be given to Plan

for

its

protection

and the locals by creating awareness for new

management shall be formulated.

agricultural practices viz. mixed farming, crop rotation and agricultural cropping pattern suitable for the study area and also by providing seeds, manure and fertilizers from different sources on contributory basis. The plan shall be undertaken under CSR activities proposed for the


12



project; details incorporated in Chapter-VIII section 8.3 & 8.4, Page no. 311-321 of the Final EIA/EMP Report. 15.

A

mineralogical

map

of

the Details of the same have been incorporated in

proposed site (including soil type) Chapter-III under section 3.5.1, figure no. 3.5 and and information (if available) that Page no. 93 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. the

site

is

economically

not

located

feasible

on

mineable

mineral deposit shall be submitted. 16.

Details of 100% fly ash utilization Details of the same have been incorporated in plan as per latest fly ash Utilization Chapter-IV under section 4.6.4.1, Table no. 4.7 Notification of GOI along with firm and page no. 179-180 of the Final EIA/ EMP agreements / MoU with contracting Report. parties including other usages etc. M/s. Dwarkesh Energy Limited has signed an shall be submitted. The plan shall MoU with M/s. JK Lakshmi Cement Limited for also include disposal method / utilization of fly ash. The MoU is attached as mechanism of bottom ash.

17.

Annexure 10 with the Final EIA/EMP Report.

Detailed information on industrial There is only one small crusher plant at a activities in and around 10 km distance of 1.5 km in SW direction. Details of the radius shall be furnished.

same have been incorporated in Chapter-III under section 3.15, Table no. 3.34 and Page no 153 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report.

18.

Water requirement, calculated as Water requirement, calculated as per norms per norms stipulated by CEA from stipulated by CEA from time to time, along with time to time, shall be submitted water balance diagram is incorporated in Chapter along with water balance diagram. II, Section 2.5.2 and Page no. 50-52. Water Details of water balance calculated balance is shown in Figure 2.5 and Page no. 52 of shall take into account reuse and re- the Final EIA/EMP Report. circulation of effluents which shall be explicitly specified.

19.

Water body/nallah (if any) passing There is no nallah passing across the project site across the site should not be and thus no diversions required. Change of land disturbed as far as possible. In case use shall level up the site and result in closure of


13



any nallah / drain has to be these nallahs. Details of the same have been diverted, it shall be ensured that the incorporated in Chapter-III under section 3.8 and diversion does not disturb the Page no. 97 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. natural drainage pattern of the area. Details of diversion required shall be furnished which shall be duly approved

by

the

concerned

department. 20.

Details of water availability in Indira Details of the same have been incorporated in Sagar Reservoir for the last 50 years Chapter-VII under section 7.5.6 & 7.5.7 on Page shall be obtained and submitted no. 286-292 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. Water along with end users of the water sustainability study was done by Design Studio, upstream and downstream of the Bhopal. The report is enclosed as Annexure 11 of intake point for the proposed power the Final EIA/EMP Report. plant.

21.

It shall also be ensured that a A minimum of 500 m distance of plant boundary minimum of 500 m distance of plant is kept from HFL of river system/ streams etc. boundary is kept from the HFL of river system / streams etc.

22.

Hydro-geological study of the area Details of the same have been incorporated in shall be carried out through an Chapter-VII under section 7.5 and Page no. 276institute/ organization of repute to 295 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. assess the impact on ground and surface water regimes. Specific mitigation measures shall be spelt out and time bound action plan for its

implementation

shall

be

submitted. 23.

Detailed Studies on the impacts of Details of the same have been incorporated in the ecology including fisheries of Chapter-VII under section 7.5.8 of the Final EIA/ the river/estuary/sea due to the EMP Report on Page no. 292-295. proposed withdrawal of water/ Plant shall be design for Zero Effluent discharge discharge of treated wastewater from the plant activity. The locations of intake


14



into the river/creek/ sea etc shall be point are incorporated in Chapter-II, figure 2.6 carried out and submitted along and Page no. 53 of the Final EIA/EMP report. with the EIA Report. In case of requirement of marine impact assessment study, the location of intake and outfall shall be clearly specified along with depth of water drawl and discharge into open sea. 24.

Source

of

water

and

its Details of the same have been incorporated in

sustainability even in lean season Chapter VII under section 7.5.6 to 7.5.8 and Page shall be provided along with details no. 286-295 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. The of ecological impacts arising out of details of competitive users were collected from withdrawal of water and taking into Department of Chief Executive Officer, Indra account

inter-state

any). Information

shares on

(if Sagar Canal Projects. The details are enclosed as

other Annexure 12 with the Final EIA/EMP Report.

competing sources downstream of Seasonal data for Indra Sagar Reservoir is the proposed project. Commitment enclosed as Annexure 13 with the Final regarding availability of requisite EIA/EMP Report. quantity

of

water

from

Competent Authority shall

the Permission for the grant of 37.2 MCM of water be per annum was granted by Water Resource

provided along with letter / Department vide its Letter dated 28-02-2013. A document stating firm allocation of copy is enclosed as Annexure 2B with the Final water. 25.

EIA/EMP Report.

Detailed plan for carrying out Details of the same have been incorporated in rainwater

harvesting

and

its Chapter-VII under section 7.6 and Page no. 295-

proposed utilization in the plant 303 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. shall be furnished. 26.

Feasibility of zero discharge concept Zero discharge will be adopted. Feasibility shall be critically examined and its studies for the same are under process. Details of details submitted.

the same have been incorporated in Chapter-X under section 10.3.2 and Page no. 328-335 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report.

27.

Optimization of COC along with COC 5.0 will be adopted for the proposed project.


15



other water conservation measures Details of the other water conservation have been in the project shall be specified.

incorporated

in

Chapter-X

under section

10.3.2.1.2 and Page no. 333-334 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. 28.

Plan for recirculation of ash pond Ash pond water will be re-circulated. Details of water and its implementation shall the same have been incorporated in Chapter-II be submitted.

under section 2.6.19.3 and Page No. 77 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report.

29.

Detailed

plan

monitoring

of

for

conducting Details of monitoring have been incorporated in

water

quality Chapter VI and page no. 186-194 of the Final EIA/

regularly with proper maintenance EMP Report. of records shall be formulated. Detail

of

methodology

and

identification of monitoring points (between the plant and drainage in the direction of flow of surface / ground water) shall be submitted. It shall be ensured that parameter to be monitored also include heavy metals. 30.

Socio-economic study of the study Socio-economic study of the study area area comprising of 10 km from the comprising of 10 km from the plant site has been plant site shall be carried out by a incorporated in Chapter-III, item 3.14 and Page reputed institute / agency which no. 132-152 the Final EIA/EMP Report. shall consist of detail assessment of the impact on livelihood of local communities.

31.

Action plan for identification of local Details of the activities proposed for training, employable youth for training in employment as a part of proposed CSR plan have skills, relevant to the project, for been incorporated in Chapter-VIII, Section 8.5 on eventual employment in the project Page no. 322 of the Final EIA/EMP Report. itself shall be formulated and numbers

specified


during

16



construction & operation phases of the Project. 32.

If the area has tribal population it The project area includes schedule caste (1.11%), shall be ensured that the rights of schedule tribe (3.89) and mainly other backward tribals are well protected. The class (95%). Plan for their resettlement as well as project proponent shall accordingly development has been made. Detail report is identify tribal issues under various annexed as Annexure- 7with the Final EIA/EMP provisions of the law of the land.

33.

Report.

A detailed CSR plan along with Details of the same have been incorporated in activities wise break up of financial Chapter-VIII under section 8.4 on Page No. 313commitment shall be prepared. CSR 321 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. Separate component shall be identified budget for community development activities and considering need based assessment income generating programmes has been made. study.

Sustainable

income

generating measures which can help in upliftment of poor section of society, which is consistent with the traditional skills of the people, shall be identified. Separate budget for community development activities and income generating programmes shall be specified. 34.

While formulating CSR schemes it Details of the same have been incorporated in shall be ensured that an in-built Chapter-VIII of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. The monitoring mechanism for the social audit will be done after 6 months of schemes identified are in place and Environmental clearance and will be submitted mechanism for conducting annual with the compliance report. social audit from the nearest government institute of repute in the region shall be prepared. The project proponent shall also provide action plan for the status of implementation of the scheme from time to time and dovetail the same


17



with any Govt. scheme(s). CSR details done in the past should be clearly spelt out in case of expansion projects. 35.

R&R plan, as applicable, shall be There is no habitation in the project site hence no formulated wherein mechanism for re-habitation is required for the same. Detail protecting the rights and livelihood Social Impact Assessment Report has been of the people in the region who are prepared after conducting socio economic likely to be impacted, is taken into surveys for the villages concerned, incorporating consideration. R&R plan shall be land acquisition details, project affected families formulated after a detailed census & impact, Rehabilitation & Resettlement policy of population based on socio and Legal Framework involved. The report is economic

surveys

who

were enclosed as Annexure-7 of Final EIA/EMP

dependant on land falling in the Report. project, as well as, population who were dependant on land not owned by them. 36.

Assessment of occupational health No endemic disease is prevailing in the area. The as

endemic

diseases

of occupational health shall be assessed periodically

environmental origin shall be and action plan for mitigation of the same shall be carried out and action plan to formulated

and

implemented

during

the

mitigate the same shall be prepared. commissioning and operation of the plant. 37.

Occupational health and safety Details of the same have been incorporated in measures for the workers including Chapter-X under section 10.3.6 on Page No 339identification of work related health 346 .of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. hazards shall be formulated. The company shall engage full time qualified doctors who are trained in occupational

health.

Health

monitoring of the workers shall be conducted at periodic intervals and health

records

maintained.

Awareness programme for workers due to likely adverse impact on their


18



health due to working in nonconducive environment shall be carried out and precautionary measures like use of personal equipments etc. shall be provided. Review of impact of various health measures undertaken at intervals of two years shall be conducted with an excellent follow up plan of action wherever required. 38.

One complete season site specific Details of the same have been incorporated in meteorological

and

AAQ

data Chapter-III under section 3.10 on Page No. 110-

(except monsoon season) as per 115 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. MoEF Notification dated 16.11.2009 The location of the monitoring stations has been shall be collected and the dates of decided considering the pre-dominant downwind monitoring

recorded.

The direction, population zone, villages in the vicinity

parameters to be covered for AAQ and sensitive receptors including reserved shall include SPM, RSPM (PM10, forests. Monitoring station each in the upwind PM2.5), SO2, NOx, Hg and O3 (ground and downwind direction has been taken. Detail of level).

The

location

of

the the AAQM station is incorporated in Under

monitoring stations should be so section 3.10.1, Table No. 3.11 and Page No. 112 in decided so as to take into Chapter-III of Final EIA/EMP Report. consideration the pre-dominant downwind direction, population zone, villages in the vicinity and sensitive

receptors

including

reserved forests. There should be at least one monitoring station each in the upwind and in the pre - dominant downwind direction at a location where maximum ground level concentration is likely to occur. 39.

A list of industries existing and Details of the same have been incorporated in


19



proposed in the study area shall be Chapter III under section 3.15, Table 3.34 on Page furnished. 40.

No. 153 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report.

Cumulative impact of all sources of Details of the same have been incorporated in emissions

(including Chapter-IV under section 4.3.4 on Page No 158

transportation) on the AAQ of the 168 .of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. area shall be well assessed. Details Windrose diagram superimposed on the key plan of the model used and the input is displayed in figure no. 4.1, Page no. 161 in data used for modelling shall also be Chapter-IV of Final EIA/EMP Report. provided. The air quality contours Isopleth are also incorporated as Figure 4.2, 4.3 should be plotted on a location map 4.4, 4.5 and 4.6 and Page No162-167 in Chaptershowing the location of project site, IV in Final EIA/EMP Report. habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. The wind roses should also be shown on the location map as well. 41.

Fuel analysis shall be provided. 6.9 MTPA of Domestic coal/ 4.4 MTPA Imported Details of auxillary fuel, if any, Coal will be required for the proposed project. including its quantity, quality, Small amount of Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) & Light storage etc should also be furnished. Diesel Oil (LDO) will also be used as support (secondary) fuel. Details of the same have been incorporated in Chapter-II under section 2.5.3.4 and Page no. 58-59 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. Fuel analysis along with Auxiliary fuel analysis are incorporated in Table No. 2.14 (i, ii) 2.15 & 2.16 in Page No. 57-59 in Chapter-II in Final EIA/EMP Report. Details of auxiliary fuel Storage are incorporated under section 7.2.14, Table No. 7.9 Page no. 242 in Chapter- VII of Final EIA/EMP Report.

42.

Quantity of fuel required, its source 6.9 MTPA (928 TPH/ 22,253 TPD) of Domestic and

characteristics

documentary

evidence

and coal will be required for the proposed Thermal to Power Plant project. Keeping in view of planning

substantiate confirmed fuel linkage commission and CEA forecast for allocation of


20



shall be furnished.

domestic coal for 12th and 13th plan, it is proposed to use imported coal from the overseas for the project. Imported Coal Requirement is 4.4 MTPA from the Indonesia. The coal will be transported to the plant site using Indian Railways from the West-coast in Maharashtra /Gujarat. The details of the same are incorporated in Chapter-II, Section 2.5.3 and Page no. 54-57 of the Final EIA/EMP Report.

43.

Details of transportation of fuel The coal will be transported to the plant site from the source (including port

using Indian Railways from the West-coast in

handling) to the proposed plant and

Maharashtra /Gujarat.

its impact on ambient AAQ shall be Details of impact on ambient AAQ caused by suitably assessed and submitted. If

proposed

transportation

long

incorporated in Under section 4.3.5, Page No.

distance it shall be ensured that rail

168-168 in Chapter-IV in Final EIA/EMP Report.

entails

a

traffic

for

transportation

is

transportation to the site shall be first assessed. Wagon loading at source shall preferably be through silo/conveyor belt. 44.

Details regarding infrastructure DEL shall develop necessary infrastructure like facilities such as sanitation, fuel, accommodation, water supply, sewerage, medical restrooms, medical facilities, safety facility, etc. for catering the needs of the project during construction phase etc. to be personnel and their families. It is proposed to provided to the labour force during develop township for employees near the plant construction as well as to the casual site. Details of the same have been incorporated workers including truck drivers in Chapter IV of the Final EIA/ EMP Report under during operation phase should be section 4.5.6 on Page no. 175-176. adequately catered for and details furnished.

45.

EMP to mitigate the adverse impacts Details of the same have been incorporated in due to the project along with item - Chapter VI, Section 6.6, Table 6.4 of the Final EIA/ wise cost of its implementation in a


21



time bound manner shall be EMP Report on page no. 193-194. specified. 46.

A Disaster Management Plan (DMP) Details of the same have been incorporated in along with risk assessment study Chapter VII under section 7.2 & 7.3 and 7.4 and including fire and explosion issues Page no. 221-276 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. due to storage and use of fuel should be carried out. It should take into

account

the

maximum

inventory of storage at site at any point of time. The risk contours should be plotted on the plant layout map clearly showing which of the proposed activities would be affected in case of an accident taking place. Based on the same, proposed safeguard measures should be provided. Measures

to

guard

against fire hazards should also be invariably provided. 47.

The DMP so formulated shall Details of the same have been incorporated in include measures against likely Chapter-VII under section 7.3&7.4 on Page No. Tsunami/Cyclones/Storm, Surges/Earthquakes

etc,

255-276 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report. as

applicable. It shall be ensured that DMP consists of both on-site and off-site plan, complete with details of containing likely disaster and shall specifically mention personnel identified for the task. Smaller version of the plan shall be prepared both in English and local languages. 48.

Detailed plan for raising green belt Details of the same have been incorporated in of native

species of

appropriate Chapter-X under section 10.3.5 of the Final EIA/


22



width (50 to 100 m) and consisting EMP Report on Page No. 336-339. of at least 3 tiers around plant boundary (except in areas not possible) with tree density of 2000 to 2500 trees per ha with a good survival rate of about 80% shall be submitted. Photographic evidence must be created and submitted periodically including NRSA reports. 49.

Over and above the green belt, as Application for availability of the degraded carbon

sink, additional forests in the study area made to the Forest

plantation shall be carried out in Department vide letter no. DEL/ POWER/ 2011identified

blocks

of

degraded 12/ 02 dated 07.02.2012. Copy of the same is

forests, in close consultation with being enclosed as Annexure- 5 of the Final EIA/ the District Forests Department. In EMP Report. Details of the plantation have been pursuance to this the project incorporated in Chapter-X under section 10.3.5.1, proponent shall formulate time Table No. 10.3 on Page no. 337-338 of the Final bound action plans along with EIA/ EMP Report. financial allocation and shall submit status of implementation to the Ministry every six months. 50.

Details of the same have been incorporated in

Corporate Environment Policy

a) The company to have a well laid Chapter-X under section 10.1 & 10.2 of the Final down

Environment

Policy EIA/ EMP Report on Page no. 324-326.

approved by its Board of Directors. b) The Environment Policy must prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions. c) The hierarchical system or


23



Administrative Order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental

clearance

conditions must be furnished. d) To have proper checks and balances the company should have a well laid out system of reporting of non compliances / violations

of

environmental

norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large. All the above details should be adequately brought out in the EIA report and in the presentation to the Committee. 51.

Details of litigation pending or No litigation pending or otherwise with respect to otherwise with respect to project in project in any court, tribunal etc. shall invariably any court, tribunal etc. shall be furnished. invariably be furnished.

52.

Besides all the above, the following Has been done. general points will be followed:-

a) All documents to be properly The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of referenced with index, page thermal power project has been prepared and numbers and continuous page enclosed as Annexure-15 with Final EIA/EMP numbering.

Report.

b) Where data is presented in the report especially in table, the period in which the data was collected and the source should


24



invariably be indicated. c) Where the documents provided are in a language other than English, an English translation should be provided. d) The

Questionnaire

environmental

appraisal

for of

thermal power projects as devised earlier by the Ministry shall

also

be

filled

and

submitted. 53.

In addition, information on the CDM shall be practiced for the project. The order following may also be incorporated has been placed to general carbon and in the EIA report.

application to UNFCCC has been also submitted.

1. Is the project intended to have Details of the same have been incorporated in CDM-intent?

Chapter-X under section 10.3.1.1 and Page No.

i) If not, then why?

327-328 of the Final EIA/ EMP Report.

ii) If yes, then

a) Has PIN (Project Idea Note) {or

PCN (Project Concept Note)} been submitted to the NCA? (National CDM Authority) in the MoEF? b) If not, then by when is that expected? c) Has PDD (Project Design Document) been prepared? d) What

is

the Carbon

intensity from your electricity generation

projected

(i.e.

CO2 Tons/MWH or Kg/KWH) e) Amount of CO2 in Tons/year expected to be reduced from the


25



baseline data available on the CEA?sweb-site (www.cea.nic.in)


26


1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant At Villages–Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil –Harsud, Distt. – Khandwa (Madhya Pradesh) Final EIA / EMP Report

CHAPTER–I INTRODUCTION 1.1

PURPOSE OF THE REPORT Economic, social and environmental change is inherent to development. Whilst development aims to bring about positive change, it can also lead to conflicts. In the past, the promotion of economic growth as the motor for increased well-being was the main development thrust with little sensitivity to adverse social or environmental impacts. The need to avoid adverse impacts and to ensure long term benefits led to the concept of sustainability. Sustainability has been accepted as an essential parameter to assess the development, if the aim of increased well-being and greater equity in fulfilling basic needs is to be met for the present and future generation. Industrialization is one of the components of today’s world development, and sustainability need to be maintained along with. Consequently, there is a need to harmonize

developmental

activities

with

the

environmental

concerns.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is one of the tools available with the planners to achieve the above mentioned goals. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) may be defined as: ”A formal process to predict the environmental consequences of human development activities and to plan appropriate measures to eliminate or reduce adverse effects and to augment positive effects”. EIA is an assessment of the possible impact—positive or negative—that a proposed project may have on the environment, together consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision makers consider the ensuing environmental impacts when deciding whether to proceed with a project.EIA, thus, has three main functions: To predict problems, To find ways to avoid them, and To enhance positive effects. To keep the environment congenial for better standard of living, the provisions have been made in the constitution of India and many Enactments have taken place, so M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited

27

JM EnviroNet Pvt. Ltd.


that, industrialization may not have adverse impact on the environment. There are many Acts / Rules / Notifications issued by MoEF in this regard, few of them are mentioned below: Environment (Protection) Act, 1986; Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986; Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974; Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981; Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, dated 14th September 2006. As per the EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006, it is mandatory to have the Environmental Clearance for any new industry or the expansion of the industry from Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, New Delhi. The process involves an analysis of the likely impacts on the environment, recording those effects and proposed appropriate control measures and management to ensure a secure, hale and healthy environment in a report (Draft EIA/EMP Report), undertaking a public consultation exercise on the report, taking into account the comments and the report (Final EIA/EMP Report) when making the final decision and informing the public about that decision afterwards. The sole purpose of the EIA/EMP report is to provide a coherent statement of the potential impacts of a proposal and the measures that can be taken to reduce and remedy them. It contains essential information for: The proponent to implement the proposal in an environmentally and socially responsible way; The responsible authority to make an informed decision on the proposal, including the terms and conditions; and The stakeholders to understand the proposal and its likely impacts on people and the environment.

M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited

28



1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT 1.2.1 ABOUT THE PROJECT Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL) proposes to set up a 1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super critical Coal based Power Plant at Villages Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil Harsud, District Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh. Earlier another group company of JK Organization JK Lakshmi Cement Limited (JKLCL) has signed an MOU for the proposed project at Khandwa (M.P.) with the Energy Department, Govt. of M.P. under the M.P. (Investment in Power Generation Projects) Policy, 2010 on 23rd October, 2010, which is being enclosed as Annexure 4A of the Draft EIA/ EMP Report. Later JKLCL requested MP Govt. for transfer of the project to energy SPV of JK Group- Dwarkesh energy Limited (DEL), which is being enclosed as Annexure 4B. As per EIA Notification, September, 2006 & as amended on 1st December, 2009, this project falls under Project Category A (>500MW, Coal based), S.No. 1(d) (Power generation) and hence it requires Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment & Forest, New Delhi. 1.2.1.1 Chronology of the Project The table below shows the chronology of the proposed project: TABLE NO. 1.1 CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT S. No Particulars

1.2.2

Date

1

Application Submission in MoEF, New Delhi

26-05-2011

2

ToR Presentation in front of EAC members

6-06-2011

4

Grant of ToR

26-07-2011

5

Name Change of Project Proponent

18-05-2012

6

Submission of Public Hearing Documents

8-06-2012

7

Public Hearing Conduction

31-08-2012

About The Project Proponent Dwarkesh Energy Ltd (DEL) is an Energy SPV of J.K. Organization, JK organization was founded over 100 years ago, is an eminent industrial group in India. The Group has multi-business, multi-product and multi-location operations. The Companies in the Group manufacture and sell a large range of products with leadership position in several areas including Automotive Tyres and tubes, Paper & Pulp, Cement, V-Belts, Oil Seals, Power Transmission Systems, Hybrid Seeds, Woolen Textiles, Readymade


29



Apparels, Sugar, Food & Dairy Products, Cosmetics etc. Clinical Research and Software Development are other activities. The Organization is recognized as a dynamic force playing a key role in the resurgence of India. J.K. Organization has different companies for different businesses. Most of these are public limited companies and are quoted on the stock exchange with a large number of public shareholders. 1.2.3 Long Term Vision of the Company In Line with JK Organization, Dwarkesh Energy Limited is also thriving as responsible corporate citizen, a.

To Create Lasting Value -DEL will strive to create lasting value for all our stakeholders through extraordinary efforts. With integrity, innovation and respect for individuals.

b.

For Society - value by focusing on the development needs of the communities we engage with, adopting responsible business practices, and making a sustained effort to preserve the environment.

c.

Lasting to DEL means timeless - value that will endure, regardless of changes in our businesses, people, markets or geographies. By constantly setting and redefining the standard in every business we operate in, we will create enduring value for our employees, customers, partners, shareholders and society.

d.

For Employees - value in the form of professional growth, through an enabling work environment, knowledge sharing, implementation of best practices and growth in their personal life.

e.

For Customers - value through quality products and services, understanding of their needs and proactively providing solutions, and contributing to their business growth.

f.

For Partners - value through building mutually beneficial long term relationships, knowledge sharing and support, and helping them optimize their business potential.

g.

For Shareholders - value through a high return on investment, a profitable and sustainable growth platform, and developing the spirit of enterprise.


30



1.3

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF SITE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT & IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY

1.3.1 Brief Description of Nature of Site, Location of the Project The proposed power plant will come up at village Torniya, Chhippipura and Rampuri, Tehsil Harsud, District Khandwa in state of Madhya Pradesh. TABLE NO. – 1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT THE PROJECT S. NO. 1.

PARTICULARS Project Name

DETAILS 1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant

2.

Location Villages

Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri

Tehsil

Harsud

District

Khandwa

State

Madhya Pradesh

Geographical Coordinates Latitude

21°59'27.58" to 22°1'3.21" N

Longitude

76°45'35.81" to 76°46'.49.61" E

Boundary Coordinates for

A. 21

Main Plant

B. 21

” N 76

” E

C. 22

” N 76

3”E

D. 22

.28”N 76

” E

E. 22

”N 76

F. 22 Ash Pond Coordinates

22

” E

” E

” N 76 ” N to 22

76 Elevation above mean sea

.28” N 76

to 76

3” E .28”N

280 m

level 3.

Toposheet No.

55 B/16, 55 B/12, 55 C/9, 55C/13

Environmental Settings of the area


31



S. NO.

PARTICULARS

DETAILS NH-59A at a distance of 50 km from the proposed

Highway

project site in NW direction. SH-15,500m, S (made recently hence not reflected in SoI Toposheet). Old SH-15, 4 km in NW Nearest Railway Station

Barud R.S (2.0 km, NE)

Nearest Airport

Indore, (180 km)

Nearest Village

Torniya (1km, NW)

Nearest Town

Khandwa (57 kms)

Ghorapachar Nadi (1.5 km, SW) Patal Nadi (6.8km,NE) Agni river (11km, SW) Chota Tawa river (12.5km, NW) Eco sensitive Zone (National No Eco sensitive Zone viz. National Park, Wildlife Nearest Water Bodies

Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Sanctuary, Biosphere reserve wildlife corridors falling Biosphere reserve wildlife with the 10 km radius of the project site. corridors etc.)

Within 10 km radius of the project site Historical & Archeological No Historical & Archeological site and Defence Important Place, Defence establishment is falling within 10 km radius of the Estblishment 4.

project site

Project Requirement Land Requirement

Plant area = 935.00 acres; Township area = 100 acres. Total Land requirement: 1035 acres

Green Belt Development

The green belt will be developed in 312 acres (238 Acres of greenbelt +54 Acres of Laydown area as per CEA +20 Acres of green belt around railway corridor) i.e around 33% of the total plant area.

Project Cost Details

Rs.7354 Crore

Cost for EMP


32



S. NO.

PARTICULARS

DETAILS

Capital Cost for EMP

Rs. 450 Crore

Recurring Cost/annum

Rs. 18 Crore

Water Requirement

37.2 MCM (4245 m3/hr)

Source: Indira Sagar Reservoir [Application submitted vide Letter No. JKLCL/P. Plant/2010-2011/3 dated 08.11.10 to Narmada Valley Development Authority, Bhopal for allocation of water from Indira Sagar Reservoir for the project (Annexure 2A). Permission for drawl of 39.60 MCM/annum was granted by WRD, MP Government vide

its

Letter

no.

o`-i-fu-e-@31@rd@jk-Lr-

&230@2010@873 Dated 09th November 2012. (Copy enclosed as Annexure 2B). Manpower Requirement

275 Persons

Coal Requirement

Application for Coal linkage submitted to Ministry of Coal dated 09th December 2010 for 6.9 MTPA. Due to delay in Coal Allocation, Coal Agreement of 5 Million Tonne/ annum has been signed with Adani Enterprises Limited for Imported Coal till allocation of Linkage coal.

Source: DPR


33



1.3.2 Importance to the Country & Region The review of the statistics reveals that there is an energy shortage to the tune of 8.5% and peak demand shortage of 10.3% on all India bases (actual) during April 2010 – March 2011. Notably there is an acute shortage in certain areas of the country. Due to the various reasons the capacity addition in the past is much less than the planned figures, in particular by Independent Power Producers though the sector was thrown open for private entrepreneurs. There exists a large gap between generation and demand in power now and that the gap will be a sustained and would only keep growing over the next 25 years. The government investments alone would not be able to bridge this gap and the situation offers an opportunity for investment by private entities. The proposed thermal power project with 1320 MW (2 x 660 MW) capacities in Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh will be a step in the direction of meeting the urgent requirement of energy in India. Hence, a project of the order of capacity 1320 MW is well justified in this context. The power from this plant could be wheeled to the power starved areas of India through National Grid. 1.4

SITE SELECTION The project site has been selected taking into consideration the following criteria: No Habitation in the land and less intensive cultivation (single crop and rain dependent.) Land measuring about 935 acres is suitable from both topography and geological aspects. Availability of adequate quantity of water to meet plant water requirement from Indira Sagar reservoir which is at 8 km (aerial distance). Area away from ecologically sensitive zone. Proximity to railway station (2.0 km from Barud) and rail track (1 km) Proximity of state highways at a distance of 500 m & 4 km to facilitate transportation of equipment, construction material and auxiliary fuel. Power evacuation facility; Proximity to an existing EHV (765 kV) pooling station (130 km at Indore, PGCL, at a distance of 130 km) No structure of archeological importance nearby. No populated city in the vicinity. Detail survey for site selection of project activity was done in the state, out of which three sites were selected. These alternative sites i.e. Torniya, Bharari and Pokharni


35



sites were presented in front of MoEF EAC (T) members. Considering the details MoEF then recommended the Project site at Village Torniya in Khandwa district as most suitable for setting up of 1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant. 1.5

SCOPE OF THE STUDY The proposed project was considered before the Expert Appraisal Committee (T) for its technical presentation (ToR) on 4th April, 2011. The case was reconsidered on 6th June, 2011. ToR Letter was issued vide its File No. J-13012/ 17/ 2011- IA.II (T) & Letter dated 26th July 2011 by EAC (T) for preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) in the name of J. K. Lakshmi Cement Ltd. Later, the project of J.K. Lakshmi Cement Ltd. was transferred to Dwarkesh Energy Ltd (Energy SPV of JK Group). Approval for the same has been taken from Ministry of Environment & Forest vide letter no J13012/17/2011 - IA. II (T) dated 18 May, 2012. The documents were then submitted for Public Consultation which was conducted on 31st August, 2012. The Final EIA/EMP Report has been prepared incorporating all the prescribed ToR points by MoEF along with the issued raised in public hearing proceedings.


