3. HUBBLE IN SPACE. Connect the dots to see Hubble. The Hubble Space .... pictures and words. Webb telescope. Earth. Hub
James Webb Space Telescope
Webb Telescope Fun Pad PA C K E D W I T H T H I N G S T O D O !
www.nasa.gov
Note to Parents: This Fun Pad is designed for ages 5 - 10 years old and is divided into sections. - The front section contains general information about Webb Telescope - The middle section contains activities for younger children - The back section contains more challenging activities
EXPLORE MORE
For more information on NASA and the Webb Telescope, visit these web sites: http://education.nasa.gov http://nasascience.nasa.gov/ http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/ http://www.nasa.gov/hubble http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/
WEBB TELESCOPE Mission logo
This is the Webb telescope mission patch. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) are working together to create and build this new telescope.
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JAMES WEBB A man and his telescope
The Webb telescope was named after the person who was the head of NASA in the 1960s. Though he is most commonly linked to the Apollo Moon Program, James Webb was the one who thought NASA should be doing more science. Because he inspired NASA’s successful science program, it is only fitting that the next generation space telescope bears his name. 2
HUBBLE IN SPACE Connect the dots to see Hubble 3
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The Hubble Space Telescope was launched into space in 1990. After more than 20 years and a few upgrades, Hubble keeps sending back beautiful images and helping scientists to learn about the universe. The Webb telescope will be the “big brother” to Hubble and scientists expect great discoveries and wonderful images from the Webb telescope. 3
LEARN ABOUT WEBB TELESCOPE Fun facts 37 1 2 36
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The Webb telescope will have the largest mirror ever placed in space, so large that for it to fit in the rocket, it will have to be folded like origami. The five layer sunshield, the size of a tennis court, will protect the telescope from the light and heat of the Sun, Earth, and Moon. The sunshield adds protection to the telescope that is equivalent to SPF 1,000,000. Webb will be such a powerful telescope that it will be able to see a penny from 24 miles away. The Webb will be a giant leap forward in our quest to understand the universe and our origins. The Webb will examine every phase of cosmic history: from the bright glows after the Big Bang to the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets to the evolution of our own solar system.
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MIRROR... MIRROR Count and write in the number of segments in the Webb mirror Webb Mirror
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Hubble Primary Mirror
The Webb mirror is very large and will collect 7 times more light than Hubble’s mirror. However, a large, solid mirror (like Hubble’s) would be too heavy to launch into space, Webb’s is made up of 18 mirror segments that will act as one. The mirror segments will be folded up and put inside the rocket for launch.
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A NEW IDEA TO SEE BETTER How m i c r oshut t er s work
One of the science instruments on the Webb telescope has a new way of looking at faint, far away galaxies. It uses something called microshutters. To get an idea of how this works, think about how you would make something far away look clearer—just squint! By squinting, your eyelashes block out the light closest to you. This is very similar to how microshutters work. 6
READY TO LAUNCH Find out how Webb folds up and fits into the launch rocket nose cone The Webb telescope is as wide as a tennis court and as tall as a 3-story building. It is too big to fit into a rocket, so Webb will be folded up like origami and tucked inside the nose of the rocket. Once in space, the telescope will open like a transformer.
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WEBB TELESCOPE IN SPACE How far away will it be?
Earth/Moon Orbit Around the Sun
Sun
93 M M
Moon
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Earth
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The Webb telescope will live 1 million miles from Earth. This is nearly 4 times the distance between the Earth and the Moon.
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DOWNLOADING DATA How does the information get to us? There are three stages in getting the data from Webb to the ground: 1 The Webb gathers the data 2 The Webb sends the data down to ground stations on Earth 3 The data is sent to the Science Center
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INFRARED IMAGING
INFRARED
VISIBLE
How Webb will see objects in space
Infrared light can be seen through some materials that visible light cannot. Notice that in the visible light image, you cannot see the man’s hand in the black bag. With an infrared camera, however, we can detect the heat from the man’s arm and hand and thus “see” through the bag. Similarly, Webb can detect the infrared light from young stars hidden in clouds and dust. 10
SEEING IN A NEW LIGHT Infrared facts Can you tell what animals are in these pictures? A
B
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F
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B.
