âSoutheast Technical. Manager â iLevel .... Using Wood In Georgia Schools .... Boyce (E285 â Dallas, NC) is the ac
Wood Products Council
WoodWorks A RESOURCE FOR DESIGN PROFESSIONALS
Incorporated p as the WPC in December 2006
WoodWorks
WoodWorks • • • • • •
Engineers Architects Developers General Contractors Building owners Builders
WoodWorks
• • • • • •
Seismic Issues Fire Protection Code Issue Resolution Energy Efficiency Sustainable Construction Cost Effective Designs
Introduction – Technical Director WoodWorks – Southeast Technical Manager – iLevel – Staff Engineer – American Wood Council
[email protected] Phone: 615 439 0624
Copyright Materials
Utilization of Heavy Timber in Modern Commercial Buildings
This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. © Wood Products Council
Presented By: Scott Lockyear
Overview Wood Products Council is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. y Credit earned on completion p of this p program g will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
What is Heavy Timber Construction? Building Type Effects Engineered Wood Decking/Diaphragms g p g Connections
Why select Timber Framing?
Why select Timber Framing?
Layton Petro Mart
What is a Timber Frame?
•Resistant to Fire •Exposed Wood Members •Lack of Concealed Spaces
O fl l • Open floor plans • Dramatic vaulted ceilings
Heavy Timber as Defined in the IBC Guided by IBC section 602 4 602.4
Minimum Sizes – Floor Framing
B Beam Supporting S ti Floor Load > 6x10 nominal
Column Supporting Floor Load > 8x8 nominal
Photo off Hoffstadt ff Bluff ff Visitor’s ’ Center C
Arch Sprung From the Ground
Arch Sprung From the Ground
Arches supporting roof loads from top of wall shall be > 4x6
Timber Arches supporting roof loads and springing from floor > 6x8 at bottom & 6x6 at top
Timber Arches supporting floor loads and springing from floor > 8x8 nominal Images Provided by Structural Wood Corporation
Minimum Sizes – Roof Framing Beam Supporting Roof Load > 4x6 nominal
Column Supporting Roof Load > 6x8 nominal
Minimum Sizes – Roof Framing Roof Decking > 2x T&G Deck > 1-1/8” WSP Often 7/16” sheathing Oft h thi may be applied over 2x deck Truss Framing > 4x6
Photo off Hoffstadt ff Bluff ff Visitor’s ’ Center C
Photo of Hoffstadt Bluff Visitor’s Center
Beams in Rated Assemblies
602.4.7 Exterior structural members – If horizontal separation of 20 ft is provided, Heavy timber wood columns and arches permitted externally. Photo of Outdoor Store South of Chattanooga by S. Lockyear
Why is Type IV in the code Historical Practice Fire Resistance
Fire Resistance through Char / Pyrolysis Chemical change brought about by the action of heat
CHAR OCCURS AT 280 0C
Photos provided by Structural Wood Corporation
Choosing a Building Type?
Trees after 2007 GA Fires
Photo by S. Lockyear
Navigating Allowable H & A Type I: Significant wood restriction Type II: Significant wood restriction Type III: Minor wood restriction Type IV: Heavy Timber Type V: Wood readily dil allowed ll d
BY ORDER OF H&A ALLOWED Type I Type IV Type II Type T III V
Alternative to Type IV construction Timber construction is allowed even when it does not meet Type IV construction Type IIIB and VB unprotected construction
Allows for conventionally framed walls or SIPS
Timber Frame in IIIA or VA construction
Using Timber w/o Type IV Type IIIB construction offers: Allowable heights identical to IIB Allowable areas identical to IIB Exception: IIB > IIIB for B, F-1, F-2, H-3, H-5, I-2, and I-3
IIIA and VA require one hour rated floor and roof assemblies in addition to one to two hour wall assemblies
√ √ √ √
Achieving one hour equivalency
Protecting Steel Connections
Common Techniques Additional Design Material Calculated Fire Endurance
DCA 2 EXCERPTS
Utilize Height Advantage in Type IV
Why Use Type IV construction?
IBC Tabulatedand similar projections of Balconies Heights up to 5 stories combustible construction…..or shall be of
To take advantage of increased height relative to type II, III, and V. Occurs > 50% of time
Type IV offers 1 additional story typically relative to Type II and III TYPE I A B GROUP R‐2 A‐2
HGT (FT) ( ) HGT (S) S A S A
UL UL UL UL UL
TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION TYPE IV TYPE II TYPE III A B A B HT
Type IV construction in accordance with Section 602.4.
TYPE V A B
160 65 55 65 55 65 50 40 11 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 UL 24,000 16,000 24,000 16,000 20,500 12,000 7,000 11 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 UL 15,500 9,500 14,000 9,500 15,000 11,500 6,000
Why Use Type IV construction? To incorporate into Type IB and IIA roof systems
Office Building Q b Quebec, QC Dimensions: 65 ft x 170 ft Height: 6 storey Completed: 2009
Balconies in Type III, IV, and V Balcony
Exterior Wall
Roof Construction
d. In all occupancies d occupancies, heavy timber shall be allowed where a 1-hour 1 hour or less fire-resistance rating is required.