36



CHAPTER–II PROCESS DESCRIPTION 2.1

TYPE AND NEED OF THE PROJECT

2.1.1

Type of the Project Dwarkesh Energy Limited proposes to set up 1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant at Villages–Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil –Harsud, Distt. – Khandwa (Madhya Pradesh). As per EIA notification dated 14thSeptember and as amended on 1st December, 2009, this project falls under Category ‘A’ (> 500MW, Coal based), S. No. 1(d) (Thermal Power Plants), & hence Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forest, New Delhi is necessary.

2.1.2

Need for the Project

2.1.2.1

Scenario of Power Requirement in the Country Even after the global economic meltdown, India registered a GDP growth of 6.5% in 2011-12. Though modest, compared to its blockbuster performance of 8.4% in the previous two years, it is still respectable, given the dire economic breakdown in developed countries. Growth forecast for GDP for 2012-13 has been put at 6.7%, by the Economic Advisory Council to Prime Minister, in their report of August 2012. Planning Commission has estimated that during XII Five Year plan period (2012-13 to 2016-17), for a GDP growth of 9% per year, energy supply has to grow at 6.5% per year. The ability to meet the energy requirement will depend upon India’s ability to expand domestic production in the critical subsectors such as petroleum, natural gas and coal, and meeting the balance requirement through imports. The table attached below indicates the installed capacity on 31st Jan, 2013 and peak demand


37



TABLE: 2.1 INSTALLED POWER CAPACITY IN MADHYA PRADESH (31st JAN., 2013) S.No

Ownership Sector

Total

Thermal(In MW) Coal

Gas

Diesel

Thermal

1

State

2745

0.00

0.00

2745

2

Private

250.00

0.00

0.00

250.00

3

Central

2049.97

257.18

0.00

2307.156.3

Total

5044.97

257.18

0.00

5302.159.9

Source: CEA TABLE NO.: 2.2 ANTICIPATED POWER SUPPLY POSITION IN THE COUNTRY DURING 2012-13 (Actual) State/ System/

Energy

Peak

Requirement Availability Surplus/ deficit Requirement Availability

Surplus/

Region

deficit (MU)

(MU)

(MU)

(%)

(MW)

(MW)

(MW)

(%)

Chandigarh

1628

1749

121

7.4

300

291

-9

-3.0

Delhi

28604

34394

5790

20.2

5500

5486

-14

-0.3

Haryana

40296

41373

1077

2.7

7200

7000

-200

-2.8

Himachal

8792

8675

-117

-1.3

1420

2164

744

52.4

15353

11297

-4056

-26.4

2650

1996

-654

-24.7

Punjab

48881

39918

-8962

-18.3

10890

7216

-3674

-33.7

Rajasthan

57139

51006

-6133

-10.7

9200

8191

-1009

-11.0

Uttar

87153

70509

-16644

-19.1

12500

10377

-2123

-17.0

Uttarakhand 11322

8573

-2749

-24.3

1692

1606

-86

-5.1

Northern

267495

-31672 -10.6

44953

39429

-5524

-

Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir

Pradesh

299166

Region Chhattisgarh 23992

12.3 31222


7230

30.1

38

3215

3169

-46


-1.4


Gujarat

76752

72931

-3821

-5.0

11489

10760

-729

-6.4

Madhya

52700

44758

-7942

-15.1

8500

7369

-1131

-13.3

Maharashtra 121120

106497

-14623

-12.1

18550

15798

-2752

-14.8

Daman &

2451

2252

-199

-8.1

325

262

-63

-19.7

Dadra Nagar 5100

5621

521

10.2

630

621

-9

-1.4

Pradesh

Diu

Haveli Goa

3426

3075

-351

-10.3

480

418

-62

-12.9

Western

285541

286497

956

0.3

40659

39352

-1307

-3.2

99734

76979

-22755

-22.8

15127

10697

-4430

-29.3

Karnataka

62255

61422

-833

-1.3

8838

7535

-1303

-14.7

Kerala

19865

16876

-2989

-15.1

3680

2998

-682

-18.5

Tamil Nadu

92637

65260

-27377

-29.6

13427

9299

-4128

-30.7

Puducherry

2989

2734

-85

-4.0

319

301

-18

-5.6

Southern

277480

223271

-54209 -19.5

39614

29178

-

-

Region Andhra Pradesh

Region

10436 26.3

Bihar

14550

11609

-2940

-20.2

2500

1726

-774

-31.0

DVC

18427

18959

532

2.9

2625

3040

415

15.8

Jharkhand

7486

6149

-1338

-17.9

1260

1005

-255

-20.2

Orissa

25798

24523

-1275

-4.9

3700

4168

468

12.6

West Bengal 44409

43674

-735

-1.7

7194

6980

-214

-3.0

Sikkim

489

917

428

87.5

120

161

41

34.2

Eastern

111159

105831

-5328

-4.8

17922

17966

44

0.3

719

532

-187

-26.0

151

120

-31

-20.5

Region Arunachal Pradesh


39



Assam

6490

5512

-978

-15.1

1262

987

-275

-21.8

Manipur

564

627

63

11.2

149

122

-27

-18.1

Meghalaya

2130

1696

-434

-20.4

515

358

-157

-30.5

Mizoram

441

418

-23

-5.2

96

74

-22

-22.9

Nagaland

615

459

-156

-25.4

148

89

-59

-39.9

Tripura

1011

1033

22

2.2

263

174

-89

-33.8

North-

11970

10277

-1692

-14.1

2314

1807

-507

-

Eastern

21.9

Region All-India

985317

893371

-91946 -9.3

140090

125234

-

-

14856 10.6 Source: CEA As per the approach paper of Planning Commission to the Eleventh Five Year Plan, the growth in power sector needs to be 10% annually to support GDP growth rate of 7% per annum. This target has since been increased to 10% by terminal year of the Plan. 2.1.2.2

Demand and Supply Analysis in The Country The supply and demand Scenario in the country during the period of 2012-2013 TABLE: 2.3 SUPPLY & DEMAND SCENARIO (2012-13)

Demand

Supply

Deficit

Energy

985317 (MU)

893371(MU) (-) 9.3%

Peak Demand 140090 (MW) 12523 (MW) (-) 10.6% Source: CEA


40



From the above data it is clear that the demand for power has been lagging behind supply.

Figure 2.1: Graph showing growth in primary energy demand The above graph shows that global energy demand increases by one third from the year 2010 to year 2035 with China & India accounting for 50% of the growth. It will be seen from the above that there exists a large gap between generation and demand in power now and that the gap will be a sustained and would only keep growing over the next 25 years. The government investments alone would not be able to bridge this gap and the situation offers an opportunity for investment by private entities. 2.1.2.3

Power Demand Scenario in the State of Madhya Pradesh (Till 2022) The Madhya Pradesh state peak power load and the energy requirement forecast of the CEA’s 17th EPS is shown below: TABLE NO. 2.4 MP PEAK POWER LOAD & ENERGY REQUIREMENT

Details

2007- 2008- 2008 2009

2009- 2010

2010- 2011

2011- 2012

2016- 2017

2021- 2022

Peak Load (MW)

7206

7809

8129

8462

11772

16129

44793

47011

49338

70445

98987

7501

Energy Requirement 40666 42680 (MkWh) Source: 17th EPS, CEA

The proposed thermal power project with 2 x 660 MW capacities in Khandwa District of Madhya Pradesh will be a step in the direction of meeting the urgent requirement of energy in India. The supply-demand analysis in the preceding


41



chapter indicates that the generation from the plant will be absorbed in the regional and national grid in a sustained manner throughout the life time of the plant. Hence, a project of the order of capacity 1320 MW is well justified in this context. The power from this plant could be wheeled to the power starved areas of India through National Grid. 2.2

LOCATION MAP


42



Figure 2.3: Location Map


43



2.3

VIEW OF THE PROJECT SITE

2.3.1 Photographs

2.4

View of West side of the Project Site

View of East side of the Project Site

View of South side of the Project Site

View of North side of the Project Site

PLANT LAYOUT Layout of the proposed power plant shall be optimized considering the space requirement for all the equipments, systems, buildings and structures, including railway marshalling yard and ash disposal area (as per latest CEA guidelines). Following facilities have been considered during preparation of the layout of proposed power plant. Coal storage yard Ash disposal area Raw water supply and storage facilities Railway Siding and Marshalling Yard Approach road to the power plant from main road.


44



Availability of adequate space for fabrication / construction equipment. Cooling water system Township/ housing area Green Belt cover Rain water harvesting system Risk contours, etc. The power plant shall comprise of two Boilers and two steam turbine generator (STG) with the required auxiliaries of various units and equipments. The plant layout is given below:


45



2.5

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT

2.5.1

Land Requirement The proposed site of 935 acres for the project is located near villages Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Harsud Tehsil in Khandwa district, Madhya Pradesh. The state highway SH-15 connecting Khandwa with Hoshngabad is at 0.5 km distance from proposed site. The National Highway NH-59A is at a distance of 50 Km. The Township will be located in SE direction of the project site. TABLE NO. – 2.5 AREA BREAK-UP AREA STATEMENT S.No.

DESCRIPTION

ACRES

01

Main plant

30.00

02

Switch yard

21.00

03

Cooling Towers with CW Pump House

35.00

04

Rain Water Reservoir with Bund

40.00

05

Water systems

25.00

06

Stores

10.00

07

Ash handling

8.00

08

Construction facilities & fabrication yard (convert later into green 22.00 belt as per CEA)

09

Miscellaneous facilities

40.00

10

Laydown area (green belt/ plantation)

54.00

11

Coal handling area

127.00

12

Ash pond with bund

260.00

13

Fuel oil handling

2.00

14

Internal roads

23.00

15

Green belt

238.00

16

Total Township Area as per CEA norms for 2×660 MW TPP

935.00 100

Source: DPR (as per revised CEA report on Land Requirement for thermal power plant (September 2010)).


47



2.5.1.1

Land Use as per Revenue Records and Status of Acquisition Out of the total land requirement i.e 935 Acres, 4.35% (40.98 Acres) is the Government Land and 95.65% (902.08 Acres) is Private Land. The land break-up as per Revenue Records is as follows: TABLE 2.6 LAND USE AS PER REVENUE RECORDS (in Acre) Village Name

Total Land

Government Land

Government Land (in %age)

Private Land

Private Land (in %age)

Torniya

723.4

28.69

3.97

694.71

96.03

Rampuri

213.22

5.85

2.74

207.37

97.26

Chhippipura

6.44

6.44

100

0

0.00

Total

943.06

40.98

4.35

902.08

95.65

Source: Revenue Records As per revenue records the project land is categorized into Fallow Land , Crop Land, Plantation and Scrub Land as below: - TABLE-2.7 DETAILS OF PRESENT LAND USAGE AT THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE Class Name

Area (Ha)

% of total area

Crop Land

41.55

10.98

Fallow Land

238.29

62.97

Plantation

22.51

5.95

Scrub land

76.04

20.10

TOTAL

378.39

100.00

Source: As per LU/LC Map TABLE 2.8 LAND ACQUISTION STATUS S. No.

Type of Land

Land in Acres Acquired

1 2. 1.

Government Land Private Land Total Private Land

To be Acquired - 40.98 315 587.08 315 628.06 Township Land 31.53 68.47

Total 40.98 902.08 935.06 100

Source: Updates by Project Proponent M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited

48



2.5.1.2 Row Land- Water Pipeline & Railway Siding 2.5.1.2.1 Water Pipeline land The total land required for water pipeline will be 16.07 Ha. (39.71Acres). The details of land involved in water pipeline are given in the table below: TABLE 2.9 LAND DETAILS OF WATER PIPELINE S. No.

Type of land (as per the revenue records)

Land required (in Ha.)

1

Government land

5.75

2

Railway

0.38

3

Private

9.94

Total

16.07

Acquisition status The land acquisition is under process.

Source: Details provided by PP 2.5.1.2.2 Railway Siding Land The details of land required for railway siding is given in the table below. This land is included in the total land requirement for the project TABLE 2.10 LAND DETAILS FOR RAILWAY CORRIDOR- IN PLANT AREA (100 meter wide) S.No.

Type of land

Land required Acquisition status

(as per the revenue records)

(in Ha.)

1

Government land

0.242

Under Process

2

Private

17.56

5.43

17.802

5.43

Total

Source: Details provided by PP TABLE 2.11 LAND DETAILS FOR RAILWAY CORRIDOR- IN ASH DYKE AREA (35 meter wide, Included in total land requirement) S. No.

Type of land

Land required Acquisition status


(in ha.)

1

Government land

0.719

Under Process

2

Private

10.56

1.466

Total

11.279

1.466

Source: Details provided by PP


49



TABLE 2.12 LAND DETAILS FOR RAILWAY CORRIDOR- OUTSIDE PLANT (35 meter wide) S. No.

Type of land

Land required


(in ha.)

1

Government land

2.863

2

Private

7.948

3

Railway

4.466

Total

Acquisition status The land acquisition is under process.

15.277

Source: Details provided by PP 2.5.2

Water Requirement The total water requirement for the proposed power plant project is estimated to be 4245 m3/h. The same will be sourced from Indira Sagar reservoir which is at a distance of about 8 km from the site. Application for permission for water withdrawal was submitted vide letter dated 08.11.10 to Narmada Valley Development Corporation, Bhopal for allocation water from Indira Sagar Reservoir for the project (Annexure 2A). Permission for drawl of 37.2 MCM/annum was granted by WRD, MP Government vide its Letter no. o`-i-fu-e-@31@rd@jk-Lr-

&230@2010@873 Dated 09th November 2012. . (Copy enclosed as Annexure 2B). An intake pump house will be constructed at suitable location near to the Indira Sagar reservoir. A dedicated cross country water pipe line will be laid from the intake pump house to the plant. The coordinates of the intake well and intake point are given in the figure 2.6. Road tankers will also be used as and when required. Water reservoir for at least 15 days storage capacity has also been considered for storing raw water at plant area. The total requirement of water for the Plant will be as follows: TABLE 2.13 UNIT-WISE WATER REQUIREMENT S.

DESCRIPTION

UNIT

QUANTITY

No. 1

DM Water requirement

Cum/hr

140

2

Potable water

Cum/hr

20

3

Filter water backwash

Cum/hr

20


50



4

Total Filter water required(1+2+3)

Cum/hr

180

5

A/c plant cooling makeup

Cum/hr

40

6

Sealing water for pumps

Cum/hr

60

7

Plant service water(plant washing, CHP service Cum/hr

200

water & Gardening etc) 8

CW Chlorination

Cum/hr

140

9

CW & ACW make-up

Cum/hr

3308

10

Total clarified water(filtered water+ clarified water) Cum/hr

3928

(4+5+6+7+8) 11

Sludge (cum/hr)@ 5%

Cum/hr

120

12

Reservoir Evp. & Seepage Losses

Cum/hr

197

13

Total Make-up Water Required(9+10+11)

Cum/hr

4245

Source: DPR The Water Balance Diagram is shown in the Figure 2.5. The water quantity indicated is exclusive of water requirement for FGD (At present only space allocation has been provided for FGD).


51



2.5.3

Coal Requirement

2.5.3.1 Domestic Coal Requirement Domestic Coal was earlier proposed to be used for the proposed power plant. At 85% PLF, 6.9 MTPA (928 TPH/ 22,253 TPD) of domestic coal will be required for the proposed Thermal Power Plant project. Coal shall be transported by rail. Rail link to the site is yet to be established. The coal shall have Calorific Value of 3300-4200 Kcal/ kg with ash content of 3445%. Application for domestic coal linkage was submitted to Ministry of coal vide letter no. JKLCL/P.Plant/2010-2011/4 and dated 9-12-2010. The same is enclosed as Annexure 3A with the Final EIA/EMP Report. Due to certain National scenario, the grant of domestic coal linkages has been kept in abeyance. Keeping in view of planning commission and CEA forecast for allocation of domestic coal for 12th and 13th plan, it is proposed to use imported coal from the overseas for the project. M/s. DEL has entered into MoU with M/s. Adani Enterprises Limited for Indonesian coal. The same is annexed as Annexure 3 B with the Final EIA/EMP Report. 2.5.3.2

Imported Coal Requirement Coal requirement for 2 x 660 MW units at 85% PLF will be 4.4 MTPA. The coal will be transported to the plant site using Indian Railways from the Westcoast in Gujarat. The plant shall be designed to accommodate 100% imported coal as well as 100% domestic coal. Depending upon the quantity of the domestic coal granted though coal linkage by Ministry of Coal M/s. DEL shall taper down the Indonesian coal imports from M/s. Adani Enterprises Limited accordingly.

2.5.3.3

Imported Coal Logistics The Indonesian coal shall be imported to Adani Dahej port and would be transported by rail via Dahej –Bhuswal -Itarsi Section of Western Central Railway and delivered at project site. Proposed Railway siding for the railway for which ‘In-Principal approval’ for RTC clearance for setting up railway siding has been granted by WCR-Chief Transport Planning Manager Railway. The approval letter is enclosed as Annexure 14 with the


54



Final EIA/EMP Report, which also states the additional facilities planned for this project.

Railway Track for Imported Coal

Railway Track for Domestic Coal

Figure 2.7: Rail Connectivity (Dahej Port & SECL Korba to Barud) 2.5.3.3.1 Traffic Load 2.5.3.3.2 Inward Traffic for Coal Unloading Inward traffic of the plant for coal unloading will be as follows: Avg. 4.2 rakes/ day for movement of 5.0 MTPA of Imported Coal Avg. 5.7 rake/day for movement of 6.9 MTPA of Domestic Coal Train requirement in the circuit will be as follows: Imported Coal Via Dahej Port: 6 No.s (Turn around time of rake 35 hrs, considering 45 Km/ hr train average speed and 5 hrs of loading & unloading time) Imported Coal Via Bharuch Port: 5 No.s (Turn around time of rake 30.5 hrs, considering 45 Km/ hr train average speed and 5 hrs of loading & unloading time) Domestic Coal: 11 No.s (Turn around time of rake 46 hrs, considering 45 Km/ hr train average speed and 5 hrs of loading & unloading time).


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2.8: Railway Corridor Map (From Barud Railway Station to Site) 2.5.3.4

Coal Characteristics The table below gives the imported and domestic coal characteristics: TABLE NO. - 2.14 (i) ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC COAL A. PROXIMATE ANALYSIS (% BY WEIGHT) S. NO.

DESCRIPTION

DESIGN QUALITY

WORST QUALITY

1

GCV (kcal/ kg)

3300

3000

2

Ash

41.6

45

3

Volatile matter

22

21

4

Fixed carbon

24.5

22

5

Moisture

11.9

15

6

Total

100.0

100.0

7

Grind ability (HGl)

45

42

B. ULTIMATE ANALYSIS OF COAL RECEIVED BASIS 8

Carbon %

36.5

31.9

9

Hydrogen %

2.0

1.8


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10

Oxygen %

6.3

4.8

11

Nitrogen %

1.2

0.9

12

Sulfur %

0.4

0.5

13

Ash %

41.6

45

14

Moisture %

12

15

15

GCV

3300 kCal /kg

3000 kCal /kg

NOTE: - During rainy season total moisture is 19%. (Inherent + Surface moisture) Source: DPR OTHER PHYSICAL PARAMETERS Abrasiveness : Expected YGP = 70 mg/kg. Shale & Sandstone content= 20% (maximum) Feed coal size= 250 mm with 20% of oversize and maximum size of 350 mm. TABLE 2.14 (ii) ANALYSIS OF IMPORTED COAL S.No

Description

Indonesian Coal Range

Average

1

ASH%

8-12

10

2

VOLATILE MATTER%

30-40

35

3

FIXED CARBON%

30-48

39

4

INHERENT

15-24

19

5200-5500

5400

0.2-05

0.5

MOISTURE% 5

GCV (kcal/kg)

6

SULPHUR%

Source: DPR & MoU for Coal


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2.5.3.4 Fuel Oil Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) & Light Diesel Oil (LDO) will be used as support (secondary) fuel and cold start up respectively at low loads and flame stabilization. Table No. -2.15 CHARACTERISTICS OF HFO S.

Characteristics

Heavy Furnace Oil

No.

IS - 1953, Grade HV

1

Total Sulphur content

4.5% (Max.)

2

Gross Calorific Value

Of the order of 11,000

3

Flash Point (Min.)

4

Water content by Volume (Max.)

1.0%

5

Sediment by weight (Max.)

0.25%

6

Asphaltene content by weight (Max.)

2.5%

7

Kinematic Viscosity in 370 (Max.)

180

66 Deg. C

Centistokes at 50 Deg. C

At 98.9 Deg. C

20 – 30

8

Ash Content by weight (Max.)

9

Acidity (in inorganic)

10

Pour Point (Max .)

11

Sodium Content

12

Vanadium Content

13

Specific heat (kCal/kg. Deg. C)

0.1% Nil 24 Deg. C (Max.) -- 25 ppm 0.5

Source: DPR Table No. -2.16 CHARACTERISTICS OF LDO S. No.

Characteristics

1. Pour Point (Max.)

LIGHT OIL CHARACTERISTICS 12 Deg. C & 18 Deg. C for Summer and Winter respectively

2. Kinematic viscosity in centistokes at 38 Deg.C

2.5 to 15.7

3. Water content, percent by volume

0.25


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(Max.) 4. Sediment percent by mass (Max.)

0.10

5. Total sulfur percent by mass (Max.)

1.8

6. Ash percent by mass (Max.)

0.02

7. Carbon residue (Rans bottom) percent by wt. (Max.)

1.50

8. Acidity in organic

Nil

9. Flash point (Min.) (Pensky Martens) closed cup

66 Deg.C

10. Acidity, total, mg of KOH/g (Max.) 11. Copper strip corrosion for 3 hours at 100 Deg.C

Nil Not worse than No.2

Source: DPR 2.5.4

Manpower Skilled/ unskilled manpower for the project as available in the surrounding area will be deployed in the Project works. Managerial staff is expected to be from outside the region and hence needs accommodation in the township. Considering the above factors and on the grounds of economy and to attract competent work force, accommodation is proposed for the power plant operation and maintenance staff, the security and fire-fighting staff. Many people in and around neighboring villages will get opportunity for employment during construction and operational phase based on suitability. The total direct manpower requirement for Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of the power plant during operation period is estimated to be about 275 persons.


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2.6

TECHNOLOGY & PROCESS DESCRIPTION

2.6.1 Thermal Power Generation Process In thermal power generation, chemical energy of coal is first converted into thermal energy (during combustion), which is then converted into mechanical energy (through a turbine) and finally into electrical energy (through a generator). Figure 2.9 shows the process flow chart for coal fired thermal power plant. Its raw materials are coal, air and water. The coal travels from the coal handling plant by conveyor belt to the coal bunkers, from where it is fed to the pulverising mills which grind it as fine as face powder. The finely powdered coal mixed with air is then blown into the boiler by a fan where it burns like a gas. The boiler walls are lined with boiler tubes containing high quality demineralised water (known as boiler feed water). The combustion heat released from the coal is absorbed by the boiler tubes and the heat converts the boiler feed water into steam at high pressure and temperature. The steam, discharged through nozzles on the turbine blades, makes the turbine rotate. Generator is coupled to the end of the turbine. When the turbine rotates the electricity is produced in generator, which is passed to the step-up transformer which increases its voltage so that it can be transmitted efficiently over the power line of the grid. The power is evacuated via Switch Yard through a Transmission System.


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2.6.2

Steam Generator and Accessories

2.6.2.1

Steam Generator The steam generators would be Pulverized Coal fired, reheat, once through, balanced draft type of unit rated to deliver around 2150 T/Hr of superheated steam at around 257 kg/cm2(a) at a temperature of about 5700C at the super heater (SH) outlet. Steam temperature at reheater outlet will be 5960C. The Steam Generator will be designed to give the guaranteed maximum efficiency when firing the coal having the characteristics on, as received basis. Basis for Steam Generator Design Maximum total moisture content (%) = 12.0 Ash content (%) = 43.0 Fuel ratio (FC/VM) = 1.2+/- 10% Hard grove Grind ability Index = 50 Gross calorific value (kCal/kg) = 3300 to 4200

2.6.2.2

Rating and Type of Steam Generator

2.6.2.2.1 Type The Steam Generator shall be of once through type with Supercritical Parameters, Constant as well as Sliding Pressure operation, Two Pass, Single reheat, balanced draft, outdoor arrangement, all steel structure, complete hanging construction and dry bottom pulverized coal fired. Supercritical boiler is designed for firing range of specified pulverized coal as fuel, employing direct and opposed wall firing system or Tangential firing system. 2.6.2.2.2 Rating Each SG shall be designed to cater to duty requirement/ rating specified below:


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TABLE NO. 2.17 RATED PARAMETERS OF STEAM GENERATOR S.

DESCRIPTION

RATED PARAMETERS

No. 1.

Stream flow at super heater Steam flow at super heater outlet at 100% outlet

Boiler

Maximum

continuous

ration

(BMCR)=2150 TPH 2.

3.

Steam Temperature

At super heater (SH) outlet

5700C

At Reheater (RH) outlet

5960 C

Feed water Temperature at Expected to be around 304deg. C at VWO Economizer Inlet:

condition. The steam generator(s) shall also be suitable for accepting feed water at lower temperatures corresponding to HP heaters out of service condition without exceeding any of its design limits including design metal temperatures.

4.

Steam pressure at super heater 257 kg/cm2(a) outlet

5.

Pressure drop in Re-heaters

Should not exceed 2.5kg/m2 under all operating conditions.

Source: DPR 2.6.2.3 Mode of Operation The Steam Generator will be designed to be suitable for operation as briefly described below: Mode: Constant as well as Variable (sliding) pressure operation enabling quick start up, and to get benefits of part load efficiency and unit flexibility. Load Throw Off: In case of sudden load throw off, in worst case from 100% BMCR, the steam generator shall be capable of automatically bringing down the steam generating capability to match with HP/ LP by pass capacity. Frequency variation: The steam generator and the auxiliaries shall operate continuously for a power supply frequency variation between 47.5 Hz and 51.5 Hz.


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2.6.2.4

Minimum Load without Oil Support for Flame Stabilization The design of Steam Generator shall be such that it does not call for oil support for flame stabilization beyond 40% BMCR load when firing coal(s) from the range specified, with any combination of mills/ adjacent mills.

2.6.2.5

Limiting Parameters for Steam Generator Design The Steam Generator design shall comply with the following limiting parameters with 'design coal' firing, under stipulated ambient air condition i.e. 27 0C temperature and 60 % relative humidity: a)

Excess air of 20% at economizer outlet at TMCR (660MW) load:

b)

The maximum temperature of flue gas at outlet of APH is approximately 135 deg. C Heat Loss due to un burnt carbon in ash: 1.0% (maximum) at all loads.

2.6.2.6

Operation with Turbine Bypass System HP turbine bypass system sizing shall be for 60% BMCR steam flow and the LP by pass capacity shall be adequate to accommodate total steam and spray water coming from HP bypass valve.

2.6.2.7

Coal burner design The coal burner design shall have a steady log mean density of coal air mixture distribution for a coal HGI 50 as it enters the combustion zone and resulting in low NOx emissions not exceeding 650 mg/N cum. Burners shall be provided with centralized automatic control with flame scanner and safety protection.

2.6.3

Coal Preparation and Firing System Raw Coal Feeders Raw gravimetric coal feeders shall feed the coal to the mills proportional to the boiler load. The feed rate shall be varied basically by varying the speed of the feeder. Coal of required quantity shall be fed by gravimetric (weight) which shall take care of variations in the density of the coal and provide better fuel air ratio for efficient combustion. Fuel Pipes The design and arrangement of fuel pipes will ensure uniform distribution of primary air and fuel between all burners served by one pulveriser, under all conditions of loading for a coal HGI 50.


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Design features of Pulverizes The pulverizes will consistently provide guaranteed wear life of the grinding elements of the order of 5500-8000 hours while providing consistent fineness and output for a coal HGI 50. The differential pressure drop across mills shall be low and so shall be the power consumption. The mill rejects shall be low and the replacement time for the grinding elements shall be less. Seal Air Fans 2x100% centrifugal seal air fans common for all the mills of each Steam Generator unit shall be provided. The sealing system shall prevent ingress of any dust into the bearings and leakage of coal-air mixture to atmosphere. The necessary margins on the head and flow shall be provided for each fan over and above the calculated values. The seal air fan speed shall not exceed 1500 rpm under test block condition. 2.6.4 PRIMARY AIR FANS (2x60%) Each fan shall be rated to meet requirement of 60% BMCR load (one stream in operation) with following conditions, all occurring together. Worst coal firing with maximum moisture content. Power supply frequency - 50 Hz Ambient air temperature - 500C & RH 65% Air-heater leakage of 10% or guaranteed whichever is higher. Speed – Maximum 1500rpm Control – Blade pitch control The necessary margins shall be provided for each fan over and above the calculated values. 2.6.5 Forced Draft Fans 2 x 60% Variable Pitch Forced Draft Fans with forced lubrication shall supply the required combustion air to the furnace. Variable Pitch Axial fans have been chosen for their better part load efficiency. Necessary instrumentation shall be provided in each fan to detect stalling and vibration. The fan rotational speed shall be 1400 rpm


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(maximum) and the fan critical speed shall not be less than 125% of the fan maximum operating speed. The necessary margins shall be provided for each fan over and above the calculated values. 2.6.6 Scanner Air System To meet the cooling air requirements of the flame scanners, 2x100% fans shall be provides done working and the other as a standby. The scanner air fans will take their suction from the atmosphere or from Cold SA Header and discharge through an air filter to the flame scanners. The main Scanner Air fan shall be driven by Induction motor while the stand-by fan shall be driven by a DC motor so that cooling air is not interrupted even in case of failure of normal electric supply. 2.6.7

Induced Draft Fans 2 x 60% Variable Pitch Induced draft fans with forced lubrication shall evacuate the flue gases from the furnace and maintain the required draft in the furnace. Variable Pitch Axial fans have been chosen for their better part load efficiency. The fan blades shall be made of stream lined aerofoil sections. The material for fan components like blades, hub, casing etc. shall be selected to suit dust burdens as high as 250 to 300 mg/Nm3. The necessary margins shall be provided for each fan over and above the calculated values.