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To make infrared pictures like the ones above, we can use special cameras that sense heat. Many things besides people and animals give off infrared light — the Earth, Sun, and far away things like stars and galaxies do also! A - Parrot, B - Turtle, C - Horse, D - Giraffe, E - Monkey, F - Chicken
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FILL IN THE NUMBERS Wr i t e i n t he m i ssi ng digits
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MAKE A MATCH Draw a line between the matching pictures and words
Hubble Telescope Galaxy
Webb telescope Earth 13
DRAW A FACE ON THE STAR M a k e i t sad, m ad, or gla d!
SAD
GLAD MAD 14
LOOKING DIFFERENT Circle the one that is not the same
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C OL O R TH E W E B B T ELES CO P E M a ke t hi s a w or k of a r t a nd s p a ce
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MIX AND MATCH Draw a line from the shape to its shadow
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MOON DOGGIE C olor -by-num ber space dog 1
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IS IT FREEZING IN SPACE? Connect the dots to see a cold spot
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The snowman’s temperature is around 27° Fahrenheit (-3° Celcius). The Webb telescope has to stay at -400° F (-240° C) below zero. 19
WHAT DOES NOT BELONG? Ci rc l e t h e one t hat d oes n ’ t be l o n g
Astronaut, Comet, Earth
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WHAT COMES NEXT? Draw the picture that comes next in each row
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WHAT ARE ASTRONOMERS? Find and circle these shapes
An astronomer is a scientist who studies celestial bodies such as planets, stars, and galaxies. NASA has many astronomers who will use the Webb telescope to look at new and wondrous things. 22
DRAWING THE LINE Draw a line between the pictures and the words that match
Webb telescope Sun Rocket Hexagon 23
RHYME T IME W h a t ot h er wor ds r hym e with STAR ?
Candy Bar, Guitar, Car, Jar
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AS TRONAUT COLOR B Y N UM B ER Hel p t he ast r onaut pl ace the fla g
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ONE MORE WORD W h a t w or d r epl ac es t he que s tion ma rk?
Webb ? Hubble Space ? ?
Ultraviolet ?
?
Optical ? Radio ? X-ray ?
Telescope
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? ?
? ?
DRAWING LESSON Draw your own space telescope
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SPACE STUFF Un s c r a mb l e t he let t er s t o spe ll s pa ce words XLAYGA
HRATE
NTEPAL
NUHALC
UNS
RSTA
UDLCO
Galaxy, Earth, Planet, Launch, Sun, Star, Cloud
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ORDER UP! Alphabetize these space-related words
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OR ETE
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AXY
NEBUL A UT TERS H S O R AST MIC ERO S TA ID R
SU N SH IE LD
MIRRO RS N PLA
ET
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10. Asteroid, Comet, Galaxy, Meteor, Microshutters, Mirrors, Nebula, Planet, Star, Sunshield
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A STRONG ELEMENT How many words can you spell using the letters in BERYLLIUM?
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Beryllium is a steel grey, strong, light-weight metal that is used to make the Webb’s mirrors and optics. Lime, Mill, Brim, Yell, Bell, Mile, Mule, Lie, Rim, Rule, Rye, Bill
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THE PLANETS AROUND US Name the planets in our Solar System
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N HINT: My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Noodles Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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CHIP OFF THE OLD UNIVERSE Chocolate chips and you
The universe continues to grow and the galaxies keep moving farther apart. One way to understand this is to look at chocolate chips in the dough of unbaked cookies. As the dough bakes and rises, the chocolate chips move farther apart making more space between the chocolate chips. 32
FIND SOME SHADE How many times can you find the word “sunshade”? S
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The large sunshield (sunshade) will protect the Webb telescope from getting hot by direct sunlight, allowing it to cool down to a temperature -400° below zero Fahrenheit (or -240° Celcius). 4
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CROSSWORDS A n sw er the c l ues t o f ill in the word 1
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CLUES: 1. The fifth planet from the Sun, the largest and most massive in the solar system 2. Our solar system is in the Milky Way 3. Celestial bodies that are seen as points of light in the night sky 4. A scientist who studies planets, stars, and galaxies 5. A small extraterrestrial body that is a frozen mass that travels around the Sun 6. Any small solid extraterrestrial bodies that hits the Earth's atmosphere
1. Jupiter 2. Galaxy 3. Stars 4. Astronomer 5. Comet 6. Meteor
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LOOK FOR WEBB TELESCOPE WORDS Sear c h and f ind D D O B S E R V A T O R Y E EARTH ENERGY GALAXY HEAT IMAGE
E J E E P O C S U N O D N N
R D W T E T E L E S C O P E INFRARED LAUNCH LIGHT NASA
A L A S C A N B N C T L G R
R E V K T T U E D A A A N G NEBULA OBSERVATORY SCAN SCOPE
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F I E Y R L S N E F M P A Y SENSOR SHIELD SKY SPACE
N H T R A E T H G I L O S E
I S G A L A X Y H C N U A L SPECTRAL SUN TELESCOPE WAVE
COMPARE THE SIZE Hubble or Webb: Which is bigger?
Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope is about the size of a large tractor trailer truck.
The Webb telescope’s sunshield is almost as big as a Boeing 737 airplane!
Webb telescope
Webb Telescope
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CROSSWORDS A n s w er the c l ues t o f ill i n the word 1
G
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CLUES: 1. What the Sun, a lamp, or a beacon gives off 2. The Webb telescope will be launched into outer 3. Webb or Hubble Space 4. Heavenly bodies that look like points of light in the sky 5. The shape of Webb’s eighteen mirrors 6. Equipment that is launched on board the Shuttle or rockets for a mission in space
1. Light 2. Space 3. Telescope 4. Stars 5. Hexagon 6. Payload
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WAY OUT OF HERE Get Webb t o t he l aunch pa d
Start Here
Launch
The Webb telescope will be launched on an Ariane-5 rocket in South America. 38
SEARCHING FOR WORDS C i r c l e t he Webb t elesc ope words C P A Y L O A D E L B B U H
A N S A C O S M O S B T E T
NASA ARRAY ASTRONOMY CAMERA COSMOS
M I C R O S H U T T E R S E
R O R A T S A R C A G W D A
E R O R R I M D N K W A J N
DATA GAS HUBBLE LENS MICROSHUTTERS
MIRROR ORBIT OPTICS PAYLOAD PLANET 39
A I S C I T P O R L S N E L PRISM RING ROCKET SKY
L K N R A O R B I T I A M P
Y E P G P Y M O N O R T S A STAR SUN WEBB
WEBB HAS EIGHTEEN... Find the answer by writing the first letter of each object in the box beside the picture
Moon, Ice Cream, Rabbit, Rocket, Orange, Ring, Saturn = MIRRORS
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SPACE COUNTING
SP AC E
How many times can you find the word “space”?
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DIFFERENT EARTHLINGS Find and circle 8 different things
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MAZE CRAZE Help light get from the galaxy to the Webb telescope
Start Here
The Webb telescope will be a million miles from Earth, which means that it will be much farther away from us than the Moon! Webb needs to stay cool so it can see faint, far away galaxies. The place where Webb will be will let the telescope use its large sunshield to block out infrared light from the Sun, Earth, and Moon. 43
WEBB TELESCOPE PARTS U s e t he c ode t o nam e the pa rts of t he spac ec r aft
*
*
*
*
�
= = = = =
F G H I J
= � = = = * =
K= L = M= N=
O P Q R
= = = =
Primary Mirror, Secondary Mirror, Trim Tab, Spacecraft Bus, Sunshield
A B C D E
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S T U V
= = = =
*
W= X = Y = Z =
COUNT THEM UP How many objects can you find?
How many telescopes? How many stars? How many galaxies? How many planets? How many radar antenna? 4 Telescopes, 6 Stars, 1 Galaxy, 3 Planets, 1 Radar Antnenna
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IDENTICAL WEBB Circle the two telescopes that are the same
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SCRAMBLE TIME Tr a c e ov er t he dashed lines and uns cra mb le t h e w or ds t o nam e t he s pa ce cra ft LEUBHB CEPSA LETPOESCE
BEWB POCLEETSE
Hubble Space Telescope, Webb telescope
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HOW DID WE GET HERE? F r om t h e f ir st lig ht i n t he unive rs e to the b i r t h of p l anet s and t he o rigins of life
The launch of the Webb telescope will be a giant step in the human quest to understand our place in the universe. With the largest telescope mirror ever placed in space, the Webb telescope will examine every phase of our history: from wisps of gas condensing into the first stars and galaxies after the Big Bang, to the formation of solar systems capable of supporting life on planets like Earth, and to the evolution of our own Solar System.
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EXPLORE MORE
For more information on NASA and the Webb Telescope, visit these web sites: http://education.nasa.gov http://nasascience.nasa.gov/ http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/ http://www.nasa.gov/hubble http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/
James Webb Space Telescope
Webb Telescope Fun Pad PA C K E D W I T H T H I N G S T O D O !