Preservatively Treated Wood Beam Top Notched For Balcony
One Hour Floor Assembly
Type IV Applications – Gas Station Canopies 406.5.2 Canopies - Shall be of noncombustible materials, fire-retardant-treated fire retardant treated wood complying with Chapter 23, wood of Type IV sizes or of construction providing 1-hour fire resistance. Combustible materials used in or on a canopy shall comply with one of the following: 1. Shielded from the pumps by a noncombustible element of the canopy, or wood d off Type T IV sizes; i
Type IV Applications – Gas Station Canopies 406.5.2 Canopies - Shall be of noncombustible materials, fire-retardant-treated fire retardant treated wood complying with Chapter 23, wood of Type IV sizes or of construction providing 1-hour fire resistance. Combustible materials used in or on a canopy shall comply with one of the following: 1. Shielded from the pumps by a noncombustible element of the canopy, or wood d off Type T IV sizes; i
Kiaweh Island, SC
Using Wood In Georgia Schools
Using Wood In Georgia Schools
Heavy Timber as Defined in Section 602 of the IBC may be used used. Example Project;
Heavy Timber as Defined in Section 602 of the IBC may be used used. Example Project;
Fayetteville, NC C 110,000sf Heavy Timber Roof System
Fayetteville, NC C 110,000sf Heavy Timber Roof System
photo by B. Lindsey
Beams in Rated Assemblies
photo by B. Lindsey
What about Engineered Lumber Products? Glued Laminated Timber
Jack Daniel’s Distillery photo by S. Lockyear
QUIZ TIME Is this allowed in a IIA building?
Structural Composite Lumber
Engineered Wood Beams – Glulam & Structural Composite Lumber
Equivalent Glued Laminated Net Size
Glued Laminated Beams •Available in: •Framing/Industrial Grades – Intended for non-exposed conditions. •Architectural – Intended for exposed members. •Premium Grade also available
Glulam Appearance Grades – AITC 110
Glued Laminated Beams •Available in: •Framing/Industrial Grades – Intended for non-exposed conditions. •Architectural – Intended for exposed members. •Premium Grade also available
Multi-Ply Columns OK for Unprotected C Construction t ti
Multi Multi-Ply Ply is ≠ Solid Section for Minimum Sizes
Tongue and Groove Decking
Gainesville Veterinary Clinic photo by S. Lockyear
T&G Decking Considerations Span Configurations Tongue & Grooved vs Splined vs. Wood Species Grade of Wood Diaphragm Design
Racine Wisconsin Hotel photo by S. Lockyear
Racine Wisconsin Hotel photo by S. Lockyear
Diaphragm Options Horizontally applied tongue and groove decking Diagonally applied tongue and groove decking Wood Structural Panel Sheathing
Tongue and Groove Decking
STRUCTURAL FRAMING
T&G DECKING WSP may be applied for diaphragm design
Tongue and Groove Decking
Tongue and Groove Decking
STRUCTURAL FRAMING
T&G DECKING
Decking Choices - Simple SPAN
LENGTH BOARD
Decking Choices - Continuous SPAN
LENGTH BOARD
Decking Choices – Cantilevered Pieces
Decking Spans Controlled Random Layup 2 inch Decking
Timber Connections
Connection Options
Bolted Mortis & Tenon Timber Rivets Split S lit Ri Rings & Sh Shear Pl Plates t
Connection Options Bolted Connections
Split Rings
Shear Plates
Timber Rivet
Other Joint System
JOINERY
HALF-LAP DOVETAIL COLLAR TIE COMMON RAFTERS AT RIDGE
JOINERY
Examples
Image provided by SWS
NFPA 1961 test Witnessed by 80 code officials and insurance representatives Steel bar joist and solid sawn wood exposed to fire. RAFTER TO KING POST CONNECTION
$17,000,000 – 77,000sf Murchison Performing Arts Center North Denton, TX
Murchison Performing Arts Center Seating 1,100 98’ S Span SWS AL supplied glulam
Examples NFPA 1961 test Witnessed by 80 code officials and insurance representatives Steel bar joist and solid sawn wood exposed to fire.
""glulam l l structural t t l members were structurally, structurally aesthetically, and economicallyy the material of choice." Image provided by SWS
Architects: KVG Gideon Toal and Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer Associates Engineers: Frese & Nichools, Inc. Contractor: Huber, Hunt and Nichols Inc.
Heavy Timber Roof Focal point is heavy timber framework at entry core area and water park.
Great Wolf Lodge Resort, Resort located in Concord, Concord NC, NC is a $70 million million, 470 470,000 000 square foot complex. It will contain 402 hotel guest units, a 90,000 square foot indoor water park, and a 20,000 square foot convention center. Kraemer Brothers, LLC of Plain, WI has contracted with Universal Forest Products to provide and install all rough carpentry, wood trusses, and fiber cement siding. David Boyce (E285 – Dallas, NC) is the account manager for the $6.7 million turn-key project Dan Chaney is coordinating all efforts with David Boyce as General project. Manager of Operations in Dallas. The project started in November 2007 and is expected to be complete in March 2009. IImage above 2009 b iis a partial ti l view i off westt wing i off b building. ildi
•
Large Roof With Structural Panels
Photo by Universal Forest Products
Glued Laminated Beams with T&G
Photo by Universal Forest Products Photo by Universal Forest Products
YMCA Fitness Center
Anaheim Ice Arena
In corrosive chlorine environment wood is a popular choice.
116’ Span Anaheim Ice Arena
6,000 sf Building Expansion Architect – Eric Owen Moss Supplier – Structurlam Engineer - Englekirk Partners Consulting Structural Engineers Engineers, Inc Inc.
Hayden Warehouse
Glulam span – 16 -52’ 5-1/8 to 6-3/4” wide 9 tto 30” d deep 12’ o.c. 2x rafters 16” o.c.
Hayden Warehouse
Review What is Heavy Timber Construction? Building Type Effects Engineered Wood Decking/Diaphragms Connections Projects ojects
Technical Resources
Technical Resources - www.timberframe.org
Technical Resources - www.tfguild.org/
American Wood Council - www.awc.org
Make Your Next Building a Top Ten Candidate
Q Questions Scott S tt Lockyear L k WoodWorks
[email protected] Phone: 615 439 0624