2.6.8

Air Preheaters Air Pre heaters will be provided for the efficient recovery of heat from the flue gas stream. Regenerative type air heaters of Ljungstrom type, tri-sector type will be used. The design will be such that one set of air heaters will be able to cater to 60% MCR requirements of the steam generator. The corrected maximum temperature of flue gas at outlet of APH is approximately 135 deg. C or as predicted by vendor whichever is higher. The minimum average cold end temperature for the air heater shall be greater than 760C without the steam coil air pre heater. In addition to the main AC drive motor, an air motor will be provided together with a suitable air receiver having a storage capacity of not less than 30 minutes operation requirement as aback-up facility.

2.6.9

NOx & Other Emission Control NOx emission from the steam generator is controlled by providing specially designed burners. However, as a standard practice total NOx emission fuel as well as


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thermal NOx at the power stations will be limited to 260 grams per Giga joule of heat input which is below the recommended norms of Central Pollution Control Board. 2.6.10

Particulate Emissions Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) is adequately sized and with appropriate technology will be designed to limit the outlet dust concentration to 50mg/ Nm3.

2.6.11

Steam Quality Parameters The steam generators shall be sized to have 2% margin over and above the steam requirement of the Valve Wide Open (VWO) conditions of the turbine to take care of leakages and variations in turbine requirements etc. Based on the above the steam generator capacity shall be selected as under: The turbine steam requirements = 1990 T/hr at TMCR condition Steam generator MCR (BMCR) = 2150 T/hr. Margin provided will also take care of the auxiliary steam requirement for start-up of any one of the units not in operation. Super-heater Outlet Steam Pressure The turbine inlet steam pressure requirement at MCR (at the inlet of ESV)=245 kg/sq.cm. (a) Maximum main steam pressure required at BMCR (at the outlet of super- heater)=257 kg/sq.cm. (a) Super-heater Outlet Steam Temperature Temperature required at the turbine inlet= 5650C Max. Temperature drop in the main steam pipe line from steam generator outlet to turbine inlet, considering the heat loss through the insulation= 5 0C The steam temperature required at steam generator super heater outlet= 570 0C Steam Temperature at Re heater Outlet Temperature required at the IP Turbine inlet= 593 0C Temperature drop in the hot reheat steam pipeline from there heater outlet up to IP turbine inlet= 3 0C The Reheater outlet steam temperature= 5960C The feed water temperature at TMCR shall be around 304 0C. The above parameters are taken at the maximum continuous rating of the boiler (BMCR).


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2.6.12

Fuel Oil System The fuel oil system envisaged will consist of the facilities required for receiving fuel oil railway wagons, unloading oil from the wagons to receiving header, transferring the oil from receiving header to fuel oil storage tanks and transferring oil from storage tanks to pressurizing units for onward transmission to boiler burners. Description of Fuel Oil System Fuel oil LDO will be used for black start and also initial start up from cold condition and later HFO is used for flame stabilization during low load operations and for hot start ups. The railway wagons / Road Tankers carrying heavy oil are fitted with steam coil heaters. Heavy oil pipe lines will be heat traced using steam.

2.6.13

Auxiliary Boiler One (1) no. water tube type, natural circulation, pressurized furnace, LDO fired, outdoor type auxiliary steam generator with its auxiliaries, having adequate steaming capacity with steam parameters of 20 kg/sq.cm (g) pressure and 3500C steam temperature, complete with structures, piping, valves, fitting, mounting, draft plant, fuel oil pressurizing & firing system, water system, chemical dosing system, blow down tanks, ducting, damper, chimney, C&I.

2.6.14

Statutory Requirements All equipment, systems and works covered under this specification shall comply with latest statutes, regulations and safety codes, as applicable in the areas where the equipment is installed, which shall however, be subject to change in Laws & Regulations. The design of Steam Generator, associated piping and complete external piping shall meet all the requirements of latest editions of Indian Boiler Regulations (IBR).

2.6.15

Steam Turbine Type / Description For a turbine of this capacity there will be one combined HP-IP and two LP cylinders or separate HP, IP and LP cylinder. The turbine will be of tandem compound, single reheat, and regenerative, condensing, multi cylinder design, directly coupled with generator suitable for indoor installation. The outer casing of the H.P turbine will be preferably of barrel type construction without any massive horizontal flange. This is envisaged to permit rapid start-up


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from any thermal stage and high rates of load changes of the turbo set. The LP turbines will be double flow turbine with a horizontal split inner casing which is kinematically supported within the outer casing. The casing of LP turbine will be connected with IP cylinder by cross around/over pipes. The turbine blades will be either forged or milled out from a single piece of material and will have either inverted T-root or fir tree-root and with or without integral shroud or as per manufacturer’s proven design. The last few stages of the LP turbine will have twisted blades. The fixed blades of the last one or more stages will be hollow and be provided with slots to draw away water droplets to the condenser. The leading edges of the final stage rotors blades will be preferably flame hardened or satellite to give protection against erosion. The LP rotor blades will be specified to be preferably of free-standing type without lacing wire and design to operate in speed range corresponding to 47.5 HZ to 51.5 HZ grid frequency. The critical speeds of the combined turbine and generator rotors will be specified as to not lie within a range of ± 15% of the normal operating speeds. All the bearings will be independently supported on separate bearing pedestals. The bearings will be specified to be readily accessible and split type so that the upper half is readily removable. Suitable turning gear device either high speed Hydraulic type or motorized turning gear shall be provided as per standard proven practice of turbine manufacturer to ensure uniform and rapid heating and cooling of the casings during start up and trip out respectively. The turbine stress evaluator will continuously scan the critical sections of stop valves, HP and IP turbines and will provide instantaneous information regarding safe limits of load fluctuations based on the fatigue life of the material and state of thermal stresses at that particular instant. Governing System The turbine will be provided with a digital electro hydraulic governing system with suitable back up. The turbine will have nozzles, throttle or combined governing depending on its suitability on main turbine design so as to achieve optimum performance at operational loads. It will operate in steady speed regulation range of+3% to +8% of the rated speed and with maximum dead band not more than


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0.06%of the rated speed. Over speed during full load loss shall be limited to 8% of rated speed. The following important requirements are to be satisfied: a)

Exact load frequency droops with high sensitivity and meet FGMO (Free Governing mode of operation) requirement.

b)

Safe load shedding by avoiding any speeding up along with the droop characteristics.

c)

Adjustability of the power frequency drop in fine steps even during operation.

d)

High reliability and operational safety

e)

Capability to sustain load shedding, giving low values of temporary speed change.

Protective Devices The steam turbine will be equipped with protective devices to protect turbine from over speed, lube oil low pressure, axial thrust bearing wear, low vacuum, bearing metal temperature, high vibration etc. It will also have provision for automatic on load testing for the above without unit tripping or over speeding. Steam Turbine Glands and Gland sealing concept A fully automatic gland sealing system shall be provided for the turbine, which shall have provision of receiving steam from auxiliary steam header during start up, low load operation and self sealing from turbine during normal operation. Turbine Lube Oil System Turbine lubrication oil will be supplied for turbine, generator bearings, seal oil system, jacking oil and hydraulic turning gear system. During start up and shut down, oil will be supplied by 2 x 100% AC Lube oil pumps(one working and one standby) through 2x100% oil coolers and during normal operation provided through MOP directly driven by turbine main shaft. DC driven motor oil pump shall be provided for emergency and in case of power station blackout. The capacity of main oil tank serving as reservoir for lube oil system shall be dimensioned to allow a safe shut down of the turbine generator in the event of complete breakdown of oil cooling. it shall have capacity to allow 5 to 8 oil changes per hour (at normal operating levels). Fire resistant oil will be used for the control


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system of turbine. An oil purification system with a capacity to purify 2% of the total fluid change per hour shall be provided. Adequate arrangement of fine mesh oil strainers, filters and 2x100% vapor extraction fans shall be provided. 2.6.16 Regenerative Feed Water System The feed water system includes deaerator storage tank, boiler feed pumps, highpressure heaters including piping, valves and control equipments. Deaerator The Deaerator will be horizontal, spay-cum-tray working on variable pressure and having a capacity of 10 min storage at BMCR flow between normal and low level with a filling factor of 0.66. It shall be designed for working pressure from full vacuum to maximum pressure available at extraction and capable of de aerating all incoming condensate to limit the dissolved oxygen content to < 7ppb (0.005cc/lt). Construction will be as per IBR Regulations, ASME code for unfired pressure vessel, Section-VII or other equivalent codes. Feed Water pump and Piping The feed water piping for two turbine driven boiler feed pumps (2x50%) and one motor driven start-up feed pumps (1x35%) will be connected on the suction side of their respective booster pumps through individual lines from the deaerator. Under normal operating conditions water flows from the outlet nozzles of the deaerator storage tank, through the boiler feed booster pumps (BFBP), to the boiler feed pump (BFP). From the discharge of boiler feed pump water passes through high pressure feed water heaters to the boiler economizer inlets. The capacity of the feed pumps will be designed taking into consideration of super heater & reheater spray attemperators, and spray water for HP bypass system. All necessary protective and supervisory system shall be provided to ensure safe and trouble free operation of the feed pumps. High pressure heaters High pressure heaters are designed and constructed in accordance with requirements of HEI standards/ASME boiler and pressure vessel codes. It will be capable of handling 110% of the design flow without undue vibration and other deleterious effects. Design pressure on tube side will be equal to BFP shut off head at maximum speed and full vacuum. On shell side the maximum expected HP turbine exhaust pressure is taken into consideration. Heater design pressure shall be atleast


71



15% higher than the extraction steam pressure under all operating conditions. The velocity of the water will be limited to 3.05 m/sec. Final feed water temperature to be achieved will be around 304 0C @ TMCR condition. 2.6.17 Condensate Pumps The basic function of condensate extraction pumps is to feed the condensate from the condenser hot well to the deaerator via L.P. heaters, Gland Steam condenser, regulating station etc., under any mode of operation i.e., during normal as well as transient conditions, ensuring constant deaerator level. Three (3x50%) capacity motor driven pumps will be provided. a) Fifty percent pumps are efficient at part load unit operation as one of the fifty percent pumps can be stopped and the other pump may continue running nearly at its best efficiency point. This will then require a shorter shaft. b) Considering the grid conditions, the units are expected to operate at base load as well as part load condition. Low Pressure Heaters Each of LP heaters will be capable of handling 110% of design condensate flow from3x50% condensate extraction pumps without undue effects. Provision will be made for integral de-super heating, condensing and drain cooling zones except for LPH in condenser neck with separate drain cooler. Design pressure on tube side will be CEP shut off head at 51.5 Hz and full vacuum and on Shell side not less than max extraction steam pressure and full vacuum. 2.6.18

Power Cycle Piping Pipe Sizing Inside diameters of piping shall first be calculated for the flow requirement of various systems. The velocity limits for calculating the inside diameters are listed below: Main steam, Hot and Cold RH piping : 76 m/sec HP bypass upstream: 76 m/sec HP bypass downstream: 100 m/sec LP bypass upstream: 76 m/sec LP bypass downstream: 100 m/sec Aux. Steam: 40-50m/sec


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Feed Water Suction: 2.0-3.0 m/sec Feed water Discharge: 4.0-6.0 m/sec Extraction steam (Super heated): 60 m/sec Extraction steam (Saturated): 30 - 50 m/sec Condensate suction: 1.5 m/sec Condensate discharge: 3.0-5.0 m/sec Other piping: As per good engineering practice Material Selection The design, fabrication and testing of piping shall be as per ASME B 31.1 power piping code, ANSI, ASTM and IBR (wherever applicable). CONDENSATE POLISHING Separate condensate polishing units will be provided for each Unit while the Regeneration System is common for both units. The proposed condensate polishing equipment will treat 100% of the condensate for the 660 MW units. Make-up water to the cycle will added to the condenser hot well as required, after being treated by a demineralizing plant having a mixed-bed ion-exchange unit as the finishing section. CHEMICAL DOSING (AVT + OT) LP Chemical Dosing System One set of oxygen dosing system for each unit will be designed to reduce the corrosion of boiler, oxygen will be injected in feed and condensate water. At the same time, one set of common ammonia dosing system for both units will be designed to maintain the pH of condensate and feed water, which comprise two tanks and five pumps with all necessary accessories. 2.6.19

Ash Handling System

2.6.19.1 Design Basis The ash handling system will be designed and constructed to ensure dust free operation. Ash handling will be fully automated. The evacuation time for Bottom Ash collected in every 4 hours will be evacuated in maximum 1.5 hours. Fly Ash collected in ESP hoppers in a shift of 8 hours will be evacuated on a continuous batch transport basis to Dry Fly Ash storage silos in dry form. Economizer, APH and Duct hopper ash will be discharged into Bottom Ash Hopper continuously in slurry form and will be evacuated along with bottom ash slurry.


73



In case of disposal of Fly Ash in wet form, High Concentration Slurry Disposal (HCSD) System will be employed below each dry fly ash storage silo. Alternately, for handling of bottom ash and coarse ash (i.e. Economizer ash, APH ash and Duct hopper ash) in dry form, instead of conventional slurry form, dry bottom ash system (Magaldi or equivalent) will be provided. Dry bottom ash system mainly comprises of dry bottom ash hopper, dry ash extractors, pre and primary crushers, contact coolers, post cooler conveyors, bottom ash silo & it’s necessary accessories etc. to suit plant layout requirements. In case of opting for dry bottom ash system, the equipments associated with wet bottom ash system will not be required. 2.6.19.2 Ash Extraction and Disposal Bottom Ash Handling System Bottom Ash from the boiler is collected in the “W” shaped water impounded hopper lined with refractory suitable for holding 4 hours collection of Bottom Ash, Economizer hopper ash, APH hopper ash & Duct hopper ash. The collected Bottom Ash will be removed once in every 4 hours for 1.5 hrs Maximum. Bottom Ash Hopper will be provided with hydro pneumatic operated gates which will be operated by air water converter tanks. The bottom ash along with Coarse Ash is fed to a clinker grinder for crushing the ash after which the ash slurry will be transferred to Bottom Ash slurry sump by means of jet pumps and then it will be further conveyed to hydrobins by means of bottom ash slurry pumps. Coarse Ash Handling System Coarse Ash collected in Economizer hoppers and APH hoppers and Duct hoppers shall be conveyed to BA Hopper through flushing apparatus and pipe lines. Flushing apparatus shall create vacuum/ momentum required for extracting the ash from hoppers. The water required for flushing apparatus shall be drawn from Economizer Water Pumps. Fly Ash Handling System Fly Ash is collected in ESP hoppers and Stack hopper. The ESP will be having four passes with minimum of six fields in each pass for Fly Ash extraction. Fly Ash is extracted from the ESP Stack hoppers by vacuum Pneumatic extraction system and conveyed to the intermediate hoppers located nearby. From the intermediate storage hoppers, Ash will be conveyed to the dry fly ash storage silos, through dense phase pneumatic conveying system (by means of screw


74



type air compressors). Three dry fly ash storage silos will be provided, common for two units. Intermediate/ Buffer Hoppers The intermediate/ buffer hoppers are located near the units. There will be four no. of buffer hoppers per each unit. Each buffer hopper is provided with dust collector, level controller, fluidizing pads and two discharge outlets. Fly Ash Storage Silos The dry fly ash storage silos are located within the plant boundaries to enable easy movement of trucks/ rail wagons handling dry/ conditioned ash. The dry fly ash storage silos will be of RCC construction. The combined effective storage capacity of all the specified silos will be minimum 12 hours. The silos will have fluidizing pads, vent filter, level controls etc., as required. The silo will be provided with five discharge outlets; two outlets for ash unloading to trucks/ rail wagons in dry &conditioned forms; two outlets for HCSD system and one spare outlet will be kept blanked for future use. High Concentration slurry disposal (HCSD) System The HCSD system will be provided below each dry fly ash storage silos. Fly Ash will be conveyed to the mixing tank by rotary feeder, and then the ash is mixed with LP water in the ratio of 3:2 (approximately) for wet disposal through HCSD pump to ash pond area. One (1) no of HCSD system will be working for each unit and one will be common standby. HCSD Pumps High Concentration Slurry Disposal (HCSD) pumps will be provided, one for each silo, for the disposal of fly ash in high concentrated form to the ash dyke area through HCSD pipelines. Hydrobins Hydrobin/ dewatering bin is a cylindrical MS fabricated tank that will be used for recovery of water from the Bottom ash slurry. Certain time shall be allowed for the ash to get settled. Overflow water from Hydrobin shall be transferred to settling tank to allow for settling of remaining fine ash. Overflow water from settling tank is sent again to surge tank for further settling of ash to take place. Sludge so formed in these tanks is sent back to hydrobins using sludge pumps. Water collected from


75



surge tank will be discharged into the ash water sump by gravity. Ash collected in the hydrobins is let out through discharge chutes onto a reversible belt conveyor, from which the ash will be disposed either to a main belt conveyor for disposal to ash dyke area or to trucks for offsite disposal. Chute vibrators shall be provided below. Hydrobin for conveying the ash on to main belt conveyor/trucks. Hydrobin shall be designed for minimum 8 hours storage on Dry ash basis. Hence, three such hydrobins shall be provided per unit, in order to decant the slurry in a day. Ash Water System For meeting the water requirements of the complete Ash Handling Plant, the water will be drawn from Ash Water sump. Water recovered from the hydrobins will be re- circulated to this sump and the remaining water requirement will be catered through make-up water from CW blow down. High Pressure (HP) water pumps, Low Pressure (LP) water pumps, HCSD LP water pumps, Economizer water pumps and Seal water pumps shall be placed beside the sump and will draw water from this sump. High pressure (HP) water pumps, Horizontal centrifugal type will supply motive water to jet pumps and Flushing nozzles of Bottom Ash system etc. Economizer water pumps are provided to supply water for wet ash disposal from Economizer hoppers, APH hoppers and Duct hoppers to BA hopper. Low pressure (LP) water pumps are provided to supply water for Bottom Ash hopper and seal trough filling/cooling/quenching/makeup etc. HCSD LP water pumps are provided to supply water for fly ash disposal through HCSD system. Fly ash conditioner water pumps located at a sump near fly ash silos will supply water required for conditioning of fly ash and the conditioned fly ash will be disposed through open trucks. Seal water pumps (located at ash water tank with separate compartment, to maintain water quality) will supply the water for maintaining the gland sealing of clinker grinders, sludge pumps and bottom ash slurry pumps, vacuum pumps etc. Over flow from the BA hopper in the BA hopper area will be collected in a sump, from where it will be conveyed to settling tank using bottom ash hopper cooling water overflow transfer pumps.


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Sumps and sump drain pumps will be provided at BA hopper area, Fly ash silo area, conveying air compressor house area etc.(based on plant layout requirements) in order to collect the floor drains and further disposal to the designated location. Control and Instrumentation Ash handling system is controlled through Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) based control system. The control logic for entire ash handling system will be achieved by the PLC’s. Ash Dyke Relatively dry bottom ash from hydrobins conveyed by main belt conveyor and High concentrated Fly Ash transported by HCSD pumps will be disposed into the ash dyke area. The ash that is discharged into ash dyke area is piled up to a height of maximum 35 m by compacting to suitable density at Ash Dyke. Suitable Impervious lining for the ash dyke will be provided based on the geotechnical studies considering the HCSD system since the water content is less than that of ash. 2.6.19.3 Ash Dyke Management In order to control fugitive dust from these ash dykes during strong wind conditions, a continuous water cover is maintained in the ash dyke. Arrangements for plantation of fast growing local species such as Ipomea are done in dry patches of the ash dyke so that the ash particles do not get air borne. A unique system for dry ash collection and disposal by High Concentration Slurry Disposal (HCSD) facility with Ash Mound formation is envisaged which will result in progressive development of green belt besides far less requirement of land and less water requirement as compared to the wet ash disposal system. The high concentration ash slurry shall be disposed into the ash dyke by multi-point discharge method, by shifting / changing the location of disposal points as required in the dyke. The dense compact deposit of the ash will be dried with in 48 hrs. The dried portion of dyke and the gaps between the fillings will be further compacted by dozing as required. Ultimately, the dried portion of ash filled area and the outer surface of ash bund raisings shall be covered with vegetation and would be maintained as an ‘Eco park’. A free board of around 1.0 to 1.5 M shall be provided over Ash filling level at each rising, so that the accumulated rain water from the dyke can be collected and the same can be pumped to the collection pit/ settling tank


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provided near ash dyke and onward to clarifloculator. The clarified water from the clarifloculator shall be sent to ash water sump for recirculation. 2.7

MITIGATION MEASURES TABLE: 2.18 PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES

S. No. 1.

Environment

Mitigation Measure

Air

A High efficiency Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) having efficiency not less than 99.98% would be installed to control and limit the particulate emission less than 50 mg/Nm3. To facilitate wider dispersion of pollutants one stack (twin flue) of 275 m height above plant grade level is envisaged. Emission of NOx will be controlled using advanced coal burner. All the internal roads shall be concreted / asphalted to reduce the fugitive dust due to vehicular movement. Fugitive dust emission at all requisite points in coal handling plant and coal stockyard will be controlled by providing water sprinklers. ESP/ Fabric filters (FFs) along with flue gas desulfurization (FGDs) will be used for mercury removal from fly ash. CREP guidelines will be followed.

2.

Water

Waste water generated from the plant process will be treated & reused. The composite liquid effluent treatment plant has been designed to treat all liquid effluents which originate within the power station e.g. Water Treatment Plant (WTP), floor washings, service water drains etc. Oily wastes will be processed through oil separators to trap oil from the effluents emanating from the Oil Handling Area.

3.

Noise

The noise generating sources in the proposed plant will be from turbines, generators, compressors, pumps, fans, coal handling plant etc. All equipments shall be designed for noise levels not


78



exceeding 85 dBA. Machines shall be housed in building & provided with acoustic enclosures as required to maintain noise levels within limits. The operator’s cabins (control rooms) shall be properly (acoustically) insulated with special doors and observation windows. All applicable Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) shall be provided. The wide greenbelt around the plant will attenuate the noise level. 4.

Solid Waste

The fly ash is collected in silos and would be encouraged to be utilized locally /marketed in dry form. Fly ash generated from the proposed power plant would be commercially utilized (both domestically and exporting) to the extent possible in one or more of the following industries: Cement Industry. Brick industry. Fly ash aggregate making industry. Road making/ paving. As per MOEF guidelines 100% fly ash utilization will be ensured within Four (4) years of commissioning of the plant. Bottom Ash will be disposed to ash pond in semi dry form. Unutilized fly ash will be disposed to ash pond A blanket of water will be maintained over the ash pond area to control fugitive dust emission. After the ash pond is abandoned, it would be reclaimed by providing earth cover and thereafter tree plantation

5.

Green Belt

Green belt along the plant boundary shall be developed as per guidelines. Tree plantation would be undertaken in 33% of the total plant area in all available spaces in the plant and township.


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CHAPTER–III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1

INTRODUCTION The main objective behind describing the environment which may be potentially affected are (i) to assess present environmental quality and the environmental impacts and (ii) to identify environmentally significant factors that could preclude project development. The chapter contains information on existing environmental scenario for the following parameters. 1.

Water Environment

2.

Meteorology

3.

Air Environment

4.

Soil Environment

5.

Land Environment

6.

Noise Environment

7.

Biological Environment

8.

Socio-economic Environment

To achieve these objectives, our team monitored the environmental parameters within the core zone and buffer zone (10 km. radial distance) of the project site in accordance with the Guidelines for EIA issued by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India. This chapter and the related discussions contain the results of field studies carried out during the Post Monsoon Season, 2011 3.2

STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE 1.

Location: Village : Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri Tehsil : Harsud District

: Khandwa

State

: Madhya Pradesh

Latitude : 21°59'27.58" to 22°1'3.21" N Longitude : 76°45'35.81" to 76°46'.49.61" E 2.

Climatology (Post Monsoon Season, 2011)


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i)

Maximum Temperature

:

35.5°C

ii)

Minimum Temperature.

:

11.2°C

iii)

Relative Humidity

At 08:30 Hrs.

:

59% to 88%

At 17:30 Hrs.

:

33% to 72%

iv)

Average Annual Rainfall

:

980.75 mm

3. Demography (10 km radius study area) According to 2001 Census

3.3

i.

Total Population

:

35,470

ii.

Number of Households

:

6416

iii.

Scheduled Castes

:

12.08%

iv.

Scheduled Tribes

:

32.08%

v.

Literacy Rate

: 57.34%

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED For the present study the project site is considered as core zone and the area lying within 10 km radius from the proposed expansion site is considered as buffer zone in which some impacts may be observed on its physical and biological environment.

3.3.1

Data Generation The baseline data for the project site and area within 10 km radius were collected in accordance with the requirement of guidelines and ToR of MoEF. Primary data was collected to set the baseline scenario for the study area. Monitoring was carried out during the Post Monsoon Season, 2011 for the following parameters:- TABLE No. : 3.1 DATA GENERATED FOR POST-MONSOON SEASON (Post Monsoon Season, 2011) S. No. 1.

Description Air Ambient air monitoring (24 hourly samples), twice a week continuously. Parameters: SPM, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, Hg & Ozone (ground Level).


81



2.

Meteorological parameters on hourly duration at project site. Parameters: Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Relative humidity, Temperature, Cloudiness, Rainfall etc.

3.

Water Water from various locations (surface and ground water samples) in core and buffer zone (10 km radius) once in the season. Tested for physical and chemical parameters according to applicable standards.

4.

Soil Once in a season at various locations in core and buffer zone.

5.

Noise Once in a season at various locations in core and buffer zone.

3.3.2

Secondary Data Collection The baseline data related to the following aspects were collected for the core zone and buffer zone through field survey and secondary sources: Details of fauna & flora in the region. Land use pattern within core zone and buffer zone including the cropping pattern from District Office, Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh. Demography and socio-economic analysis based on last available Census data (2001). Meteorological data, from India Meteorological Department (IMD), Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh and from monitoring conducted at site. Identification of water bodies, roads etc. and collecting data regarding discharge of streams etc. from existing records, within the study area. In addition to the above samples collected, the data on land use, vegetation, agricultural crops, Forest Area, Wild Life, Revenue Record and meteorological Data were also collected by the field team while meeting with a large number of local inhabitants in the study area and different government departments/ agencies. This provided an excellent opportunity to the members of the field team for obtaining an intimate feel of the environment of the study area.

3.3.3

Instrument Used


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The following instruments were used at the site for environmental baseline data collection work. 1.

Fine Particulate Sampler (APM 550)

2.

Respirable Dust Collector with attachment for gaseous Pollutants, Envirotech APM 460.

3.4

3.

Digital D.O. Meter Model – 831 E (CPCB Kit)

4.

Hygrometer

5.

Sound Level Meter Model SL – 4010

6.

Micro Meteorological Station Model EnviroWm 251°

7.

Water Level Indicator

8.

Global Positioning System.

STUDY OF LAND USE/LAND COVER AROUND PROPOSED PROJECT ACTIVITY USING SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING DATA The study was taken up to prepare current land use / land cover within 10 Km radius around the proposed project boundary at Village–Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil - Harsud,District- Khandwa, State- Madhya Pradesh (A) DATA USED Indian Remote Sensing satellite IRS P6 LISS IV MX digital FCC (False Color Composite) of current vintage data at 5m.Spatialresolution has been used for preparation of Land use/ Land cover thematic map of present study area. Survey of India toposheet as a reference map on 1:50,000 scale has been used for preparation of base layer map like road, rail network, contour, drainage, village and rectification of satellite data. Technical Details Satellite Image

-

IRS P6 LISS IV MX

Satellite Data Source

-

NRSA, Hyderabad

Software Used -

Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine 9.2


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(B) METHODOLOGY The methodology used for the study area consists of following components. (i) GEOREFERENCING OF SATELLITE IMAGE Satellite image has been geo referenced by using registered SOI toposheet as a reference map taking suitable Ground Control Points (GCP) points like intersection point of railway, Road network, landmarks and permanent feature. Finally Images were re-projected in UTM projection and their respective zone. (ii) BASE MAP LAYER CREATION Base map has been prepared using Survey of India Toposheet as a reference map on 1:50000 scale. In base layer linear and point feature like road, rail, canal, village location and plant site have been created in vector data format. Base map layer information has been used for analysis of surrounding feature like road, rail, village location near Plant site activity through superimposed on thematic map for data integration. (iii) INTERPRETATION OF SATELLITE IMAGE Hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual interpretation and digital image processing for identification of different land use and vegetation cover classes based on spectral signature of geographic feature. Spectral signature represents various land use class. Image interpretation keys are developed based on image characteristics like color, tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, association etc, which enables interpretation of satellite images for ground feature. (iv) GROUND TRUTH DATA COLLECTION Ground data on geo-environmental components of the study area were collected for verification of information of the different features of the study areas, which are responsible for the occurrence of specific spectral reflectance behavioural patterns. The ground truth detailed information on agricultural practices; wastelands, mining, industrial area etc. were collected along with other land features. Ground truth has been carried out for verification of the ground features (esp. one in doubt) interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed data, which cannot be interpreted directly on satellite imagery.


