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–Southeast Technical. Manager – iLevel .... Using Wood In Georgia Schools .... Boyce (E285 – Dallas, NC) is the ac
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Introduction – Technical Director WoodWorks – Southeast Technical Manager – iLevel – Staff Engineer – American Wood Council [email protected] Phone: 615 439 0624

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Utilization of Heavy Timber in Modern Commercial Buildings

This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. © Wood Products Council

Presented By: Scott Lockyear

Overview Wood Products Council is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. y Credit earned on completion p of this p program g will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

 What is Heavy Timber Construction?  Building Type Effects  Engineered Wood  Decking/Diaphragms g p g  Connections

Why select Timber Framing?

Why select Timber Framing?

Layton Petro Mart

What is a Timber Frame?

•Resistant to Fire •Exposed Wood Members •Lack of Concealed Spaces

O fl l • Open floor plans • Dramatic vaulted ceilings

Heavy Timber as Defined in the IBC  Guided by IBC section 602 4 602.4

Minimum Sizes – Floor Framing

B Beam Supporting S ti Floor Load > 6x10 nominal

Column Supporting Floor Load > 8x8 nominal

Photo off Hoffstadt ff Bluff ff Visitor’s ’ Center C

Arch Sprung From the Ground

Arch Sprung From the Ground

Arches supporting roof loads from top of wall shall be > 4x6

Timber Arches supporting roof loads and springing from floor > 6x8 at bottom & 6x6 at top

Timber Arches supporting floor loads and springing from floor > 8x8 nominal Images Provided by Structural Wood Corporation

Minimum Sizes – Roof Framing Beam Supporting Roof Load > 4x6 nominal

Column Supporting Roof Load > 6x8 nominal

Minimum Sizes – Roof Framing Roof Decking > 2x T&G Deck > 1-1/8” WSP Often 7/16” sheathing Oft h thi may be applied over 2x deck Truss Framing > 4x6

Photo off Hoffstadt ff Bluff ff Visitor’s ’ Center C

Photo of Hoffstadt Bluff Visitor’s Center

Beams in Rated Assemblies

 602.4.7 Exterior structural members –  If horizontal separation of 20 ft is provided,  Heavy timber wood columns and arches permitted externally. Photo of Outdoor Store South of Chattanooga by S. Lockyear

Why is Type IV in the code  Historical Practice  Fire Resistance

Fire Resistance through Char / Pyrolysis  Chemical change brought about by the action of heat

CHAR OCCURS AT 280 0C

Photos provided by Structural Wood Corporation

Choosing a Building Type?

Trees after 2007 GA Fires

Photo by S. Lockyear

Navigating Allowable H & A  Type I: Significant wood restriction  Type II: Significant wood restriction  Type III: Minor wood restriction  Type IV: Heavy Timber  Type V: Wood readily dil allowed ll d

 BY ORDER OF H&A ALLOWED  Type I  Type IV  Type II  Type T III V

Alternative to Type IV construction  Timber construction is allowed even when it does not meet Type IV construction  Type IIIB and VB unprotected construction

 Allows for conventionally framed walls or SIPS

Timber Frame in IIIA or VA construction

Using Timber w/o Type IV  Type IIIB construction offers:  Allowable heights identical to IIB  Allowable areas identical to IIB  Exception: IIB > IIIB for B, F-1, F-2, H-3, H-5, I-2, and I-3

 IIIA and VA require one hour rated floor and roof assemblies in addition to one to two hour wall assemblies

√ √ √ √

Achieving one hour equivalency

Protecting Steel Connections

 Common Techniques  Additional Design Material  Calculated Fire Endurance

DCA 2 EXCERPTS

Utilize Height Advantage in Type IV

Why Use Type IV construction?

IBC Tabulatedand similar projections of  Balconies Heights up to 5 stories combustible construction…..or shall be of

 To take advantage of increased height relative to type II, III, and V.  Occurs > 50% of time

 Type IV offers 1 additional story typically relative to Type II and III TYPE I A B GROUP R‐2 A‐2

HGT (FT)  ( ) HGT (S) S A S A

UL UL UL UL UL

TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION TYPE IV TYPE II TYPE III A B A B HT

Type IV construction in accordance with Section 602.4.

TYPE V A B

160 65 55 65 55 65 50 40 11 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 UL 24,000 16,000 24,000 16,000 20,500 12,000 7,000 11 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 UL 15,500 9,500 14,000 9,500 15,000 11,500 6,000

Why Use Type IV construction?  To incorporate into Type IB and IIA roof systems

Office Building Q b Quebec, QC Dimensions: 65 ft x 170 ft Height: 6 storey Completed: 2009

Balconies in Type III, IV, and V Balcony

Exterior Wall

Roof Construction

d. In all occupancies d occupancies, heavy timber shall be allowed where a 1-hour 1 hour or less fire-resistance rating is required.