84



(C)

RESULTS In the present study, both digital image processing and visual interpretation technique were applied to generate output of Land use / Land cover map of study area on 1: 50,000 scale. A standard False Colour Composite (FCC) image has also been generated on the same scale. The study area has been divided into the above major classes of land use for the purpose of computing the area.


85



3.4.2

Land Use/Land Cover Statistics for Core Zone TABLE NO. 3.2 LAND USE PATTERN OF THE CORE ZONE Class Name

Area (Ha)

% of total area

Crop Land

41.55

10.98

Fallow Land

238.29

62.97

Plantation

22.51

5.95

Scrub land

76.04

20.10

378.39

100.00

TOTAL Source: LU/LC Map for Core Zone

The results indicate that Fallow land dominates the Core Zone area with of the total area of 238.29 ha i.e 62.97 % of the total area, after which Scrub land covers of the total area. Both these land use types are neither productive in terms of their use nor appears to be of very much significance to the nearby villagers; though their significance will be dealt in the Socio-economic section of the Report.


88



3.4.3

Land Use/Land Cover Distribution In The Buffer Zone TABLE: 3.3 LAND USE / LAND COVER DETAILS OF BUFFER ZONE S. No.

Land use pattern

Area (ha.)

(%)

1.

Water bodies

1986.99

5.01

2.

Forest

1778.70

4.48

3.

Crop Land

8192.70

20.65

4.

Fallow Land

20200.22

50.92

5.

Plantation/Vegetation

2080.94

5.25

6.

Human Settlement

704.76

1.78

7.

Open/ Waste Land

2330.75

5.88

8.

Mine Query

16.40

0.04

9.

Scrub land

2376.58

5.99

39668.04

100.00

TOTAL Source: LU/LC Map for Buffer Zone

With 50.92% of total buffer zone area Fallow Land defines the dominant land use type. After fallow land crop land dominates the study area with a total of 20.65% of the total buffer area.


90



3.5

GEOLOGY & HYDROLOGY Khandwa District is situated south West of the state of Madhya Pradesh. The District is in Indore Division of Madhya Pradesh. The District is bounded on the east by the Betul and Hoshangabad. The intracratonic Madhya Pradesh basin is located within the Central Indian Shield comprising of a variety of rock types. Geomorphology: The surrounding area shows a complex physiographic expression of highly rugged, dissected plateau, sloping gentle plains, valleys, structural hills of Vindhyans, denudation hills of Deccan traps, occasional isolated hills and gentle undulating country. The Deccan Trap terrain is characterized by step like topography and linear ridges over the older rocks. Apart from these above geomorphic features like flood, plain, alluvial plain, valley fills, intermountain depressions, pediment (Volcanic) are also seen in the district. The Narmada river forms a broad “U” shaped loop scouring the ridges in its course to give rise to steep gorges. A number of cascades / rapids and small falls are present in the hilly reaches. Regional Geology: The geological succession in the vicinity of the dam site and in the reservoir area is as follows: Table: 3.4 Geographical Succession near the Dam Site & in Reservoir Area

Source: Geological Survey of India


92



3.5.1

Mineralogical Map of The Proposed Site

Figure 3.5: Regional Geology and Mineral Map of Madhya Pradesh (modified after GSI). The red circle indicates location of the project site. The regional geological map shows the presence of: Basalts of Deccan Trap, Sandstone, Siltstone, Shale and Quartzites of Vindhyan groups, Shale and limestone of Bagh and Bijawar groups and The granite and granite-gneiss of Archaen group.


93



Structure and tectonics: The younger Bagh beds / Lameta beds and the Deccan Trap Basalts are totally undisturbed. The Quaternary older and younger alluvium show local tilting of the order of 5 – 10° which is attributed to neo tectonic activity in the area. The major structural features in the area are ENE-WSW trending faults, lineaments and shear zones. They are co-relatable with the Sone-Narmada-Tapti Lineament (SONATA) Zone / rift system. The SONATA zone is a prominent ENE-WSW trending rift of about 40 -125 km width extending for over 300 km in central India. The intervening area is characterized by horst and graben structures. The SONA north fault which marks the boundary between the Mahakoshal and Vindhyans in the eastern part of the zone becomes intra basinal in the project area. The SONA south fault marking the southern boundary of the Mahakoshal rift belt extends up to Khandwa as a lineament.

Fig.3.6: Geology & Tectonic Map near the project site


94



3.6

TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE Topography of Khandwa is gently to moderately undulating and soil are Medium Black. Khandwa District is situated South West of the state of Madhya Pradesh The District is in Indore Division of Madhya Pradesh. Maximum and minimum height above mean sea level is 905.56 m and 180.00 m respectively. The District is bounded on the east by the Betul and Hoshangabad District of Hoshangabad division, and Burhanpur District of Indore Division on South, on the west by West Nimar District of Indore division and on the North by Dewas District of the Indore Division. Rocks found in this area are Basalt, Sandstone, Limestone, Shale etc. Topography of the project site is gently flat and no filling shall be required. The small undulations in the site shall be leveled up within the site taking the fill material esp. from the ash dyke and raw water reservoir. The drainage of the District falls under the Narmada and the Tapti river systems. The water-parting line between the two river-systems runs along the crest of the Northern rang of the Satpura. The major portion of the District, North of this line, except the low tracts of Chandgarh and Selani, drains towards the North onto the Narmada through the ChhotaTawa and Kaveri rivers and a large number of small streams. The tracts North of the Narmada slope towards the south and the drainage is represented by the rills and rivulets joining the Narmada to the South. The area between the Northern and the Southern forks of the Satpuras in the District, mostly falling in Burhanpur Tehsil, is drained by a large number of streams descending into a hollow country (syncline) occupied by the Tapti. As the southern boundary of the District lies chiefly along crest of the Hatti range, the southern slopes of the range drain into the left bank tributary of the Tapti River in the East.

3.7

SEISMICITY OF AREA The District lies in a seismic zone where light to moderate earthquakes are possible although it is a part of the stable Peninsular Shield of India known as 'Horst Block' and is outside the main earthquake belt of India, viz., The Himalayan Arc. During the past 150 years (1847 – 1997) the area was rocked by 20 earthquake events of magnitude varying from 3.8 to 6.5. These earthquakes are considered to be of tectonic origin and related seismic adjustments along the fault systems in the area and the basement. As per seismic zoning map of India (ISI 1990), the project area falls in seismic zone III which signifies that the area may not be affected by any grave seismic event exceeding magnitude 6.5 in future and hence the seismo-tectonic hazards would be considered as moderate to minimal.


95



Figure No. 3.7: Seismic Map of India (Showing the Project Site)


96



3.8

WATER ENVIRONMENT The study area occupies a gently sloping slightly undulating plain land that forms a part of catchment of Indira Sagar Reservoir on regional scale. It is occupied by fractured and weathered limestone which also shows Karstic development. This area receives about 980.75mm rainfall annually. There is no nallah passing across the project site and thus no diversions required. However, there are 2-3 small seasonal nallahs originating from the agricultural fields in the project site. Change of land use shall level up the site and result in closure of these nallahs. The surface and ground water quality of the study area have been demarcated on the basis of result of water samples collected from different observation points for determining the suitability of water. Key Plan showing the Surface & ground water monitoring location is given as under:


97



3.8.1

Surface Water There are three rivers nearby to the project site namely River Ruparel, Ghorapachhar and Patal within the study area. Rainfall is the only direct source of ground water recharge for the study area in addition to these river bodies. TABLE NO. 3.5 DETAILS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS

S. No.

Location

SW1 Ruparel River

Direction from the Distance (km) from project boundary the project boundary

Upstream

N

0.7 km

NNE

0.8 km

SW

1.3 km

SSW

1.4 km

Upstream

NE

6.8 km

Downstream

ENE

6.9 km

SW4 Indira Sagar Near Pariyojna (Narmada Brahmogram River) (Towards West)

NW

5.6 kms

Near Baribandra (Towards East)

NW

5.5 kms

Downstream SW2 Ghorapachhar River Upstream Downstream SW3 Patal River

Source: Field Survey & Toposheet


99



3.8.2

Ground Water Quality Samples were collected from the available water resources around the project area. The samples were collected & tested from different sites. The quality of ground water was studied by collecting 8 water samples from representative tube wells and hand pumps. The water sampling stations are shown below: TABLE NO. - 3.7 GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATION (Post Monsoon Season, 2011) S. No.

Locations

Direction from the project Distance (km) from the boundary project boundary

GW1 Project Site

-

-

GW2 Village Baribandra

WSW

5.0 Km

GW3 Village Beriya

SSW

3.0 Km

N

0.5 Km

GW5 Village Torniya

NNW

0.5 Km

GW6 Village Rampuri

SE

1.7 Km

WNW

5.0 Km

S

4.0 Km

GW4 Village Chhiptpura

GW7 Village Brahmogram GW8 Near Pratapura RF Source: Field Visit & Toposheet


102



3.8.3

Result & Discussion Four surface water samples were taken & the analysis results of the same reveals that the pH varies in the range of 8.04 to 8.19, Total Hardness varies from 136.00 to 209.60 mg/l, Total Dissolved Solid varies from213.00 to 329.00 mg/l. All the values are found well within the standards.

Nine ground water samples were analyzed and the pH was found in the range of 7.46 & 8.17, Total Dissolved Solids from302.00 to661.00mg/l and total hardness ranges between 148.00 &592.00 mg/l. All the values have been found well within the prescribed standards.

3.9

METEOROLOGY

3.9.1

Introduction Meteorology plays a vital role in affecting the dispersion of pollutants, once discharged into the atmosphere. Since meteorological factors show wide fluctuations with time, meaningful interpretation can be drawn only from long-term reliable data. Such source of data is the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), which maintains a network of meteorological stations at several important locations. The nearest IMD station to the study area is located at Khandwa. The Meteorological parameters obtained for Post Monsoon Season, 2011 from this station is temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and wind direction, recorded at two synoptic hours i.e. 8:30 and 17:30 hours.

3.9.2

Climate The climate of the District is pleasant and healthy. The District falls in the drier part of India. The winter season starts from November and continues till the end of February. December is the coldest month with the usual maximum temperature at around 30°C and the minimum temperature at around 10°C. The monsoon season starts approximately by 10th June every year and extends up to early October. The days are quite humid. There is one meteorological observatory in Bhopal. In winter (November to February), the night temperature is around 10°C. At the peak of winter, it can be as low as low as 2 to 3°C. The record low is +1.5°C. During summer (April-June) the days are hot (35-40°C) with the peak summer (May) day temperature 41.8°C and minimum temperature is 27.5°C.The annual average maximum and minimum temperature is 34 and 19.5 °C.


107



3.9.3

Rainfall The average annual rainfall based on the IMD data is 980.75 mm. The monsoon generally sets in during the first week of June. About 83.4% of the rainfall is received during the monsoon. The rainfall gradually decreases after August. The maximum numbers of rainy days are observed in the month of July.

3.9.4

Micrometeorology at Site Meteorological station was set-up at site to record surface meteorological parameter during Post Monsoon Season, 2011 important meteorological data are summarized in the following table. As indicated in the windrose diagram the predominant direction of the study area is from NE. Detailed Hourly Micro-Meteorology table is enclosed as Annexure 8 with the Final EIA/EMP Report. TABLE NO. – 3.9 MICROMETEOROLOGY AT THE SITE Post Monsoon Season, 2011

Months

Temperature °C

Relative Humidity %

Wind Speed m/sec

Minimum Maximum 08:30 hrs 17:30 Hrs 08:30 hrs 17:30 Hrs October, 2011

13.6

35.5

60-79%

34-72%

0.0-0.6

0.0-2.00

November, 2011 11.2

34.5

59-84%

41-53%

00.1.68

1.2-3.40

December, 2011 13.2

31.5

60-88%

33-51%

1.5-2.5

0.0-1.45

Source: Micro-Meteorological Station at Site


108



Figure.3.10: Windrose Diagram Of The Project Site M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL)

109



3.10


The ambient air quality with respect to the study area of 10 km radius around the project site forms the baseline information. The various sources of air pollution in the region are dust rising from unpaved roads, domestic fuel burning, vehicular traffic, agricultural activities, other industries, etc. The prime objective of baseline air quality monitoring is to assess existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful in assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the operations.

The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through scientifically designed ambient air quality network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has been based on the following considerations: Meteorological conditions. Topography of the study area. Likely impact area.

3.10.1

Ambient Air Monitoring To know the ambient air quality in the study area of 10 km. radius, air quality survey has been conducted at 8 locations during study period of Post Monsoon Season, 2011. The AAQ monitoring stations were set up at the following locations which are shown in key plan & their direction & distance are shown in Table below. TABLE NO. – 3.10 LOCATIONS OF AAQ MONITORING STATIONS

S. No.

1. 2.

Project Site Village Bari Bandara

- WSW

Aerial Distance (Km) from the project boundary - 5 kms

3.

Village BeriyaKhal

SSW

3 kms

4.

Village Chhipipura

N

0.5 km

5. 6. 7.

Village Torniya Village Rampuri Near Village Brahmogram Village near Pratapura Reserved Forest

NNW SE WNW

0.5 km 1.7 km 5 km

S

4 km

8.

Sampling Locations

Direction from the project boundary

Sampling Criterion

- Village in dominant downwind direction Village in dominant downwind direction Nearby village Nearest village Populous village Near Indira Sagar reservoir Near Sensitive receptor i.e. Pratapura RF

Source: Field Visit & Toposheet


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3.10.2

Result & Conclusion The concentration of SPM, PM10 and PM2.5 for all the 8 AAQM stations ranges between 143.93 g/m3 to 221.88 g/m3, 46.64 to 73.65 g/m3 and 21.95 g/m3 to 32.76 g/m3 respectively. As far as the gaseous pollutants SO2 and NO2 are concerned, the SO2 concentrations are in the range of 6.47 g/m3 to 9.23 g/m3 and the NO2 concentration in the range of 14.06 g/m3 to 21.39 g/m3 for all the 8 AAQM stations. Hence, the concentration of SPM, PM10, PM2.5, SO2 & NO2 at all 8 AAQM stations are found to be well within the prescribe standards. Values for Ozone & Hg were found within the prescribed norms.

3.11

NOISE ENVIRONMENT Noise often defined as unwanted sound, interferes with speech communication, causes annoyance, distracts from work, disturb sleep, thus deteriorating quality of human environment. Noise Pollution survey has therefore been carried out. In order to know the baseline noise levels, in and around the project site, noise levels were measured at the plant site and also at villages in the study area. Table below shows the locations of the noise monitoring stations of the study area. TABLE NO. - 3.13 LOCATIONS OF NOISE MONITORING STATIONS Post Monsoon Season, 2011

S. No.

Sampling Locations

Direction from the project boundary

Aerial Distance (Km) from the project boundary

-

-

2. Village Baribandra

WSW

5 km

3. Village Beriya

SSW

3.0 km

N

0.5 km

5. Village Torniya

NNW

0.5 km

6. Village Rampuri

SE

1.7 km

WNW

5.0 km

S

5.0 Km

1. Project Site

4. Village Chhipipura

7. Village Brhmogram 8. Village Nr. Pratapura RF Source: Toposheet (SOI)

There are several sources in the 10 km radius of study area, which contributes to the local noise level of the area. Traffic as well as activities in nearby villages and agricultural fields adds to the ambient noise level of the area.


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Noise monitoring results are presented along with relevant standards given in following Tables: TABLE NO. - 3.14 AVERAGE NOISE LEVEL (POST MONSOON SEASON, 2011) Location Code

Location

Limits In Leq. dB (A)

Leq

DAY TIME 06.00 am –10.00 pm

NIGHT TIME 10.00 pm–6.00 am

Lmax

Lmin

Lmax

Lmin

Day Time

Night Time

NS1

Project Site

58.80

36.10

47.60

34.60

45.10

39.02

NS2

Village Baribandra

61.50

38.40

43.40

34.00

48.47

40.95

NS3

Village Beriya

61.50

40.90

49.60

38.00

49.90

43.08

NS4

Village Chhipipura

61.50

38.70

42.60

34.50

49.19

40.18

NS5

Village Torniya

61.50

43.50

48.70

38.50

52.81

42.63

NS6

Village Rampuri

59.60

42.80

45.60

39.20

48.52

42.08

NS7

Village Brhmogram

54.10

39.60

47.10

37.70

46.64

42.22

NS8

Village Nr. Pratapura RF

61.60

38.60

47.50

35.60

46.82

39.02

Source: Noise Montoring

Figure 3.13 (A): Graph showing Noise Levels at Day Time

Figure 3.13 (B): Graph showing Noise Levels at Night Time


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TABLE NO. : 3.15 CPCB NOISE STANDARDS Category of Zones

Leq in dB(A) Day

Night

Industrial

75

70

Commercial

65

55

Residential

55

45

Silence Zone

50

40

1. Day Time is from 6:.00 AM to 10:00 PM 2. Night Time is reckoned between 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM 3. Silence Zone is defined as an area up to 100m around premises of Hospitals, Educational Institutions and Courts. Use of vehicle horn, loudspeaker and bursting of crackers is banned in these zones. Note: Mixed categories of areas be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent Authority and the corresponding standards shall apply 3.11.1

Result

Noise levels were measured at eight different locations in the study area to establish present scenario. The daytime Leq varies from 45.10dB (A) to 52.81dB (A). The maximum and minimum values are observed at plant site and the area within the 10 km radius of the plant site.

The night time Leq varies from 39.2 dB (A) to 43.08 dB (A). The maximum and minimum values are observed at plant site and the area within the 10 km radius of the plant site. Both the above are within the prescribed CPCB standards. 3.12

SOIL ENVIRONMENT

3.12.1

Soil Quality and Characteristics

Agriculture is the main occupation of people in the study area, hence it is essential to determine the soil quality in the area and identify the impact of urbanization and industrialization on the soil quality.

The information on soil has been collected from various secondary sources and also through primary soil sampling, analysis of which is described in this section.

For studying the soil profile of the region, eight locations including the project site were selected to assess the existing soil conditions in and around the project area representing various land use conditions. The concentrations of physical and chemical parameters were determined. In addition to the above, information on the availability of water sources at sampling locations were also collected. The sampling locations have been finalized with the following objectives:


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To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area; and To determine the impact of industrialization on soil characteristics. Quality of the soil in the area shows a marked diversity in nature depending upon the parent rock and climatic conditions prevailing in different parts of the district. Representative soil samples were collected from eight different specified locations within the study area of the plant site. Standard procedures were followed for the sampling and analysis of physico – chemical parameters. Table No 3.16 shows the location of soil sampling stations. TABLE NO. – 3.16 SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS S. No.

Sampling Locations

Direction

Aerial Distance (Km) with respect to project site (approx.)

-

-

SA2 Village Baribandra

WSW

5.0 km

SA3 Village Beriya

SSW

3.0 km

N

0.5 km

SA5 Village Torniya

NNW

0.5 km

SA6 Village Rampuri

SE

1.7 kms

WNW

5 kms

S

4.0 km

SA1 Project Site

SA4 Village Chhipipura

SA7 Village Brahmogram SA8 Village Nr. Pratapura RF Source: Field Visit & Toposheet

Soil samples have been collected from 8 locations of 10 km radius core zone & buffer zone and analysis results have been given in Table 3.17 and the Standard Soil classification is given in Table No. 3.18.


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TABLE NO.–3.18 STANDARD SOIL CLASSIFICATION S.No. 1.

Parameters pH

Classification 9.0 Very strongly alkaline 2.

3.

Salinity Electrical Conductivity (mho/cm)

Up to 1.0 average

1 mho/cm = 640 ppm

2-3 harmful to crops

Nitrogen (kg/ha)

Up to 50 very less

1-2 harmful to germination

51-100 less 110-150 good 151-300 better >300 sufficient 4.

Phosphorus (kg/ha)

Up to 15 very less 15 – 30 less 31-50 medium 51-65 on average sufficient 66-80 sufficient >80 more than sufficient

5.

Potassium (kg/ha)

0-120 very less 120-180 less 180-240 medium 241-300 average 301-360 better >360 more than sufficient

Soil is the media for supplying the nutrients for plant growth. Nutrients are available to plants at certain pH and pH of soil can be affected by addition of pollutants in it


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either by air, or by water or by solid waste or by all of these. In order to establish the baseline status of soil characteristics, soil samples were collected at 8 sampling sites. The analysis results show that soil is almost neutral with pH value ranging from 7.06 to 7.18 with Organic Matter from 0.54% to 0.87%. The phosphorous varies from 8.80 to 11.38 kg/ha in the moderate amount, Potassium ranges from 119.01 to 380.76 kg/ha and Nitrogen from 208.01 to 272.70 kg/ha. 3.13

BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

3.13.1

Introduction Anthropogenic activities tend to bring instability in the species composition and functioning of ecosystem. The first component to be affected directly as well as indirectly and in a short, medium and long time span would be the biotic component of the area. This sets a cyclic process, which may aggravate the situation unless corrective measures are adopted. Generation of base-line data and knowing the types and extents of pollutants would be the first step of the environmental study report. The biological assessment is trustworthy and acceptable method to understand the impact of surroundings. This leads to suggesting remedial measures for minimizing impact. The aim of environment management plan is to manage the ecosystems with least alterations because only this can make ecosystem stable.

3.13.2

Cropping Pattern of the Study Area The soil is black and rocky in nature. There is scarcity of water in the region for irrigation. Mostly there is found single crop cultivation during rainy season period. Major agricultural crop in study area is Kharif which is done during rainy season. Main Kharif crops are jowar, soya bean, cotton, urd, ground nut ,arhar. Where there are means of irrigation rabbi crops are grown. Main Rabi crop grown in the study area are wheat, gram, mustard, potato, carrot, etc. . Vegetables: Abelmoschus esculentus (Bhindi), Allium cepa (Onion), Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Cabbage), Daucus carota (Carrot), S. tuberosum (Potato), Lycopersicon lycopersium (Tomato) are cultivated as vegetables. In the study area there is scarcity of water for irrigation. Farmers have dug wells in their agriculture fields. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood of the people of this area. The staple food of the study region is jowar and wheat.


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TABLE NO.: 3.19 CROPPING PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA S. No

1 2 3 4 5 6

Name of crop

Pure and mixed crops

Wheat vipul productive Gram Pure gram Pure Kidney Green Gram bean Lentil Pure Lentil Pea Pure Pea Linseed Pure Linseed Total area of the _ above mentioned rabi crops Wheat

Total area of the other rabi crops Total area of the all rabi crops Total area of the all Kharif crops Total area of the crops(Area of account + area of non account +double crops) Area of account for double crops Area of non account for double crops Total area of double crops

Area of Current year 2010-2011 Un irrigated irrigated 256.60 _ 56.80 0.60 0.60 0.75 315.35

Area of last year 2009-2010 Un irrigated irrigated 252.40 _

_ _

56.80 1.60

_ _

_ _ _ 310.80

_ _ _ _

3.50

_

313.80

_

_

8.40

_ _ _ _ _

_

323.75

_

_

1.00

615.21

1.40

601.75

_

324.75

615.21

315.20

601.75

_

323.75

313.80

_

_

_

323.75

_

_

_

313.80

_ _

_

Source: District Statistical Book


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3.13.3

Flora

3.13.3.1 Methodology

Before proceeding to the plant site the concerned Topo sheets were studied to have preliminary information about the topography, human settlements, rivers, the forests etc. within 10km radius from the plant site. Primary Information related to flora and fauna were generated by conducting field survey within Core Zone and within 10 km radius area around proposed project site. Discussions related to existing flora and fauna were also conducted with local people and forest department officials. Secondary data related to flora and fauna, cropping patterns etc. were collected from available literatures, internet, forest department and revenue department. Collected data were compiled for interpretation. Night survey was also conducted with the help of spotlight for the records of nocturnal mammals, birds and reptiles. 3.13.3.2 Flora in the Core Zone Core zone is in general flat. Lands of core zone are mostly barren with scattered patches of single crop rain based agriculture lands There are mainly bushes with dominance of Butea monosperma. Few of the plant species found in the Core zone area are mentioned below: TABLE NO. 3.22 LIST OF FLORA S. No. 1. 2. 3.

Palas Neem Peepal

Bute amonosperma Azadiachta indica Ficus religiosa

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11

Arundi Tendu Aak Karunda Chirchira Sehud Nagphani Ber

Ricinus cuminis Diospyros melanoxylon Calotropis giganta Carissa spinarum Achyranthes aspera Carnegia gigantean Opuntia dillenii Zyzyphus mauritiana

Common Name

Scientific Name

Source: Site visit


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3.13.3.3 Flora in the Buffer Zone(10km radius area from boundary of Core Zone) Topography of the Buffer Zone (10km radius area from boundary of Core Zone) is flat and undulated. Soil is rocky. Surrounding areas are dominated by cultivated lands Source of water for irrigation is mainly rain water A few farmers have dug well also in their agriculture fields Forests in the Buffer Zone are dry, deciduous in nature. Forest located in the study area is known as Singhaji Range. Under Singhaji Range comprises 2 Reserve Forests (Pratppur / Bhawania Reserved Forest and Majhdhad Reserved Forest). In these forests Teak (Tectona grandis) is dominant plant species. The plant species found in the Buffer Zone (10km radius area from the core zone boundary) are mentioned below: TABLE NO.3. 23 LIST OF PLANT SPECIES IN BUFFER ZONE S. No.

Scientific Name

Local Name

TREES 1.

Anogeissus latifolia

Dhawada

2.

Albizzia lebbek

Black Sirus

3.

Albizzia procera

Sirus (White)

4.

Acacia nilotica

Babul

5.

Acacia leucophloea

Reonja

6.

Aegle marmelos

Bel

7.

Azadirachta indica

Neem

8.

Bauhinia malabarica

Amta

9.

Bauhinia racemosa

Apta/ Kachnar

10

Boswellia serrata

Salai

11.

Butea monosperma

Palash

12.

Diospyros melanoxylon

Tendu

13.

Ficus glomerata

Gular

14.

Ficus religiosa

Pipal

15.

Ficus bengalensis

Bargad

16.

Hardwicki abinnata

Anjan

17.

Madhuca indica

Mahua

18.

Phoenix sylvestris

Khajur

19.

Ptarocarpus marsupiun

Bija


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20.

Syzygium cumunii

Jamun

21.

Tamarindus indica

Imli

22.

Tectona grandis

Sag/ Sagwan/ Teak

23.

Terminaliato mentosa

Saja

24.

Zizyphus mauritiana

Ber

SHRUBS 25.

Adhatoda vassica

Andosa

26.

Acacia farnesiana

Kantagi Babul

27.

Calotropis giganta

Aak

28.

Cassia auriculata

Tarwar

29.

Caesalpinia dacopetals

Chilati

30.

Capparisa phylla

Kareel

31.

Carissa spinarum

Karaunda

32.

Desmodium pulchellum

Chikati

HERBS 33.

Achyranthes aspera

Chirchira

34.

Cassia tora

Charauta

35.

Ocimum basilicum

JangaliTulsi

36.

Solanum xanthocarpum

Rigni

37.

Tribusterrestris

Gokaru

38.

Xanthium strumarium

Gokharu

Source: Site visit

Reserve Forests: There is Bhawania / Pratappur Reserved Forest at about 5 km distance in South East -South West direction &Majadhad Reserved Forest at about 6.0 km distance in South –South West Direction from the proposed project site within the study area. These forests are located in Singhaji Forest Range and dominant tree species is Teak (Tectona grandis). Listing of Aquatic plant species There are three tributaries (River Ghodapachhar, River Ruprel and River Patal) of River Narmada in the study area and they are seasonal without continuous water flow after rainy season. River Ghodapachhar and river Ruprel receive back water from Indira Gandhi Reservoir during rainy season. This back water retains in these rivers up to a few distance. There is no specific aquatic flora in these rivers.


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Analysis of Flora Recorded plant species are not endemic, endangered or rare. The proposed project site and the surrounding 10 km radius area are not eco sensitive. In existing Reserve forests Teak (Tectona grandis) is dominant species. 3.13.4

Fauna within the Study Area A general faunal survey was carried out in the Core Zone and 10 km radius area from the boundary of Core Zone. There are domestic animals such as Cows, Oxes, buffaloes, Goats, Dogs, Cats, Hensetc. in nearby villages. Besides domestic animals there are wild fauna also mainly in nearby forests areas. The recorded Fauna are as given below:

3.13.4.1 Fauna in Core Zone TABLE NO.: 3. 24 LIST OF FAUNA (Core Zone) S. No.

Common Name

Scientific Name

Schedule as per Wildlife Act, 1972 and further amendments

1.

Five striped Funambulus pennanti squirrel

Schedule IV

2.

Common Mangoose

Herpestes edwardsi

Schedule - II

3.

Common Myna Acridotheres tristis

Schedule - IV

4.

House Crow

Corvus splendens

Schedule - V

5.

Indian rat

R. rattus

Schedule V

6.

Garden lizard

Calotes versicolor

Schedule IV

7.

Rat snake

Ptyas mucosus

Schedule IV

Source: Site visit

3.13.4.2 Fauna in Buffer Zone (10 km radius area from the boundary of Core Zone) TABLE NO: 3. 25 LIST OF FAUNA (Buffer Zone) S. Common No. Name

Scientific Name

Schedule as per Wildlife Act, 1972 and further amendments

Lepus nigricollis

Schedule IV

1.

Indian hare

2.

Five striped Funambulus squirrel pennanti

Schedule IV

3.

Common Mangoose

Herpestes edwardsi

Schedule - II

4.

Indian rat

R. rattus


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Schedule V



5.

Garden lizard

Calotes versicolor

Schedule - IV

6.

Wild Pig

Sus scrofa

Schedule III

7.

Jackal

Canis aureus

Schedule II (Part II)

8.

Jungle cat

Fellis chaus

Schedule II

9.

Monkey

Presbtis phayeri

10.

Common frog

Rana tigrina

Schedule IV

11.

Rat snake

Ptyas mucosus

Schedule IV

12.

Indian Cobra

Ophio phagushannas

Schedule II (Part II)

13.

Grey Quail

Conturnix caturroux

Schedule IV

14.

Grey patridge

Franco linus

Schedule IV

15.

Common Myna

Acrido therestristis

Schedule - IV

16.

House Crow

Corvus splendens

Schedule – V

17.

House Sparrow

Passer domesticusindicus

Schedule - IV

18.

Jungle Crow

Corvus splendens

Schedule – V

19.

Red Vented Pycnonotus cafer Bulbul

Schedule - IV

20.

Blue pigeon

Schedule IV

21.

Brahminy Myna

Sturnia pagodarum

Schedule - IV

22.

Cattle Egret

Bubuleus ibis

Schedule - IV

rock Columba livia

Schedule II ( Part I)

Source: Site visit

ANALYSIS OF FAUNA Schedule- I faunal species was not observed in the Buffer Zone as well as in Core Zone. Wild animals are confined to forests. Aquatic fauna (mainly fishes) are confined to Indira Sagar Reservoir portion which is at about 7 km distance from the project site. Main fishes of river Narmada are Hilsailisa, Catlacatla, Tot tor, Mystus tengara, Labeo dyocheilus, Notopterus chitala. 3.14

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

3.14.1

Reconnaissance An essential part of environmental study is socio-economic environment incorporating various facts related to socio-economic conditions in the area, which deals with the total environment.


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Socio economic study includes demographic structure of the area, provision of basic amenities viz., housing, education, health and medical services, occupation, water supply, sanitation, communication, transportation, prevailing diseases pattern as well as feature of aesthetic significance such as temples, historical monuments etc. at the baseline level. This would help in visualizing and predicting the possible impact depending upon the nature and magnitude of the project. Socio-economic study of an area provides a good opportunity to assess the socioeconomic conditions of an area. This study will possibly make a change in living and social standards of the particular area benefitted due to the Project. The gross economic production of the area will be increased substantially due to the existence of this project. It can undoubtedly be said that this plant will provide direct and indirect employment and improve the infrastructural facilities and standards of living of the area. The fabrics of socio-economic changes are so complicated that this study would seem to be extremely limited, almost superficial and at time subjective in nature. More thorough and quantified socio-economic study will undoubtedly require vastly longer time and resources, and is, therefore, beyond the scope of the present EIA study. The EIA will give a reasonably clear picture of the socio-economic conditions prevailing in the study area. 3.14.2

Objective Social and economic development, especially rural development with particular emphasis on tribal development and issues concerning poverty mitigation. Human resources development and management. Understand socio economic profile of the community. Expectation of the community Identify program activities in CSR; To assess the impact of the project on agricultural situation; To examine the economic status of the people residing in the project area; To examine the effect of the project on education of the people in the study area;

3.14.3

Methodology For socioeconomic study of the project area, both qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted. Data regarding the field area were collected both from primary as well as secondary sources. Primary sources include data collected


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through direct field sampling, observations based on schedules, questionnaires etc. Secondary sources include various reports, records, literatures, documents, maps, charts, and photographs etc, collected from various public and private organisations. The data collected from various sources were processed, computed and tabulated to fit the problem. These tabulated data was interpreted and analysed with the help of various quantitative techniques and ideographic approaches. 3.14.4

Background Information of The Area

3.14.4.1 State Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh often called the ‘Heart of India’ has kept in its credit the most famous erotic sculptures in the world, the oldest cave paintings in the world, the oldest Buddhist Stupa in the world and the largest wildlife sanctuary in Asia is the sight seer’s paradise. In the evolution of the history of India, the state of Madhya Pradesh has crossed the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic and Iron Age where evidences of earliest human settlements have been found, where the Indian cultures have flourished in its own way. The words Madhya Pradesh means “middle province” which connotes its geographical location in the map of India surrounded by the states of Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan. The total geographical area the state of Madhya Pradesh covers is approximately 308,000 sq km divided among the 45 districts of the state. Forests cover a major part of the state and the cultivated area accounts to almost half of the total landmass of the state. The state covers a wide area of the Indian plateau region. A number of significant rivers flow through this land. Thus, with the mountain ranges, rivers along with the plains, Madhya Pradesh has a varied physical feature. Coal and iron are among the more important of the minerals of Madhya Pradesh. The iron ore found in Madhya Pradesh is of high grade and occurs in the Dury, Jubalpur, Bastar and Gwalior districts. Manganese is another important mineral, which occurs in Madhya Pradesh in the Balaghat and Chhindwara districts.There is bauxite which is required in the production of aluminum and which is available in the Katni tehsil of Jabalpur. Madhya Pradesh has a large deposit of limestone required for the production of cement. The Panna region has a rich diamond bed and is well known for the production of diamonds. Marble is also available in the state in several districts. The state has rich granaries of food. In the northern part sillimanite and ochre are excavated. Other natural products are steatite and China clay. There are many flourishing textile mills in the state and artificial silk manufacturing plants


134



located at Ujjain, Nagda, Indore and Gwalior. In the public sector, huge plants, namely the Bhilai Steel plant, the Heavy Electrical are the major achievements. The Nepa Mills produces newsprint for the country. Diesel engines are manufactured at Indore and attractive pottery and carpets are produced at Gwalior. Agriculture is the largest area of occupation in Madhya Pradesh. Around 1/5th of the cultivated land is under irrigation. The major food crops here include, jowar, wheat, rice and gram. Among the other crops, the oilseeds, cotton and sugarcane are some of those that need a mention. TABLE NO.– 3.26 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF MADHYA PRADESH STATE Particular

Details

Area (in sq. kms.) Districts

308,000

45

Population

60,348,023

Male

31,443,652

Female

28,904,371

Scheduled Tribes

12,233,474 (20.3%)

Scheduled Castes

9,155,177 (15.2%)

No. of Households

10,912,025

Literacy

63.7%

Sex Ratio (Females per 1000 Males)

932

Source: Census of India, 2001

3.14.4.2 Khandwa (East Nimar) District Khandwa also known as East Nimar District of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The city of Khandwa is the administrative headquarters of the district. Prior to the States reorganization, i.e., on 1st November 1956, the District was officially known as Nimar District and formed part of Mahakoshal region of the erst-while Madhya Pradesh. The western part of old Prant Nimar originally held by the Holkar, became a part of Madhya Bharat, when that state was formed in the year 1948. As on the reorganization of States, Madhya Bharat region was merged in Madhya Pradesh, the western part of old Prant Nimar eventually became a part of Madhya Pradesh. This tract with its headquarters at Khargone, also happened to retain its old name of Nimar, and being to the west of the District of former Nimar of Mahakoshal region, was named as Nimar(West) or West Nimar, while the District was officially renamed as Nimar(East) or East Nimar from 1st November, 1956. On august, 15, 2003 the District has been divided into Khandwa & Burhanpur district. Khandwa District is


135



situated south West of the state of Madhya Pradesh. The District is in Indore Division of Madhya Pradesh. Maximum and minimum height above mean sea level is 905.56 m and 180.00 m respectively. The District is bounded on the east by the Betul and Hoshangabad District of Hoshangabad division, and Burhanpur District of Indore Division on south, on the west by West Nimar District of Indore division, and on the north by Dewas District of the Indore Division. The District for the purpose of general and revenue administration has been divided into three sub-divisions viz., Khandwa, Pandhana, Harsud. And three tehsils, viz., Khandwa, Pandhana and Harsud. The tehsils have been further sub-divided into revenue inspector's circles and and patwari circles for revenue administration. The Sub-divisional & Tehsil HQ of Harsud Sub-Divisio and Tehsil has been shifted to New-Harsud (Chhanera) Due to displacement under Indira Sagar Project.

Figure: 3.15- Map of Khandwa District TABLE NO. – 3.27 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF KHANDWA DISTRICT

Particular


Details

136



Area (in sq. kms.)

6206

No. of Households

306,979

Population

1,713,134

Male Population

884,966

Female Population

828,168

Scheduled Tribes

508,532(29.7%)

Scheduled Casts

189,688(11.0%)

Literacy Rate

61.8%

Sex Ratio (Females per 1000 Males)

936

Source: Census of India, 2001

3.14.5

Baseline Data & Analysis Base line data are collected and prepared by conducting a survey. Minimum 50% of the villages under Buffer Zone have been surveyed, preferably the villages falling from the Core Zone (Plant Site) secondly of the villages falling upto 5km from Core Zone. Twenty villages have been surveyed for this project and keeping in view the socio-economic condition of the project area has been analysed. Secondary data has been used from census, NGO’s and other department. Study area (buffer zone) is the area within 10 km radius of the project site. It covers 38 villages of block (New Harsud) in Khandwa district. The socio-economic parameters i.e. population growth, density, literacy etc. plays an important role in determining the impact of the proposed activity directly or indirectly on the human population of the study area. These impacts may be beneficial or detrimental.

3.14.5.1 Demography The population as per 2001 Census records is 35470 (for 10 km radius buffer zone). Scheduled Caste fraction of the population of the study area (10 km) is 4286(12.08%) and Scheduled Tribe 11379(32.08%). Percentage of literacy is 57.54% and that of workers those actually engaged in occupation is 51.04% (including, 76.75% of Main workers & 23.25%of marginal workers). Rest 48.96% of the total population, are considered as non-workers. (Table-3.28)


137



3.14.5.2 Baseline Data of Study Area Base line data are collected and prepared by conducting a survey. Minimum 50% of the villages under Buffer Zone have been surveyed by proportional random sampling methods, preferably the villages falling from the Core Zone (Plant Site) to 3 km, secondly of the villages falling 3 to 5km of buffer zone and thirdly up to 10 km. Twenty villages have been surveyed for this project and keeping in view the socioeconomic condition of the project area has been analysed. Secondary data has been used from census and NGO’s.

Nishaniya Village Survey

Bori saray Village Survey

Damdama Village survey

Kesharpura Village Survey

3.14.5.3 Socio-Economic Profile of Study Area Study area (buffer zone) is the area within 10 km radius of the project site. It covers 38 villages of block (New Harsud) in Khandwa district. The socio-economic parameters i.e. population growth, density, literacy etc. plays an important role in determining the impact of the proposed activity directly or indirectly on the human population of the study area. These impacts may be beneficial or detrimental.


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3.14.5.3.1 Population Distribution On the basis of primary data it is clear that the total population of 20 surveyed villages is 24443 and comprises of 4517 households. The population distribution varies from place to place. Average household size is 5.


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3.14.5.3.2 Vulnerable Group While developing an action plan, it is very important to identify the population who fall under the marginalized and vulnerable groups and special attention has to be given towards these groups while making action plans. Special provisions should be made for them.

Figure 3.16 : Graph showing SC/ST Population of surveyed Villages in study area In the surveyed villages schedule tribes (S.T.) and schedule caste (SC) population is 21.06% and 14.95% respectively, of total population of surveyed villages. The SC/ST Population varies village to village. 3.14.5.3.3 Literacy Rate Literacy Rate is the amount of people in a country with the ability to read and write. The analysis of the literacy levels is done in the study area. The 10 km radius study area demonstrates a literacy rate of 62.25% as per Survey. The male literacy rate, i.e., the percentage of literate males in the study area works out to be 78.25 %. Whereas, the female literacy rate, which is an important indicator for social change, is observed to be 47.21 % in the study area as per survey. This indicates that there is a need for sociological development in the region. In the present study, the literacy rate is quite moderate in the surveyed village due to lack of education awareness and higher education facility. Male and Female literacy rate of surveyed village varies place to place. Interior villages have very low female literacy rate due to tribal domination and lack of education facility.


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Figure 3.17: Graph showing Literacy rate of Surveyed Villages in study area 3.14.5.3.4 Economic Activities The economy of an area is defined by the occupational pattern and income level of the people in the area. The occupational structure of residents in the study area is studied with reference to work category. The population is divided occupation wise into three categories, viz., main workers, marginal workers and non-workers. The workers include cultivators, agricultural labourers, those engaged in household industry and other services. The marginal workers are those workers engaged in some work for a period of less than 180 days during the reference year. The non-workers include those engaged in unpaid household duties, students, retired persons, dependents, beggars, vagrants etc. besides institutional inmates or all other non-workers who do not fall under the above categories. Table:3.30 shows the distribution of workers in the surveyed villages in area.


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TABLE NO. – 3.30 WORK FORCES OF THE SURVEYED VILLAGES S. No.

Name of the Village

Worker's Classification Total workers Main Worker

Marginal Worker

Non- Workers

1

Bhawaniya Ryt

769

472

297

581

2

Chhipipura

494

396

99

556

3

Dharu Khedi

680

275

406

705

4

Nishaniya Mal

1113

595

518

887

5

Rampuri Ryt

910

595

315

592

6

Torniya

520

519

1

450

7

Barud Mal

725

708

17

770

8

Bori Saray

627

396

231

573

9

Brahm gaon

321

300

21

279

10

Kashipura

873

485

388

762

11

Moujwadi Mal

288

271

17

486

12

Ramjipura

561

430

131

639

13

Sadiyapani Sarkar

493

250

242

382

14

Subhanpura

527

254

273

471

15

Son Khedi

835

831

4

965

16

Bothiya Kalan

861

718

143

961

17

Bothiya Khurd

312

256

56

338

18

Chhapa Kund

716

640

76

571

19

Damdama

528

340

188

422

20

Rewapur

413

365

48

487

12453 (50.95%)

9187 (73.78%)

3265 (26.22%)

11991 (49.05%)

Total

Sources: Site Survey

The above table shows that the percentage of total working population and non working population is 50.95% and 49.05% respectively of whole population of surveyed villages (Table-3.30).


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Figure 3.18: Graph showing Work force of surveyed villages in study area According to the surveyed analysis total working population is more than nonworking population but village wise scenario is different some villages have working population is better and some have not . 3.14.6

Basic Amenities A better network of physical infrastructure facilities (well-built roads, rail links, irrigation, power and telecommunication, information technology, market-network and social infrastructure support, viz. health and Education, water and sanitation, veterinary services and co-operative) is essential for the development of the rural economic. A review of infrastructure facilities available in the area has been done based on the information from base line survey of the study area. The data on various aspects are given village wise in these documents. In this revive the villages, which falls within 10Km radius round the site has been considered. Infrastructure facilities available in the area are described in the subsequent sections. (Table-3.31, 3.32 & 3.33)

3.14.6.1 Educational Facilities According to surveyed villages education facilities are average level. Some of the villages have schools only up to primary level, no higher level education facilities does exist in surveyed villages. In all the surveyed villages, villages face a big loss in field of education and education is the demand of time. (Table-3.31).


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TABLE NO. – 3.31 EDUCATION FACILITIES OF THE SURVEYED VILLAGES S. No.

Name of Village

Education Facilities Primary School

Middle School

Se. Sec. School

College

Training Adult School literacy centre

1

Bhawaniya Ryt

1

1

0

0

0

0

2

Chhipipura

1

1

0

0

0

0

3

Dharu Khedi

1

1

0

0

0

0

4

Nishaniya Mal

1

1

0

0

0

0

5

Rampuri Ryt

1

0

0

0

0

0

6

Torniya

1

1

0

0

0

0

7

Barud Mal

1

1

0

0

0

0

8

Bori Saray

1

1

0

0

0

0

9

Brahm gaon

1

0

0

0

0

0

10

Kashipura

1

1

1

0

0

0

11

Moujwadi Mal

2

0

0

0

0

0

12

Ramjipura

1

1

0

0

0

0

13

Sadiyapani Sarkar

1

1

0

0

0

0

14

Subhanpura

1

1

0

0

0

0

15

Son Khedi

1

1

1

0

0

0

16

Bothiya Kalan

1

1

1

0

0

0

17

Bothiya Khurd

1

0

0

0

0

0

18

Chhapa Kund

1

1

0

0

0

0

19

Damdama

1

1

0

0

0

0

20

Rewapur

1

0

0

0

0

0

21

15

3

0

0

0

Total Source: Site Survey

3.14.6.2 Health Facilities In the surveyed villages facilities are moderate level. In some villages sub-public health centre (PHCS), health centre and maternity home are there, but no other facility available there (Table- 3.32). People have to go to above 10 km from their place to avail medical facility. There are 3 Primary Health Centres and 4 Primary Health Sub-Centers in study area. The available health facilities are given in following table-3.22.


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TABLE NO. 3.32 Medical Facilities of Surveyed Villages S. No.

Name of Village

Medical Facilities Primary Primary Health Maternity Aaganbari Other Health Health Centre Home Centre Centre SubCentre Centre

1

Bhawaniya Ryt

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

Chhipipura

0

0

0

0

0

0

3

Dharu Khedi

0

1

0

0

0

1

4

Nishaniya Mal

0

0

1

0

0

1

5

Rampuri Ryt

0

0

0

0

0

0

6

Torniya

0

0

0

0

1

0

7

Barud Mal

0

0

0

0

1

0

8

Bori Saray

0

0

0

0

0

1

9

Brahm gaon

0

0

0

0

0

0

10

Kashipura

0

0

0

1

1

1

11

Moujwadi Mal

0

0

0

0

0

0

12

Ramjipura

0

0

0

0

1

0

13

Sadiyapani Sarkar

1

0

1

0

0

0

14

Subhanpura

1

0

1

0

1

1

15

Son Khedi

0

0

0

0

0

1

16

Bothiya Kalan

0

1

0

1

0

1

17

Bothiya Khurd

0

0

0

0

1

1

18

Chhapa Kund

0

1

0

1

0

1

19

Damdama

2

0

1

0

0

0

20

Rewapur

0

0

0

0

0

0

Total

4

3

4

3

6

9

Source: Site Survey

3.14.6.3

Other Infrastructure Facilities: Other infrastructure facility i.e. water, bus service, electricity etc. of the 20 surveyed villages is given below table-3.23.


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Transport Facilities The study area is served by road transport. Most of the villages connected by bus/other transport services except interior. The area has an average road network, which includes National highway, major District Roads and other roads. Nearest Railway station is Barud, which is North-East part of the plant site. Post and Telegraphs The study area has a low level of post services in the interior villages. Altogether there are few Post Offices in the study area. The study area is served by Average telephone and mobile network. Electrification in the area 90% villages in the study area are electrified. Electricity is available for domestic, non-domestic, industrial agricultural and public lighting purposes. Some village use solar light for domestic. Drinking Water Facility Village people are availing Drinking water facilities generally from the Hand pump, open well and tap . The water supply is also supplied through tanker in few villages. During summer scarcity of water has been noted in the study area. 3.14.7

Results The socio economic study of the study area on the behalf of surveyed villages gives clear picture of its population, average household size, literacy rate, sex ratio etc, the literacy rate is concerned the study area has an average level (63.25%). It has schedule tribe and schedule castes. A part of population is suffering from the lack of permanent job to run their day to day life and get basic facility. The infrastructure and amenities available in the area denotes the economic well being of the region. The study area as a whole possesses below average of infrastructural facilities. However, in comparison with the facilities available in other parts of the districts this area lacks higher level of amenities like higher education, health, drinking water and communication network. This area needs more medical facilities it has not even one maternity and child care centre is also not available to this big population, primary health centre and sub centers are also not in healthy conditions to provide facilities to people. The area is well connected with road transport and communication facilities.


151 JM EnviroNet Pvt Ltd.


The socio-economic analysis of the Study Area shows that in terms of education and employment, the area is moderately developed. The overall socio-economic status of the target population is below average in terms of literacy, Work Participation Rate etc. more attention and care should be taken so that the needs and demand of the population of the influence area can get more exposure to modern facilities of education and development to a bright future. 3.14.7.1

Recommendation and Suggestion Awareness program should be conducted to make the population aware to get education and better treatment for livelihood. Health care centre and ambulance facility can be provided to make the population get easy medical facilities. Vocational training session can be organized to provide self employment to the women and unemployment youth. On the basis of qualification and skills local youths can be employed. Long term and short term employments can be generated. Maternity facility can be made available to avoid going for off places and unnecessary risks to get treatment at tehsil headquarters

3.14.8 Impact of the Project The project management will support the local administration and provide other form of assistance for the development of public amenities in this region. The management will provides basic amenities to nearby villagers for water distribution, building of schools, dispensaries, etc. Adult Education programmes are organized for up-gradation of literacy level. Plantation is developed around plant site and colony. So the management has helped in improving the overall status of the area and will further contribute to the socio- economic development of the area. Management will give employment to the local people. The local economy has received a boost due to employee spending and services generated. The overall effect is improved buying power of employees and thus a higher standard of living viz. better education, improved health and sanitation facilities housing and acquisition of consumer durable. Housing, transport, power supply, medical, educational and other civic amenities will also get a boost in future. This is envisaged as a major positive benefit.




SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS The unskilled and semi-skilled categories of labour are by and large available from the nearby villages and towns. Thus, accommodation for not more than 20% of the labour strength is provided at site. This labour force along with their families put marginal pressure on the resources of the area both physical and aesthetic. Further, many of the agricultural labourers are attracted round the year for employment at construction site. These results, especially on occasions of harvesting, in a steep rise in agricultural wages in the surrounding villages. Hence, the short-term positive impacts on socio-economic conditions of the area are anticipated during the construction phase. 3.15

INDUSTRIES FALLING WITHIN 10 KMS TABLE NO. 3.34 Industries Falling Within 10 Kms S. No. 1.

Name of Industry

Distance & Direction from the project site

Small Crusher Plant

1.5 kms, SW

Source: Site Visit 3.16

CONCLUSION All the basic facilities like road and rail network, medical facilities, post & telegraph, market, drinking water facilities and education facilities are available in the study area. Coming up of proposed project and that would be boon for the district as it will not only result in employment opportunity but also infrastructure development and overall growth of the area.




CHAPTER–IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT The likely impacts due to the proposed Coal based Super Critical Thermal Power Plant have been categorized in two parts: During construction phase of the TPP. During operation of proposed TPP The environmental parameters likely to be affected by the project are related to many factors, i.e. physical, social, economic, agriculture and aesthetic. Construction activities normally spread over pre-construction, preparatory construction, machinery installation and commissioning stages and end with the induction of manpower and start-up. All the operations can disturb environment of the area in various ways, such as removal of mass, change of landscape, displacement of human settlement, flora and fauna of the area, surface drainage, and change in air, water and soil quality. While for th purpose of development and economic upliftment of people, there is need for establishment of industries and mining, but these have to be environmental friendly. Therefore, it is essential to assess the impacts likely to occur on different environmental parameters, due to the project, before starting of the project, so that abatement measures could be planned in advance. The increasing awareness among the people about ecological imbalance and environmental degradation has raised many apprehensions. The impacts on different environmental parameters due to this Coal Based Thermal Power Project are discussed below:

4.2

IMPACT DUE TO PROJECT ACTIVITY Impacts due to project activity have been divided according to the temporal scale into impacts during Construction phase & impacts during operation phase. Construction activity spreads over pre-construction, machinery installation and commissioning stages and ends with the induction of manpower and start-up. During operation phase of the proposed project, the impacts will be mostly permanent and irreversible in nature. Impacts on various environmental parameters during construction activities & operation activities for different parameters are described in the following paragraphs.


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4.2.1

Impacts during Construction Phase During construction phase the activities related to land de-weeding, levelling of site and construction of related structures and installation of related equipment.

4.2.1.1

Impact on Topography and Land Use Topography of the proposed site is generally flat and drains towards North of the project area. The existing site elevation is about 280 m above Mean Sea Level (MSL). Some level of cutting and filling will need to be done to maintain an even topography within the plant area. No major change in topography of the site is envisaged due to proposed plant erection. The results of present land use of the proposed plant site indicates that Fallow land dominates the Core Zone area with of the total area of 238.29 ha i.e 62.97 % of the total area, after which Scrub land covers of the total area. Both these land use types are neither productive in terms of their use nor appears to be of very much significance to the nearby villagers. These will be converted to industrial after the project execution. . There are no major human settlements in the project area. Apart from the change in land use pattern and temporary change in soil profile within the project site there will not be any adverse impact on the surrounding land use during the construction period.

4.2.1.2

Impact on Soil The soil is Silty clay. The construction activities do result in loss of some vegetation cover and topsoil to some extent in the plant area. It is proposed to construct line drains for storm water to minimize the soil erosion and collect the soil through series of check dams. Apart from localized construction impacts at the plant site, no adverse impacts on soil in the surrounding area are anticipated.

4.2.1.3

Impact on Air Quality The main sources of emission during the construction period are the movement of equipment at site and dust emitted during the leveling grading, earthwork and foundation works. Exhaust emissions from vehicles and equipment to be deployed during the construction phase is also likely to result in marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NO2, Particulate Matter and CO. The impact will be for short duration. This will be confined within the project boundary and is expected to be negligible outside the plant boundaries. The impact will, however, be reversible, marginal and temporary in nature. Proper maintenance of vehicles and construction equipment


155



will help in controlling the gaseous emissions. Water sprinkling on roads and construction site will prevent fugitive dust. 4.2.1.4

Impact on Water Resources and Water Quality No major water bodies exist in the project site. No diversion of stream or any other water body is envisaged. Hence, no significant impact is envisaged on water resources of the area. No groundwater is proposed to be utilized for the project. Hence, no impact is envisaged on the ground water resources. The possibility of soil erosion and carryover of top soil to surface water resources is likely due to non- point discharges in any project construction site. This will be taken care with a network of well designed storm water drains with check dams. The contamination due to sewage generated from the construction work force stationed at the site in labor colony will be eliminated by providing a septic tank with soak pit facility. The overall impact on water environment during construction phase due to proposed project is likely to be short term and insignificant.

4.2.1.5

Impact on Noise Levels Heavy construction traffic for loading and unloading of fabrication and material handling of equipment/ materials is likely to cause an increase in the ambient noise levels. The vehicles used for movement will be taken for preventive maintenance to reduce noise generation at source. The little noise generation during construction phase of the project will be temporary and will be restricted to site. D.G. Sets during construction activities will have acoustic enclosures around the equipments as per CPCB norms to control noise level.

4.2.1.6

Impact on Terrestrial Ecology The initial construction works at the project site involves land clearance. During construction activities vegetation may be disturbed which can be considered insignificant as the site do not support quality vegetation. The proposed land is mainly fallow and very less single crop land exists, in the proposed plant area. Greenbelt will be developed to improve the aesthetic value in the area and to reduce the fugitive dust. However, such impacts will be confined to the project site and will be minimized through paving and water sprinkling. The other minor vegetation will be removed during construction causing insignificant impact on the ecology.

4.3

IMPACTS DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE The proposed plant operation will involve 1320 MW of power generation. The


156



following activities related to the operational phase will have varying impacts on the environment and are considered for impact assessment: Land use; Soil quality; Topography and climate; Air quality; Water resources and quality; Solid waste; Noise levels; Terrestrial and aquatic ecology; Demography and socio-economic; and Infrastructural facilities. 4.3.1

Impact on Land Use The project has occupied a large area of agriculture land which will get converted for Industrial usage. The power project will not have any significant adverse impact in this land use. In contrary it may give impetus to change land use from fallow to cultivable. Certain areas may change the land use to commercial etc. However the long term impacts of project on land use can be as under: New habitation areas may come up. New infrastructure might be constructed. New markets may be formed, which will improve the overall social attributes of the surrounding area.

4.3.2

Impact on Soil Most of the impacts of power project on soils are restricted to the construction phase, which will get stabilized during operational phase. The impact on the topsoil will be confined to the proposed main plant area. There could be chances that air borne fugitive dust from the plant may likely get deposited in the immediate vicinity. However, the fugitive emissions will be controlled by an effective dust extraction and suppression system and by installing highly efficient electrostatic precipitators/ other pollution control facilities at suitable locations.

4.3.3

Topography and Climate The area of the plant site is generally flat, which will be further leveled in the entire project site and maintained even in the post-project scenario. There will not be any


157



topographical changes during operation of the project in the study area. Heat loss through stack will be 6 to 7% of the total heat input. The quantum of heat so lost to the atmosphere is minimized through selection of super critical technology, which will have better efficiency thereby reduce this heat loss to some extent. The impact on climate is likely insignificant. 4.3.4

Impact on Air Quality The impact on air quality is assessed based on combined emissions of the proposed power plant along with the present baseline data. Particulate Matter (PM), Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) are important pollutants emitted by thermal power plants.

4.3.4.1

Details of Mathematical Modeling Prediction of impacts on air environment due to the point source i.e. boiler has been carried out employing mathematical model based on a steady state Gaussian plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources. In the present case, AERMOD (American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model) version 6.4 dispersion model based on steady state gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources and developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] has been used for simulations from Industrial sources. The model options used for short-term computations are: The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, Stack tip downwash is not considered; Buoyancy induced dispersion is used to describe the increasing plume dispersion during the ascension phase; Calms processing routine is used by default Wind profile exponents are used by default ‘Irwin’; Flat terrain is used for computations; It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformations and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition; Pollutant washout by rain is not considered; and Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations.

4.3.4.2

Emission Details The emission sources identified is the stack of Thermal Power Plant. For the modeling purpose pollutants like, Sulphur dioxide, Oxides of Nitrogen and Particulate Matter 10 are considered. The details of stack emissions envisaged from the project as well as


158



the emission rates have been given in the table below: TABLE NO. - 4.1 STACK EMISSION DETAILS Parameters

UOM

For Each Unit (Domestic Coal)

For Each Unit (Imported Coal)

Stack height

m

275

275

Total number of flues in stack

No.