Preservatively Treated Wood Beam Top Notched For Balcony

One Hour Floor Assembly

Type IV Applications – Gas Station Canopies  406.5.2 Canopies - Shall be of noncombustible materials, fire-retardant-treated fire retardant treated wood complying with Chapter 23, wood of Type IV sizes or of construction providing 1-hour fire resistance.  Combustible materials used in or on a canopy shall comply with one of the following:  1. Shielded from the pumps by a noncombustible element of the canopy, or wood d off Type T IV sizes; i

Type IV Applications – Gas Station Canopies  406.5.2 Canopies - Shall be of noncombustible materials, fire-retardant-treated fire retardant treated wood complying with Chapter 23, wood of Type IV sizes or of construction providing 1-hour fire resistance.  Combustible materials used in or on a canopy shall comply with one of the following:  1. Shielded from the pumps by a noncombustible element of the canopy, or wood d off Type T IV sizes; i

Kiaweh Island, SC

Using Wood In Georgia Schools

Using Wood In Georgia Schools

 Heavy Timber as Defined in Section 602 of the IBC may be used used.  Example Project;

 Heavy Timber as Defined in Section 602 of the IBC may be used used.  Example Project;

 Fayetteville, NC C  110,000sf  Heavy Timber Roof System

 Fayetteville, NC C  110,000sf  Heavy Timber Roof System

photo by B. Lindsey

Beams in Rated Assemblies

photo by B. Lindsey

What about Engineered Lumber Products? Glued Laminated Timber

Jack Daniel’s Distillery photo by S. Lockyear

QUIZ TIME Is this allowed in a IIA building?

Structural Composite Lumber

Engineered Wood Beams – Glulam & Structural Composite Lumber

Equivalent Glued Laminated Net Size

Glued Laminated Beams •Available in: •Framing/Industrial Grades – Intended for non-exposed conditions. •Architectural – Intended for exposed members. •Premium Grade also available

Glulam Appearance Grades – AITC 110

Glued Laminated Beams •Available in: •Framing/Industrial Grades – Intended for non-exposed conditions. •Architectural – Intended for exposed members. •Premium Grade also available

Multi-Ply Columns OK for Unprotected C Construction t ti

 Multi Multi-Ply Ply is ≠ Solid Section for Minimum Sizes

Tongue and Groove Decking

Gainesville Veterinary Clinic photo by S. Lockyear

T&G Decking Considerations  Span Configurations  Tongue & Grooved vs Splined vs.  Wood Species  Grade of Wood  Diaphragm Design

Racine Wisconsin Hotel photo by S. Lockyear

Racine Wisconsin Hotel photo by S. Lockyear

Diaphragm Options  Horizontally applied tongue and groove decking  Diagonally applied tongue and groove decking  Wood Structural Panel Sheathing

Tongue and Groove Decking

STRUCTURAL FRAMING

T&G DECKING WSP may be applied for diaphragm design

Tongue and Groove Decking

Tongue and Groove Decking

STRUCTURAL FRAMING

T&G DECKING

Decking Choices - Simple SPAN

LENGTH BOARD

Decking Choices - Continuous SPAN

LENGTH BOARD

Decking Choices – Cantilevered Pieces

Decking Spans  Controlled Random Layup 2 inch Decking

Timber Connections

Connection Options

 Bolted  Mortis & Tenon  Timber Rivets  Split S lit Ri Rings & Sh Shear Pl Plates t

Connection Options Bolted Connections

Split Rings

Shear Plates

Timber Rivet

Other Joint System

JOINERY

HALF-LAP DOVETAIL COLLAR TIE COMMON RAFTERS AT RIDGE

JOINERY

Examples

Image provided by SWS

 NFPA 1961 test  Witnessed by 80 code officials and insurance representatives  Steel bar joist and solid sawn wood exposed to fire. RAFTER TO KING POST CONNECTION

$17,000,000 – 77,000sf Murchison Performing Arts Center North Denton, TX

Murchison Performing Arts Center  Seating 1,100  98’ S Span  SWS AL supplied glulam

Examples  NFPA 1961 test  Witnessed by 80 code officials and insurance representatives  Steel bar joist and solid sawn wood exposed to fire.

 ""glulam l l structural t t l members were structurally, structurally aesthetically, and economicallyy the material of choice." Image provided by SWS

Architects: KVG Gideon Toal and Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer Associates Engineers: Frese & Nichools, Inc. Contractor: Huber, Hunt and Nichols Inc.

Heavy Timber Roof Focal point is heavy timber framework at entry core area and water park.

Great Wolf Lodge Resort, Resort located in Concord, Concord NC, NC is a $70 million million, 470 470,000 000 square foot complex. It will contain 402 hotel guest units, a 90,000 square foot indoor water park, and a 20,000 square foot convention center. Kraemer Brothers, LLC of Plain, WI has contracted with Universal Forest Products to provide and install all rough carpentry, wood trusses, and fiber cement siding. David Boyce (E285 – Dallas, NC) is the account manager for the $6.7 million turn-key project Dan Chaney is coordinating all efforts with David Boyce as General project. Manager of Operations in Dallas. The project started in November 2007 and is expected to be complete in March 2009. IImage above 2009 b iis a partial ti l view i off westt wing i off b building. ildi



Large Roof With Structural Panels

Photo by Universal Forest Products

Glued Laminated Beams with T&G

Photo by Universal Forest Products Photo by Universal Forest Products

YMCA Fitness Center

Anaheim Ice Arena

In corrosive chlorine environment wood is a popular choice.

116’ Span Anaheim Ice Arena

6,000 sf Building Expansion Architect – Eric Owen Moss Supplier – Structurlam Engineer - Englekirk Partners Consulting Structural Engineers Engineers, Inc Inc.

Hayden Warehouse

Glulam span – 16 -52’ 5-1/8 to 6-3/4” wide 9 tto 30” d deep 12’ o.c. 2x rafters 16” o.c.

Hayden Warehouse

Review  What is Heavy Timber Construction?  Building Type Effects  Engineered Wood  Decking/Diaphragms  Connections  Projects ojects

Technical Resources

Technical Resources - www.timberframe.org

Technical Resources - www.tfguild.org/

American Wood Council - www.awc.org

Make Your Next Building a Top Ten Candidate

Q Questions Scott S tt Lockyear L k WoodWorks [email protected] Phone: 615 439 0624