2 (one for each unit)

2 (one for each unit)

Internal Diameter (TOP) of each flue

m

6.5

6.5

Flue gas exit velocity

m/s

25

24

Flue gas temperature

0K

413

413

Volumetric flow rate

Nm3/s/flue

594.9

323.21

TPH

928

503

Coal Consumption Rate for two unit

Emission Rates

Particulate Matter10 (based on 50 mg/Nm3)

g/s

21.86

14

Sulphur dioxide (based on 0.5% Sulphur)

g/s

1145.5

630

Oxides of Nitrogen (based on design limit of 750 mg/Nm3)

g/s

650

358

Source: DPR

Model has been run considering the worst quality coal. If the coal quality would be better, the impact will be lesser. Meteorological Data Data recorded at the site on wind speed, direction, solar radiation and temperature at one hour interval for the summer was used as meteorological input. The hourly meteorological data recorded at site is converted to the mean meteorological hourly data as specified by CPCB and the same has been used in the model. Model simulations have been carried using the hourly Joint Frequency data viz, stability, wind speed, mixing height and temperature. Mixing Height Hourly values of mixing heights estimated in CPCB Publication ““Altas of Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India” have been considered for modeling to establish the worst case scenario.


159



4.3.4.3

Presentation & comments on the predicted Results In the present case, model simulations have been carried out for the winter season. Modeling studies reveal that the maximum incremental short term ground level concentrations for Particulate Matter10 (PM10) likely to be encountered during study period are 0.62343 and 0.33 µg/m3 at a distance of 2.1 and 2.45 km in SW direction for domestic and imported coal respectively. The maximum incremental short term ground level concentrations predicted for SO2 are 38.21 and 15.04 and for NO2 are 18.53 and 8.55 µg/m3 in SW direction for domestic and imported coal respectively. The overall pollution load will decrease with the use of imported coal. The resultant concentrations on super imposing the predicted values on the worst baseline data recorded is found to be well within the ambient Air Quality standards. The incremental ground level concentrations for PM10, SO2 and NO2 are given in Table4.2. TABLE NO.-4.2 (A) PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS (For Domestic Coal) Pollutant

Incremental Concentration_(µg/m3)

Distance (Km)

Direction

PM10

0.62

2.1

SW

SO2

38.21

2.1

SW

NO2

18.53

2.1

SW

Source: Air Quality Modelling (AERMOD)

TABLE NO.-4.2 (B) PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS (For Imported Coal) Pollutant

Incremental Concentration_(µg/m3)

Distance (km)

Direction

PM10

0.33

2.45

SW

SO2

15.04

2.45

SW

NO2

8.55

2.45

SW

Source: Air Quality Modelling (AERMOD)


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Figure No. 4.2: Isopleth Showing Maximum Predicted GLC of PM10 (For Domestic Coal)


162



Figure No. 4.3: Isopleth Showing Maximum Predicted GLC of PM10 (For Imported Coal)


163



Figure No. 4.4: Isopleth Showing Maximum Predicted GLC of SO2 (Domestic Coal)


164



Figure No. 4.5: Isopleth Showing Maximum Predicted GLC of SO2 (Imported Coal)


165



Figure No. 4.6: Isopleth Showing Maximum Predicted GLC of NO2 (Domestic Coal)


166



Figure No. 4.7: Isopleth Showing Maximum Predicted GLC of NO2 (Imported Coal)


167



4.3.4.4

Resultant Concentrations after Implementation of the Project The maximum incremental Ground Level Concentrations (GLCs) due to the proposed project for PM, SO2 and NO2 are superimposed on the maximum baseline PM10, SO2 and NO2 concentrations recorded during the study period in the downwind direction to arrive at the likely resultant concentrations during the same period after implementation of the proposed project The cumulative concentrations (baseline+ incremental) after implementation of the project are tabulated below in Table-4.3. TABLE NO.-4.3 RESULTANT CONCENTRATIONS DUE TO INCREMENTAL GLCs BASED ON WORST COAL (Domestic Coal and Imported Coal)

S. No.

24 Hrs. Concentrations

PM10 (µg/m3)

1.

Maximum Baseline Concentrations in the study area (24 Hrs.)

2.

Predicted Max. GLC (24 Hrs.)

0.62

3.

Total Concentration

74.27

4.

NAAQS – Industrial Residential area Limits

5.

NAAQS – Ecologically Sensitive Area Limits

Domes tic Coal

&

Impo rted Coal

73.65

0.33

73.98 100 100

SO2 (µg/m3) Dome stic Coal

Impo rted Coal

9.23

38.21

NO2 (µg/m3) Dome stic Coal

21.39

15.04

18.54

24.27 80

39.93

47.44

80

Impo rted Coal

8.55

29.94 80 80

The incremental concentrations indicate that the PM10, SO2, NO2 concentrations are likely to be well within the AAQ standards. 4.3.4.5

Impacts of Air Emissions on Sensitive Areas and Habitations The incremental concentrations when superimposed over the existing maximum baseline concentration in the study area, the resultant concentrations are found to be within the permissible levels. The total concentration is also below than the standards specified for the Ecologically Sensitive Area, hence no significant impact is envisaged in the study area for these receptors too.

4.3.5

Impact of Traffic on Air Quality Captive Rail Siding will be built for transportation of heavy equipment/ bulk material during construction and for transportation of coal during operation of the plant. The nearest railway station is at Barud in NE. No significant adverse impact is envisaged on the road network because of coal transport is by rail. The Fuel oil


168



handling facilities will be provided on the Northern side of the plant to keep the oil pipe network to the minimum. Also, the fuel oil handing facilities are will be located close to the railway network, so that the oil tankers can also be unloaded with ease. 4.3.6

Impact on Water Resources and Water Quality No ground water source will be used for meeting the water requirements during operation of power plant. The entire water requirement of the project will be met from Indira Sagar Reservoir. Hence, no adverse impact on ground water sources is envisaged.

4.3.6.1

Impact on Surface and Ground Water Quality The water balance and wastewater generation details have been discussed in Chapter-2. The cooling tower blow down is utilized for ash sluicing. The waste water will be explored for recycling to attain Zero discharge. The wastewater recovery, as envisaged will considerably reduce the impact on the surface water quality. The recovered wastewaters collected in a central monitoring basin will be reused with in plant premises and greenbelt/ irrigation. Hence, no impact is envisaged on surface river water quality. The storm water in the project area will be collected through storm water drains and collected in the storm water tank. The stored storm water will be utilized in the plant operation or for service water resulting in conservation of fresh water. The ash pond will be suitably lined with an impervious lining to avoid any leaching , there by finding its way into Ground water. So no impact on GW quality is anticipated.

4.3.7

Impact of Solid Wastes Considering the expected coal quality (Domestic Coal), maximum 2.76 MTPA of ash will be generated from the proposed power plant. The details of the solid waste generation in the plant are given in Table-4.4. TABLE NO.-4.4 EXPECTED SOLID WASTE FROM POWER PLANT

Type of Solid Waste

Maximum Quantity (DOMESTIC COAL)

Mode of Disposal

Maximum Quantity (IMPORTED COAL)

Fly Ash

2.20 MTPA

0.422MTPA

Bottom

0.56 MTPA

0.106MTPA


Will be sent to cement industries/ Brick industry/ Fly ash aggregate making industry/ Road making/

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Ash

paving in dry form. Unutilized ash will be disposed into lined ash pond. For utilization of Fly ash MoU is signed with M/s. J.K Lakshmi Cement Ltd. Clarifier Sludge & used oil shall also be generated during plant operation and shall be disposed off as per guidelines. Canteen waste will be composted and used as manure for greenbelt maintenance. With the implementation of the above precautionary measures, the impacts on the environment due to solid waste disposal are insignificant. The ash management system will be designed as per the latest Fly Ash Notification 2009. The ash generated in the plant will be utilized to the maximum extent possible and balance will be stored in the ash pond.

4.3.8

Impact on Noise Levels The main noise generating sources from the power plant will be steam turbine, pumps, compressors, cooling tower and boilers. The noise levels at the source for these units will be in the range of 80-90 dB(A). The major noise generating sources from the proposed plant are Boiler-Turbine-Generator, ID Fans. The noise levels at the boundary due to various plant activities will not exceed the norms. There will not be any adverse impact due to the noise generation on the habitations falling on the boundary of the proposed project.

4.3.8.1

Impact on Occupational Health The damage risk criteria as enforced by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to reduce hearing loss, stipulates that the noise levels up to 90 dB (A) are acceptable for 8-hour working per shift per day. There are no high noise equipments in the proposed power plant, except boilers. However, impacts on the working personnel are not expected to be significant on account of the high Level of automation of the plant which means that workers will be exposed for short duration only that too intermittently. Equipments will be provided with silencers. Workers will be provided with necessary protection devices eg. Ear plugs, ear muffs etc.


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TABLE-4.5 MAIOR NOISE GENERATING SOURCES Noise Level in dB(A) Nature of Noise [1-m away]

Sr. No. Sources

4.3.8.2

1

Turbine units

85

Continuous

2

Cooling tower

75

Continuous

3

Air compressors

85

Continuous

4

Boilers

85

Continuous

Impact on Work Zone Boilers and cooling towers are the high noise generating equipments in the proposed power plant However, impacts on the working personnel are not expected to be significant on account of the high Level of automation of the plant, which means that workers will be exposed for short duration only and that too intermittently. In addition all workers at the high noise environments will be provided with ear plugs/muffs to minimize any such exposure. Hence, the impact on occupational health of workers would be insignificant.

4.3.8.3

Impact on Community As per the location of power plant the adequate distance will be kept between major noise sources and the outer periphery of the project site in the layout.

4.3.9

Prediction of Impacts on Socio-Economics The requirement of unskilled manpower will be met from nearby villages during construction and operation phase. The proposed activities would generate 275 & 1000 direct and indirect employment in the region. The project will also contribute and improve physical infrastructure including transport facilities etc. This will be a positive socio-economic development for the region. There will be a general upliftment of standard of living in the region. Through a systematic well-conceived CSR action plan will contribute for the development of education, environmental awareness, and empowerment of villagers.

4.3.10

Impact on Public Health and Safety The discharge of waste (stack emission, wastewater and solid wastes) from process operations may not have potential impact on public safety and health as none are considered toxic. The adverse impacts on ambient air and soil quality are predicted to be low.


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4.4

SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION The summary of anticipated adverse environmental impacts and mitigation measures are given in Table-4.6. TABLE-4.6 ANTICIPATED ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION

Discipline

Likely Negative Impacts

Probable Source

Remarks

Mitigative Measures

Construction Phase Water Quality

Increase in Loose soil at suspended construction solids due to site soil run-off during heavy precipitation

During monsoon season run off from construction site will be routed through a series of check dams for arresting the suspended solids.

Air Quality

Increase in dust Leveling Sprinkling of water in and NOx activity and the construction area Heavy concentration and on unpaved roads. vehicular Proper maintenance of movement vehicles will be done. Use of vehicles meeting PUC norms

The impact will be low, as the main roads will be tarred.

Noise

Increase noise

in Construction Equipment

Workers will be provided necessary protective equipments e.g. ear plug, earmuffs.

Terrestrial Ecology

Clearing Vegetation

of Soil enabling Landscaping and Stacking of top extensive plantation soil and utilizing activities will be done. it for Plantation

Equipment will be kept in good condition to keep the noise level within 90 dB(A).

Operational Phase Water Quality

Deterioration of Discharge Most of the waste water surface water from various generated is reused and All treated effluents will be quality plant units recycled. brought to the CMB equalization and will be used for horticulture and greenbelt development.

Air Quality

Increase in PM, Stack 99.99% efficient S02 and NOx emissions and ESPs will be


172

The resultant air quality will



levels

Solid waste

installed to control Particulates. Stack of 275 m will be provided for the proper dispersion of pollutants. Motorable roads in the plant area will be paved to reduce dust emission. Afforestation programs will be undertaken around the plant area. Dust suppression measures will be implemented in the Coal Handling Plant and stockyards

conform to the stipulated standards. Particulate emission from stack will be kept below 50 mg/Nm3.

Fly ash and From the ESPs Fly ash will be supplied to cement industries bottom ash and brick manufacturing units and excess will be disposed in ash pond.

Dust generation in ash pond will be controlled by maintaining water level

coal stockyards and CHP.

Ecology a. Terrestrial Impact on plant Emissions species from stack

Emission will be controlled as well as dispersed through appropriate design. Green belt being developed will be with local species and effort will be made to protect identified threatened species in collaboration with forest department

AAQ at the identified locations will be monitored and corrective steps if needed will be taken.

b. Aquatic

Impact on Treated waste The wastewater will be water from provided with adequate water bodies treatment and used for plant green belt after equalization in CMB.

No impact on aquatic ecology is anticipated as no direct discharge to aquatic bodies is envisaged.

Noise

Increase in Equipment in noise levels in main plant and the plant area auxiliaries

Employees working in high noise areas would be provided earplugs/ earmuffs as


173

Equipment will be designed to conform to occupational noise levels prescribed by regulatory agencies. Provision of green belt and plantation would



further help attenuating noise. Demography Strain on and Socio- existing economics amenities like housing, water sources and sanitation, medical and Infrastructure facilities.

4.5

Influx people proposed power plant employees as well as Contractor’s employees/ labor.

in protective device.

Local population will be given preference in awarding work No significant impact is envisaged. An extensive CSR activity will be undertaken to increase the education & awareness levels, sanitation, etc. Additional facilities will be developed by the project proponents.

Overall socioeconomic status of the area is expected to improve.

PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION The impacts during the construction phase on the environment would be basically of transient nature and are expected to reduce gradually on completion of the construction activities.

4.5.1

Site Preparation The project site terrain is generally flat and therefore dozing or leveling may only be to some extent. Vegetation on topsoil will be removed prior to commencement of bulk earth work. During dry weather conditions, dust may be generated by activities like excavation and transportation through flexible/ rigid pavements as per functional requirement roads. The dust suppression would be arrested by using water sprinklers. Appropriate vegetation shall be planted and all such areas shall be landscaped. Hazardous materials shall be stored in proper and designated areas.

4.5.2

Water Quality During construction period, the water quality is likely to be affected due to the construction work and loosening of topsoil. In order to reduce the impact on water quality, series of check dams shall he constructed for the arresting of the suspended matter. There is no likely hood of ground water contamination as there will not be any process effluents during construction.

4.5.3

Air Quality During construction period, there is likely hood of generation of dust and NOx emissions. . The transport vehicles using petrol or diesel shall be properly maintained to minimize smoke in the exhaust Water sprinkling is proposed to


174



address this issue. Since there is likelihood of fugitive dust from the construction activity, material handling and from the truck movement in the premises of the proposed plant the power plant shall go for tree plantation program along the boundaries of the proposed plant site. 4.5.4

Noise The noise impact on the surrounding population during the construction phase will be within the acceptable limits. High noise generating equipment, if used, shall not be operated during the night to eliminate any possible discomfort to the nearby residents. Community noise levels are not likely to be affected because of the vegetation and likely attenuation due to the physical barriers. The following recommendations shall be implemented: Provision for insulating caps and aids at the exit of noise source on the machinery; The use of damping materials such as thin rubber/ lead sheet for shielding the work places like compressors, generator sheets; Adoption of shock absorbing techniques to reduce impact; Provision of inlet and outlet mufflers which are easy to design; and Provision of earmuffs to the workers and enforcement of its use by the workers.

4.5.5

Ecological Aspects During construction period, there could be clearing of vegetation in order to prepare the site for construction. However, this will be mitigated by proper landscaping and extensive plantation as per green belt development Plan along with the construction of the plant. Similarly, aquatic life observed in the nearby streams is common in nature and these do not harbor any endangered species. A scientific green belt program will improve the ecology of the region.

4.5.6 Migrant Laborers Safe and secure camping area shall be provided for the migrant laborers during the construction period. Contractors shall be directed to provide adequate arrangements for water supply, sanitation and cooking fuels. The construction site shall be provided with sufficient and suitable toilet facilities for workers to allow proper standards of hygiene. These facilities would be


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connected to a septic tank and maintained to ensure minimum environmental impact. 4.6 PROPOSED MITIGATION DURING OPERATIONAL STAGE The design basis for all process units will lay special emphasis on measures to minimize effluent generation and emission control at source. The specific control measures related to gaseous emissions, liquid effluent discharges, noise generation, solid waste disposal etc. are described below: 4.6.1

Air Quality

4. 6.1.1

Reduction of Emission at Source Major pollutants envisaged from the proposed power plant are Particulate Matter, Sulphur di oxide; Oxides of Nitrogen and Fugitive dust The baseline ambient air quality levels in the project area are within the permissible limits as specified by regulating agency. The following methods of abatement will be employed for the air pollution control. Particulate matter shall be controlled below 50 mg/Nm3 by providing efficient Electrostatic Precipitators (ESPs); Further, a stack of 275 m height shall be provided for adequate dispersion of sulphur dioxide. Emission of NOx will be controlled by designing low NOx burners. ESP/ Fabric filters (FFs) along with flue gas desulfurization (FGDs) will be used for mercury removal from fly ash. Adequate dry fog dust suppression system and water sprinkling system shall be installed in the material handling system transfer points; Green belt shall be developed scientifically. Plantation along the internal roads in the plant premises will also be done. All the internal roads shall be paved as per functional requirement to reduce the fugitive dust due to vehicular movement; and Water spraying will be practiced frequently at coal stockyard. Ash pond will be maintained wet always by maintaining a water layer on top. Speed control and regular vehicle maintenance will be made mandatory with the plant Dry ash silos will be provides with bag filters


176



4.6.1.2

Stack Monitoring The emissions from the stack will be continuously monitored for exit concentration of Sulphur dioxide, Oxides of Nitrogen and Particulate Matter. Sampling ports shall be provided in the stacks according to CPCB guidelines. A stack of 275 m height shall be provided for adequate dispersion of pollutants.

4.6.1.3

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring The concentration of PM, SO2 and NOx in the within the plant, near plant periphery, township and in the adjoining villages shall be monitored. Sampling locations shall be selected based on up wind and down wind direction and in consultation with the State Pollution Control Board. The data shall be statistically analyzed and compared against the pre-project baseline data.

4.6.2

Water and Wastewater Management The water requirement for the proposed plant will be drawn from Indira Sagar Reservoir. The waste water generation from domestic, sanitary and service will be suitably treated and utilized for greenbelt development, ash handling dust suppression, service etc.

4 .6.2.1

Water Conservation Measures The treated wastewater will be used for dust suppression in CHP, service water Ash handling plant dust suppression in ash dumps and for greenbelt development. Continuous efforts shall be made to reduce the fresh water consumption and through improving recycling practices at source. Flow meter shall be installed at all major water consumption points and the flow rates shall be continuously monitored. Periodic water audits shall be conducted to explore the possibilities for minimization of water consumption.

4.6.3

Noise Impact & Mitigation The resultant noise levels due to the proposed power plant will be less than 50 dB (A) near the plant boundaries in all the directions. The specifications for procuring major noise generating machines/ equipment shall include built in design requirements to have minimum noise levels meeting Occupational Safety and Health Association (OSHA) requirement. Appropriate noise barriers/shields, silencers etc. shall be provided in the equipment wherever feasible. Noise emanating from noisy equipment shall be adequately attenuated by enclosure, insulation etc.


177



Recommendations The use of damping materials such as thin rubber/lead sheet for wrapping the work places like turbine halls, compressor rooms etc.; Shock absorbing techniques shall be adopted to reduce impact; Efficient flow techniques for noise associated with high fluid velocities and turbulence shall be used (like reduction in noise generated by control levels in both gas and liquid systems achieved by reducing system pressure to as low as possible); All the openings like covers, partitions shall be acoustically sealed; Inlet and outlet mufflers shall be provided which are easy to design and construct. The silencers and mufflers of the individual machines shall be regularly checked. Ear plugs shall be provided to workmen working near high noise generating sources; Noise levels shall be reduced by the use of absorbing material on roof walls and floors; Provision of separate cabins for workers/ operators; and the plant compound shall be thickly vegetated with species of rich canopy. Proper precaution will be taken to keep noise level within prescribed limits. The enclosure of STG and other major equipments in plant area will be designed for noise attenuation to reduce noise level to 85 dB (A) at 1 m distance. Machines shall be housed in building & provided with acoustic enclosures as required maintaining noise levels within limits. The operator’s cabins (control rooms) shall be properly insulated with special doors and observation windows. 4.6.4

Solid Waste The main solid waste from the proposed power plant will be ash (fly ash and bottom ash). Considering worst coal quality with 40% ash content, a maximum of about 2.76 MTPA of ash will be generated from the proposed power plant in case of Domestic Coal and 12 % ash content 0.528 MTPA in Case of Imported Coal. Out of this, the bottom ash will be about 20% of the total ash generated i.e. 0.56 MTPA and 0.105 MTPA & the fly ash will be remaining 80% of the total ash generated i.e. about 2.20 MTPA and 0.422 MTPA respectively. The details of Ash handling system for both Fly Ash and bottom ash is described as follows:


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4.6.4.1

Perspective Ash Utilization Plan The ash generated from the proposed power plant shall be managed in the following ways: Most of Fly ash generated is proposed to be extracted and disposed in dry form by setup of silos. Bottom ash would be disposed in slurry mode. Fly ash would be used in making value added products as in Cement industries/ Brick industry/ Fly ash aggregate making industry/ Road making/ paving in dry form.. The rest of the ash will be utilized for brick making and low lying area filling. Unused fly ash, if any shall be disposed in slurry mode to the ash pond with provision of recovery of ash water. Ash pond of adequate area which can hold ash for designated period has been planned A blanket of water shall be maintained over the ash pond to control fugitive dust emission. Action Plan for 100 % Fly Ash utilization has been proposed as per the MoEF notification in the table below:

TABLE 4.7 FOUR YEARS ASH UTILIZATION PLAN Year

% Utilization

Fly Ash generation (MTPA) (Domestic Coal)

Fly Ash generation (MTPA) (Imported Coal)

Target for Ash utilization (MTPA)

1st

2.20

0.422

1.10

1.10

0.211

50

2nd

2.20

0.422

1.54

1.54

0.295

70

3rd

2.20

0.422

1.98

1.98

0.379

90

4th

2.20

0.422

2.20

2.20

0.422

100

For Ash For Ash Based Based Cement Cement Product Product (Domest (Imported ic Coal) Coal)

Area-wise utilization (MTPA) of Fly Ash: MoU for utilization of Fly ash is signed with M/s. JK Lakshmi Cement Limited. The same is enclosed as Annexure 10 with the Final EIA/EMP Report.


179



M/s. DEL is continuously perusing the nearby Agencies, Industries, individual for exploring in various other segments of ash utilization, Land development, Road embankment construction, Building Products such as Bricks/ blocks/tiles, Landfilling.


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CHAPTER–V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE) 5.1

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES As per EIA Notification 2006, this Chapter on the ‘Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)’ is applicable only if is recommended at the Scoping stage. However, as per the ToR points issued by MoEF, Delhi vide letter no. J13012/17/2011-IA-II (T), dated 26th July, 2011 for proposed project activity the Analysis of Alternatives is not desired.

5.2

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (SITE) Two alternative sites were considered by M/S Dwarkesh Energy Limited. Table 5.1 gives the comparative details of the alternative sites.


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5.3

CONCLUSION Above detailed survey for site selection of project activity done for Torniya, Bharari and Pokharni sites were presented in front of MoEF EAC (T) members. Considering the details the MoEF then recommended the Project site at Village Torniya in Khandwa district is most suitable for setting up of 1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant.


185



CHAPTER–VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6.1

INTRODUCTION Post Project Monitoring is an essential part to check the impact of any project activity. Hence monitoring of various environmental parameters will be carried out on a regular basis to ascertain the following: State of Pollution within the project site and in its vicinity. Generate data for predictive or corrective purpose in respect of pollution. Examine the efficiency of pollution control system adopted at the site. To assess environmental impacts. DEL will undertake Environment monitoring in its plant premises & nearby villages as per the norms of SPCB and CPCB. The environment monitoring programme will be further extended for this project activity also. The various environmental components and pollution sources, which will be monitored under Environmental monitoring programme, will be stack emission, ambient air quality, liquid effluent and noise levels. Details of the Environmental Monitoring programme, which will be undertaken for various environmental components, are detailed below.

6.2

FORMATION OF EMC (ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL)

In order to maintain the environmental quality within the standards, regular monitoring of various environmental components is necessary. The EMC team takes care of pollution monitoring aspects and implementation of control measures.

Thus, a group of qualified and efficient engineers with technicians will be deputed for maintenance, up keeping and monitoring the pollution control equipment, to keep them in working at the best of their efficiencies.

6.2.1

Responsibilities of EMC

The responsibilities of the EMC include the following: i.

Environmental monitoring of the surrounding area.

ii.

Commissioning of pollution control equipment.

iii.

Specification and regulation of maintenance schedules for pollution control equipment.


186



iv.

Ensuring that standards of housekeeping in the plant are maintained.

v.

Developing the green belt.

vi.

Ensuring proper use of water.

vii. Carrying out the Environmental Management Plan. viii. Organizing meetings of the Environmental Management Committee and reporting to the committee. 6.3

MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGIES

6.3.1

Instruments to be used The following instruments will be used for data collection work in the monitoring schedule: 1.

Respirable Dust Collector with attachment for gaseous Pollutants, Envirotech APM 460.

2.

Fine Particulate Matter (FPM) Sampler, APM 550

3.

Stack monitoring kit

4.

Dry and Wet Bulb Thermometer.

5.

Sound Level Meter Model SL – 4010

6.

Micro Meteorological Station Model Enviro Wm 251

7.

GPS

In addition to the above instruments, the data on land use, vegetation and agricultural crops to be collected by the field team by meeting with a large number of local inhabitants in the study area and different government departments / agencies. 6.3.2

Monitoring Programme The post project Monitoring will include details of any major/ minor impact in the core zone and area within buffer zone for the following parameters: - Micro - meteorological data Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Noise Level Monitoring Soil Monitoring Stack emission Monitoring Water quality Monitoring


187



6.3.2.1

Monitoring Schedule The various environmental components and pollution sources which would be monitored under Environmental monitoring programme includes stack emission, ambient air quality, liquid effluent and noise levels. Details of the Post project Environmental Monitoring programme which would be undertaken for various environmental components, listed in Table 6.1: Table No. : 6.1 POST PROJECT MONITORING S. No.

DESCRIPTION

FREQUENCY OF MONITORING

1.

Meteorological Data

Daily

2.

Ambient Air Quality at Plant site

Quarterly

3.

Stack monitoring

Quarterly

4.

Water Quality

5.

Noise Level Monitoring

6.

Soil Quality

Half Yearly Quarterly Half Yearly

During construction period, the monitoring shall be done as per the conditions stipulated by MPPCB in the Consent to Establish & the detailed monitoring schedule for the sampling location, monitoring frequency, duration of sampling for all the important parameter shall be made accordingly. 6.3.3

Methodology Adopted Post project monitoring will be carried out as per conditions stipulated in Environmental Clearance Letter issued by MoEF, Consent issued by SPCB as well as according to CPCB guidelines. The Project site is considered as core zone and the area lying within 10 km radius from the project site is considered to be the buffer zone where some impacts may be observed on physical and biological environment. The monitoring schedule during operation phase shall be as per the conditions stipulated in the Environmental Clearance & Consent to Operate. However, following is the tentative schedule for monitoring proposed: Table No.: 6.2 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

Attributes A. Air

Sampling Network


Measurement

Frequency

188

Test Procedure

Method



Environment Meteorological Wind speed Minimum Wind

1 site

direction

in the project

Dry bulb

impact area

temperatur

-

Regularly in

Mechanical/automatic

one season by

weather station

Weather

Monitoring Station

e

Wet bulb temperatur e Relative humidity Rainfall Pollutants PM10

PM2.5 SO2

Gravimetric method

4 to 6 locations Revised in the project

National

impact area

Ambient

(Minimum 2

Quality

locations in

Standards

upwind side,

(NAAQS) vide

more sites in

MoEF circular,

downwind side dated / impact zone) 16.11.2009

Air

-

Gravimetric method

-

EPA Modified West &

Absorption

in

Geake method

Potassium Tetra Chloromercurate followed

by

Colorimetric estimation using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde (IS: 5182 Part -


189



II). NO2

Arsenite modified

Absorption

in

Jacob & Hochheiser

dill NaOH and then estimated colorimetrically with sulphanilamide and

N

(I-

Nepthyle) Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and

Hydrogen

Peroxide (CPCB Method).

CO

Non Dispersive Infra -

Red (NDIR) Spectroscopy B. Water Environment pH,

Turbidity, Set of grab Diurnal and

Colour, Odour, samples Taste, TDS,

Total

Hardness, Calcium hardness, Magnesium

Season wise

As per IS 10500-

Samples water

for quality

during pre and

should

post-monsoon

collected

for ground and

analyzed as per :

surface water

IS : 2488 (Part 1-

for

5) methods for

10

km

distance

sampling

hardness,

testing

Chloride,

Industrial

Fluoride,

effluents

Sulphate,

Standard

Nitrates,

methods


190

be and

and of

for



Alkalinity,

examination of

Iron,

water

Copper,

and

Manganese,

wastewater

Mercury,

analysis

Cadmium,

published

Selenium,

American Public

Arsenic,

Health

Cyanide, Lead,

Association.

by

Zinc, Chromium, Aluminum, Boron, Phenolic compounds C. Noise Noise levels at project

Quarterly /

Day & night Boundary, High Half yearly

As per CPCB norms

As

norms

time -Leq dB noise (A)

per

CPCB

generating areas within the core zone

D. Soil pH, Density,

Bulk 4 to 6 locations Yearly/half Soil in the project

texture,

impact area

Nitrogen,

yearly

As per USDA Method

As per USDA Method

Available Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Electrical Conductivity,


191



Organic Matter, Chloride Network

E.

Frequency

Socioeconomic

Measurement

Test Procedure

Method

Status Demographic

Socio-

Minimum for

Primary data

Secondary data

structure

economic

two phases of

collection through

from

questionnaire

records,

Infrastructure

survey is based the project

census

on

statistical hard

proportionate,

books,

topo

stratified and

sheets,

health

random

records

Health status:

sampling

relevant official

Morbidity

method

records available

resource base Economic resource base

pattern

with

Cultural and

agencies

and

Govt.

aesthetic attributes Education 6.4


The location of the monitoring stations will be selected on the basis of prevailing micro– meteorological conditions of the area like; Wind direction & wind speed, Relative Humidity, Temperature. 4 to 6 AAQM stations will be selected (including minimum 2 locations in upwind side, more sites in downwind side / impact zone) to assess the ambient air quality of the area. Noise level monitoring will be carried out on lease boundary & in high noise generating area within the lease. Water & soil monitoring locations will decided on the basis of general slope of the area & drainage pattern between the plant and drainage in the direction of flow of surface / ground water. Locations for the post project monitoring shall be as under: Table No.: 6.3 LOCATIONS OF MONITORING STATIONS


192



S. No.

Description

Location

1.

Ambient Air Quality

Project site, Villages in downwind direction from the Project site

2.

Stack emissions

Project site & village in down wind direction with max. GLC

3.

Meteorological data

Project site

4.

Noise Level Monitoring

Project Boundary, High noise generating areas within the Project boundary

5.

Water Level & Quality

Nearby Surface & Ground water sources

6.

Health Check-up

Workers

7.

Monitoring of In the nearby area (on yearly basis) Agricultural crops

8.

Socio – economic In the nearby area (on yearly basis) status

6.5 DATA ANALYSIS Monitoring data analysis will be done as per CPCB guidelines by EPA approved laboratory & shall be submitted to concern authority (specified in Environment Clearance Letter issued by MoEF, & Consent issued by SPCB) on regular basis. 6.6 DETAILED BUDGET OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN M/S Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL) has proposed first Coal based Power Plant 1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) with Super Critical Technology at Villages Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil Harsud, District Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh. Cost details for the same are given as under: Total Cost of the project is Rs 7354 Crores in which Capital Cost for Environmental Protection will be Approx Rs 450 Crore and Recurring cost is Rs. 18Crore/year Table: 6.4 EMP COST BREAK UP S. No.

Equipment/Activity

Amount (in Cr)

1.

Chimney as per CPCB guidelines

50

2.

ESP, Dry fly ash collection facility and dust collectors in CHP

160

3.

Effluent Treatment Plant

6

4.

Green Belt

5

5.

Sewage Treatment Plant

1

6

Dust suppression system

5


193



7

Control of Fire and Explosion hazards

8

Noise Abetment & Env. Lab equipment and on line monitoring system

9

Ash dyke/ pond

40

10

WTP effluent management facility

7

11

Rain water Harvesting pond

1

12

Chlorine leakage detection system

0.25

13

Cooling tower

150

Total

24 0.75

450 Crore

Source: DPR


194


1320 MW (2 X 660 MW) Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant At Villages–Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil –Harsud, Distt. – Khandwa (Madhya Pradesh) Draft EIA / EMP Report

CHAPTER–VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.0

INTRODUCTION As per the EIA notification dated 14.09.2006, the First technical presentation i.e. the TOR presentation (Reconsideration) was held on 6th June, 2011. The Expert Appraisal Committee (T) prescribed Terms of References (ToRs) vide letter no. J13012/17/2011 – IA. II (T) & Letter dated July 26, 2011 for the preparation of the Draft EIA/EMP Report. The following Additional Studies have to be done in reference to the prescribed Terms of References;

7.1

A)

Public Consultation

B)

Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

C)

Hydro geological Study & Rain Water Harvesting Plan

D)

Socio-Economic Studies

E)

Solar Power Harvesting

PUBLIC HEARING CONSULTATION As per the new EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006, Public hearing for this project has been conducted in accordance with the procedure to obtain the Environmental Clearance. Public Hearing for this project was conducted on 31st August, 2012 at ekai sthal village Torniya, Tehsil New Harsud, District Khandwa (MP). The details are as under:

7.1.1

Public Hearing Advertisement Copies


195



(FREE PRESS, DATED 23.07.2012)


196



(NAYI DUNIYA, DATED 23.07.2012)


197



LETTER ISSUED BY DC TO REGIONAL OFFICER FOR PH VENUE AND DATE


198




199



LETTER OF MEMBER SECRETARY TO REGIONAL OFFICER FOR CONDUCTING PUBLIC HEARING


200



7.1.2 Photographs Showing Public Hearing

Venue Of Public Hearing

Welcome of Chairman

Chairpersons Of Public Hearing

Public Hearing Presentation

Questions From Local Public



201



Presence Of Local Public


Reply From Project Proponent


202



7.1.3 Public Hearing Minutes of Meeting- dated 09.02.2012 (In Hindi)


203




204




205




206




207




208



7.1.4 Attendance Sheet of the Public Hearing


209



Detailed attendance sheet is incorporated in Public Hearing Document which is submitted separately with Final EIA/EMP Report.


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7.1.5

Minutes of Meeting of Public Hearing- In English Public Hearing for establishment of Proposed 2×660 MW Super Critical Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Village Torniya, Chhipura and Rampuri, Tehsil Harsud, district Khandwa, M.P. by M/s. Dwarkesh Energy Limited, New Delhi. Venue of Public Hearing- Village Panchayat Bhawan, Village Torniya Tehsil- Harsud, District- Khandwa Date- 31.08.2012, time- 12.00 AM As per EIA Notification, Sr. No.1533, Dated on 14.08.2006, Public Hearing is mandatory for establishment of Proposed 2×660 MW Super Critical Coal Based Thermal Power Plant at Village Torniya, Chhipura and Rampuri, Tehsil Harsud, district Khandwa, M.P. by M/s. Dwarkesh Energy Limited, New Delhi. Supportive documents for Public Hearing were submitted to M.P. Pollution Control Board by Project proponent. Based on the documents available, public hearing conduction was scheduled by Pollution Control Board. As scheduled, Public hearing was conducted at Village Panchayat Bhawan, Village Torniya on 31. 08.2012 at 12.00 AM. As per Notification, Advertisements for Public Hearing were issued in two news papers i.e. Nai Duniya and Free Press on 23rd July, 2012. EIA report and Executive Summary were placed in Office of the Additional Collector, Municipal Department/ Jila Parisad, District Khandwa, Office of the District Industrial & Tread Center, Khandwa and Office of the Regional MoEF, Kendriya Van Paryavaran bhawan, E-5, Arera Colony, Bhopal for observation of all concerned persons. As per Letter No. 10284, dated on 05.07.2012 issued by Collector Office, Khandwa, Public Hearing was conducted with the headship of Mr. R.R. Bhosle, Upper Collector, Khandwa. During the Public Hearing, Regional Officer, M.P. Pollution Control Board, Project Proponent, Environmental Consultant Officers and villagers from nearby area were present. Details of the Public Hearing are as follows: First of all, as Per EIA Notification, 14th Sep. 2006, brief introduction was given by Mr. AA Mishra, Regional Officer, M.P. Pollution Control Board and mentioned that the advertisement for the Public hearing was published in news papers on 23.07.2012. As per the Notification, minimum 30 days before the public hearing. Suggestions, comments, and objections were welcomed to the Regional Office, M.P. Pollution Control Board, Plot no. 1, Part-2, Scheme No. 78, Aranya, Vijay Nagar, in


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written and oral form in office timing. EIA report and Executive Summary for above project in both soft and hard copy, were placed in Office of the Additional Collector, Municipal Department/ Jila Parisad, District Khandwa, Office of the District Industrial & Tread Center, Khandwa and Office of the Regional MoEF, Kendriya Van Paryavaran bhawan, E-5, Arera Colony, Bhopal for observation of all concerned persons. After that, brief of the proposed project was explained by Environmental Consultant in Power Point Presentation. Brief information of the proposed project is as follows: 1.

A 2×660 MW Super Critical Coal Based Thermal Power Plant is proposed to established at Village Torniya, Chhipura and Rampuri, Tehsil Harsud, district Khandwa, M.P. by M/s. Dwarkesh Energy Limited, New Delhi. Geographical Coordinates of the proposed project site is between Latitude 210 59’ 46.61” N to 220 1’ 0.36“N to 760 47’ 5.66” E to 750 52’ 30” E.

2.

Total land requirement of the project is 938 Acre.

3.

No any Metropolitan City, Sensitive area, Archeological site and tourist place are falling within 10 km radius area from the proposed project.

4.

Total water requirement for proposed project is 4520 m3/ hr. which will be sourced from Indra Sagar Dam which is situated at 10 Km distance from proposed project site on Narmada River.

5.

During construction period, technical and non technical persons and labours will be requiring. Preference will be given to the local persons on the basis of their education qualification and illegibility.

6.

6.9 M.T.P.A coal will be required for the proposed project. 275 M stack and ESP will be attached with the Boiler. So that dispersion of the Particulate Matter will be controlled with in the 50 µg/m3. Flue gas monitoring facilities will be provided with all stacks.

7.

Total 2.76 M.T.P.A ash will be produced. Out of them, Bottom ash will be 20 Percent and Fly Ash will be 80 Percent. Dry and Wet Ash collection system will be established for use of Ash.

8.

Fly ash will be used for cement manufacturing and rest of ash will be used for bricks manufacturing. So that 100 Percent utilization of fly Ash will be insured.

9.

100 m wide green belt will be developed around the project site.

Proposed Water and Air Pollution Management for the Project are as follows:


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1.

275 M stack and ESP will be attached with the Boiler. So that dispersion of the Particulate Matter will be controlled with in the 50 µg/m3. Flue gas flow rate and temperature analyzer and online monitoring system will be attached with all stacks.

2.

Water sprinkling will be done and green belt will be developed to control the fugitive emission during the construction period.

3.

Regular water sprinkling will be done on the road to control the fugitive emission.

4.

Water Treatment Plant will be constructed to treat the domestic waste water.

5.

Employment will be generated to the local peoples by the proposed project.

Comments and suggestions from the present population is enclosed as (Annexure-5, page no. 17-76). Replies and proposal of queries for proposed project are given by officers and same is enclosed as (annexure-5, page no. 77-78). Conclusion of the Public Hearing With the leadership of the Upper Collector Shri R.R. Bhosle, and Shri A.A. mishra, Regional Officer, M.P. Pollution Control Board; this is conveyed that all issues, comments & suggestions raised during public hearing process, will be mainly sent by the M.P. Pollution Control Board to the committee formed by the Ministry of Environment and Forest. Environmental Clearance for the proposed project is requested on the basis of below mentioned conditions: 1. 100 percent Ash should be used with the starting of the project. Bricks manufacturing units should be established with in the project area. 2. Treated water should be used for irrigation purpose. No any type of effluent should be released into the plant area. All waste water should be recycled and should be used in plantation/ irrigation purposes. 3. Preference will be given to the local in employments and the land should be acquired as per prescribed rate by the government. 4. As per proposed plan, development of 50-100 m wide green belt around the plant area should be started after the final land acquisition. Finally, this is addressed by the Mr. A.A. Mishra, Regional Officer, M.P. Pollution Control Board that video recording and photographs of the Public hearing will be


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sent attached with Minutes of the Meeting of the Public Hearing. (Annexure 9-10, Page no. 86-91). After that Mr. R.R. Bhosle addressed and thanks to all attended persons and announced the closing of the public Hearing. 7.1.2

Action Plan for the issues raised in Public Hearing along with Budgetary Allocation


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7.2

RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe conditions) that exist in the plant. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks, the plant equipment and personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the plant. Risk assessment forms an integral part of “Disaster Management”. Any major or a number of minor failures could lead to an accident taking a heavy toll of human life and affecting the production target considerably.

Risk analysis involves the identification and assessment of risks to the neighboring populations is exposed to as a result of hazards present. This requires an assessment of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies. In the sections below, the identification of various hazards, probable risks in the Power plant after de-bottlenecking project, maximum credible accident analysis, consequence analysis are addressed which give a broad identification of risks involved in the plant. Based on the risk estimation for fuel and chemical storage, Disaster Management Plan (DMP) has been prepared. There is always possibility of occurrence of incidents in an industry which requires proper risk assessment and proper safety preparedness. Activities requiring assessment of risk due to occurrence of most probable instances of hazard and accident are both on-site and off-site. 7.2.1 On-Site Emergency Plan Accident Level If there is any disaster in any part of plant/work place due to any reason, the classification of areas which may be affected and nature of accidents can be made as follows: 1.

Level-I Operator level.

2.

Level-II Local community level.

3.

Level-III Regional/national level.

4.

Level-IV International level.

Out of the above, only level-I and level-II class of accidents can be considered applicable for this type of thermal power plant. Level-I Accidents


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Under this level, disaster may happen due to electrocution, fire, explosion, oil spillage and spontaneous ignition of combustible material. This level has probability of occurrence affecting persons inside the plant. Various hazardous areas which have been mentioned above in table 7.1 as potential hazard areas will be affected during this level of accidents. Level-II Accidents Disaster of this level can occur in case of sabotage and complete failure of all automatic control/warning systems, and also if the fuel oil stored in tank and covered by tank bunds leaks out. However, probability of occurrence of this is very low due to adequate security, training and education of persons of plant responsible for operating such systems. 7.2.1.1

Disaster Preventive Measure In order to prevent disaster due to fire, explosion, oil spillage, electrocution and other accidents following preventive measures shall be adopted. Design, manufacture and construction of all plant and machineries building will be as per national and international codes as applicable in specific cases and lay down by statutory authorities. i.

Provision of adequate access way for movement of equipment and personnel shall be kept.

ii.

Minimum two no. of gates for escape during disaster shall be provided.

iii.

Water spraying in coal storage area.

iv.

System of fire hydrants comprising electrical motor division and diesel engine drivers fire pumps with electrical motor driver jokey pump for keeping the fire hydrant system properly pressurized and automatic water sprinkling system for all important transformers.

v. 7.2.1.2

Fire hydrants with fire hoses in all areas where fire can break.

Site Emergency Control Room In order to control the disaster more effectively, a Site Emergency Control Room (SECR) shall be established at the plant site. The facilities proposed to be provided are given in following sections: Plant Layout Plant Layout with inventories and locations of fuel oil/furnace oil storage tanks, coal storage etc Hazard identification chart, maximum number of people working at a


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Time, assembly points etc. Population around factory Internal telephone connections External telephone connections Hotline connection to district collector, police control room, fire brigade, hospital etc. Public address system Torch-lights List of dispensaries and registered medical practitioners around factory Area map of surrounding village Nominal roll of employees Note pads and ball pens to record message received and instructions to be passed through runners. 7.2.1.3

Safety Department Safety department shall be manned by experienced engineers and other supporting staff who shall bring safety consciousness amongst the work force of plant. The safety department will conduct regular safety awareness courses by organizing seminars and training of personnel among the various working levels.

7.2.1.4 Fire and Safety Officer (FSO) The Fire and Safety Officer will be responsible for fire fighting. On hearing the fire alarm he shall contact the fire station immediately and advise the security staff in the plant and cancel the alarm. He will also announce on PAS (public Address System) or convey through telephones or messengers about the incident zone. He will open the gates nearest to the incident and stand by to direct the emergency services. He will also be responsible for isolation of equipment from the affected zone.


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7.2.1.5

Contingency Plan for Management of Emergency The emergency organization shall be headed by emergency leader called Site Main Controller (SMC) who will be plant manager. In his absence senior most people available at plant shall be emergency leader till arrival of plant manager. Besides the top officials described above, rest of the employees shall be divided into three action teams namely A, B, C, and a Non-action Group D. Action team 'A' will consist of staff of section in which accident has occurred. Action team ‘B’ will consist of staff of non-affected sections and maintenance department. Action team 'C' will consist of supporting staff i.e. Security supervisor, Ware house Supervisor, Shift Supervisor etc. Group ‘D’ will consist of people not included in those teams like contractor, labour, security men etc. Team 'A' comprising staff of affected section will be taking up the action in case of an emergency. Team ‘B’ will help team 'A' by remaining in their respective sections ready to comply with specific instructions of SMC. Team 'C' consisting of supporting staff will help team ‘A’ as required and directed by Team 'B’. Group ‘D’ will be evacuated to safe region under supervision of Team 'C'. A multichannel communication network shall connect SECR to control rooms of plant, various shops, and other departments of plant, fire station and neighboring industrial units. Co-ordination among key personnel and their team has been shown in Figure below:

7.2.2 OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLAN 7.2.2.1 Outside Organizations Involved In Control of Disaster In the event of massive spillage of toxic chemicals, fuel oil or occurrence of fire, population inside and outside plant boundaries, vegetation and animal etc. may be affected. In such circumstances secondary fire may also take place. In such an event help shall be taken from outside agencies also. The organizations that shall be involved are as follows: State and Local authorities: District Collector, Revenue Divisional Officer, etc. Factory Inspectorate, Chief Inspector of factories, Joint Chief Inspector of factories, Inspector of factories.


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Environmental agencies: Member Secretary of State Pollution Control Boards, District Environmental Engineer. Fire Department: District Fire Officer. Police Department: District Superintendent of Police, SHOs of nearby Police Stations. Public Health Department: District Medical Officer, Residential medical officers of PHCs in a radius of 10 km around plant site. Local Community Resources: Regional Transport Officer, Divisional Engineer Telephones. The outside organizations shall directly interact with district magistrate who in consultation with SMC shall direct to interact with plant authorities to control the emergencies. 7.2.2.2

Hazard Emergency Control Procedure The onset of emergency will in all probability, commence with a major fire or explosion the following activities will immediately take place to interpret and take control of emergency.


225



MEMBERS Staff member on duty will go to nearest fire alarm call point and trigger off the fire alarm. On site fire crew led by fire man will arrive at the site of incident with fire foam tenders and necessary equipments. Site Main Controller will arrive at SECR, from where he will receive information continuously from incident controller and give decisions and direction to the incident controller, plant control room, and emergency security controllers and to the site medical officer to take care of casualties. Site Main Controller (SMC) will be directing and deciding a wide range of following desperate issues. In particular SMC has to decide and direct. Whether incident controller requires reinforcement of manpower and facilities. Whether plant is to be shut down or more importantly kept running. Whether staff in different locations is to remain indoors or to be evacuated and assembled at Designated collection center. Whether missing staff members are to be searched or rescued. Whether off-site emergency plan to be activated and a message to that effect is to be sent to district headquarter. When the incident has eventually been brought under control as declared by the Incident Controller, the SMC shall send two members of his advisory team as inspectors to incident site for: an assessment of total damage and prevailing conditions with particular attention to Possibility of re-escalation of emergency which might, for the time being, be under control. Inspection of other parts of site which might have been affected by impact of incident. Inspection of personnel collection and roll call centers to check if all persons on duty have been accounted for. M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL)

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Inspection of all control rooms of plant to assess and record the status of respective plants and any residual action deemed necessary. Post emergency, the inspectors will return to SECR with their observations and report of finding and will submit the same to SMC. 7.2.2.3

Miscellaneous Preventive Measures

7.2.2.3.1 Alarm System to be followed During Disaster On receiving the message of disaster from Site Main Controller, fire station control room attendant will sound Siren-I, wailing type, for 5 minutes. Incident controller will arrange to broadcast disaster message through public address system. On receiving the message of “Emergency Over” from Incident Controller, the fire station control room attendant will give All “Clear Signal” by sounding alarm straight for two minutes. The features of alarm system will be explained to one and all to avoid panic or misunderstanding during disaster. 7.2.2.3.2 Actions to be taken on Hearing the Warning Signal On receiving the disaster message, following actions will be taken: All the members of advisory committee, personnel manager, security controller, etc. shall reach the SECR. The process unit persons will remain ready in their respective units for crash shutdown on the instruction from SECR. The persons from other sections will report to their respective officer. Residents of township will remain alert. 7.2.2.3.3 Safety Devices/ Equipments In order to make the services more effective, the workers and rescue team will be provided with the safety equipments and items like gas mask respirators, fire entry suits, fire blankets, rubber shoes or industrial shoes, rubber glove, ladders, ropes, petromax lamp torches etc.


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7.2.3 Approaches to the Study Risk involves occurrence or potential occurrence of some accidents due to an event or sequence of events. The risk assessment study covers the following: Identification of potential hazard areas; Identification of representative failure cases; Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire (thermal radiation) and explosion; Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the impact zones from the accidental scenarios; Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster mitigation points of view; Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities; Preparation of broad Disaster Management Plan (DMP), On-site and Off-site; Emergency Plan, which includes Occupational and Health Safety Plan. 7.2.4

Hazard Identification Identification of hazards in the proposed power plant covers analysis, quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving chemicals and process. A classical definition of hazard states that hazard is in fact the characteristics of system/plant/process that presents potential for an accident. Hence, relevant components of a system/plant/process need to be examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident. Hazard identification has been carried out considering the following: Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Tran boundary Movement) Rules 2008. Identification of major hazardous units based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 of Government of India (GOI Rules, 1989); and Identification of hazardous units and segments of plants and storage units based on relative ranking technique, viz. Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI).

7.2.5

Classification of Major Hazards


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Hazardous substances may be classified into three main classes namely Flammable substances, Unstable substances and Toxic substances Flammable Category The Flammable Substances used in power plant are Heavy Furnace Oil (HFO) and Light Diesel Oil (LDO), which are primarily used in flame stabilization. These are stored in main storage tanks. Unstable Substances Category There are no unstable substances or chemicals used or formed in the plant operation and hence risk category not applicable. Toxic Substances Category There are some substances & Chemicals, which are commonly used in various industries, which come under Toxic category. These are Ammonia, Hydrogen, Chlorine, Hydrochloric Acid, and Sodium Hydroxide. Procedure Followed for Risk Assessment For Risk Assessment arising from Flammable Category (Storages of HFO & LDO) hazard assessment and evaluation has been carried out employing fire explosion and toxicity index (FE & TI) and Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) have been carried out in details. The ratings for a large number of chemicals based on flammability, reactivity and toxicity have been listed under NFPA Codes 49 and 345 M. Potential risk areas of power plant have been summarized in the Table- 6.1.4 7.2.6

Identification of Major Hazard Installations Based on GOI Rules, 1989 Following accidents in the chemical industry in India over a few decades, a specific legislation covering major hazard activities has been enforced by Govt. of India in 1989 in conjunction with Environment Protection Act, 1986. This is referred here as GOI rules 1989. For the purpose of identifying major hazard installations the rules employ certain criteria based on toxic, flammable and explosive properties of chemicals.


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Table No. - 7.1 POTENTIAL RISK AREAS OF PROPOSED PROJECT S. No.

Blocks/Areas

Hazards Identified

1.

Coal storage Yard

Fire, Spontaneous Combustion

2.

Coal Handling Plant including Bunker area

Fire, Spontaneous Combustion

3.

Boilers

Fire (mainly near oil burners), steam; Explosions, Fuel Explosions

4.

Turbo-Generator Building

Fires in - a) Lube Oil systems including oil tank b) Cable galleries c) Short circuits in i) Control Rooms ii) Switchgears Explosion due to leakage of Hydrogen and fire following it.

5.

Power Transformers

Explosion and fire

6.

Switch-yard Control Room

Fire in cable galleries and Switchgear/Control Room.

7.

Hydrogen Plant: Hydrogen Cylinders in

8.

Tank Farms H.F.O L.D.O.

9.

Chlorination plants

10.

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) for DM plant

11.

Steam turbine

7.2.7

R.C.C. building Fire

Chlorine leakage Corrosive Hydrogen and lube oil leak leading to fire/smoke

Hazard Assessment and Evaluation for Flammable Category An assessment is conducted for the purpose of identifying and examining hazards related to feed stock materials, major process components, utility and support system, environmental factors, proposed operations, facilities, and safeguards. A preliminary hazards analysis is carried out initially to identify the major hazards associated with storages. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify these hazards. Finally, the vulnerable zones are plotted for which risk reducing measures are deduced and implemented. Preliminary hazard analysis for fuel storage area is given in bellows Tables:


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Table No. – 7.2 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR STORAGE AREAS S. No.

Chemical

Use

Nature of Chemical (Schedule1& 3)

Storage Quantity

Threshold quantity for MAH

1.

Fuel Oil

Supporting Fuel

Highly Flammable

3950 KL*

2500 Tonnes

2.

Transformer Oil

Transformer

Highly Flammable

17 KL

2500 Tonnes

3.

Chlorine

Cooling Tower

Toxic-Group 2

10tones*

10 tones

4.

Sulfuric Acid

Water Treatment

Hazardous

24 tones

Not Considered

5.

Caustic Soda

Water Treatment

Hazardous

24 tones

Not Considered

Table No. – 7.3 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA) FOR THE POWER PLANT PHA Category

Description of Plausible Hazard

Recommendation Provision

Provision

Environmental factors

If any leakage and eventuality of source of ignition.

-

All electrical fittings and cables will be provided as per the specified standards. All motor starters will be flame proof.

Inflammable nature of the Fuel may cause fire hazard in the storage facility.

A well designed fire protection including protein foam, dry powder, CO2 extinguishers should be provided.

Fire extinguishers of small size and big size will be provided at all potential fire hazard places. In addition to the above, fire hydrant network is also provided.

7.2.8

Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI) Approach Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Indexing is a rapid ranking method for identifying the degree of hazard. In preliminary hazard analysis, chemical storages are considered to have Toxic and Fire hazards. The application of FETI would help to make a quick assessment of the nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. However, this does not provide precise information. Respective Material Factor (MF), General Hazard Factors (GHF),


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Special Process Hazard Factors (SPH) are computed using standard procedure of awarding penalties based on storage handling and reaction parameters. The application of FETI would help to make a quick assessment of the nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. However, this does not provide precise information. It can be used to classify separate elements of plant within an industrial complex. Before indexing is done, the plant is divided into plant elements. Depending upon the material in use, material factor is decided upon. A number of parameters, such as exothermic reactions, handling hazards, pressure of system, flash point, operating temperature, inventory of flammable material, corrosive property, leakage points and toxicity are taken into consideration in determining a plant/ equipment /operation hazard. A standard method of awarding penalties and comparing the indices is used. However, this method does not give absolute status of the equipment or section. But it can comparatively identify hazards among others. Table: 7.4 Fire & Explosion index for Degree of Hazards S. No. Degree of Hazard Fire and Explosion Index 1

Light

0-60

2

Moderate

61-96

3

Intermediate

97-127

4

Heavy

128-158

5

Severe

>159

Note: Dow indexing is a process based on indexing of hazards. 7.2.9

Hazard Intensity Classification The hazard intensities of the chemicals that are to be handled in the Plant (as per NFPA codes) are presented below.


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Table No. 7.5 Hazard Intensities of the chemical Health Hazard

Fire Hazard

Reactivity Hazard

4 Materials Which on very short exposure could cause death or major injury even with prompt medical attention.

4 Materials which will rapidly vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal temperature, or which are readily dispersed in air and which will burn readily.

4 Materials which are readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.

3 Materials Which on short 3 Liquids and solids that can exposure could cause death or be ignited under almost all major injury even though with temperature conditions. prompt medical treatment is given.

3 Materials which in themselves are capable of detonation or explosive reaction but require a strong initiating source or which must be heated under confinement before initiation or which react explosively with water.

2 Material which on intense or continued exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt medical treatment is given.

2 Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur.

2 Materials which are normally unstable and readily undergo violent chemical change but do not detonate. Also materials which may react with water with some release of energy but no violently.

1 Materials which on 1 Materials that must be exposure would cause preheated before ignition can irritation, but only minor occur. residual injury even if no treatment is given.

1 Materials which are normally stable, but which can become unstable at elevated temperature and pressures or which may react water with some release of energy but not violently.

0 Materials which on 0 Materials that will not burn. exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.

0 Materials which are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Consequence Analysis To estimate the damage caused by the release of fuels and flammable liquids the following parameters were calculated: Release Rate of the fuels and flammable liquids in case of pipeline, tank, pump and tanker failure. Based on the methodology discussed above a set of catastrophic scenarios was generated to carry out Risk Analysis calculations, as listed below: M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL)

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Catastrophic release from Light Diesel Oil (LDO) tank – Pool Fire Catastrophic release from Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) tank – Pool Fire Possible hazards associated with a flash fire include thermal radiation, smoke, and explosion. Table: 7.6 Heat Radiation Hazards Due To Storage HEAT RADIATION

DISTANCE

INTENSITY

7.2.10

HFO

LDO

37.5 Kw/m2

9.0

10

30.0 Kw/m2

10

12

12.5 Kw/m2

14

17

4.0 Kw/m2

16

19

1.6 Kw/m2

24

28

Hazards Scenarios

7.2.10.1 Nature of Hazard from Oil Storage: Diesel is a petroleum product. It is a highly flammable liquid having flash point between 32 –96oC. However its auto ignition temperature is 256oC. Its boiling point ranges between 150-400o C. Furnace Oil is of similar characteristics having flash point above 66o C. Major Hazards from oil storage can be fire. Maximum credible accidents from oil storage tank can be Tank Fire Pool / Dyke fire. 7.2.10.1.1 Tank Fire Oil is stored in floating roof tank. Leak in rim seal leading to accumulation of vapour is a source of fire. Lighting can be a source of ignition and can cause tank fire. Overflow from tank leading to spillage may cause vapour cloud formation. This can catch fire and it can flash back to the tank to cause tank fire. 7.2.10.1.2 Pool / Dyke Fire If there is outflow from the tank due to any leakage from tank or any failure of connecting pipes or valves, oil will flow outside and form a pool. Where the tank is


235



surrounded by a dyke, the pool of oil will be restricted within that dyke. After sometime, the vapour from the pool can catch fire and can cause pool or dyke fire. 7.2.10.2

Effects of Pool Fire Pool fire may result when bulk storage tanks of fuel will leak/burst, and the material released is ignited. If the tanks are provided with dike walls to contain the leak and avoid spreading of flammable material, the pool fire will be confined to the dike area only. However, the effects of radiation may be felt to larger area depending upon the size of the pool and quantity of material involved. Thermal radiation due to pool fire may cause various degrees of burns on human bodies. Moreover, their effects on objects like piping, equipment are severe depending upon the radiant heat intensity. Consequences in respect of containment failure related to fuel tank, is a modeled assuming relevant atmospheric condition, using certain mathematical models presented in Scenarios.

7.2.11

Nature of Hazard from Chlorine Storage Chlorine is a gas at ambient temperature and pressure. Its boiling point at 1 atmosphere pressure is - 34.1oC. It is a greenish yellow gas with irritating pungent smell. It is heavier than air and its molecular weight is 70.9. Chlorine poses a major health hazard if human beings are exposed to higher concentration. Chlorine is noncombustible in air but most combustible materials will burn in chlorine as they do in oxygen. Flammable gases and vapors will form explosive mixtures with chlorine. Hazards from chlorine come from loss of containment which may be leakages, pipe rupture or vessel rupture. As liquefied chlorine is released under pressure it forms a liquid pool and then evaporates. A substantial release will then form a vapor cloud. A considerable amount of mixing with air occurs during evaporation. As the cloud travels under the influence of wind, it disperses and its concentration becomes further diluted and at some distance concentration becomes non-hazardous. Four specific scenarios can be considered Failure of Liquid outlet valve. Failure of Gas outlet valve. Body leakage of a corroded cylinder. Any leakage in the gas pipeline.

7.2.12

Toxic Damage Criteria Chlorine poses a major health hazard if human beings are exposed to higher concentration. Its odour threshold value is about 1 ppm and lowest reported lethal concentration at 30 minutes is 60 ppm. Threshold limit value (TLV) for workplace (8


236



hours, 5 days in a week exposure) for chlorine is 0.5 ppm and Short term exposure limit (STEL- exposure up to 15 minutes) is 3 ppm. According to Factories (Amended) Act, 1987, for workplace Time weighted concentration for 8 hours is 0.5 ppm and Short term exposure limit (15 minutes) is 3 ppm. Impact of chlorine is dependent on concentration and time. 30 minutes exposure of about 250 ppm of chlorine may cause 50% fatality among healthy people. Immediate Danger to Life and Health (IDLH) for chlorine is 25 ppm. The hazards from loss of containment of chlorine will cause different levels of damage. This is dependent on concentration of the gas at a particular location and duration of exposure of the victim. The harm is expressed as probability of fatal cases or injury. The following Table shows the fatality criteria for certain exposure to chlorine. Table.7.7 Chlorine Mortality in 30 minutes (ppm)

10% 50% 90%

Healthy people outdoor

Up and about

125 250 500

Vigorous Walking

62 125 250

Vulnerable people indoor Up and about Vigorous Walking

50 100 200 25

50 100

In the present study IDLH value of 25 ppm is considered for consequence analysis. The people should be evacuated from the zone of impact within 7 minutes to avoid any injury. Failure Scenarios for Chlorine and Consequences Liquid chlorine at ambient temperature and higher pressure (about 6.5 kg/cm2) isstored in tonner cylinders. Each cylinder contains 930 kg of chlorine in liquid form. Two major scenarios of Liquid chlorine discharge and gaseous chlorine discharge are considered. For worst meteorological case, low wind speed condition (1.5 m/sec) during daytime and night time and for winter and summer seasons have been considered. For winter day temperature of 25oC and night temperature of 12oC has been considered. For summer day temperature of 35oC and night temperature of 25oC has been considered. Table-7.8 Impact distances for chlorine discharge for different scenarios


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Risk Distances for Chlorine Discharge Failure Type Liquid

Discharge

Gaseous

Discharge

7.2.13

Meteorological Condition Risk Distance (m)

Chlorine Winter-Day

Winter-Night

1620

Summer-Day

1990

Summer-Night

1580

Chlorine Winter-Day

1580

550

Winter-Night

520

Summer-Day

720

Summer-Night

550

Aloha (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmosphere) Software ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) is a modeling program that estimates threat zones associated with hazardous chemical releases, including toxic gas clouds, fires, and explosions. A threat zone is an area where a hazard (such as toxicity) has exceeded a user-specified Level of Concern (LOC).

7.2.13.1 Key Program Features Generates a variety of scenario-specific output, including threat zone plots, threat at specific locations, and source strength graphs. Calculates how quickly chemicals are escaping from tanks, puddles (on both land and water), and gas pipelines—and predicts how those release rates change over time. Models many release scenarios: toxic gas clouds, BLEVEs (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions), jet fires, vapor cloud explosions, and pool fires. Evaluates different types of hazard (depending on the release scenario): toxicity, flammability, thermal radiation, and overpressure. In ALOHA information about the source of a chemical release (such as a tank that is leaking) and other information about the release. Based on the information entered, ALOHA will be able to model one or more release scenarios (such as a toxic vapor cloud or a pool fire). ALOHA uses different models depending on the type of scenario that you choose and the selected chemical. The primary output for each release scenario is a threat zone estimate; the colored zones represent areas where ALOHA has estimated that specific


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Levels of Concern (LOCs) will be exceeded at some time after the release begins. In ALOHA, an LOC is the threshold value of a hazard—usually the value above which a threat to people may exist. The type of hazard represented by the LOC will vary based on the release scenario that is modeled. For example, if you are modeling a pool fire scenario, the LOCs represent levels of thermal radiation (heat) hazard. 7.2.13.2

Sources and Scenarios - ALOHA can model four types of sources: Direct: chemical release directly into the atmosphere (using user-determined rate/amount and bypassing ALOHA's source calculations). Puddle: chemical has formed a liquid pool. Tank: chemical is escaping from a storage tank. Gas Pipeline: chemical is escaping from a ruptured gas pipeline. For each source, ALOHA will allow you to choose the scenario(s) you wish to model. The number of available scenarios depends on the source and the chemical released. The table below lists the scenarios that ALOHA can model for each source.

7.2.13.3

Modeling of Risk due to Storage of Chlorine


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Fig-: 7.2 Toxic Threat Zone due to Chlorine Conclusion:- The Graph shows that immediate effect of the chlorine gas is max. up to 20 ppm up to 500 m range in South west direction and is becoming less beyond this limit and though this concentration is much lower to cause any significant harm to the environment even in the calm conditions.


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Figure 7.3: Threat Zone Chlorine (Superimposed on Plant Layout) 7.2.14

Modeling of Risk due to Storage of Fuel (HFO/ LDO) Risk Assessment due to fuel storage tank containing LDO & HFO in the plant premises can be analyzed by using the Model ALOHA, for that storage tank details are below:


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Fig-:7.4 (A) Overpressure (Blast Force) Threat Zone-HFO Conclusions: The predictions of impact of leakage of the HFO storage Tank & threat for overpressure (blast force) in the surrounding shows that there is no threat of the maximum impact which hereby relates to the destruction of buildings. Threat of serious injury is likely to happen within 700 m distance from the source.


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Fig-:7.4 (B) Flammable Threat Zone-HFO Conclusion: The impact of leakage of the HFO leads to the flame pockets shall be limited below 1 km in the downwind direction (South west) Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) which is the minimum concentration of fuel in the air needed for a fire or an explosion to occur if an ignition source is present. The impact lowers beyond this region and has been found till 2.25 km though this concentration is much lower to cause any significant harm to the environment even in the calm conditions.


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Figure 7.5: Threat Zone HFO (Superimposed on Plant Layout)


245



Fig: 7.6 Flammable Threat Zone –LDO Conclusion:- The contour plot of flammable Threat Zone for LDO shows that flame pockets shall be limited below 1 km in the downwind direction (here South West).The impact of the LEL;Lower Explosive Limit is limited to within 2.2 km within the premises & and also the plotting shows that it can cause no harm to the Environment and the explosion occur when the ignition source is present there only.


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Figure 7.7: Threat Zone LDO (Superimposed on Plant Layout)


247



Fig: 7.2. (D) Over-pressure (Blast Force) Threat Zone:-LDO Conclusion-: The contour plot can easily depicted that Overpressure (Blast Force) Threat Zone for LDO is ranges approximately 700 m within the premises of plant and occur only when a spark ignited the fire in the plant, even in the worst condition the it is not exceeding the limits and causes no harm. 7.2.15

Heat Radiation and Thermal Damage Criteria:


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The level of damage caused by heat radiation due to fire is a function of duration of exposure as well as heat flux (i.e. radiation energy onto the object of concern). This is true both for the effect on building and plant equipment and for the effect on personnel. However the variation of likely exposures times is more marked with personnel, due to possibility of finding shelter coupled with protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body). Further, it is assumed that everyone inside the area by the pool fire will be burned to death (100% lethality) or will asphyxiate. Radiation at various heat flux levels which are critical in risk analysis, are given in the Table-7.10. Table No -7.10 Effect of Heat Radiation Heat Radiation

Effect

37.5 Kw/m2

Damage to Equipment

30.0 Kw/m2

Limit for Class 1 building materials

12.5 Kw/m2

Melting Plastics

4.0 Kw/m2

Blistering

1.6 Kw/m2

Severe Hot feeling

The damage and fatality (percentage of the exposed people to be killed) due to the exposure time is very important in determining the degree of fatality and corresponding effect distance. It is observed that the exposed persons normally find shelter or protection from the heat radiation (e.g. against a wall) within 10 seconds. However, exposure time of 30 seconds is normally assumed for pessimistic calculation which applies if people do not run away immediately or when no protection is available. The variation of the effects on humans due to heat flux and duration of exposure have been developed in the form of a Probit Equation which gives following values for human fatality levels in Table –7.11. Table-7.11 Heat Radiation and Fatality Radiation Level (Kw/m2 )

Exposure Time in Seconds for % fatality 1%

50%

99%

1.6

4.0

12.5

30

80

200

37.5

8

20

50

Conclusions and Principal Recommendations Thermal radiation hazards due to storage of Light Diesel Oil (LDO) & Heavy Fuel Oil


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(HFO) as Fuels Risk Analysis for Plant was carried out with the objective to identify the potential hazards from the pipeline, and storage facilities. Certain important conclusions and recommendations arising out of the study are mentioned below. The thermal radiation contours corresponding to 32 kW/m2 radiation intensity due to HFO and LDO storage tanks fire from Plant is confined to within the premises. Hence, for such a scenario, the effect of lower thermal radiation levels on general public outside the plant premises is insignificant. The higher intensity of radiation contours is confined to within the plant premises only. It is proposed and suggested that the adjacent tanks shall thermally be protected by firewater and foam system similar to the existing tanks. The firewater cooling system and Foam facilities are proposed to provide with Foam system as per OISD-117 [Oil Industry Safety Directorate] for fuel storage tanks. It is proposed and suggested that the adjacent tanks shall thermally be protected by firewater and foam system for fuel tanks. The storage tanks are to be provided with fixed foam conveying system with foam pourers and all around fire fighting facilities with hydrants and foam cum water monitors as per OISD-117 norms. This enables tank cooling in case of fire. It is therefore, important that cooling of the adjoining fuel storage tanks is done, promptly, in case of tank fire on any of the fuel storage tanks. It is also important to cool the storage tank on fire so that tank shell does not give away. It is opined that the above provisions for safety are adequate. Furthermore, it is recommended that additional measures for safety be taken. These measures include inspecting all other piping and appurtenances for damage and corrosion to prevent the unexpected leakage of Light Diesel Oil (LDO) and Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) establishing an Emergency Plan, Employee Emergency Plans and Fire Prevention Plans.


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7.2.16

Recommendations: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from water, heat, combustibles (such as wood, paper and oil) and light. Store away from incompatible materials such as flammable materials, oxidizing materials, reducing materials, strong bases. Use corrosion-resistant structural materials and lighting and ventilation systems in the storage area. Wood and other organic/combustible materials should not be used on floors, structural materials and ventilation systems in the storage area. Use airtight containers, kept well sealed securely labeled and protected from damage. Use suitable, approved storage cabinets, tanks, rooms and buildings. Suitable storage may include glass bottles and containers. Storage tanks should be above ground and surrounded with dikes capable of holding entire contents. Limit quantity of material in storage. Restrict access to storage area. Post warning signs when appropriate. Keep storage area separate from populated work areas. Inspect periodically for deficiencies such as damage or leaks. Have appropriate fire extinguishers available in and near the storage area. The following measures are suggested for reducing the risk involved in pipeline systems.

7.2.17

Preventive Maintenance: Routine inspection and preventive maintenance of equipment/facilities at the unit. Instruments: All the instruments like pressure, temperature transmitters/gauges and alarms switches and safety interlocks should be tested for their intended application as per the preventive maintenance schedule. Similarly, the emergency shutdown system should be tested as per the preventive maintenance schedule.

7.2.18

Risk Mitigation Measures The materials handled at the proposed installation are inflammable and reactive substances and based on the consequence analysis; the following measures are suggested as risk mitigation measures. The storage area, process area as well as road tankers loading/unloading areas where there is maximum possibility of presence of flammable hydrocarbons in


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large quantities, it should be ensured that combustible materials are not placed here such as oil filled cloth, wooden supports, oil buckets etc. to reduce the probability of secondary fires in case of release. Hydrocarbon, smoke and fire detectors should be suitably located and linked to fire fighting system to reduce the response time and ensure safe dispersal of vapours before ignition can occur. Tank fires result in little damage at ground levels. Damage at tank height is such as to damage adjacent tanks. Hence tank cooling provisions, particularly upper sections of the tank must be ensured to prevent explosion. Foam for arresting roof fires must be started immediately. Pool fires resulting from tanker/pump/pipeline leakage are dangerous since the liquid pool becomes unconfined. Training in fire fighting, escape action, operation of emergency switches etc. is vital. Pump loading line failures have also a possibility of causing major damage. Strict inspection, maintenance and operation procedures are essential for preventing escalation of such incidents. Emergency procedures should be well rehearsed and state of readiness to be achieved. 7.2.191

Possibilities, Nature and Effects of Emergency Leaving aside earthquake, cyclone, flood, arson and sabotage, the possible emergencies that can arise in the plant due to storage and handling of the above materials are: Explosion in boilers, turbo generators, and transformers. Heavy leakage and subsequent fire in the fuel oil handling area and storage tanks Large fires involving the coal stockyard and coal handling areas Accidental release of huge ash slurry Chlorine leakage in the water treatment plant Accidental fire due to some other reasons. Table No. : 7.12 LIST OF IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS

S. No.

Designation


STD code

252

office

Residence



1

District Magistrate

0732

2224153,2226666

2223333

2

SDM Magistrate

3

Sub-Divisional Officer, Harsud

07325

272246

4

Tehsildar

07325

272247

5

Superintendent of Police

0732

22222100

6

Janpad Panchyat Harsud

0732

272252

7

District Urban0 Development Agency Pariyojna Adhikari

2223512

8

Chief Forest Conserver

0732

2224120

9

Chief Medical & Health Officer

0732

2225990

10

Zila Siksha Kendra, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

0732

11

Senior Agriculture Development Officer, Harsud

9753238223

12

Sub-Divisional Officer Agriculture

0732

27272390

9424547999

13

District Industry Centre

0733

2222278

14

Disaster Management Institute,Bhopal

0755

2466715,2461538, 2461348, 293592

2224153, 2226666 2223333

Note: Contact No. of Project Authority, Operating Staff and Security Staff will be included after office establishment at Site. Table: 7.13 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for Fuel Oil and Chlorine IDENTIFY OF MATERIAL:DIESEL Product name

Diesel Oil,Gas Oil

Trade name

HSD

Formula

Complex mixture of Hydrocarbons

Label / Class

Red - FLAMMABLE LIQUID

UN NO.

1202

CAS NO.

HAZECHM code

3Y*

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical state

Liquid

Boiling point/ Range C

150 -400

Melting/ Freezing pt. C

18 to -46

Vapour pressure

500MW, Coal based), S. No. 1(d) (Thermal Power Plants), & hence it requires Environment Clearance.

11.2

JUSTIFICATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT

The review of the statistics reveals that there is an energy shortage to the tune of 8.5% and peak demand shortage of 10.3% on all India bases (actual) during April 2010 – March 2011.

Notably there is an acute shortage in certain areas of the country. Due to the various reasons the capacity addition in the past is much less than the planned figures, in particular by Independent Power Producers though the sector was thrown open for private entrepreneurs. The total installed capacity in the country, as on 31st May 2011 is 1, 74,911.40 MW whereas the peak demand is around 1, 25,077 MW during April 2010 to March 2011. The table attached below indicates the installed capacity on 31st May 2011 and peak demand in April-2010-March-2011 and also the estimate of peak demand in the year 2016-17. Considering the above, development of 2x660 MW Super Critical Coal based Thermal Power Plant by M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL) is justified from demand-supply consideration.

11.3

PROJECT LOCATION DETAILS The proposed plant site is located at Villages– Torniya, Chhippipura & Rampuri, Tehsil – Harsud, Distt. – Khandwa (Madhya Pradesh). The environmental setting of the proposed plant site is discussed as under: The proposed project site is covered in Toposheet No. 55 B/16, 55 B/12, 55 C/9, 55C/13


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Fallow land occupies almost 60 % of the present land of the proposed plant site. The State/ National Highways, SH-15 and NH-59A run at a distance of 500m and 50 km, NW respectively from the proposed plant boundary. The Nearest Railway Station is Barud at a distance of approx. 2 km in NE direction. The airport nearest to the project site is located in Indore at a distance of approx. 180 km. There is no Eco sensitive zone viz. National Park, Wild life sanctuary, Biosphere Reserve, Wild Life corridors falling within 10 km radius of the project site. There is no Historical & Archeological site and Defence establishment falling within 10 km radius of the project site. The project area falls under Seismic Zone-III as per Indian Standards, IS: 1893 2000. 11.4

PROJECT REQUIREMENT DETAILS

11.4.1

Land Requirement Total land requirement for the proposed project will be 935 acre. The project area includes approx. 40.98 acres of Government land and 902.08 acres of private land. There are no major existing structures in the proposed site area. Out of the total private land 315 Acres is already acquired and the remaining 587.08 Acres of land acquisition is under process. The land is acquired from the respective land owners as per the prevailing norms of Madhya Pradesh Government. Further, allotment of Government land for the project has also been applied for and is under active consideration.

11.4.2 Water Requirement The total water requirement for the proposed project is estimated to be 4245 m3/h. The water demand for the proposed plant will be met from Indira Sagar reservoir which is at a distance of about 8 kms (aerial) from the site. Application for permission for water withdrawal has been submitted vide letter dated 08.11.10 to Narmada Valley Development Corporation, Bhopal for allocation of 50 MCM water from Indira Sagar Reservoir for the project (Annexure 2A). Permission for drawl of 37.2 MCM/annum was granted by WRD, MP Government vide its Letter no. o`-i-fu-eM/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited (DEL)

351



@31@rd@jk-Lr-&230@2010@873 Dated 09th November 2012. (Copy enclosed as Annexure 2B). 11.4.3

Coal Requirement 6.9 MTPA (928 TPH/ 22,253 TPD) of domestic coal will be required for the proposed Thermal Power Plant project. Application for domestic coal linkage was submitted to Ministry of coal vide letter no. JKLCL/P.Plant/2010-2011/4 and dated 9-12-2010. Due to delay in domestic coal linkage and as an interim arrangement M/s. DEL has signed an MoU for imported coal with M/s. Adani Enterprises Limited. Imported coal requirement will be 4.4 MTPA at 85% PLF. The coal will be transported to the plant site using Indian Railways from the West-coast in Maharashtra /Gujarat. The GCV for the imported coal will be 5200 Kcal/kg.

11.4.4

Manpower The proposed power plant will require skilled and semi-skilled personnel during construction and operational phase. People from nearby villages will be employed during construction and operational phase based on their suitability. The total direct manpower requirement for Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of the power plant during operation period is estimated to be about 275 skilled persons.

11.5

Environmental Baseline Studies Conducted Baseline environmental monitoring studies have been carried out for three months during Post Monsoon Season, 2011.

11.5.1

Ambient Air Quality Predominant winds from NE direction were observed during the study period. To establish the baseline status of the ambient air quality in the study area, the air quality was monitored at 8 locations during the study period. The concentration of SPM, PM10 and PM2.5 for all the 8 AAQM stations ranges between 143.93 g/m3 to 221.88 g/m3, 46.64 to 73.65 g/m3 and 21.95 g/m3 to 32.76 g/m3 respectively. As far as the gaseous pollutants SO2 and NO2 are concerned, the SO2 concentrations are in the range of 6.47 g/m3 to 9.23 g/m3 and the NO2 concentration in the range of 14.06 g/m3 to 21.39 g/m3 for all the 8 AAQM stations. The results of the monitored data indicate that the ambient air quality of the region in general is in conformity with respect to norms of the National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) Standards of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), with present level of activities and also it infers that the air quality levels in the study area are of fairly good quality.


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11.5.2

Water Quality The baseline groundwater quality status in the region is established by analyzing 09 ground water samples and 4 surface water samples. The surface water samples analysis showed that pH was found in the range of pH were in the range of 8.04 to 8.19, Total Hardness varies from 136.00 to 209.60 mg/l, Total Dissolved Solid varies from 213.00 to 329.00 mg/l. All the parameters were found well within the prescribed standards. The ground water sample were analyzed which revealed that pH was found in the range of 7.46 & 8.17, Total Dissolved Solids from 302.00 to 661.00 mg/l and total hardness ranges between 148.00 & 592.00 mg/l. All the values have been found well within the prescribed standards.

11.5.3 Soil Characteristics It has been observed that the texture of soil in the study area is mostly silty clay. It has been observed that the pH of the soil ranged from 7.06 to 7.18 with Organic Matter from 0.54% to 0.87%. The phosphorous varies from 8.80 to 11.38 kg/ha in the moderate amount, Potassium ranges from 119.01 to 380.76 kg/ha and Nitrogen from 208.01 to 272.70 kg/ha. 11.5.4

Noise Level Survey The noise monitoring has been conducted at 8 locations in the study area. The Day time and Night time Noise Levels in the study area ranged between 45.10 dB (A) to 52.81 dB (A) and 40.02 dB (A) to 43.08 dB (A) respectively. The noise levels in general found mostly within the acceptable levels as per standards for various zones as prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).

11.5.5

Flora and Fauna Studies Detailed ecological studies were conducted during study to identify the floristic composition in and around proposed block and surrounding villages. Plant species and animals observed/ recorded through primary survey or with interaction local elderly people and forest officials of the area.


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11.6

ADDITIONAL STUDIES CONDUCTED

11.6.1

Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Studies Detail Disaster Management plan and Risk Assessment Study were carried out during the EIA Study period. Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe conditions) that exist in the proposed power plant. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the recognition and computation of risks, the equipment in the plant and personnel are prone to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the plant. Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and assessment of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of hazards present. This requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies and these have been discussed in details in EIA report.

11.6.2

Geological & Hydro geological Studies Hydrological & Hydro-geological studies of the core & buffer zone for plant area were studied for assessing groundwater resources of plant area and buffer zone. Geo morphologically the area consists of structural hills of Vindhyan, Denudation hills of Deccan traps. Apart from these above units features like flood plains, alluvial plains, valley fills etc are also seen in the district. The investigated area falls in the Khandwa district, the area of Khandwa district is subdivided in various geological formations, forming different type of the aquifer in the area. It is underlain by granite gneiss of Archean age, Bijawars sandstone & shale, Vindhyan Sandstone and shales, Bagh sandstone & shales, Deccan traps basalt. Major of the district is occupied by Deccan traps. Two types of aquifers are found. Weathered aquifer and fractured aquifers. Water level in the area ranges from 8 mt. to 12 mt. Hydro geologically the area is composed of alluvial and for artificial ground water recharge, Recharge wells will be most feasible recharge techniques. This will help in augmenting the groundwater storage around the tube wells so that they can sustain in long term. The details of the study have been incorporated in Chapter 7 (Additional Studies) of the Draft EIA/ EMP Report.


354



11.6.3

Socio-Economic Studies The socio-economic study has been conducted. Key issues were identified and suitable interventions to be taken by DEL have been proposed. Details have been incorporated in Chapter-7 of the Draft EIA/ EMP Report.

11.6.4 Public Hearing Consultation Public Hearing for this project was conducted on 31st August, 2012 at village Torniya, Tehsil New Harsud, District Khandwa (MP). Advertisement for conduction of Public Hearing was published in local newspapers i.e Free Press and Nayi Duniya dated 23.07.2012. The details of Public Hearing along with the issues raised and action plan are incorporated in Chapter VII of the Final EIA/EMP Report. 11.7

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

11.7.1 Air pollution control A High efficiency Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) having efficiency not less than 99.98% would be installed to control and limit the particulate emission to 50 mg/Nm3. To facilitate wider dispersion of pollutants one stack (twin flue) of 275 m height above plant grade level is envisaged. Emission of NOx will be controlled using advanced coal burner. ESP/ Fabric filters (FFs) along with flue gas desulfurization (FGDs) will be used for mercury removal from fly ash. All the internal roads shall be concreted / asphalted to reduce the fugitive dust due to vehicular movement. Fugitive dust emission at all requisite points in coal handling plant and coal stockyard will be controlled by providing water sprinklers. The emissions from the stacks shall be continuously monitored. CREP guidelines will be followed. 11.7.2

Water Pollution Control Waste water will be generated from Cooling tower blow down, DM plant, Filter backwash water, Boiler blow down and sanitary wash. Waste water generated from the plant process will be treated & reused.


355



The composite liquid effluent treatment plant has been designed to treat all liquid effluents which originate within the power station e.g. Water Treatment Plant (WTP), floor washings, service water drains etc. Oily wastes will be processed through oil separators to trap oil from the effluents emanating from the Oil Handling Area. Rain water harvesting shall be practiced. Ground water quality shall be monitored regularly. 11.7.3

Solid Waste Management The fly ash is collected in silos and would be encouraged to be utilized locally /marketed in dry form. Fly ash generated from the proposed power plant would be commercially utilized to the extent possible in one or more of the following industries: Cement Industry. Brick industry. Fly ash aggregate making industry. Road making/ paving. As per MOEF guidelines 100% fly ash utilization will be ensured within Four (4) years of commissioning of the plant. Bottom Ash will be disposed to ash pond in semi dry form. Un-utilized fly ash will be disposed to ash pond A blanket of water will be maintained over the ash pond area to control fugitive dust emission. After the ash pond is abandoned, it would be reclaimed by providing earth cover and thereafter tree plantation

11.7.4

Noise Pollution Management The noise generating sources in the proposed plant will be from turbines, generators, compressors, pumps, fans, coal handling plant etc. All equipments shall be designed for noise levels not exceeding 85 dBA. Machines shall be housed in building & provided with acoustic enclosures as required to maintain noise levels within limits. The operator’s cabins (control rooms) shall be properly (acoustically)


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insulated with special doors and observation windows. All applicable Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) shall be provided. The wide greenbelt around the plant will attenuate the noise level. 11.7.5

Green Belt Development Plantation will be done in and around the plant premises. Tree plantation would be undertaken in about 310 acres of the total plant area. Plantation will be done as per the guidelines. The trees will be planted at suitable grid spacing to encourage proper growth.

11.8

CONCLUSION There is no development without industrialization. But development should be sustainable taking care of the maintenance of environmental resources. The proposed project of M/s Dwarkesh Energy Limited would take all precautionary measures to keep environment as it is or even take steps to improve it further. Since there is a gap between demand and supply of power in India as explained earlier, hence this project will not only help in fulfilling this gap but also provide employment. Since the company is very active in socio-economic development activities through construction of roads, hospitals, providing financial assistance to handicapped, organizing eye camps, adult education etc. This would improve the social status of the people of the area. Green belt development in the area will improve the aesthetic beauty of the area.


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CHAPER-12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED 12.1 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED J.M. EnviroNet Pvt. Ltd. (JMEPL) was established in the year 1993. ‘JM’ in the name of the Company is derived from the name of ‘Lord Shiva’ - the Temple of ‘Jharkhand Mahadev’ (JM). The Temple is located at Queens Road, Vaishali Nagar, Jaipur. The Registered office of JMEPL is at 7-CH-10, Jawahar Nagar, Jaipur. Its Delhi-NCR Corporate office is at SCO-16, Sector 10A, Gurgaon (Haryana). J.M. EnviroNet Pvt. Ltd. is accredited with ISO-9001: 2008 for EIA Division. EIA Division is also approved by National Accreditation Board for Education & Training (NABET) formerly NRBPT (Quality Council of India), Certificate no. NABET/EIA/1013/002 dated 17th May 2010. The Company has its own Environmental Laboratory at Gurgaon (Haryana) approved under EPA (Environment Protection Act) From the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi vide notification No.865E dated 11.04.2008 published in the Gazette of India dated 11.04.2008 & approved by the National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories, Govt. of India (NABL) (Registration No.NABL-T-1327), as also ISO-17025: 2005. The Company’s work is spread over 22 States viz.:- Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Goa, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Assam, West Bengal, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Bihar & Uttarakhand. JMEPL is offering Environmental Consultancy Services in various sectors viz Industrial Projects / Chemical Industries / Cement Plants / Thermal Power Plants / Mining.Projects / Coal Washery Project/ Real Estate Projects / Distilleries / Steel Plants etc. In the Mining sector, JMEPL is covering mines of minerals viz. Limestone, Bauxite, Chromite, Coal, Zinc, Copper, Gypsum, Soapstone, Iron & Manganese ore, Clay, Silica Sand, Feldspar, Quartz etc.


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Besides this, its MoEF and NABL approved Environmental Laboratory at Gurgaon is also providing Analytical Laboratory Services of various elements and environmental parameters. Annual monitoring as per MoEF / CPCB / SPCB guidelines, Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan, consultancy for Rain Water Harvesting Plan, detailed Hydro-geological Study for major mining projects, preparation of Environmental Statement Reports (Environmental Clearance Compliance Conditions), etc. are amongst the various other consultancy services offered by the Company. JMEPL has a highly qualified team of Subject Experts. As Faculty Heads of the EIA Division we have Retd. General Managers of the Reputed Cement Companies, ExHead EIA Division of big Business Group, STP & ETP designing experts, Retd. Mining and Geology Experts with vast experience in their respective fields.


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Water sustainability study of Indra Sagar Reservoir was done by M/s. Design Studio Limited.


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